Globalization has unlocked and exposed domestic and overseas marketers to superior market opportunities. Additionally, it presents consumers worldwide with a vast number of local and foreign brand choices. Indian consumers, also now, have a broader choice of merchandise at their disposal as economic liberalization and privatization along with globalization have reduced the barriers to trade. In such a setting, the concept of consumer ethnocentrism can deliver deep insights about the preference of consumers toward domestic merchandise. The study aims to develop the Indian Consumer Ethnocentrism Scale (ICE-Scale) and validate the same. Data are collected using a structured questionnaire from urban and rural regions. The study constructed the Indian Consumer Ethnocentrism Scale (ICE-Scale), explored its dimensionality on a sample of 450 respondents, and validated the scale with another sample of 450 using exploratory factor analysis. It was established that the ICE-Scale encompasses two dimensions, namely, protective ethnocentrism and patriotic ethnocentrism. Additionally, the validity testing for the proposed scale and both the constructs were conducted through confirmatory factor analysis. The study advances the existing pool of information in the field of international economics, consumer psychology and global marketing. It also assists domestic producers to get an improved understanding of consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies which in turn would assist them in choosing superior marketing strategies and boosting their sales. The study will not only deliver certain social and policymaking insights to the domestic firms and government but also to the foreign firms functioning or planning to operate in India.
全球化为国内和海外的营销人员打开了大门，并使他们获得了更好的市场机会。此外，它还为全球消费者提供了大量的本地和外国品牌选择。随着经济自由化和私有化以及全球化减少了贸易壁垒，印度消费者现在也有了更广泛的商品选择。在这样的背景下，消费者民族中心主义的概念可以对消费者对国内商品的偏好提供深刻的见解。本研究旨在编制印度消费者民族中心主义量表(ice - center Scale)并对其进行验证。数据采用结构化问卷从城市和农村地区收集。本研究构建了印度消费者民族中心主义量表(ICE-Scale)，在450名被调查者的样本上探索了其维度，并利用探索性因子分析对另外450名样本进行了验证。研究发现，ice量表包含两个维度，即保护性民族中心主义和爱国性民族中心主义。此外，通过验证性因子分析对所提出的量表和两个构念进行了效度检验。该研究对国际经济学、消费者心理学和全球营销领域的现有信息库进行了拓展。它还帮助国内生产商更好地了解消费者的种族中心主义倾向，这反过来又有助于他们选择更好的营销战略和促进销售。这项研究不仅将为国内公司和政府提供一定的社会和政策制定见解，也将为在印度运作或计划运营的外国公司提供见解。
{"title":"Construction and Validation of Indian Consumer Ethnocentrism Scale: The Ice-Scale","authors":"Riddhish N. Joshi, Dr. Yogesh C. Joshi","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.58039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.58039","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization has unlocked and exposed domestic and overseas marketers to superior market opportunities. Additionally, it presents consumers worldwide with a vast number of local and foreign brand choices. Indian consumers, also now, have a broader choice of merchandise at their disposal as economic liberalization and privatization along with globalization have reduced the barriers to trade. In such a setting, the concept of consumer ethnocentrism can deliver deep insights about the preference of consumers toward domestic merchandise. The study aims to develop the Indian Consumer Ethnocentrism Scale (ICE-Scale) and validate the same. Data are collected using a structured questionnaire from urban and rural regions. The study constructed the Indian Consumer Ethnocentrism Scale (ICE-Scale), explored its dimensionality on a sample of 450 respondents, and validated the scale with another sample of 450 using exploratory factor analysis. It was established that the ICE-Scale encompasses two dimensions, namely, protective ethnocentrism and patriotic ethnocentrism. Additionally, the validity testing for the proposed scale and both the constructs were conducted through confirmatory factor analysis. The study advances the existing pool of information in the field of international economics, consumer psychology and global marketing. It also assists domestic producers to get an improved understanding of consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies which in turn would assist them in choosing superior marketing strategies and boosting their sales. The study will not only deliver certain social and policymaking insights to the domestic firms and government but also to the foreign firms functioning or planning to operate in India.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"173-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41518974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the relationship between household credit and banking stability in Malaysia using a sample of 37 commercial banks spanning the period from 2008 to 2015. In analyzing household credit’s influence on the Malaysian banking sector’s stability, household credit was categorized into two components, namely mortgage and consumer credit. The Banking Stability Index (BSI) for each bank is constructed using 15 bank-specific variables and some macro-economic variables. The determinants of the BSI are estimated using a static panel data technique. The fixed-effects regression results showed a statistically significant negative relationship between both forms of household credit (mortgage credit and consumer credit) upon the banking sector’s stability. The finding signals that understanding the link between household credit and the Bank Stability Index is crucial to the policymakers and the banks’ management in closely monitoring household credit, particularly mortgage and consumer credit.