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Optimal Bracing Type of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Soil-Structure Interaction Taken into Consideration 考虑土-结构相互作用的钢筋混凝土建筑物最优支撑型式
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-06
Yassine Razzouk, Mohamed Ahatri, K. Baba, Ahlam El Majid
This study aims to investigate the impact of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete buildings. An advanced numerical model for SSI was developed and verified using ABAQUS software. The seismic response of a 12-story building on four types of soil (rock, dense soil, stiff soil, and soft soil) was examined using a Normalized Response Spectra based on the Moroccan paraseismic regulation RPS 2011. The global lateral displacement, inter-story drift, and period were compared for two types of bracing (column and shear wall). The results show that SSI has a significant impact on the seismic behavior of buildings, and the seismic responses of soil-structure systems with column and shear wall bracing are quite different. The research contributions of this paper include developing an advanced numerical model for SSI, examining the impact of SSI on the choice of bracing for reinforced concrete buildings, and providing guidance on the most reliable bracing method for structures of various heights and soil types. The study's findings have important implications for seismic design and can help improve the safety and reliability of buildings in earthquake-prone regions. The study also highlights the importance of considering SSI in seismic design and the need for guidelines that describe the bracing systems to be used based on the structure's height and type of soil. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-06 Full Text: PDF
本研究旨在探讨土-结构相互作用(SSI)对钢筋混凝土建筑抗震性能的影响。利用ABAQUS软件建立了先进的SSI数值模型并进行了验证。采用基于摩洛哥准地震规范RPS 2011的归一化反应谱,对一栋12层建筑在四种土壤(岩石、致密土、硬土和软土)上的地震反应进行了研究。比较了两种支撑(柱式和剪力墙)的整体横向位移、层间位移和周期。结果表明:SSI对建筑物的抗震性能有显著影响,柱支撑和剪力墙支撑的土-结构体系的地震反应有较大差异。本文的研究贡献包括建立了先进的SSI数值模型,研究了SSI对钢筋混凝土建筑支撑选择的影响,并为各种高度和土壤类型的结构提供了最可靠的支撑方法。该研究的发现对抗震设计具有重要意义,可以帮助提高地震多发地区建筑物的安全性和可靠性。该研究还强调了在抗震设计中考虑SSI的重要性,以及根据结构的高度和土壤类型描述支撑系统的指南的必要性。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-06全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves of Four Subgrade Materials using a Modified Perera Model 基于改进Perera模型的四种路基材料土水特性曲线预测
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-03
Rokhaya Gueye, Makhaly Bâ, I. Mbaye, Ida Bibalo Josiane Ki
One of the main hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils is the Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC). It is essential to understand, predict soil water storage and determine the hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of soils. These curves can be obtained by direct and indirect measurements. The measurements to obtain these curves are expensive, delicate to perform and can be really slow for fine soils, so predictive models become necessary. In order to make a numerical model, a couple of identification tests were carried out to obtain the physical properties of each sample among the four subgrade materials collected in the regions of Dakar and Thies (Senegal). The measurement tests of the matric suction were then conducted depending on the nature of the material (fine-grained soil or coarse-grained soil) and allowed to draw the SWCC of each soil. Among numerous predictive models developed for SWCC in the last decades; this study used the Perera model to fit the SWCC of four (04) subgrade materials, which did not give a satisfactory coefficient of correlation (R2 = 58% and a