Population ageing is one of the biggest structural changes currently affecting the development of most European welfare states. It poses challenges for the sustainability of the welfare state in several sub-areas of social policy, including the protection of the welfare needs of the growing elderly population. To address the issue of A Comparative Analysis of People’s Views on Future Policies for Older People
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of People’s Views on Future Policies for Older People","authors":"M. Hrast, Mi Ah Schoyen, Tatjana Rakar","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1585","url":null,"abstract":"Population ageing is one of the biggest structural changes currently affecting the development of most European welfare states. It poses challenges for the sustainability of the welfare state in several sub-areas of social policy, including the protection of the welfare needs of the growing elderly population. To address the issue of A Comparative Analysis of People’s Views on Future Policies for Older People","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70257403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Starije osobe predstavljaju specificnu skupinu s vrlo razlicitim potrebama, ovisno o svom fizickom i psihickom zdravstvenom statusu. Udio osoba starije dobi u cjelokupnoj populaciji raste, sto nazivamo demografskim starenjem, a posljedica je pada nataliteta i produljenja životnog vijeka uslijed napretka medicine i poboljsanja kvalitete života. Istovremeno se povecava i broj onih kojima je potrebna dugotrajna skrb ili potpora, zbog nemogucnosti samostalnog života. Kljucnu ulogu u tom procesu imaju neformalni njegovatelji, koji su u vecini slucajeva clanovi uže obitelji. Stoga je cilj istraživanja bio utvrditi sociodemografska obilježja neformalnih njegovatelja starijih osoba te obilježja njege koju pružaju. Istraživanje je provedeno na prigodnom uzorku 342 neformalna njegovatelja na podrucju grada Zagreba. Rezultati su pokazali da su njegovatelji najcesce udane i zaposlene žene, u srednjoj životnoj dobi. Utvrđeno je i da uglavnom njeguju svoje roditelje, koji su u dubokoj starosti, uz prisutnost multimorbiditeta. Cak trecina njegovatelja obavlja skrb 24 sata dnevno, vise od 5 godina. Aktivnosti u kojima najcesce pomažu su njega oboljelog i kucanske aktivnosti. Iskazali su vecu potreba za pomoci i njegom u kuci, patronažnom službom, gerontoloskim centrom i stacionarom. Navedeni rezultati pokazuju veliku opterecenost jednog dijela obiteljskih njegovatelja sto ukazuje na potrebu promisljanja boljih zakonskih rjesenja koja se odnose na socijalnu politiku prema starijim osobama kao i prema njihovim njegovateljima.
老年人代表着一个特定的群体，根据他们的身心健康状况，他们有着非常不同的需求。老年人在整个人口中都在增长，这被称为人口年龄，其结果是出生率下降，通过药物和生活质量的提高生活。与此同时，由于自己的生活不可能实现，需要长期护理或支持的人数也在增加。这个过程的关键部分是非正式农民，他们大多是家庭成员。研究的目的是确定非正式高级教师的社会人口学特征及其特征。调查对萨格勒布的342名非正规农民进行了适当的抽样调查。结果表明，农民大多是处于中年的已婚和就业妇女。还证实，他们主要是在照顾患有多种疾病的年迈父母。Cak trecina njegovatelja obavlja skrb 24 sata dnevno，vice od 5 godina。对他最有帮助的活动通常是生病和家务活动。他们还表现出在家里、赞助人、老年医学中心和车站更需要帮助。这些结果表明，一部分家庭护士面临巨大困难，这表明需要更好的立法解决老年人及其护士的社会政策问题。
{"title":"Profil neformalnih njegovatelja starijih osoba u gradu Zagrebu","authors":"A. Štambuk, Silvia Rusac, Lea Skokandić","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1579","url":null,"abstract":"Starije osobe predstavljaju specificnu skupinu s vrlo razlicitim potrebama, ovisno o svom fizickom i psihickom zdravstvenom statusu. Udio osoba starije dobi u cjelokupnoj populaciji raste, sto nazivamo demografskim starenjem, a posljedica je pada nataliteta i produljenja životnog vijeka uslijed napretka medicine i poboljsanja kvalitete života. Istovremeno se povecava i broj onih \u0000kojima je potrebna dugotrajna skrb ili potpora, zbog nemogucnosti samostalnog života. Kljucnu ulogu u tom procesu imaju