Abstract Interpreting scholars claim that mind mapping can be used pedagogically to enhance trainees’ interpreting-specific listening skills. However, so far relevant empirical studies have been rare. A single-group post and retrospective self-assessment design was used to examine student interpreters’ attitudes towards the use of mind mapping in teaching listening for interpreting and its effectiveness. Eighty-two students were involved as participants. An instruction experience questionnaire was administered at the end of the pedagogical intervention to examine their attitudes towards the mind mapping exercise. Two self-assessments of knowledge and skills were conducted at the end of the pedagogical intervention to investigate their pre-test post-test gains. One was a retrospective self-assessment about their competence before the exercise (then self-assessment) and the other was a post self-assessment about their competence after the exercise (now self-assessment). The results indicate that the participants perceived mind mapping as a positive learning experience and that it was effective in developing students’ interpreting-specific listening knowledge and skills.
{"title":"Teaching listening for interpreting through mind mapping","authors":"Xiangdong Li","doi":"10.1075/resla.21037.li","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/resla.21037.li","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Interpreting scholars claim that mind mapping can be used pedagogically to enhance trainees’ interpreting-specific listening skills. However, so far relevant empirical studies have been rare. A single-group post and retrospective self-assessment design was used to examine student interpreters’ attitudes towards the use of mind mapping in teaching listening for interpreting and its effectiveness. Eighty-two students were involved as participants. An instruction experience questionnaire was administered at the end of the pedagogical intervention to examine their attitudes towards the mind mapping exercise. Two self-assessments of knowledge and skills were conducted at the end of the pedagogical intervention to investigate their pre-test post-test gains. One was a retrospective self-assessment about their competence before the exercise (then self-assessment) and the other was a post self-assessment about their competence after the exercise (now self-assessment). The results indicate that the participants perceived mind mapping as a positive learning experience and that it was effective in developing students’ interpreting-specific listening knowledge and skills.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen En este artículo se aboga por la inclusión de la elipsis verbal y nominal en el aula de español para extranjeros, principalmente en niveles intermedios y avanzados. Un análisis cualitativo de libros de texto y manuales de gramática del español revela que los procesos de elipsis se ignoran frecuentemente en este tipo de materiales didácticos. Se presenta una descripción lingüística sucinta de los principales procesos elípticos en español (elipsis verbal, nominal, fragmentos y anáfora de complemento nulo) y se propone una serie de actividades didácticas de muestra para la práctica de estas construcciones y su inclusión en materiales pedagógicos. Al mismo tiempo, se defiende la importancia de la llamada gramática del discurso y de los mecanismos de coherencia y cohesión discursiva, de los que la elipsis es un ejemplo, en la construcción del discurso complejo y, en consecuencia, en la enseñanza integral del español como segunda lengua.
{"title":"Sobre la enseñanza de la elisión sintáctica en la clase de gramática del español como lengua extranjera o segunda (ELE/L2)","authors":"Iker Zulaica Hernández","doi":"10.1075/resla.20037.zul","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/resla.20037.zul","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen En este artículo se aboga por la inclusión de la elipsis verbal y nominal en el aula de español para extranjeros, principalmente en niveles intermedios y avanzados. Un análisis cualitativo de libros de texto y manuales de gramática del español revela que los procesos de elipsis se ignoran frecuentemente en este tipo de materiales didácticos. Se presenta una descripción lingüística sucinta de los principales procesos elípticos en español (elipsis verbal, nominal, fragmentos y anáfora de complemento nulo) y se propone una serie de actividades didácticas de muestra para la práctica de estas construcciones y su inclusión en materiales pedagógicos. Al mismo tiempo, se defiende la importancia de la llamada gramática del discurso y de los mecanismos de coherencia y cohesión discursiva, de los que la elipsis es un ejemplo, en la construcción del discurso complejo y, en consecuencia, en la enseñanza integral del español como segunda lengua.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study examines the influence of task complexity on collaborative dialogue and written texts with lower proficiency learners of Spanish. English-speaking students of Spanish from two intact classrooms ( N = 24) were assigned to a simple or a complex writing group. In dyads, learners completed two information-exchange tasks that differed in complexity and produced two collaborative texts, on two separate days. Interactions produced during the writing tasks were transcribed and coded for collaborative dialogue, operationalized as language-related episodes. Written texts were rated holistically for originality, engageability, and quality. Results show that collaborative dialogue about lexis was most frequent, regardless of the task complexity. Further, increases in task complexity appeared to have influenced opportunities for collaborative dialogue and for the production of more engaging texts. Results are discussed in light of current scholarship on collaborative writing and insights are offered on the value of implementing writing tasks with lower proficiency learners.