relatively low sum of the squared residuals (SSR)). This leads to modifying the Perera model to better fit the SWCC on the basis of an understanding of the effect of each parameter on the shape of the SWCC. The proposed modified model was validated by checking the adjusted R2, minimizing the SSR in order to approach at most the experimental air entry value. The modified model works pretty well on coarse-grained and fine-grained soils. This modified model of Perera provided a very good correlation R2equal to 99.98, 98.74, 99.64, and 99.73 for the sandy soils (Sebikotane and Keur Mory) and the Marley and Clayey soils of Diamniadio, with a minimal SSR obtained compared to Perera’s and Hernandez model. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-03 Full Text: PDF
非饱和土的主要水力特性之一是土-水特征曲线(SWCC)。理解、预测土壤水分储存和确定土壤的水力和力学行为是至关重要的。这些曲线可以通过直接和间接测量得到。获得这些曲线的测量是昂贵的,执行起来很微妙,对于细土来说可能很慢,所以预测模型是必要的。为了建立数值模型,对在达喀尔和蒂什(塞内加尔)地区收集的四种路基材料进行了几次识别试验,以获得每种样品的物理特性。然后根据材料的性质(细粒土或粗粒土)进行基质吸力的测量试验,并允许绘制每种土壤的SWCC。在过去几十年为SWCC开发的众多预测模型中;本研究使用Perera模型拟合4种(04)路基材料的SWCC,相关系数(R2 = 58%,残差平方和(SSR)相对较低)没有得到令人满意的结果。这导致在理解每个参数对SWCC形状的影响的基础上修改Perera模型以更好地拟合SWCC。通过检验调整后的R2,最小化SSR以最大接近实验进气量值,验证了修正模型的有效性。修正后的模型在粗粒和细粒土壤上都能很好地工作。修正后的Perera模型对沙质土壤(Sebikotane和Keur Mory)与Diamniadio的Marley和Clayey土壤的相关系数r2分别为99.98、98.74、99.64和99.73,与Perera和Hernandez模型相比SSR最小。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-03全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of E-Waste Management and Potential for Laptop Reuse and Recycling 电子废物管理和笔记本电脑再利用和回收潜力的评估
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-013
Gia Thanh Nguyen, Trinh Thi Kieu Lam, N. Huynh
Reusing and recycling laptops has many positive benefits, both environmentally and economically. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objectives of assessing (1) the current state of ownership, (2) the current state of use and disposal, and (3) quantifying the potential reuse and recycling of laptops for students at Can Tho University, Vietnam. Based on data collected by document review and face-to-face interviews with students, with a usage rate of 1 laptop per student, it is estimated that the whole of Can Tho University has 42,918 laptops in use. The actual use lifespan of the laptop is 5.28 years, lower than the expected lifespan of 6.8 years. The results of the correlation analysis show that the actual usage life does not have any correlation with the consumption behavior of students. In addition, the study estimates that 96.67% of laptops will be disposed of before 2031. In which, the potential for direct reuse is 2.33%, reuse with support is 88.33%, and recycling is 9.33%. The results show that universities have great potential to implement safe e-waste collection and treatment activities. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-013 Full Text: PDF
重复使用和回收笔记本电脑在环境和经济上都有很多积极的好处。因此,本研究的目的是评估(1)当前的所有权状态,(2)当前的使用和处置状态,以及(3)量化越南芹苴大学学生笔记本电脑的潜在再利用和回收。根据文献查阅和学生面对面访谈收集的数据,以每个学生一台笔记本电脑的使用率计算,估计整个芹托大学使用的笔记本电脑数量为42,918台。这款笔记本电脑的实际使用寿命为5.28年,低于预期的6.8年。相关分析结果表明,实际使用寿命与学生的消费行为不存在相关性。此外,该研究估计,96.67%的笔记本电脑将在2031年之前被丢弃。其中,直接再利用潜力为2.33%,支持再利用潜力为88.33%,再循环潜力为9.33%。结果表明,高校在实施安全的电子垃圾收集和处理活动方面具有很大的潜力。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-013全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Production Economical Reinforced Concrete Slabs using Eco-Friendly Material 使用环保材料生产经济的钢筋混凝土板
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-010
M. S. Shubber, T. Mohammed, K. M. Breesem
