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Regarder le regard : le racisme biopolitique et les propos haineux numériques 看一眼:生物政治种族主义和数字仇恨言论
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-01-20 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2019.007
Stuart J. Murray, Catriona LeBlanc
À la suite de la mort médiatisée de Jamel Dunn en Floride en 2017, le présent article situe l’événement de la mort, du côté gauche, au sein de cycles familiers de condamnation morale et, du côté droit, dans le contexte de circuits récursifs de violence médiatisée et racisée. Alors que nous nous regardons regarder les jeunes qui regardent (et enregistrent) sa mort, cet article cherche à complexifier notre compréhension des propos haineux numériques, de la subjectivité et de la culpabilité morales. Entre la malédiction de la mort et son après-vie récursive, ce travail propose un argument provisoire sur la complicité éthique traversant les écologies de nos médias numériques.
继2017年媒体报道的贾梅尔·邓恩(Jamel Dunn)在佛罗里达州死亡之后,本文将死亡事件置于左侧熟悉的道德谴责循环中,而右侧则置于媒体报道和种族主义暴力的递归循环中。当我们看着看着(并记录)他死亡的年轻人时,这篇文章试图使我们对数字仇恨言论、道德主观性和罪恶感的理解复杂化。在死亡的诅咒和它递归的来世之间,这项工作提出了一个关于跨越我们数字媒体生态的伦理共谋的临时论点。
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引用次数: 0
The Making of Philadelphia: The Natural Environment and Its Scientific and Artistic Histories 费城的形成:自然环境及其科学和艺术历史
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-01-07 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2019.001
N. Slipp
As a colonial centre of North America and the first capitol of the United States, the city of Philadelphia was a central participant in the development of American art and science. This essay reviews three recent texts that seek to understand the interconnected nature of art and science in Philadelphia: Elizabeth Milroy’s The Grid and the River: Philadelphia’s Green Places, 1682–1876, Amy R.W. Myers’s Knowing Nature: Art and Science in Philadelphia, 1740–1840, and Alan C. Braddock and Laura Turner Igoe’s A Greene Country Towne: Philadelphia’s Ecology in the Cultural Imagination. Each volume identifies key figures, objects, and texts that are integral to understanding Philadelphia’s natural environment and the flowering of art and science in the city
作为北美的殖民中心和美国的第一个国会大厦,费城是美国艺术和科学发展的中心参与者。这篇文章回顾了最近的三篇文章,试图理解费城艺术和科学的相互联系的本质:伊丽莎白·米尔罗伊的《网格和河流:费城的绿地,1682-1876》,艾米·r·w·迈尔斯的《认识自然:费城的艺术和科学,1740-1840》,以及艾伦·c·布拉多克和劳拉·特纳·伊戈的《格林乡村小镇:文化想象中的费城生态》。每一卷都确定了关键人物、对象和文本,这些都是理解费城自然环境和城市艺术和科学发展不可或缺的一部分
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引用次数: 0
Jonathan Edwards, Secular Duration, and the Evangelical Aesthetics of Sinful Selfhood 乔纳森·爱德华兹,世俗的持续时间,和罪恶自我的福音美学
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-01-07 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2019.003
Taylor Kraayenbrink
Abstract:This article proposes that the temporality of Jonathan Edwards’s aesthetic projection of himself as simultaneously godly and depraved provides an alternative model of early American selfhood from the secular capitalist paradigm of Benjamin Franklin, championed by Max Weber and perpetuated by Charles Taylor’s account of secular time-consciousness in A Secular Age.Résumé:Cet article propose que la temporalité de la projection esthétique que Jonathan Edwards a fait de lui-même en tant que simultanément divin et dépravé fournit un modèle du début de l’individualité américaine différent du paradigme capitaliste séculier de Benjamin Franklin, soutenu par Max Weber et perpétué par Charles Taylor dans son livre A Secular Age sur la conscience temporelle du séculier.
