Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.3
Dziauddin Sharif, Wan Hishamudin Wan Jusoh, A. H. Ishak, Fadhilah Adibah Ismail
This study discusses the methodology used by the fuqaha’ from various schools in studying al-rahn issues. In this methodology, research focuses on the comparisons of ideas and views that are often used in the analysis of diverse and graded data. The comparison between these data should start with the selection of fiqh books that are relevant to the objectives of the study to be done. The selection of books should be justified to reinforce the methodology used throughout the study. This study focuses on six fiqh books that are valid and elaborating the justification for the selection of the six books based on the power of the book’s authority in their respective sects as well as the extent of their methodological suitability in meeting the objectives of the study. This study found that the fuqaha’ presented a critical analysis by considering the views of different jurists of sectarian flow. Preferential views do not necessarily come from the same school, but other views of the school will be referenced as appropriate to their methodology. As a result, the fuqaha’ can analyse the information from different sources apart from the view of their own sect. It can therefore be concluded that the writing of these six selected books contributed greatly in influencing the determination of a fiqh law especially in the al-rahn issue because the legal analysis was still relevant for today’s use.
{"title":"The Methodology of Comparative School of Thought on al-Rahn Discussion: A Reference to the Selected Islamic Jurisprudence Classical Books","authors":"Dziauddin Sharif, Wan Hishamudin Wan Jusoh, A. H. Ishak, Fadhilah Adibah Ismail","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the methodology used by the fuqaha’ from various schools in studying al-rahn issues. In this methodology, research focuses on the comparisons of ideas and views that are often used in the analysis of diverse and graded data. The comparison between these data should start with the selection of fiqh books that are relevant to the objectives of the study to be done. The selection of books should be justified to reinforce the methodology used throughout the study. This study focuses on six fiqh books that are valid and elaborating the justification for the selection of the six books based on the power of the book’s authority in their respective sects as well as the extent of their methodological suitability in meeting the objectives of the study. This study found that the fuqaha’ presented a critical analysis by considering the views of different jurists of sectarian flow. Preferential views do not necessarily come from the same school, but other views of the school will be referenced as appropriate to their methodology. As a result, the fuqaha’ can analyse the information from different sources apart from the view of their own sect. It can therefore be concluded that the writing of these six selected books contributed greatly in influencing the determination of a fiqh law especially in the al-rahn issue because the legal analysis was still relevant for today’s use.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"25 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72417720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.2
Mohamed Saladin Abdul Rasool, Mohamed Azmil Mohd Yusof, Siti Mariam Ali
Wellbeing is generally seen as an example of the condition of households, society, and people. The issue of wellbeing in the modernized world has been reviewed and explained in various ways as it is a crucial issue for a household that acts as a reflection of the comfort status among humanity. From the Islamic perspective, wellbeing can be widely explained through inner and outer fulfilment, and guiding people through a peaceful life, named as hayat al-tayyibah. The ultimate objective of the paper is to present a framework of wellbeing from the Maqasid al-Shari'âh principles. Each dimension of the principles were deliberated according to the views of scholars from the perspective of the Shari'ah. The paper highlights the operation of Maqasid al-Shari'ah as a measurable multidimensional concept, a relatively new discipline in various fields of social sciences and economics. Studies have shown that wellbeing could be explained in a multidimensional perspective using these principles.
{"title":"Wellbeing of the Society: A Maqasid al-Shari'ah Approach","authors":"Mohamed Saladin Abdul Rasool, Mohamed Azmil Mohd Yusof, Siti Mariam Ali","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Wellbeing is generally seen as an example of the condition of households, society, and people. The issue of wellbeing in the modernized world has been reviewed and explained in various ways as it is a crucial issue for a household that acts as a reflection of the comfort status among humanity. From the Islamic perspective, wellbeing can be widely explained through inner and outer fulfilment, and guiding people through a peaceful life, named as hayat al-tayyibah. The ultimate objective of the paper is to present a framework of wellbeing from the Maqasid al-Shari'âh principles. Each dimension of the principles were deliberated according to the views of scholars from the perspective of the Shari'ah. The paper highlights the operation of Maqasid al-Shari'ah as a measurable multidimensional concept, a relatively new discipline in various fields of social sciences and economics. Studies have shown that wellbeing could be explained in a multidimensional perspective using these principles.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82497368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.4
Tareq Sharawi
The question of the universality of the protection of rights has been an area of debate on different levels. This article will begin with a comparative reading of parallel debates on inclusion and universality in the scholarships of jurisprudence, Human Rights, and the Islamic legal tradition, represented by the classical positions of the major Sunni schools of law. By surveying examples of classical legal primary texts of Islamic law, the divergence on the inviolability of all human beings and the two different stands towards the legal protection of the non-Muslims is explored. Rationales will be classified for the inviolability of all human beings in Islamic law, a position represented by the Universalistic school. The article will arrive at the conclusion that the division within the Islamic legal tradition resonates with the other divergences. The inviolability of all human beings, a stand represented by major scholars of law, offers a Universalist lens for human rights that is well-situated within the Islamic tradition.