Concrete is a material that is strong in compression but weak in tension. To overcome this issue, reinforcement must be used to improve the tensile strength of the concrete. However, it is acknowledged that steel has its drawbacks, such as the fact that it has a high cost and corrosion potential, and the rebar is heavy, non-renewable, and non-environmentally friendly. Thus, this experimental study investigates the potential product of economical reinforced concrete slabs using eco-friendly materials. Firstly, to enhance the concrete properties, a compressive, tensile, and flexural test, also a concrete with the addition of polypropylene fiber outlasted the control mix design in terms of strength and durability. The results included the control mix (CM), F1 0.25%, F2 0.50%, F3 0.75%, and F4 1%. The specimen with the highest compression and tensile strength was 24.28 MPa and 3.15 MPa, respectively, for the F1 specimen with 0.25% short fibers. Secondly, the bending test was carried out on ten slabs to check the structural behavior of these slabs reinforced with reed rods as the eco-friendly material. The good results of the bearing capacity of a partially reinforced concrete slab with a reed have been obtained at 23.8 kN. Meanwhile, to obtain better results, this research has enhanced the behavior of the concrete slab by improving the concrete's properties by adding polypropylene synthetic microfiber to the mixed concrete. In addition, giant reeds treated with epoxy increase the bonding strength with concrete, improve tensile strength properties, and reduce the absorption of reeds. Therefore, the bearing capacity results of the reed-reinforced concrete slab became the best, which were 35.83 kN. Thus, reinforcement of one-way slabs by reed partially with appropriate diameters could be substituted to obtain good performance in the reconstruction of low-cost buildings. As a result, economical reinforced concrete slabs have been produced using eco-friendly materials. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-010 Full Text: PDF
混凝土是一种抗压强而抗拉弱的材料。为了克服这个问题,必须使用钢筋来提高混凝土的抗拉强度。然而,人们承认钢铁有其缺点,例如它具有高成本和腐蚀潜力,并且螺纹钢很重,不可再生,不环保。因此,本实验研究探讨了使用环保材料的经济钢筋混凝土板的潜在产品。首先,为了提高混凝土的性能,进行了抗压、抗拉和抗弯试验,同时,加入聚丙烯纤维的混凝土在强度和耐久性方面都比控制配合比设计的混凝土更持久。结果为对照(CM), F1为0.25%,F2为0.50%,F3为0.75%,F4为1%。当短纤维含量为0.25%时,F1试样的抗压强度和抗拉强度分别为24.28 MPa和3.15 MPa。其次,对10块板进行了弯曲试验,考察了环保材料芦苇杆加固板的结构性能。在23.8 kN荷载作用下,部分钢筋混凝土带苇板的承载力得到了较好的结果。同时,为了取得更好的效果,本研究通过在混合混凝土中加入聚丙烯合成超细纤维来改善混凝土的性能,从而提高混凝土板的性能。此外,经环氧树脂处理的巨芦苇可提高与混凝土的粘结强度,提高抗拉强度,减少芦苇的吸附。因此,芦苇钢筋混凝土板的承载力结果最好,为35.83 kN。因此,在低成本建筑的重建中,可以用适当直径的部分芦苇代替单向板的加固,以获得良好的性能。因此,经济的钢筋混凝土板是使用环保材料生产的。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-010全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Climatic Aging on the Performance of Wood-Based Panels 气候老化对人造板性能的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-015
E. Pakhomova, S. Emelyanov, Viktor Yartsev, V. Danilov, P. Monastyrev
The purpose of this work is to experimentally determine the climatic effects on the performance of wood-based panels using the methodology developed on the basis of the thermo-fluctuation concept of material aging. This methodology makes it possible to determine the durability of the material by taking into account the simultaneous action of temperature, time, and mechanical stress, as well as additional external influences. The experiments were conducted on particleboard, fiberboard, and plywood. The following climatic effects were studied experimentally in specialized laboratory facilities: high humidity, thermal aging, and UV-irradiation. As the evaluation indicators of the performance characteristics of wood boards were selected, water absorption, swelling rate, thermal expansion, penetration strength, and bending