neformalni njegovatelji, koji su u vecini slucajeva clanovi uže obitelji. Stoga je cilj istraživanja bio utvrditi sociodemografska obilježja neformalnih njegovatelja starijih osoba te obilježja njege koju pružaju. Istraživanje je provedeno na prigodnom uzorku 342 \u0000neformalna njegovatelja na podrucju grada Zagreba. Rezultati su pokazali da su njegovatelji najcesce udane i zaposlene žene, u srednjoj životnoj dobi. Utvrđeno je i da uglavnom njeguju svoje roditelje, koji su u dubokoj starosti, uz prisutnost multimorbiditeta. Cak trecina njegovatelja obavlja skrb 24 sata \u0000dnevno, vise od 5 godina. Aktivnosti u kojima najcesce pomažu su njega oboljelog i kucanske aktivnosti. Iskazali su vecu potreba za pomoci i njegom u kuci, patronažnom službom, gerontoloskim centrom i stacionarom. Navedeni rezultati pokazuju veliku opterecenost jednog dijela obiteljskih njegovatelja sto ukazuje na potrebu promisljanja boljih zakonskih rjesenja koja se odnose na \u0000socijalnu politiku prema starijim osobama kao i prema njihovim njegovateljima.","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44785912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organizing care for older people is one of the most important issues in European countries due to the rapidly aging population, and characterized by a rise in the share of the older people caused by longer life expectancy and declining fertility rates. The share of the population aged 80 years and over, which is the most likely to need care, grew from 1.5% in 1960 to nearly 5% in 2010, and is expected to rise to 11% by Long-Term Care Determinants of Care Arrangements for Older People in Europe: Evidence from SHARE ∗
{"title":"Long-Term Care Determinants of Care Arrangements for Older People in Europe: Evidence from SHARE","authors":"V. Hlebec, A. Srakar, Boris Majcen","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1604","url":null,"abstract":"Organizing care for older people is one of the most important issues in European countries due to the rapidly aging population, and characterized by a rise in the share of the older people caused by longer life expectancy and declining fertility rates. The share of the population aged 80 years and over, which is the most likely to need care, grew from 1.5% in 1960 to nearly 5% in 2010, and is expected to rise to 11% by Long-Term Care Determinants of Care Arrangements for Older People in Europe: Evidence from SHARE ∗","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dugotrajna skrb za starije osobe: izazov za socijalnu gerontologiju i socijalnu politiku","authors":"Jana Mali, A. Štambuk","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49112555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 21st century is a century of older people; the society is becoming long-lived. We are witnessing remarkable demographic changes; people are healthier, have higher quality of life and consequently live longer, which results in important social consequences at the individual level, as well as at the level of families and countries (see Filipovič Hrast & Hlebec, 2015). In the next five decades, according to the latest demographic projections of Eurostat, the structure of the population will change radically. The proportion of the oldest Europeans (80 years and over) is expected to rise from 5% in 2016 to 13% in 2070, while the old-age dependency ratio of older people will almost double in this period. Europe is expected to increase public expenditure on long-term care from 1.6% to 2.7% of GDP (European Commission, 2018). These trends will have a significant impact on the organization and financial sustainability of long-term care systems. We can expect an increase in the proportion of people who will need long-term care and a decrease in the proportion of those giving care, both formal and informal.