摘要:本文提出,乔纳森·爱德华兹(Jonathan Edwards)对自己的美学投射的暂时性同时提供了本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)世俗资本主义范式中早期美国自我的另一种模式,由马克斯·韦伯(Max Weber)提出,查尔斯·泰勒(Charles Taylor)对世俗时代世俗意识的描述延续了这一观点。摘要:本文认为,乔纳森·爱德华兹(Jonathan Edwards)对自己同时神圣和堕落的审美投影的时间性为早期美国个性提供了一个模型,不同于本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)的世俗资本主义范式。由马克斯·韦伯(Max Weber)支持,查尔斯·泰勒(Charles Taylor)在其《世俗意识的世俗时代》一书中延续。
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引用次数: 0
"Not by a Long Shot": John Sayles's Lone Star, the Future, and the Bildungsroman 《绝不可能》:约翰·塞尔斯的《孤星》、《未来》和《成长小说》
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-01-07 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2019.004
William Bartley
Abstract:In Lone Star, John Sayles connects free agency with the power to imagine a future life for oneself in a story, drawing on the metaphor of composing a life as if it were a story. Sam and Pilar, as lovers who discover they are half-siblings, embrace that power when they resolve to "start from scratch" and thereby reject the counter-narrative that holds that their future lives are already authored by history and culture. Critics hold that the film settles on this dichotomy: either we are sovereign self-authors or our destinies are already scripted. However, the film discovers a middle way that reconciles history and freedom, which resonates with Bakhtin's analysis of the relationship between free agency and social change as it is understood in the Bildungsroman.Résumé:Dans Lone Star, John Sayles connecte le libre arbitre avec le pouvoir d'imaginer une vie future pour soi dans une histoire, utilisant la métaphore de créer une vie comme on créerait une histoire. Sam et Pilar, des amants qui découvrent qu'ils sont demi-frère et demi-sœur, embrassent ce pouvoir lorsqu'ils décident de « recommencer à zéro » et de rejeter le contre-récit qui veut que leurs vies futures soient déjà écrites par l'histoire et la culture. Les critiques pensent que le film s'en tient à cette dichotomie: soit nous sommes des auteurs souverains ou nos destins sont déjà écrits. Par contre, le film découvre un juste milieu qui réconcilie histoire et liberté, lequel rejoint l'analyse de Bakhtin de la relation entre le libre arbitre et le changement social telle qu'elle est comprise dans le roman d'apprentissage.
摘要:在《孤星》中,约翰·塞尔斯将自由代理与在故事中想象自己未来生活的能力联系起来,将人生比喻为一个故事。山姆和皮拉尔是一对发现自己是同父异母的兄弟姐妹的恋人,当他们决心“从零开始”时,他们接受了这种力量,从而拒绝了认为他们未来的生活已经由历史和文化决定的反叙事。评论家们认为,这部电影采用了这种二分法:要么我们是独立自主的作者,要么我们的命运已经被预设好了。然而,这部电影发现了一条调和历史和自由的中间道路,这与巴赫金在《成长小说》中对自由代理和社会变革之间关系的分析产生了共鸣。rsm:Dans Lone Star, John Sayles连接了自由自由,将自由自由和自由自由结合在一起,将自由自由和自由自由结合在一起,将自由自由和自由自由结合在一起,将自由自由和自由自由结合在一起。Sam和Pilar说,“samjous”和“demi- fretre et demi-sœur”是指“samjous”和“demi- fretre et demi-sœur”,是指“demi- fretre et demi-sœur”,是指“demi- fretre et demi-sœur”,是指“demi- fretre”,是指“demi- fretre”,是指“demi- fretre”,是指“demi- fretre”。批评人士认为,电影本身就是一种“客观的、客观的二分法”:有些人认为,电影本身就是一种“客观的、客观的”,而有些人认为电影本身就是一种“客观的、客观的”。与此相反,电影《不公正的环境》《不公正的环境》《不公正的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《自由主义的历史》《学徒》。
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引用次数: 0
Violent (Non-) Labour: On the Social Reproduction of the Clone in Carola Dibbell’s The Only Ones 暴力(非)劳动:论卡罗拉·迪贝尔《唯一的人》中克隆人的社会再生产
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2018.022
B. Bellamy
In a reading of Carola Dibbell’s debut novel The Only Ones (2015), this article deploys the term “(non-)labour” in two senses: one is a cheeky description of cloning as the activity of reproducing human beings without the traditional sense of labour as delivery of an infant, and the other draws on Marxist-feminist accounts of care work as the remunerated or unremunerated, though structurally necessary, labour required to reproduce the workforce. Dibbell’s novel presents a version of the human as a worker always already embedded in social relations, revealing the violence that thoroughly saturates the biomedical industry. Yet, as this article argues, violent labour is most evident when characters do work that has too long been imagined outside the sphere of value production. The Only Ones illustrates the impossibility of producing value without labour, violent or otherwise; it directs readers to the unlikely places where we already give away our work for free.