strength. From a theoretical point of view, the value of this work lies in demonstrating a methodology for determining the performance characteristics of particleboard, fiberboard, and plywood, which is highly accurate by considering these characteristics together rather than separately. From a practical point of view, this paper contains experimental results that allow us to judge the characteristics of the wood boards. It has been proven that exposure to UV rays and heat aging causes the binder between the filler particles to break down, and moisture is detrimental to the filler. The thermo-fluctuational constants obtained in the course of the study make it possible to predict the durability of the materials in question over a large range of operating parameters. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-015 Full Text: PDF
这项工作的目的是通过实验确定气候对人造板性能的影响,使用基于材料老化的热波动概念开发的方法。这种方法可以通过考虑温度、时间、机械应力以及其他外部影响的同时作用来确定材料的耐久性。实验在刨花板、纤维板和胶合板上进行。在专门的实验室设施中,对高湿、热老化和紫外线照射等气候效应进行了实验研究。选取吸水率、溶胀率、热膨胀率、渗透强度、抗弯强度作为评价木板性能特性的指标。从理论的角度来看,这项工作的价值在于展示了一种确定刨花板、纤维板和胶合板性能特征的方法,通过将这些特征放在一起而不是单独考虑,这种方法非常准确。从实用的角度来看,本文包含了实验结果,可以让我们判断木板的特性。事实证明,暴露在紫外线和热老化下会导致填料颗粒之间的粘合剂破裂,而潮湿对填料有害。在研究过程中获得的热波动常数使得在很大的工作参数范围内预测所讨论材料的耐久性成为可能。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-015全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of Soil Moisture for Different Crops Using SAR Polarimetric Data 利用SAR偏振数据估算不同作物土壤水分
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-08
K. Kanmani, Vasanthi P., P. Pari, N. S. S. Ahamed
Soil moisture is an essential factor that influences agricultural productivity and hydrological processes. Soil moisture estimation using field detection methods takes time and is challenging. However, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, soil moisture parameters become easier to detect. In microwave remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data helps to retrieve soil moisture from more considerable depths because of its high penetration capability and the illumination power of its light source. This study aims to process the SAR Sentinel-1A data and estimate soil moisture using the Water Cloud Model (WCM). Many physical and empirical models have been developed to determine soil moisture from microwave remote sensing platforms. However, the Water Cloud Model gives more accurate results. In this study, the WCM model is used for mixed crop types. The experimental soil moisture was determined from in-situ soil samples collected from various agricultural areas. The soil backscattering values corresponding to the different soil sampling locations were derived from Sentinel SAR data. Using linear regression analysis, the laboratory's soil moisture results and soil backscattering values were correlated to arrive at a model. The model was validated using a secondary set of in-situ moisture content values taken during the same period. The R2 and RMSE of the model were observed to be 0.825 and 0.0274, respectively, proving a strong correlation between the experimental soil moisture and satellite-derived soil moisture for mixed crop field types. This paper explains the methodology for arriving at a model for soil moisture estimation. This model helps to recommend suitable crop types in large, complex areas based on predicted moisture content. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08 Full Text: PDF