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Household Credit and Banking Stability in Malaysia: Panel Evidence","authors":"Nurhuda Nizar, Zulkefly Abdul Karim","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.64451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.64451","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the relationship between household credit and banking stability in Malaysia using a sample of 37 commercial banks spanning the period from 2008 to 2015. In analyzing household credit’s influence on the Malaysian banking sector’s stability, household credit was categorized into two components, namely mortgage and consumer credit. The Banking Stability Index (BSI) for each bank is constructed using 15 bank-specific variables and some macro-economic variables. The determinants of the BSI are estimated using a static panel data technique. The fixed-effects regression results showed a statistically significant negative relationship between both forms of household credit (mortgage credit and consumer credit) upon the banking sector’s stability. The finding signals that understanding the link between household credit and the Bank Stability Index is crucial to the policymakers and the banks’ management in closely monitoring household credit, particularly mortgage and consumer credit.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"155-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42518852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been implemented through sponsorships, philanthropy, and cause-related marketing (CRM), amongst which CRM has aroused the interest of many academicians and stakeholders. The study aims to examine the antecedents of cause-related marketing while considering attitude as a mediator to test its relationship with the purchase intention. The snowball sampling technique for data collection was administered to Indian millennial consumers from the regions of Karnataka and Kerala. A total of 313 valid cases were selected for the analysis, which employed partial least squares (PLS) based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings have shown that a positive relationship exists between cause participation and purchase intention. Further, product/cause congruence & consumer/cause identification had a positive impact on attitude, while attitude, in turn, showed a favorable association with the purchase intention. This study disclosed the relative importance of the compatibility between the social causes supported by the company with its engaged business while adopting CRM campaigns, and highlighted the need for the involvement of consumers in the CRM programs for their effectiveness.
{"title":"The Influence of Cause-Related Marketing on Millennials’ Purchase Intentions: Evidence of CSR from an Emerging Economy","authors":"Swapna Shetty, M. Chaudhuri, A. Shetty","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.55069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.55069","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been implemented through sponsorships, philanthropy, and cause-related marketing (CRM), amongst which CRM has aroused the interest of many academicians and stakeholders. The study aims to examine the antecedents of cause-related marketing while considering attitude as a mediator to test its relationship with the purchase intention. The snowball sampling technique for data collection was administered to Indian millennial consumers from the regions of Karnataka and Kerala. A total of 313 valid cases were selected for the analysis, which employed partial least squares (PLS) based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings have shown that a positive relationship exists between cause participation and purchase intention. Further, product/cause congruence & consumer/cause identification had a positive impact on attitude, while attitude, in turn, showed a favorable association with the purchase intention. This study disclosed the relative importance of the compatibility between the social causes supported by the company with its engaged business while adopting CRM campaigns, and highlighted the need for the involvement of consumers in the CRM programs for their effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47668367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ingratubun, Ardika Perdana Fahly, Beny Cahyadie, Nefo Indra Nizara, Raden Ratih Rantini
The ADB takes more than five years to disburse the agreed-upon loan funds after the borrower signs the loan agreements, because of the conditionalities attached to such loans, compared with it only taking one day for commercial banks to release any agreed loans. During this five-year period, the funds stay in the bank and gain compounded interest, disfavoring Indonesia. Development studies have mostly overlooked these gains and their impacts. Knowing that ADB loans cause about 3% of Indonesia’s unemployment, we reviewed the delay’s impacts during a project’s implementation on unemployment involving 325 ADB loan projects, valued at over $33 billion, from 1969 to 2017. We used a non-econometric methodology by adopting the management principles of the project and portfolio. The results show that the ADB’s loans at 1% GDP initially helped Indonesia reduce its unemployment by 30%. However, because of the ADB’s standard implementation of five years, along with an extra two-year delay (seven years in total) we observed shorter unemployment reductions by half, but then reversed, increased and tripled joblessness. This is also causing Indonesia to suffer capital losses of $0.6 to $12 per $1 of loan money, which is equivalent to 4.98% of its GDP because of the delays in the disbursement of the funds. ADB loans have severe negative effects, with over 200% volatility because of the delays. Fixing this is simple but requires a paradigm shift.