在阅读卡罗拉·迪贝尔的处女作《唯一的人》(2015)时,本文从两个意义上使用了“(非)劳动”一词:一个是厚颜无耻地将克隆描述为复制人类的活动,而没有传统意义上的劳动,即分娩婴儿,尽管在结构上是必要的,但复制劳动力所需的劳动力。迪贝尔的小说呈现了一个一直嵌入社会关系中的人作为工人的版本,揭示了彻底充斥着生物医学行业的暴力。然而,正如这篇文章所说,当角色在价值生产领域之外从事长期想象的工作时,暴力劳动最为明显。《唯一的人》说明了没有暴力或其他劳动就不可能产生价值;它将读者引导到我们已经免费赠送作品的不太可能的地方。
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引用次数: 0
Work That Causes Harm: Violent Labour and the Ecology of Suffering 造成伤害的工作:暴力劳动与苦难生态
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2018.023
J. Noiseux
In this article, “violent labour” is framed as work that causes harm: work that is necessarily situated in overlapping global contexts of contemporary technological capitalism, and harm that is always itself ecological, in the senses of distributed, relational, and complex. To explicate these senses, I sketch a political ecological case study of the harmful effects of global high-technology industries through the entirety of a causal spectrum that has mineral extraction in central Africa on one end, office jobs in California in the middle, and globally distributed e-waste processing on the other end. Conventional philosophical, legal, and common-sense perspectives that feature intention as the central salient component of violence are critiqued. A consequentialist and phenomenological alternative is proposed wherein the suffering of sentient beings within broadly conceived relational ecologies replaces the violent intent of discrete actors as the key metric for understanding the impacts of work that causes harm, or violent labour.
在这篇文章中,“暴力劳动”被定义为造成伤害的工作:必然位于当代技术资本主义重叠的全球背景下的工作,以及在分布式、关系性和复杂性意义上始终是生态的伤害。为了解释这些意义,我通过一个因果谱,对全球高科技产业的有害影响进行了政治生态案例研究,其中一端是中非的矿产开采,中间是加利福尼亚的办公室工作,另一端是全球分布的电子垃圾处理。传统的哲学、法律和常识观点将意图作为暴力的核心和突出组成部分,受到了批评。提出了一种后果主义和现象学的替代方案,其中在广义的关系生态学中,有知觉的人的痛苦取代了离散行动者的暴力意图,成为理解造成伤害或暴力劳动的工作影响的关键指标。
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引用次数: 0
Chain-Gang Gothic: The Colonel’s Dream and the Spectacular Terrors of State Punishment 《铁链哥特:上校的梦想和国家惩罚的惊人恐怖》
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2018.020
J. Haslam
Charles Chesnutt’s 1905 novel The Colonel’s Dream meditates on the structures of spectacle and ignorance that create a continuity of white privilege and white supremacy from North to South, and on the role that the nascent prison-industrial complex plays in that process. Chesnutt uses occasional gothic irruptions within his otherwise realist and sentimental form to show how “hidden” and spectacular punishments, legal and extra-legal state violence, all function to impose a purposeful ignorance of their very existence: punishments, their spectacular renditions, and the public’s turning away from them combine to become a structuring aporia that maintains white supremacy in the face of democratic resistance.