{"title":"Trends and Challenges in Long-Term Care in Europe","authors":"Mateja Nagode, L. Lebar","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1655","url":null,"abstract":"The 21st century is a century of older people; the society is becoming long-lived. We are witnessing remarkable demographic changes; people are healthier, have higher quality of life and consequently live longer, which results in important social consequences at the individual level, as well as at the level of families and countries (see Filipovič Hrast & Hlebec, 2015). In the next five decades, according to the latest demographic projections of Eurostat, the structure of the population will change radically. The proportion of the oldest Europeans (80 years and over) is expected to rise from 5% in 2016 to 13% in 2070, while the old-age dependency ratio of older people will almost double in this period. Europe is expected to increase public expenditure on long-term care from 1.6% to 2.7% of GDP (European Commission, 2018). These trends will have a significant impact on the organization and financial sustainability of long-term care systems. We can expect an increase in the proportion of people who will need long-term care and a decrease in the proportion of those giving care, both formal and informal.","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47833968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maša Filipovič Hrast, Tatjana Rakar: Socialna politika danes in jutri","authors":"Jana Mali","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44640737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this article is to draw attention to the pressing yet politically overlooked issue of poverty among older women. Gender difference in poverty in old age is high in most countries in the European Union and beyond. Poverty of older women is two to three times higher than the poverty of men, what will be presented latter in the article. Literature review and comparative research data show that social security systems around the world insufficiently address the problem neglecting the core issue of gender inequalities over the life-course (Barrientos et al., 2003; Bettio et al., 2013; Börcsh Supan et al., 2011; Burkevica et al., 2015; Gianni et al., 2015). Review also shows that poverty in old age cannot be understood by studying merely statistical data over a certain period of time, since it is a result of the accumulation of inequalities throughout one’s life course. Furthermore, poverty among older women cannot be fully understood without taking into account the socialization of women into expected social and gender roles which affect their life courses. Even though the causes of poverty of women in old age are known, the problem of political recognition remains what impacts the survival of women in old age. Poverty reduces their life to taking care just of basic needs, such as having something to eat and enough money to pay the bills what in most cases is already a struggle. The problem affects also elderly women in Slovenia. Poverty of Older Women in Slovenia
这篇文章的目的是引起人们对老年妇女贫困这一紧迫但在政治上被忽视的问题的关注。在欧盟和欧盟以外的大多数国家，老年贫困的性别差异很大。老年妇女的贫困比男性的贫困高出两到三倍，这将在文章的后面提出。文献回顾和比较研究数据表明，世界各地的社会保障制度未能充分解决这一问题，忽视了生命过程中性别不平等的核心问题(Barrientos et al.， 2003;Bettio et al.， 2013;Börcsh Supan et al.， 2011;Burkevica等，2015;Gianni et al.， 2015)。审查还表明，老年贫困不能仅仅通过研究某一时期的统计数据来理解，因为它是一个人一生中不平等积累的结果。此外，如果不考虑到妇女在影响其生命历程的预期社会和性别角色方面的社会化，就不能充分了解老年妇女的贫穷问题。尽管老年妇女贫穷的原因是已知的，但政治承认问题仍然是影响老年妇女生存的问题。贫困使他们的生活减少到只关心基本需求，比如有东西吃，有足够的钱支付账单，而在大多数情况下，这已经是一场斗争了。这个问题也影响到斯洛文尼亚的老年妇女。斯洛文尼亚老年妇女的贫困问题
{"title":"Poverty of Older Women in Slovenia","authors":"Vesna Leskošek","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1586","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to draw attention to the pressing yet politically overlooked issue of poverty among older women. Gender difference in poverty in old age is high in most countries in the European Union and beyond. Poverty of older women is two to three times higher than the poverty of men, what will be presented latter in the article. Literature review and comparative research data show that social security systems around the world insufficiently address the problem neglecting the core issue of gender inequalities over the life-course (Barrientos et al., 2003; Bettio et al., 2013; Börcsh Supan et al., 2011; Burkevica et al., 2015; Gianni et al., 2015). Review also shows that poverty in old age cannot be understood by studying merely statistical data over a certain period of time, since it is a result of the accumulation of inequalities throughout one’s life course. Furthermore, poverty among older women cannot be fully understood without taking into account the socialization of women into expected social and gender roles which affect their life courses. Even though the causes of poverty of women in old age are known, the problem of political recognition remains what impacts the survival of women in old age. Poverty reduces their life to taking care just of basic needs, such as having something to eat and