{"title":"Dutch Curse on Indonesia: Unemployment by Asian Development Bank (ADB) Loan Projects","authors":"M. Ingratubun, Ardika Perdana Fahly, Beny Cahyadie, Nefo Indra Nizara, Raden Ratih Rantini","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.63409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.63409","url":null,"abstract":"The ADB takes more than five years to disburse the agreed-upon loan funds after the borrower signs the loan agreements, because of the conditionalities attached to such loans, compared with it only taking one day for commercial banks to release any agreed loans. During this five-year period, the funds stay in the bank and gain compounded interest, disfavoring Indonesia. Development studies have mostly overlooked these gains and their impacts. Knowing that ADB loans cause about 3% of Indonesia’s unemployment, we reviewed the delay’s impacts during a project’s implementation on unemployment involving 325 ADB loan projects, valued at over $33 billion, from 1969 to 2017. We used a non-econometric methodology by adopting the management principles of the project and portfolio. The results show that the ADB’s loans at 1% GDP initially helped Indonesia reduce its unemployment by 30%. However, because of the ADB’s standard implementation of five years, along with an extra two-year delay (seven years in total) we observed shorter unemployment reductions by half, but then reversed, increased and tripled joblessness. This is also causing Indonesia to suffer capital losses of $0.6 to $12 per $1 of loan money, which is equivalent to 4.98% of its GDP because of the delays in the disbursement of the funds. ADB loans have severe negative effects, with over 200% volatility because of the delays. Fixing this is simple but requires a paradigm shift.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"113-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46313320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Aldianto, J. Tjakraatmadja, D. Larso, I. Primiana, G. Anggadwita
The measurement of innovation has been developed by various previous studies with a specific focus and goal. However, the existing measurement framework still cannot be applied all that easily by companies in Indonesia for assessing, evaluating, and improving their innovations. This study aims to propose a measurement framework using a multiple case study approach. Cases were selected from companies in the pharmaceutical and information and communications technology (ICT) industries because they contribute substantially to the manufacturing sector and both are vital to Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the measurement model of innovation consists of technological innovation and the management of technological innovation. There are three phases in the technological innovation process which include the initiation phase (conceiving ideas and acquiring information, then transforming it into knowledge), the development phase (validating knowledge and checking its appropriateness), and the diffusion phase (getting users' feedback and Go & scaling up). Meanwhile, the management of technological innovation consists of having a strategy, the necessary resources, and operation. The analytical generalization of this study is still considered to be limited, so further studies are needed to analyze cases in other industrial sectors. In addition, a quantitative study is required to construct a measuring instrument for the variables proposed in this study.