土壤水分是影响农业生产力和水文过程的重要因素。使用现场检测方法估算土壤湿度需要时间,并且具有挑战性。然而,利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,土壤湿度参数的检测变得更加容易。在微波遥感中,合成孔径雷达(SAR)数据由于其高穿透能力和光源的照明功率,有助于从更大的深度获取土壤水分。本研究旨在处理SAR Sentinel-1A数据,并利用水云模型(Water Cloud Model, WCM)估算土壤湿度。许多物理模型和经验模型已经被开发出来,以确定微波遥感平台上的土壤湿度。然而,水云模式给出了更准确的结果。在本研究中,WCM模型用于混合作物类型。实验土壤水分是通过从不同农区收集的原位土壤样品来测定的。不同土壤采样点对应的土壤后向散射值来源于Sentinel SAR数据。通过线性回归分析,将实验室土壤湿度结果与土壤后向散射值进行关联,得到模型。利用同一时期的第二组原位含水率值对模型进行了验证。模型的R2和RMSE分别为0.825和0.0274,表明混合作物类型的试验土壤湿度与卫星反演土壤湿度具有较强的相关性。本文阐述了建立土壤水分估算模型的方法。该模型有助于根据预测的水分含量在大而复杂的地区推荐合适的作物类型。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08全文:PDF
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引用次数: 1
Experimental Study on Ultimate Strength of Steel Tube Column Filled with Reactive Powder Concrete 活性粉末混凝土填充钢管柱极限强度试验研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-04
B. Al-Abbas, Z. M. A. Abdul Rasoul, Dhafer M. Hasan, Sajjad E. Rasheed
Composite concrete Filled Tubular Steel (CFT) members, which have excellent deformability due to the well-known confined and constrained interaction between steel tube and concrete, have largely been utilized as bridge piers or columns in high-rise buildings, resulting in increased strength and decreased column size. This study examined the experimental performance of steel tube columns filled with reactive powder concrete (RPC) under axial compression. Three sets of columns were used in the experiment, each with variations in shape (square, rectangular, and circular), length-to-diameter ratio, and compressive strength of the RPC. The first set consisted of five columns, while the second and third sets each had seven columns with three different lengths (750 mm, 600 mm, and 450 mm) and two different compressive strengths (54 and 92 MPa). A new numerical model was developed to calculate the ultimate failure load of the columns by considering factors such as the yield strength of steel, the compressive strength of concrete, the column shape, and the ratio of concrete to steel. This model was validated by comparing the results obtained from the experiments to those predicted by the model, as well as by designing equations from various codes. The results showed that the proposed numerical model accurately predicted the ultimate failure load for columns filled with different types of concrete, especially for RPC, while maintaining conservatism compared to the ACI, AISC, and EN codes equations. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-04 Full Text: PDF
钢管混凝土组合构件由于钢管与混凝土之间的约束相互作用而具有优异的变形性能,已广泛用于高层建筑的桥墩或柱,从而提高了强度,减小了柱尺寸。研究了活性粉末混凝土(RPC)填充钢管柱在轴压作用下的试验性能。实验中使用了三组柱,每组柱的形状(方形、矩形和圆形)、长径比和RPC的抗压强度都有变化。第一组由五根柱子组成,第二组和第三组各有七根柱子,三种不同的长度(750 mm, 600 mm和450 mm)和两种不同的抗压强度(54和92 MPa)。考虑钢的屈服强度、混凝土的抗压强度、柱形和混凝土与钢的比例等因素,建立了计算柱的极限破坏荷载的数值模型。通过将实验结果与模型预测结果进行比较,并通过设计不同代码的方程,验证了该模型的正确性。结果表明,本文提出的数值模型能够较准确地预测不同类型混凝土填充柱(尤其是RPC)的极限破坏荷载,且与ACI、AISC和EN规范方程相比保持保守性。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-04全文:PDF
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引用次数: 1
Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water using Leachate Modular Tower 渗滤液模块塔吸附污染水中重金属的研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-017
F. Aneke, Joy Tuoyo Adu
The heavy metals (HMs) and metalloids such as Cr(VI), As(Ill), and Pb(II) in contaminated water are toxic even at trace levels and have caused devastating negative health impacts on human beings. Hence, the effective adsorption of these heavy metals from contaminated water is important to protect biodiversity, hydrosphere ecosystems, and human beings. In this study, a leachate modular tower (LMT) was developed for the singular purpose of adsorbing HMs. The LMT contained nano-slag as a liner, which was synthesized from slag. The nano-slag was blended in different proportions of 90:10; 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 to