{"title":"The Inviolability of the Non-Muslims in Islamic Law: A Comparative Reading of Modern and Classical Debates Tareq Sharawi","authors":"Tareq Sharawi","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The question of the universality of the protection of rights has been an area of debate on different levels. This article will begin with a comparative reading of parallel debates on inclusion and universality in the scholarships of jurisprudence, Human Rights, and the Islamic legal tradition, represented by the classical positions of the major Sunni schools of law. By surveying examples of classical legal primary texts of Islamic law, the divergence on the inviolability of all human beings and the two different stands towards the legal protection of the non-Muslims is explored. Rationales will be classified for the inviolability of all human beings in Islamic law, a position represented by the Universalistic school. The article will arrive at the conclusion that the division within the Islamic legal tradition resonates with the other divergences. The inviolability of all human beings, a stand represented by major scholars of law, offers a Universalist lens for human rights that is well-situated within the Islamic tradition.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81504381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.6
Hajar Opir, M. Yusof, N. Siren, L. Abdullah, Wan Yusnee Abdullah
Film is one of the artistic manuscripts that influences society. Islam, as a merciful religion towards mankind, does not neglect this aspect. In fact, it guides films to comply with the demand of shara‘. The recent development of films focuses on horror stories as a genre so favored by the general that it touches ‘aqidah issues. Therefore, the Fatwa Council plays an important role in tackling this issue to assist those in film industry in producing high quality film and complying with sharia. Hence, this study aims to analyses fatwas in the aspect of ‘aqidah associated to films to see whether the fatwas used are gazette or not. This study is in the form of qualitative. The method used is content analysis through literature review by examining the fatwas made on any related issues in films. The findings show that fatwas related to ‘aqidah in films are significant, however, they are not often discussed by the Fatwa Council in the national or state level.
{"title":"Analisa Fatwa Berkaitan Akidah Dalam Filem di Malaysia: Sorotan 2005-2018","authors":"Hajar Opir, M. Yusof, N. Siren, L. Abdullah, Wan Yusnee Abdullah","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Film is one of the artistic manuscripts that influences society. Islam, as a merciful religion towards mankind, does not neglect this aspect. In fact, it guides films to comply with the demand of shara‘. The recent development of films focuses on horror stories as a genre so favored by the general that it touches ‘aqidah issues. Therefore, the Fatwa Council plays an important role in tackling this issue to assist those in film industry in producing high quality film and complying with sharia. Hence, this study aims to analyses fatwas in the aspect of ‘aqidah associated to films to see whether the fatwas used are gazette or not. This study is in the form of qualitative. The method used is content analysis through literature review by examining the fatwas made on any related issues in films. The findings show that fatwas related to ‘aqidah in films are significant, however, they are not often discussed by the Fatwa Council in the national or state level.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85790549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.1
W. Razali, S. Shamsuddin, Mohammad Aizuddin Abdul Aziz, Mohd Faisal bin Mohamed
Among many issues discussed and debated in the field of Islamic theology is the interpretation of the mutashābihāt verses and traditions. Tuan Guru ‘Abd Al-Qadir Wangah, or known as Ayah Dir Sekam, was among the many Malay Muslim scholars who analysed, described and contributed to the proper understanding of mutashābihāt in the Islamic studies. This study aims at analyzing Ayah Dir’s discussion on the interpretation of the mutashābihāt from his writing, namely Risālah Manhaj Ahl al-Sunnah. Textual analysis methodology is applied on this ‘Risālah’ to thematize and organize his main ideas in providing the correct methodology in understanding the mutashābihāt verses and traditions. Findings show that Ayah Dir Sekam’s methodology of interpretation, namely ta’wīl ijmālī and tafṣīlī, is in line with the methodology of classical and modern scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamā‘ah, which is regarded as the mainstream of Islam. This is due to his strong link with the significant turāth (heritage) and mu‘tabar (credible) writings by these scholars. In the same way, this is also due to his firm educational experience with many well-known Malay Muslim scholars either in the Malay Archipelago or in Mecca.