查尔斯·切斯纳特(Charles Chesnutt)1905年的小说《上校之梦》(The Colonel’s Dream)思考了从北到南创造白人特权和白人至上主义连续性的奇观和无知结构,以及新生的监狱工业综合体在这一过程中所扮演的角色。切斯纳特在其现实主义和感性的形式中偶尔使用哥特式的突现,来展示“隐藏的”和壮观的惩罚,法律和法外的国家暴力,所有这些都是如何有目的地忽视它们的存在的:惩罚,它们壮观的演绎,公众对他们的排斥结合在一起,成为了一个结构性的aporia,在民主抵抗面前保持白人至上。
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引用次数: 1
Remembering Toni Morrison 缅怀托尼·莫里森
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.3138/cras.2019.005
C. Stewart
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引用次数: 0
Keeping the Golden Door Ajar: The Business Case for Mexican Labour Migration to the United States in the 1920s 保持金门敞开:20世纪20年代墨西哥劳工移民到美国的商业案例
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.3138/CRAS.2017.034
M. Sullivan
Abstract:This article highlights the role that US Chamber of Commerce lobbyists and border politicians played in limiting restrictions on Mexican labour migration to the United States in the 1920s. Together, they successfully resisted calls for stricter statutory limitations on the admission of Mexican migrants by emphasizing their economic and civic contributions.Résumé:Cet article met en relief le rôle joué par les lobbyistes de la Chambre de commerce des États-Unis et les politiciens des régions frontalières dans la question des restrictions migratoires à la main-d’œuvre mexicaine dans les années 1920. Ensemble, ils ont réussi à empêcher le resserrement des restrictions statutaires touchant l’admission de migrants mexicains, en faisant valoir la contribution économique et civique de ceux-ci.
摘要:本文强调了20世纪20年代美国商会游说者和边境政客在限制墨西哥劳工移民美国方面所起的作用。他们共同强调他们的经济和公民贡献,成功地抵制了对墨西哥移民入境实行严格法定限制的呼吁。摘要:本文强调了美国商会游说者和边境政客在20世纪20年代墨西哥劳工移民限制问题上所扮演的角色。通过强调墨西哥移民的经济和公民贡献,他们成功地阻止了对墨西哥移民入境的更严格的法定限制。
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引用次数: 0
Connecting the Dots: The Foundation of American Empire 连接点:美利坚帝国的基础
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.3138/CRAS.2017.033
D. Harvey
Abstract:Contrary to popular political pundit monkey chatter, the current political economy of the United States is not the result of the Bush Republicans, the Obama/Clinton Democrats, or even the Liberal/Conservative schism stemming from the New Deal era. The creation of the early American republic left numerous issues unresolved and set in motion machinery that has manifested itself in government by Wall Street bankers and war profiteers, a foreign policy dominated by militarism, and an economy hooked on war. By employing a potent combination of a close reading of the sources, good writing, and intellectual honesty, author William Hoge-land connects the dots on the origins of corporate American hegemony.Résumé:Contrairement aux idées répandues par le verbiage de politicologues populistes, la situation politicoéconomique actuelle des États-Unis n’est pas le produit des républicains de l’ère des Bush, ni des démocrates de l’ère Obama-Clinton, ni même du schisme entre libéraux et conservateurs à la suite du New Deal. Dès sa fondation, la République des États-Unis d’Amérique a laissé de multiples questions en suspens et enclenché les rouages d’une machine d’État caractérisée par la gouvernance des banquiers de Wall Street et des profiteurs de guerre, une politique étrangère soumise au militarisme et une économie accro à la guerre. Alliant de façon convaincante la lecture serrée des sources, le sens du récit et l’intégrité intellectuelle, William Hogeland remplit les blancs sur un portrait de naissance – celui de l’hégémonie étatsunienne de l’entreprise.
摘要:与受欢迎的政治专家猴子聊天者相反,美国当前的政治经济不是布什共和党人、奥巴马/克林顿民主党人,甚至是新政时代自由/保守分裂的结果。早期美利坚共和国左翼问题的形成尚未解决,并建立了一个动态机制,华尔街银行家和战争牟利者在政府中表现出来,军国主义主导的外交政策,以及一个陷入战争的经济。作者威廉·霍格·兰德(William Hoge Land)通过对资料来源的仔细阅读、良好的写作和知识诚实的有力结合,将这一点与美国企业霸权的起源联系起来。摘要:与民粹主义政治学家的胡言乱语相反,美国当前的政治经济形势不是布什时代共和党人、奥巴马-克林顿时代民主党人的产物,甚至不是新政后自由派和保守派之间分裂的产物。自成立以来,美利坚合众国共和国留下了许多悬而未决的问题,并启动了一个以华尔街银行家和战争牟利者的治理、军国主义主导的外交政策和战争经济为特征的国家机器。威廉·霍格兰(William Hogeland)令人信服地结合了对资料来源的仔细阅读、叙事感和知识诚信,在一幅出生的肖像中填满了白人——美国公司霸权的肖像。
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引用次数: 0
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CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES
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