the combined mass of clay and nano-slag, to evaluate the most efficient ratio of the blends capable of adsorbing HMs and metalloids with 100% efficiency. A series of leachate tests were performed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of LMT with different embedded liners. Attenuation periods of 2, 5, 7, and 10 days with a temperature of 500 °C were also selected to improve the sorption rate and uptake of HMs. Subsequently, the effluents were subjected to inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) tests to evaluate the concentrations and percentages of adsorbed HMs, which were calculated using a pseudo-first-order adsorption model. The results revealed that the removal of 98%As, 99%Cd, and 99.9% Pb was achieved with a 50%:50% ratio of soil and nano-slag as the liner at 10 days equilibrium period. Furthermore, 98%Zn, 95.45%Cu, 93.3%Fe, 97%Ni, and 89% Hg were achieved upon further investigation using the same dosage of soil and nano-slag and equilibrium conditions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests demonstrated that some traces of the absorbed HMs and metalloids were found on the liner surfaces, indicating significant changes in microstructure. The results indicated the sorption rate increased significantly due to the elevated temperature, aluminosilicate structure, and prolonged attenuation period, which are also associated with an elevated pH level and higher cation exchange capacity (CEC), of the liner. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-017 Full Text: PDF
受污染水体中的重金属(HMs)和类金属,如Cr(VI)、as (i)和Pb(II),即使是微量含量也具有毒性,对人类健康造成了毁灭性的负面影响。因此,有效吸附污染水体中的重金属对保护生物多样性、水圈生态系统和人类具有重要意义。在本研究中,开发了一种用于吸附HMs的渗滤液模块塔(LMT)。LMT以纳米渣为衬里,由炉渣合成而成。将纳米渣按90:10的比例混合;以80:20、70:30、60:40和50:50的比例来评价能够100%吸附HMs和类金属的混合物的最有效比例。通过一系列的渗滤液试验,评价了不同埋置衬垫对LMT的吸附能力。在500℃的温度下,衰减时间分别为2、5、7和10天,以提高HMs的吸收率和吸收率。随后,对废水进行电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测试,以评估吸附的HMs的浓度和百分比,这些浓度和百分比使用伪一级吸附模型计算。结果表明,当土壤与纳米渣的配比为50%:50%时,在10 d的平衡周期内,对砷、镉、铅的去除率分别达到98%、99%和99.9%。在相同用量的土壤、纳米渣和平衡条件下,进一步研究可获得98%Zn、95.45%Cu、93.3%Fe、97%Ni和89% Hg。扫描电镜(SEM)测试表明,在衬垫表面发现了一些吸收的HMs和类金属的痕迹,表明微观结构发生了显著变化。结果表明,温度升高、铝硅酸盐结构、衰减时间延长等因素显著提高了吸附速率,同时也与pH值升高和阳离子交换容量(CEC)增大有关。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-017全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Performance of Isolated Footing with Several Corrosion Levels under Axial Loading 轴向荷载作用下不同腐蚀等级隔离基础的性能研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-011
A. Youssef, M. Hegazy, Hatem Mostafa
This research aims to illustrate the corrosion process and its effect on the deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) isolated footings using a small-scale model (1/8) and present the results of a prototype-scale study using a numerical model with different concrete depths and corrosion levels under axial load. The experimental program consisted of testing five small-scale (1/8) model RC isolated footings under axial loading after subjecting them to accelerated corrosion tests with a constant current. The main variable in the small-scale sample test was the corrosion level. This study presents an experimental approach, using the constant current method and the finite element method (FEM) with the ABAQUS package, to examine its effect on the axial load behavior under different corrosion ratios, which were 0%, 4.21%, 9.11%, 24.56%, and 30.67%. On the prototype scale, the variables were the corrosion level and the RC depths of 300 mm, 400 mm, and 500 mm. The results indicated that the average deviation in ultimate load between the experimental and FEM outcomes for the small-scale