在伊斯兰神学领域讨论和辩论的许多问题中，对mutashābihāt经文和传统的解释。Tuan Guru ' Abd Al-Qadir Wangah，或被称为Ayah Dir Sekam，是众多马来穆斯林学者中的一员，他们分析，描述并有助于正确理解伊斯兰研究中的mutashābihāt。本研究旨在分析阿耶·迪尔从他的著作《Risālah圣训》中对mutashābihāt的解释的讨论。本文运用文本分析方法对《Risālah》进行主题化和组织，为理解《mutashābihāt》经文和传统提供了正确的方法。研究结果表明，Ayah Dir Sekam的解释方法，即ta ' wounl ijmālī和tafṣīlī，与被视为伊斯兰主流的Ahl al-Sunnah wa al- jamir ' ah的古典和现代学者的解释方法是一致的。这是由于他与这些学者的重要turāth(遗产)和mu 'tabar(可信的)著作有着密切的联系。同样，这也是由于他在马来群岛或麦加与许多知名的马来穆斯林学者的牢固教育经历。
{"title":"Laysa Kamithlihi Shay’un: The Interpretation of Mutashābihāt Verses and Traditions by ‘Abd al-Qadir Wangah in Risālah Manhaj Ahl Al-Sunnah","authors":"W. Razali, S. Shamsuddin, Mohammad Aizuddin Abdul Aziz, Mohd Faisal bin Mohamed","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Among many issues discussed and debated in the field of Islamic theology is the interpretation of the mutashābihāt verses and traditions. Tuan Guru ‘Abd Al-Qadir Wangah, or known as Ayah Dir Sekam, was among the many Malay Muslim scholars who analysed, described and contributed to the proper understanding of mutashābihāt in the Islamic studies. This study aims at analyzing Ayah Dir’s discussion on the interpretation of the mutashābihāt from his writing, namely Risālah Manhaj Ahl al-Sunnah. Textual analysis methodology is applied on this ‘Risālah’ to thematize and organize his main ideas in providing the correct methodology in understanding the mutashābihāt verses and traditions. Findings show that Ayah Dir Sekam’s methodology of interpretation, namely ta’wīl ijmālī and tafṣīlī, is in line with the methodology of classical and modern scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamā‘ah, which is regarded as the mainstream of Islam. This is due to his strong link with the significant turāth (heritage) and mu‘tabar (credible) writings by these scholars. In the same way, this is also due to his firm educational experience with many well-known Malay Muslim scholars either in the Malay Archipelago or in Mecca.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91203136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.5
A. Razak, S. Suyurno, Rawi Nordin
This study discusses the thoughts of ‘umrān by Ibn Khaldūn and its contributions in the sociology and civilization areas. In addition, this study also analyses the ‘umrān philosophy that was first introduced by Ibn Khaldūn in the 14-th century. This study was conducted using the deductive and inductive analysis methodology as well as history-search gathered from the Muqaddimah book and other related past studies. It was found that the ‘umrān theory emphasises on the combination of humans and the nature as well as obedience towards God’s laws, which is seen as the best lifestyle that needs to be practiced by all humankinds. Ibn Khaldūn also emphasised on the aspect where humans should comprehend histories in developing the society in the future. In addition, the ‘umrānic thought is seen as contributing and significance towards the studies of human sociology and civilization. This can be seen when the ideas of ‘umrān have influenced later sociological theories such as Malik Bennabi, Arnold Toynbee and others. In addition, Ibn Khaldūn also established an Islamic sociological framework that included God as the lawmaker, man as generator and nature as the source for utilization. Some scholars also pointed out that Ibn Khaldūn highlighted his ideas on the theory of Muslim revival and the rise and decline of civilization.