{"title":"A Technological Innovativeness Measurement Framework: A Case Study of Technology Based Indonesian Companies","authors":"L. Aldianto, J. Tjakraatmadja, D. Larso, I. Primiana, G. Anggadwita","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.33105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.33105","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of innovation has been developed by various previous studies with a specific focus and goal. However, the existing measurement framework still cannot be applied all that easily by companies in Indonesia for assessing, evaluating, and improving their innovations. This study aims to propose a measurement framework using a multiple case study approach. Cases were selected from companies in the pharmaceutical and information and communications technology (ICT) industries because they contribute substantially to the manufacturing sector and both are vital to Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the measurement model of innovation consists of technological innovation and the management of technological innovation. There are three phases in the technological innovation process which include the initiation phase (conceiving ideas and acquiring information, then transforming it into knowledge), the development phase (validating knowledge and checking its appropriateness), and the diffusion phase (getting users' feedback and Go & scaling up). Meanwhile, the management of technological innovation consists of having a strategy, the necessary resources, and operation. The analytical generalization of this study is still considered to be limited, so further studies are needed to analyze cases in other industrial sectors. In addition, a quantitative study is required to construct a measuring instrument for the variables proposed in this study.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"91-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44111575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of the study is to identify what Malaysian IPO issuers indicate as intended use of IPO proceeds and the use that has the highest amount of allocation. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a manual content analysis of 221 IPO prospectuses issued during the period of 2005-2015 were considered. Based on the manual content analysis, the data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that the three major intended uses of IPO proceeds in Malaysian IPO market are growth opportunities (53.90%), debt repayment (29.12%) and working capital (12.87%). However, growth opportunities and debt repayment have greater amount of allocation than working capital over the sample periods. Additionally results show that Malaysian IPO issuers expend more on capital expenditure and expansion rather than research and development in terms of growth opportunities. Further analysis in terms of the frequencies of number of IPO issuers indicate that number of issuers that have a designated amount for working capital (95%) supersede issuers in the growth opportunities group (90%). These results suggest that issuers can consider intended use of IPO proceeds information as a signal mechanism and potential investors can as well consider the information useful before making their investment decisions.
{"title":"Decomposition of intended use of IPO proceeds: Evidence from Malaysia","authors":"B. Badru","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.34872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.34872","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the study is to identify what Malaysian IPO issuers indicate as intended use of IPO proceeds and the use that has the highest amount of allocation. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a manual content analysis of 221 IPO prospectuses issued during the period of 2005-2015 were considered. Based on the manual content analysis, the data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that the three major intended uses of IPO proceeds in Malaysian IPO market are growth opportunities (53.90%), debt repayment (29.12%) and working capital (12.87%). However, growth opportunities and debt repayment have greater amount of allocation than working capital over the sample periods. Additionally results show that Malaysian IPO issuers expend more on capital expenditure and expansion rather than research and development in terms of growth opportunities. Further analysis in terms of the frequencies of number of IPO issuers indicate that number of issuers that have a designated amount for working capital (95%) supersede issuers in the growth opportunities group (90%). These results suggest that issuers can consider intended use of IPO proceeds information as a signal mechanism and potential investors can as well consider the information useful before making their investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44830126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study draws from the contingency theory and the resource-based view to propose that the prospector strategy mediates the link between market orientation and small businesses’ performance. Data were collected from 161 small businesses located in Vietnam and PLS-SEM was used to assess the research’s framework. The results reveal that the prospector strategy fully mediates the link between market orientation and the performance of small businesses located in Vietnam. This study suggests that the owners should follow the prospector strategy when their small businesses follow market-oriented approaches to find the performance implications of their businesses. This study contributes to the strategic management literature by showing that the prospector strategy must be considered when assessing the positive effects of market orientation on performance. This study also overcomes the prior strategic management studies’ limitations relating to the proposals of the analytic framework to assess strategic fits by using the Cartesian contingency framework. Lastly, this study advances our knowledge of the contingency theory in the context of small businesses. The results should be interpreted with due concern for the generalized issues, lack of a pilot test, and low response rate.