was below 5.6%, while the average deflection deviation was 6.8%. Also, the study found that an increase in the depth of the RC footing and corrosion ratio led to a more pronounced impact of the cracking pattern in the concrete and corroded bars, as well as a greater difference in the failure load. The experimental results suggest that the proposed numerical model is accurate and effective. These findings have important implications for the evaluation of isolated footings affected by corrosion damage using FEM, and can help inform decisions related to their design and maintenance. The failure loads of non-corroded footings with different depths were compared with the ECP-203 provisions of the 2018 Egyptian Code, and how corrosion ratios can be simulated by numerical models. The percentage variation between the design loads by code and the numerical loads by ABAQUS for controlled footings with thicknesses of 300, 400, and 500 mm was found to be 73%, 80%, and 78%, respectively. Using the derived relationship, the equivalent corrosion ratio percentages were 23.8%, 20.2%, and 32%, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-011 Full Text: PDF
本研究旨在通过一个小尺度模型(1/8)来说明钢筋混凝土(RC)隔震基础的腐蚀过程及其对其劣化的影响,并通过一个具有不同混凝土深度和腐蚀水平的轴向荷载的数值模型来展示原型尺度研究的结果。实验程序包括对5个小尺寸(1/8)模型RC隔震基座进行轴向加载后的恒流加速腐蚀试验。小尺寸试样试验的主要变量是腐蚀水平。本研究采用恒流法和ABAQUS软件包的有限元法(FEM),研究了不同腐蚀比(0%、4.21%、9.11%、24.56%和30.67%)下其对轴向载荷行为的影响。在原型尺度上,变量为腐蚀等级和RC深度300 mm、400 mm和500 mm。结果表明:试验结果与有限元计算结果的极限荷载平均偏差小于5.6%,挠度平均偏差为6.8%;研究还发现,随着RC基础深度和腐蚀比的增加,混凝土和腐蚀杆的开裂模式影响更加明显,破坏荷载差异也更大。实验结果表明,所提出的数值模型是准确有效的。这些发现对于使用有限元法评估受腐蚀损害影响的孤立基础具有重要意义,并有助于为其设计和维护相关决策提供信息。将不同深度非腐蚀基础的破坏载荷与2018年埃及规范epc -203的规定进行比较,以及如何通过数值模型模拟腐蚀比。300mm、400mm和500mm控制基础的规范设计荷载与ABAQUS数值荷载的差异百分比分别为73%、80%和78%。根据导出的关系式,等效腐蚀比百分比分别为23.8%、20.2%和32%。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-011全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Potential of Recycled Asphalt for Sustainable Road Construction: An Environmental and Economic Analysis 评价再生沥青在可持续道路建设中的潜力:环境和经济分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-06-014
Muhamet Ahmeti, M. Ahmetaj, V. Krelani
Objective: This study investigated the possibility of using recycled asphalt for road construction and maintenance in Kosovo. Methods: By analyzing statistical data from the Ministry of Infrastructure based on the status of infrastructure, the life cycle of asphalt, and investments in this area, this study determined the amount of asphalt that needs to be recycled. Results: The results showed that 1454008.5 m3 of asphalt needs to be recycled in Kosovo. We studied using 10%, 15%, and 20% recycled asphalt in asphalt base courses. We determined the benefits of recycled asphalt in terms of environmental protection, energy savings, and low cost. Depending on the percentage of recycled asphalt, the savings in mineral mix ranged from 11% to 23% and the road bitumen dosage from 6 to 8.5%. Novelty/Improvement: The proposed method of reusing recycled materials can reduce the consumption of natural resources, energy, and financial costs and help protect the environment. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-014 Full Text: PDF
目的:本研究探讨了在科索沃使用再生沥青进行道路建设和维护的可能性。方法:根据该地区基础设施现状、沥青生命周期、投资情况,分析基础设施部的统计数据,确定该地区需要回收的沥青量。结果:结果表明,科索沃需要回收的沥青为1454008.5 m3。我们研究了在沥青基层中使用10%、15%和20%的再生沥青。我们确定了再生沥青在环保、节能和低成本方面的优势。根据再生沥青的百分比,矿物混合物的节省幅度为11%至23%,道路沥青用量为6%至8.5%。新颖/改进:所提出的回收材料再利用方法可以减少自然资源、能源和财务成本的消耗,并有助于保护环境。Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-014全文:PDF
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Open Civil Engineering Journal
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