{"title":"Engaging lower proficiency learners of Spanish in collaborative writing tasks","authors":"Caroline Payant, Derek Reagan","doi":"10.1075/resla.21019.pay","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/resla.21019.pay","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines the influence of task complexity on collaborative dialogue and written texts with lower proficiency learners of Spanish. English-speaking students of Spanish from two intact classrooms ( N = 24) were assigned to a simple or a complex writing group. In dyads, learners completed two information-exchange tasks that differed in complexity and produced two collaborative texts, on two separate days. Interactions produced during the writing tasks were transcribed and coded for collaborative dialogue, operationalized as language-related episodes. Written texts were rated holistically for originality, engageability, and quality. Results show that collaborative dialogue about lexis was most frequent, regardless of the task complexity. Further, increases in task complexity appeared to have influenced opportunities for collaborative dialogue and for the production of more engaging texts. Results are discussed in light of current scholarship on collaborative writing and insights are offered on the value of implementing writing tasks with lower proficiency learners.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen Las canciones son un area de especial interes para el estudio de las ideologias de genero. La musica no es sexista, pero sus letras si pueden presentar contenidos que resultan problematicos desde la perspectiva de genero. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un analisis critico del discurso feminista de la cancion Blurred Lines (2013) interpretada por R. Thicke, haciendo especial hincapie en el estudio de las metaforas conceptuales tal y como se manifiestan en su estructura linguistica. Se trata de una cancion que ha cosechado un innegable exito a nivel social, pero que tambien ha sido objeto de controversia y criticas negativas. El analisis llevado a cabo nos ha permitido mostrar como esta cancion transmite valores que pueden contribuir a consolidar y perpetuar ideologias que promueven la desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres y el sexismo.
{"title":"Blurred lines: Un análisis crítico del discurso feminista","authors":"María Dolores Casado Maestre","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.18035.LOP","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.18035.LOP","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Las canciones son un area de especial interes para el estudio de las ideologias de genero. La musica no es sexista, pero sus letras si pueden presentar contenidos que resultan problematicos desde la perspectiva de genero. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un analisis critico del discurso feminista de la cancion Blurred Lines (2013) interpretada por R. Thicke, haciendo especial hincapie en el estudio de las metaforas conceptuales tal y como se manifiestan en su estructura linguistica. Se trata de una cancion que ha cosechado un innegable exito a nivel social, pero que tambien ha sido objeto de controversia y criticas negativas. El analisis llevado a cabo nos ha permitido mostrar como esta cancion transmite valores que pueden contribuir a consolidar y perpetuar ideologias que promueven la desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres y el sexismo.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77635916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the effect of explicit phonological instruction on the acquisition of variable /s/ voicing in Spanish by advanced Hungarian learners. Hungarian and Spanish have very similar yet not identical voicing assimilation (VA) systems; the most important difference lies in the pre-sonorant context as sonorant consonants trigger voicing assimilation in Spanish but not in Hungarian. Data were collected in acoustic experiments from 7 native speakers of Northern Peninsular Spanish and 12 Hungarian university students, advanced learners of Spanish. The latter group was tested twice: before and after a three-month Spanish phonetics and phonology course. Our data reveals that this amount of instruction is not enough for L2 speakers to overcome their L1 VA system, which might be attributed in part to the variable, allophonic nature of the process, the similarity between the two languages’ VA systems and lack of exposure to the relevant dialect.
{"title":"The acquisition of voicing assimilation by advanced Hungarian learners of Spanish","authors":"Zsuzsanna Bárkányi","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.17016.BAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.17016.BAR","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of explicit phonological instruction on the acquisition of variable /s/ voicing in Spanish by advanced Hungarian learners. Hungarian and Spanish have very similar yet not identical voicing assimilation (VA) systems; the most important difference lies in the pre-sonorant context as sonorant consonants trigger voicing assimilation in Spanish but not in Hungarian. Data were collected in acoustic experiments from 7 native speakers of Northern Peninsular Spanish and 12 Hungarian university students, advanced learners of Spanish. The latter group was tested twice: before and after a three-month Spanish phonetics and phonology course. Our data reveals that this amount of instruction is not enough for L2 speakers to overcome their L1 VA system, which might be attributed in part to the variable, allophonic nature of the process, the similarity between the two languages’ VA systems and lack of exposure to the relevant dialect.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78530324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One dimension of knowing a word is recognizing its structure. Previous research, mostly on L2 English, has revealed a close link between derivational knowledge (DK) and vocabulary size. Nevertheless, the degree of the relationship as well as the effect of the learner’s L1 vary among these studies. The present study analyzes the development of DK in L1 English learners of L2 Spanish (n = 209) taking university level courses from second to seventh semester at a US institution. The measurements explore the complex nature of DK – i.e., relational, syntactic and distributional knowledge – in both receptive and productive mode. Results showed that proficiency rather than vocabulary size, i.e., knowledge of monomorphemic words, contributes to DK. While a full receptive knowledge of some suffixes can be acquired relatively early, this is not the case for productive knowledge. This study also provides some tools to measure DK without resorting to metalanguage.