{"title":"How market orientation induces small business performance: The role of strategic fits","authors":"Quang-Huy Ngo","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.60623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.60623","url":null,"abstract":"This study draws from the contingency theory and the resource-based view to propose that the prospector strategy mediates the link between market orientation and small businesses’ performance. Data were collected from 161 small businesses located in Vietnam and PLS-SEM was used to assess the research’s framework. The results reveal that the prospector strategy fully mediates the link between market orientation and the performance of small businesses located in Vietnam. This study suggests that the owners should follow the prospector strategy when their small businesses follow market-oriented approaches to find the performance implications of their businesses. This study contributes to the strategic management literature by showing that the prospector strategy must be considered when assessing the positive effects of market orientation on performance. This study also overcomes the prior strategic management studies’ limitations relating to the proposals of the analytic framework to assess strategic fits by using the Cartesian contingency framework. Lastly, this study advances our knowledge of the contingency theory in the context of small businesses. The results should be interpreted with due concern for the generalized issues, lack of a pilot test, and low response rate.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47193314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sania Noreen, Q. Nisar, Shahbaz Haider, Tan Fee Yean
Everyone has to manage the emotions during their interaction with others; similar case is with the leaders in organizations. Leaders’ actively and continually regulate their emotional state. The crucial role of emotions in interactional process as well in decision making triggers leaders to be vigilant about their emotional labor strategies. Thus emotional labor has become an emerging construct in leadership domain. This study has collected data from 250 doctors working in private and public hospitals in Gujranwala. Findings demonstrated leaders’ deep acting as well as displaying natural emotions are positively associated with job satisfaction and negatively associated with leaders’ emotional exhaustion. Moreover, surface acting has significant positive relationship with leaders’ emotional exhaustion and negative relationship with leaders’ job satisfaction. Psychological capital significantly moderated the relationship between leaders’ emotional labor strategies, leaders’ job satisfaction and leaders’ emotional exhaustion.
{"title":"Role of Leaders’ Emotional Labor toward Leader’s Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion: Moderating Role of Psychological Capital","authors":"Sania Noreen, Q. Nisar, Shahbaz Haider, Tan Fee Yean","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.53996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.53996","url":null,"abstract":"Everyone has to manage the emotions during their interaction with others; similar case is with the leaders in organizations. Leaders’ actively and continually regulate their emotional state. The crucial role of emotions in interactional process as well in decision making triggers leaders to be vigilant about their emotional labor strategies. Thus emotional labor has become an emerging construct in leadership domain. This study has collected data from 250 doctors working in private and public hospitals in Gujranwala. Findings demonstrated leaders’ deep acting as well as displaying natural emotions are positively associated with job satisfaction and negatively associated with leaders’ emotional exhaustion. Moreover, surface acting has significant positive relationship with leaders’ emotional exhaustion and negative relationship with leaders’ job satisfaction. Psychological capital significantly moderated the relationship between leaders’ emotional labor strategies, leaders’ job satisfaction and leaders’ emotional exhaustion.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"36-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46575228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are countless studies about the influence of other people’s emotions on individuals' behavior. However, the influence of proponents' and opponents' future emotions on achievement motivation remains unclear. This study aims to fill this gap. Therefore, departing from the emotional intelligence theory, the author materializes the anticipated emotions of other people concept and tests it using a static group experimental design with success and failure scenarios, involving 203 participants chosen judgmentally. When reminded of the proponents' joyfulness caused by their success, the Mann-Whitney U test with normal approximation, supported by the Monte Carlo estimation, shows that the mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals of the experimental group are enhanced. Whereas, when reminded that they would be envied and make the opponents feel distressed, the performance-approach goals are improved. In the failure scenario, when the participants were directed to the proponents' distress, as a response to their failure, the four components of the achievement goals are increased: mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance. However, the opponents' joyfulness, anticipated as a malicious schadenfreude to the participants' failure, is only successful in stimulating the performance-avoidance goals. A Bayesian estimate with 5,000 times bootstrapping reveals that self-efficacy mediates the influence of the proponents' anticipated joyfulness on the mastery-approach fully, and on the performance-approach goals in a complementary way. Complementary mediation is also apparent in the impact of the proponents' distress on the mastery-approach and mastery-avoidance goals. Above all, love for the proponents is more potent than hatred from social environments for increasing the achievement motivation. Further research is encouraged to replicate this study with different social behavior.
