Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913929
Shazia Jagot
early
早期
{"title":"Lives of the Great Languages: Arabic and Latin in the Medieval Mediterranean by Karla Mallette (review)","authors":"Shazia Jagot","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913929","url":null,"abstract":"early","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913936
Sonja Drimmer
{"title":"Immaterial Texts in Late Medieval England: Making English Literary Manuscripts, 1400–1500 by Daniel Wakelin (review)","authors":"Sonja Drimmer","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913936","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913918
Misty Schieberle
Abstract:Building on the 2014 identification by Estelle Stubbs and Linne Mooney of Thomas Hoccleve's father as the London draper "William Occlyf," this article presents more records that connect William Hoccleve to the prominent Londoners William and Maud Holbech. These real estate documents and wills reveal that William Hoccleve was operating as a draper in London as early as 1365, before Thomas's birth; they record his property dealings with Maud Holbech and suggest that William Hoccleve died between 1381 and 1383; and they identify Thomas as being on a clerical career path, lending credence to the claims that these men are indeed the poet and his father, and that Thomas Hoccleve was born a Londoner. This essay places the documents within the context of Hoccleve's marriage and frustrations at the benefice system; examines the care with which Maud Holbech sought to provide for Hoccleve and others in her will; and suggests that Maud Holbech may have been William Hoccleve's sister and Thomas Hoccleve's aunt. These documents establish a previously unrecognized professional and likely familial network for the Hoccleves in London.
摘要:2014年，Estelle Stubbs和Linne Mooney确认Thomas Hoccleve的父亲是伦敦的布商“William Occlyf”，在此基础上，本文提出了将William Hoccleve与著名的伦敦人William and Maud Holbech联系起来的更多记录。这些房地产文件和遗嘱显示，早在托马斯出生前的1365年，威廉·霍克莱夫就在伦敦经营一家布商;他们记录了他与莫德·霍尔贝克的财产交易，并表明威廉·霍尔贝克夫死于1381年至1383年之间;他们认为托马斯走上了牧师的职业道路，这让人们相信这些人确实是诗人和他的父亲，托马斯·霍克列夫出生在伦敦。本文将这些文件置于霍克列夫的婚姻和对遗产制度的不满的背景下;考察了莫德·霍尔贝克在遗嘱中试图为霍克克利夫和其他人提供的关怀;这表明莫德·霍尔贝克可能是威廉·霍克莱夫的妹妹和托马斯·霍克莱夫的姨妈。这些文件为霍克夫夫妇在伦敦建立了一个以前未被承认的专业和可能的家庭网络。
{"title":"Thomas Hoccleve of London: New Evidence of Hoccleve's Family and Finances","authors":"Misty Schieberle","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913918","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Building on the 2014 identification by Estelle Stubbs and Linne Mooney of Thomas Hoccleve's father as the London draper \"William Occlyf,\" this article presents more records that connect William Hoccleve to the prominent Londoners William and Maud Holbech. These real estate documents and wills reveal that William Hoccleve was operating as a draper in London as early as 1365, before Thomas's birth; they record his property dealings with Maud Holbech and suggest that William Hoccleve died between 1381 and 1383; and they identify Thomas as being on a clerical career path, lending credence to the claims that these men are indeed the poet and his father, and that Thomas Hoccleve was born a Londoner. This essay places the documents within the context of Hoccleve's marriage and frustrations at the benefice system; examines the care with which Maud Holbech sought to provide for Hoccleve and others in her will; and suggests that Maud Holbech may have been William Hoccleve's sister and Thomas Hoccleve's aunt. These documents establish a previously unrecognized professional and likely familial network for the Hoccleves in London.","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913939
Elizabeth Robertson
{"title":"Translating Christ in the Middle Ages: Gender, Authorship, and the Visionary Text by Barbara Zimbalist (review)","authors":"Elizabeth Robertson","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913939","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913910
Anthony Bale
Abstract:The first dateable English printed document is an indulgence to raise money against the Turks. In this essay I take this indulgence, printed by William Caxton at Westminster in 1476, as a starting-point for a reconsideration of fifteenth-century English literary and cultural representations of Rhodes and the advancing Ottoman Turks. The 1480 siege of the Hospitaller island of Rhodes was a turning-point in the production and dissemination of writing about the Turkish conquests. John Kay's Siege of Rhodes, printed c. 1482, reflects the interest in current affairs both at Edward IV's court and at the humanist Italian courts where Kay, Edward's self-described laureate, had spent time. I then introduce a letter from John Paston, describing a Turk in his household, and the fifteenth-century poem The Turke and Sir Gawain, to consider how the Turkish male body was represented. I argue that representations of the Turk in later fifteenth-century England reveal admiration, fear, and a sense of proximity and similarity. Such representations show how the Turk was frequently discussed in cultural discourse, and inaugurate the "Turk" as a discursive representation in the English imagination. The recent turn to the "Global Middle Ages" in medieval English studies has not yet fully attended to the specifics of interactions between Latin Christendom and the Ottoman Turks. This requires an acknowledgment of the importance in later fifteenth-century England of mediated news reports concerning the growing Ottoman empire and the parlous state of Christian lands in the eastern Mediterranean.