本研究探讨伊本Khaldūn的“umrān”思想及其在社会学和文明学领域的贡献。此外，本研究还分析了伊本Khaldūn在14世纪首次提出的“umrān哲学”。本研究采用演绎和归纳分析方法，以及从Muqaddimah著作和其他相关的过去研究中收集的历史搜索进行。研究发现，“umrān”理论强调人与自然的结合以及对上帝律法的服从，这被视为全人类需要实践的最佳生活方式。伊本Khaldūn也强调了人类在未来社会发展中应该理解历史的方面。此外，“umrānic”思想对人类社会学和文明学的研究也有一定的贡献和意义。当“umrān”的思想影响了后来的社会学理论，如Malik Bennabi, Arnold Toynbee和其他人时，就可以看出这一点。此外，伊本Khaldūn还建立了以真主为立法者、人为生产者、自然为利用源的伊斯兰社会学框架。也有学者指出伊本Khaldūn突出了他关于穆斯林复兴理论和文明兴衰的观点。
{"title":"The ‘Umrānic Thoughts of Ibn Khaldūn and Its Contributions to the Studies of Islamic Sociology and Civilization","authors":"A. Razak, S. Suyurno, Rawi Nordin","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.SP2020NO1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the thoughts of ‘umrān by Ibn Khaldūn and its contributions in the sociology and civilization areas. In addition, this study also analyses the ‘umrān philosophy that was first introduced by Ibn Khaldūn in the 14-th century. This study was conducted using the deductive and inductive analysis methodology as well as history-search gathered from the Muqaddimah book and other related past studies. It was found that the ‘umrān theory emphasises on the combination of humans and the nature as well as obedience towards God’s laws, which is seen as the best lifestyle that needs to be practiced by all humankinds. Ibn Khaldūn also emphasised on the aspect where humans should comprehend histories in developing the society in the future. In addition, the ‘umrānic thought is seen as contributing and significance towards the studies of human sociology and civilization. This can be seen when the ideas of ‘umrān have influenced later sociological theories such as Malik Bennabi, Arnold Toynbee and others. In addition, Ibn Khaldūn also established an Islamic sociological framework that included God as the lawmaker, man as generator and nature as the source for utilization. Some scholars also pointed out that Ibn Khaldūn highlighted his ideas on the theory of Muslim revival and the rise and decline of civilization.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90413151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.22452/AFKAR.VOL21NO2.5
Muhammad Akilu Aliyu, A. A. Rahim
The emergence and expansion of Islam have been considered a severe challenge to Christianity. With its significant expansion, the Christians became so much exasperated. Thus, they started searching for every possible avenue to do away with it. In medieval period, many intellectual and military attacks were lunched against Islam. One of the strategies was to create false theories which portrayed Prophet MuIammad (p.b.u.h) negatively and damagingly. The most absurd theory was ‘pathological theory’ which attempted to charge the Prophet (p.b.u.h) of being epileptic. Although many attempts have been made by both Muslims and some less biased Christian scholars to fish this theory out from the scene, it continues to have relevance even in some of the well-learned contemporary Christian scholar’s writings. This study attempts to analyse and evaluate David Samuel Margoliouth’s views on this theory since he is one of the well-versed and contemporary Islamists. In doing so, analytical, comparative and evaluative methods would be used.