{"title":"How Proponents and Opponents Influence Achievement Motivation: The Role of the Anticipated Emotions of Other People","authors":"Bilson Simamora","doi":"10.22146/GAMAIJB.44042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/GAMAIJB.44042","url":null,"abstract":"There are countless studies about the influence of other people’s emotions on individuals' behavior. However, the influence of proponents' and opponents' future emotions on achievement motivation remains unclear. This study aims to fill this gap. Therefore, departing from the emotional intelligence theory, the author materializes the anticipated emotions of other people concept and tests it using a static group experimental design with success and failure scenarios, involving 203 participants chosen judgmentally. When reminded of the proponents' joyfulness caused by their success, the Mann-Whitney U test with normal approximation, supported by the Monte Carlo estimation, shows that the mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals of the experimental group are enhanced. Whereas, when reminded that they would be envied and make the opponents feel distressed, the performance-approach goals are improved. In the failure scenario, when the participants were directed to the proponents' distress, as a response to their failure, the four components of the achievement goals are increased: mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance. However, the opponents' joyfulness, anticipated as a malicious schadenfreude to the participants' failure, is only successful in stimulating the performance-avoidance goals. A Bayesian estimate with 5,000 times bootstrapping reveals that self-efficacy mediates the influence of the proponents' anticipated joyfulness on the mastery-approach fully, and on the performance-approach goals in a complementary way. Complementary mediation is also apparent in the impact of the proponents' distress on the mastery-approach and mastery-avoidance goals. Above all, love for the proponents is more potent than hatred from social environments for increasing the achievement motivation. Further research is encouraged to replicate this study with different social behavior.","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42114689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to assess the solutions that have been implemented in Vietnam to deal with non-performing loan(s) (NPLs) in the banking system. By trying to build evaluation criteria through a literature review and an expert survey, as well as using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), this research measures the effectiveness of the resolution of NPLs in Vietnam through many factors. The empirical results show that, in the past, the banking system in Vietnam has not dealt very well with bad debt, as it mostly uses traditional methods such as NPL write-offs by loan loss reserves or the liquidation of collateral. Based on our consideration of the NPLs’ resolutions that the Vietnamese banking system has implemented recently, we propose some suggestions to improve the necessary conditions for applying more market-based solutions, such as debt-equity swaps and securitization to thoroughly resolve the NPLs in Vietnam
{"title":"Dealing With Non-Performing Loans During The Bank Restructuring Process in Vietnam: Assessment Using The AHP and TOPSIS Methods","authors":"A. Tran, N. Nguyen, T. Tran","doi":"10.22146/gamaijb.44453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.44453","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to assess the solutions that have been implemented in Vietnam to deal with non-performing loan(s) (NPLs) in the banking system. By trying to build evaluation criteria through a literature review and an expert survey, as well as using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), this research measures the effectiveness of the resolution of NPLs in Vietnam through many factors. The empirical results show that, in the past, the banking system in Vietnam has not dealt very well with bad debt, as it mostly uses traditional methods such as NPL write-offs by loan loss reserves or the liquidation of collateral. Based on our consideration of the NPLs’ resolutions that the Vietnamese banking system has implemented recently, we propose some suggestions to improve the necessary conditions for applying more market-based solutions, such as debt-equity swaps and securitization to thoroughly resolve the NPLs in Vietnam","PeriodicalId":54086,"journal":{"name":"Gadjah Mada international journal of business","volume":"22 1","pages":"323-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42631956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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