{"title":"News from the East","authors":"Anthony Bale","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913910","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The first dateable English printed document is an indulgence to raise money against the Turks. In this essay I take this indulgence, printed by William Caxton at Westminster in 1476, as a starting-point for a reconsideration of fifteenth-century English literary and cultural representations of Rhodes and the advancing Ottoman Turks. The 1480 siege of the Hospitaller island of Rhodes was a turning-point in the production and dissemination of writing about the Turkish conquests. John Kay's Siege of Rhodes, printed c. 1482, reflects the interest in current affairs both at Edward IV's court and at the humanist Italian courts where Kay, Edward's self-described laureate, had spent time. I then introduce a letter from John Paston, describing a Turk in his household, and the fifteenth-century poem The Turke and Sir Gawain, to consider how the Turkish male body was represented. I argue that representations of the Turk in later fifteenth-century England reveal admiration, fear, and a sense of proximity and similarity. Such representations show how the Turk was frequently discussed in cultural discourse, and inaugurate the \"Turk\" as a discursive representation in the English imagination. The recent turn to the \"Global Middle Ages\" in medieval English studies has not yet fully attended to the specifics of interactions between Latin Christendom and the Ottoman Turks. This requires an acknowledgment of the importance in later fifteenth-century England of mediated news reports concerning the growing Ottoman empire and the parlous state of Christian lands in the eastern Mediterranean.","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913933
Heide Estes
{"title":"How Not to Make a Human: Pets, Feral Children, Worms, Sky Burial, Oysters by Karl Steel (review)","authors":"Heide Estes","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913932
Michael Van Dussen
{"title":"Re-Using Manuscripts in Late Medieval England: Repairing, Recycling, Sharing by Hannah Ryley (review)","authors":"Michael Van Dussen","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913932","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913925
Catherine Sanok
{"title":"The Matter of Virtue: Women's Ethical Action from Chaucer to Shakespeare by Holly Crocker (review)","authors":"Catherine Sanok","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913925","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913917
Laura Kendrick
Abstract:Eustache Deschamps's famous ballade praising Chaucer as "great translator" is best understood in the context of the early French humanist milieu whose literary values, linguistic markers, and transcultural reach it displays. With this epistolary ballade, written in the late 1390s and avant-garde at the time, Deschamps wanted to establish a literary friendship and an exchange of poetic writings with Chaucer, whom Deschamps perceived as a fellow humanist poet-translator, and whom he lauded for translating eloquence into the English language. Evidence for this new interpretation comes from comparisons of Deschamps's Ballade 285 with early fifteenth-century epistolary exchanges in French verse and prose, including letters from the debate over Jean de Meun's Roman de la Rose and the exchange of poetic praise between Deschamps and Christine de Pizan; from the Latin epistolary exchanges of the last quarter of the fourteenth century between leading French and Italian humanists Jean de Montreuil and Coluccio Salutati; and also from Petrarch's Latin letters to long-dead classical authors, which permitted no reply. Although Ballade 285 survives only in the collection of 300 "moral ballades" at the beginning of the huge manuscript of his collected works in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Fr. 840, Deschamps must have valued it, for this is the only section whose content he is thought to have selected and ordered himself before his death in 1404.
摘要:尤斯塔什·德尚称赞乔叟为“伟大的翻译家”的著名叙事诗，在法国早期人文主义的背景下才能得到最好的理解，它所展现的文学价值、语言标志和跨文化的影响。德尚写于13世纪90年代晚期，是当时的先锋派诗歌，德尚希望与乔叟建立文学友谊，并交换诗歌作品。德尚认为乔叟是一位人文主义诗人兼翻译家，他称赞乔叟将口才翻译成英语。这种新解释的证据来自对德尚的《歌咏285》与15世纪早期法国诗歌和散文书信交流的比较，包括关于让·德·梅恩的《玫瑰罗马》辩论的信件以及德尚和克里斯汀·德·皮桑之间诗歌赞美的交流;从14世纪最后25年法国和意大利主要人文主义者Jean de Montreuil和Coluccio Salutati之间的拉丁书信交流;还有彼特拉克写给去世已久的古典作家的拉丁文信件，这些信件不允许回信。尽管《歌谣285》仅存于他在巴黎收藏的大量手稿《法国国家图书馆》(biblioth nationale de France, Fr. 840)开头的300首“道德歌谣”中，但德尚一定很重视它，因为这是他在1404年去世前选择和整理的唯一一段内容。
{"title":"Understanding Deschamps's Ballade Praising Chaucer in the Context of Early Humanist Epistolary Exchanges in Verse and Prose","authors":"Laura Kendrick","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913917","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Eustache Deschamps's famous ballade praising Chaucer as \"great translator\" is best understood in the context of the early French humanist milieu whose literary values, linguistic markers, and transcultural reach it displays. With this epistolary ballade, written in the late 1390s and avant-garde at the time, Deschamps wanted to establish a literary friendship and an exchange of poetic writings with Chaucer, whom Deschamps perceived as a fellow humanist poet-translator, and whom he lauded for translating eloquence into the English language. Evidence for this new interpretation comes from comparisons of Deschamps's Ballade 285 with early fifteenth-century epistolary exchanges in French verse and prose, including letters from the debate over Jean de Meun's Roman de la Rose and the exchange of poetic praise between Deschamps and Christine de Pizan; from the Latin epistolary exchanges of the last quarter of the fourteenth century between leading French and Italian humanists Jean de Montreuil and Coluccio Salutati; and also from Petrarch's Latin letters to long-dead classical authors, which permitted no reply. Although Ballade 285 survives only in the collection of 300 \"moral ballades\" at the beginning of the huge manuscript of his collected works in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Fr. 840, Deschamps must have valued it, for this is the only section whose content he is thought to have selected and ordered himself before his death in 1404.","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1353/sac.2023.a913928
Andreea D. Boboc
{"title":"Cultures of Witnessing: Law and the York Plays by Emma Lipton (review)","authors":"Andreea D. Boboc","doi":"10.1353/sac.2023.a913928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.2023.a913928","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53678,"journal":{"name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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