enough money to pay the bills what in most cases is already a struggle. The problem affects also elderly women in Slovenia. Poverty of Older Women in Slovenia","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46347660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ana Štambuk: Stavovi starijih osoba prema smrti i umiranju","authors":"Jana Mali","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1658","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42769996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long-term care is a phenomenon that may be described as a response to demographic changes faced by all countries of the world. The rapid aging of the population and the simultaneous decrease in the percentage of the young population in modern industrial societies have radically affected the systems that until recently have been relatively stable. Higher life expectancy, the advance of medicine, the decrease in the share of active population and the increasing number of assistance-dependent persons caused changes in family and intergenerational relations (Flaker et al., 2008; Österle, 2011; Leichsenring et al., 2013; Mali, 2013). The ratio of people offering assistance to people receiving assistance has radically changed. As a consequence, the risk of the failure to provide adequate care and support has increased, while at the Innovations in long-term care: The case of old people’s homes in Slovenia
{"title":"Innovations in Long-Term Care: The Case of Old People’s Homes in Slovenia","authors":"Jana Mali","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1584","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term care is a phenomenon that may be described as a response to demographic changes faced by all countries of the world. The rapid aging of the population and the simultaneous decrease in the percentage of the young population in modern industrial societies have radically affected the systems that until recently have been relatively stable. Higher life expectancy, the advance of medicine, the decrease in the share of active population and the increasing number of assistance-dependent persons caused changes in family and intergenerational relations (Flaker et al., 2008; Österle, 2011; Leichsenring et al., 2013; Mali, 2013). The ratio of people offering assistance to people receiving assistance has radically changed. As a consequence, the risk of the failure to provide adequate care and support has increased, while at the Innovations in long-term care: The case of old people’s homes in Slovenia","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47721634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Slovenia still belongs to the group of countries with the highest suicide rate in Europe despite its significant but gradual drop in the last two decades from approximately an average of 30 to 20 per 100,000 people.1 Suicide behaviour has merited abundant interest in academic research in Slovenia since the previous century; however, geographic and occupational dimensions of suicide were under-researched. Such is the case of farmers and farm workers who have been globally recognized as one of the riskiest occupational groups in terms of suicide in the last decades (Alston, 2012; Canadian Agricultural Safety Association, 2005; Hawton, Simkin, & Malmberg, 1998; Hirsch & Cukrowicz, 2014; Judd et al., 2006a; Kennedy, Maple, McKay, & Listening to a Silent Crisis: Men’s Suicide in Rural and Farming Communities in Slovenia
斯洛文尼亚仍然是欧洲自杀率最高的国家之一，尽管在过去二十年中自杀率从平均每10万人中约30人逐渐下降到20人；然而，自杀的地理和职业维度研究不足。在过去几十年中，农民和农场工人被全球公认为自杀风险最高的职业群体之一（Alston，2012年；加拿大农业安全协会，2005年；Hawton、Simkin和Malmberg，1998年；Hirsch和Cukrowicz，2014年；Judd等人，2006a；Kennedy、Maple、McKay和Listening to a Silent Crisis：斯洛文尼亚农村和农业社区的男性自杀
{"title":"Listening to a Silent Crisis: Men’s Suicide in Rural and Farming Communities in Slovenia","authors":"Philippe Roy, D. Hočevar","doi":"10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1593","url":null,"abstract":"Slovenia still belongs to the group of countries with the highest suicide rate in Europe despite its significant but gradual drop in the last two decades from approximately an average of 30 to 20 per 100,000 people.1 Suicide behaviour has merited abundant interest in academic research in Slovenia since the previous century; however, geographic and occupational dimensions of suicide were under-researched. Such is the case of farmers and farm workers who have been globally recognized as one of the riskiest occupational groups in terms of suicide in the last decades (Alston, 2012; Canadian Agricultural Safety Association, 2005; Hawton, Simkin, & Malmberg, 1998; Hirsch & Cukrowicz, 2014; Judd et al., 2006a; Kennedy, Maple, McKay, & Listening to a Silent Crisis: Men’s Suicide in Rural and Farming Communities in Slovenia","PeriodicalId":53979,"journal":{"name":"Revija Za Socijalnu Politiku","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3935/rsp.v26i2.1593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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