{"title":"The Remnant of Medieval Christian Attitudes Towards Prophet Muhammad: A Critical Evaluation of Margoliouth’s Pathological Theory","authors":"Muhammad Akilu Aliyu, A. A. Rahim","doi":"10.22452/AFKAR.VOL21NO2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/AFKAR.VOL21NO2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence and expansion of Islam have been considered a severe challenge to Christianity. With its significant expansion, the Christians became so much exasperated. Thus, they started searching for every possible avenue to do away with it. In medieval period, many intellectual and military attacks were lunched against Islam. One of the strategies was to create false theories which portrayed Prophet MuIammad (p.b.u.h) negatively and damagingly. The most absurd theory was ‘pathological theory’ which attempted to charge the Prophet (p.b.u.h) of being epileptic. Although many attempts have been made by both Muslims and some less biased Christian scholars to fish this theory out from the scene, it continues to have relevance even in some of the well-learned contemporary Christian scholar’s writings. This study attempts to analyse and evaluate David Samuel Margoliouth’s views on this theory since he is one of the well-versed and contemporary Islamists. In doing so, analytical, comparative and evaluative methods would be used.","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43387586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.22452/afkar.vol21no2.2
Khalif Muammar A. Harris, Adibah Muhtar
This article is an intellectual response to the feminists’ contention that gender is a social construct, hence it can be changed and reconstructed accordingly. It argues that gender is God-given, which means that it is the natural dispositions and characters bestowed by God along with the physical appearances, which in Islamic tradition are called fiṭrah and sunnatullāh. By advocating the idea that gender is man-made and not God-given, the feminists have opened the door of confusion, reconstruction and corruption of not only the meaning of gender but also other fundamental concepts in the social system, such as qiwāmah or men leadership. Moreover, the feminists’ idea of gender equality ( musāwāh ) indirectly dismissed the different natural disposition ( fiṭrah) between men and women for a notion of equality which is assumed to be synonymous with justice. Nevertheless, the
{"title":"Konsep Kesetaraan Gender Menurut Perspektif Islam dan Barat","authors":"Khalif Muammar A. Harris, Adibah Muhtar","doi":"10.22452/afkar.vol21no2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol21no2.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an intellectual response to the feminists’ contention that gender is a social construct, hence it can be changed and reconstructed accordingly. It argues that gender is God-given, which means that it is the natural dispositions and characters bestowed by God along with the physical appearances, which in Islamic tradition are called fiṭrah and sunnatullāh. By advocating the idea that gender is man-made and not God-given, the feminists have opened the door of confusion, reconstruction and corruption of not only the meaning of gender but also other fundamental concepts in the social system, such as qiwāmah or men leadership. Moreover, the feminists’ idea of gender equality ( musāwāh ) indirectly dismissed the different natural disposition ( fiṭrah) between men and women for a notion of equality which is assumed to be synonymous with justice. Nevertheless, the","PeriodicalId":53770,"journal":{"name":"Afkar-Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam-Journal of Aqidah & Islamic Thought","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41536035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.22452/afkar.vol21no2.3
Alwani Ghazali, Nadzrah Ahmad, Khadijah Mohd Khambali, J. T. Meftah, Abdul Rahim Bin Zumrah, Zamrie Ibrahim
This study extracts the main characteristics of the interfaith dialogue that had been carried out during the Prophet Muhammad’s lifetime from six models of interfaith dialogue during that time. The six models are based on engagements of the Prophet Muhammad in six different occasions, in both, Meccan and Medinan periods: dialogues with ‘Abd Allah ibn Salam, Najashi of Abyssinia, Christians of Najran, antagonistic Jews of Medina, Heraclius of Byzantine Empire and Khosrow of Sassanian Empire. Analysis of this study has employed the historical hermeneutics of Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) to unveil the underlying contexts of the six Prophetic interfaith dialogue models. On the other hand, the derivation of the Prophetic interfaith dialogue characteristics is based on observation of the salient features applied in all the models of Prophetic interfaith dialogue. The study concludes that all the Prophetic interfaith dialogue was carried out in the spirit that dialogue is a form of daʻwah. Among the characteristics of this Prophetic interfaith dialogue models, ‘principle-centred’ is the most consistent. Other characteristics are clarity and precision, openness and respect, confidence and non-arrogance, non-evasion and peaceful co-existence.
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Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.22452/afkar.vol21no2.6
F. Muhammadin, Mohd Hisham Mohd Kamal
The human rights discourse of (Western) universalism versus cultural relativism in international law becomes interesting when Islam is put into the equation. Scholars incline to either side of the debate while trying to have something in between to bridge the differences. This article uses a literature doctrinal method and does not use the ‘third-person view’ used by most scholars. Rather, this article uses an ‘aqīdah approach to analyze the challenge faced by Muslim international law scholars. It is argued that inclining to either universalism or relativism is against the Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed). Rather, the position which is correct according to the Islamic ‘aqīdah is to take a third path, namely Islamic universalism as a way forward
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