{"title":"Analyzing the relationship and development of proficiency, derivational knowledge, and vocabulary size in Spanish L2 learners","authors":"Nausica Marcos Miguel","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.16027.MAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.16027.MAR","url":null,"abstract":"One dimension of knowing a word is recognizing its structure. Previous research, mostly on L2 English, has revealed a close link between derivational knowledge (DK) and vocabulary size. Nevertheless, the degree of the relationship as well as the effect of the learner’s L1 vary among these studies. The present study analyzes the development of DK in L1 English learners of L2 Spanish (n = 209) taking university level courses from second to seventh semester at a US institution. The measurements explore the complex nature of DK – i.e., relational, syntactic and distributional knowledge – in both receptive and productive mode. Results showed that proficiency rather than vocabulary size, i.e., knowledge of monomorphemic words, contributes to DK. While a full receptive knowledge of some suffixes can be acquired relatively early, this is not the case for productive knowledge. This study also provides some tools to measure DK without resorting to metalanguage.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80643304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the institutional dimensions of specialised translation in Spain: hybridity, globalisation, and ethics","authors":"José Santaemilia-Ruiz, Sergio Maruenda-Bataller","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.00001.SAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.00001.SAN","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83679001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-23DOI: 10.1075/RESLA.30.1.02ROS
Maritza Rosas Maldonado
This study investigates the effects of Spanish L2 learners’ proficiency levels on their use of communication strategies in face-to-face interactions. Spoken data was elicited by means of a task-based methodology from different level learners in interaction with other learners and Spanish NSs. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted to investigate a possible association between the learners’ proficiency levels and their communication strategy use. The analysis drew on Dӧrnyei & Kӧrmos’ (1998) taxonomy. Findings indicate a higher strategy use in beginner levels, and their tendency to tackle lexis-related problems, as well as less complex grammatical features of the language. Higher level learners, however, focused more on grammar-related problems, as well as on more complex aspects of the target language.
{"title":"The effects of proficiency on Spanish L2 learners' strategic communication","authors":"Maritza Rosas Maldonado","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.30.1.02ROS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.30.1.02ROS","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effects of Spanish L2 learners’ proficiency levels on their use of communication strategies in face-to-face interactions. Spoken data was elicited by means of a task-based methodology from different level learners in interaction with other learners and Spanish NSs. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted to investigate a possible association between the learners’ proficiency levels and their communication strategy use. The analysis drew on Dӧrnyei & Kӧrmos’ (1998) taxonomy. Findings indicate a higher strategy use in beginner levels, and their tendency to tackle lexis-related problems, as well as less complex grammatical features of the language. Higher level learners, however, focused more on grammar-related problems, as well as on more complex aspects of the target language.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77320148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-23DOI: 10.1075/RESLA.30.1.06FER
Raquel Fernández Fuertes, Esther Álvarez de la Fuente
Research on the acquisition of two first languages from birth (2L1A) has focused, among other issues, on how the grammars of the two languages being acquired interact (e.g. Bhatia & Ritchie, 2012 ; De Houwer, 2009 ; Deuchar & Quay, 2000 ; Dopke, 2000 ; Koppe & Meisel, 1995 ). A case in point is natural interpreting which evidences how bilingual children exposed to two languages from birth deal with the grammatical properties of the two languages and how this leads them to potentially convey the same message in either (or both) of these languages. More specifically, as part of the simultaneous processing of their two L1s, 2L1 bilingual children have been reported to often translate between their two L1s ( Alvarez de la Fuente & Fernandez Fuertes, 2012 , 2015 ; Cossato, 2008 ; Harris, 1980a , 1980b ; Harris & Sherwood, 1978 ), a phenomenon that has been called natural interpreting ( Harris, 1977 , 2003). In this respect, natural interpreting can be included with other language contact phenomena, such as interlinguistic influence or code-switching, as a typical defining property of 2L1A. Therefore, in this study we aim to offer an analysis of the way in which Spanish-English bilingual children use natural interpreting in their 2L1A process by focusing on the Spanish-English bilingual corpora freely available through the CHILDES project ( MacWhinney, 2000 ).
{"title":"The acquisition of Spanish and English as two first languages through the analysis of natural interpreting in bilingual children","authors":"Raquel Fernández Fuertes, Esther Álvarez de la Fuente","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.30.1.06FER","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.30.1.06FER","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the acquisition of two first languages from birth (2L1A) has focused, among other issues, on how the grammars of the two languages being acquired interact (e.g. Bhatia & Ritchie, 2012 ; De Houwer, 2009 ; Deuchar & Quay, 2000 ; Dopke, 2000 ; Koppe & Meisel, 1995 ). A case in point is natural interpreting which evidences how bilingual children exposed to two languages from birth deal with the grammatical properties of the two languages and how this leads them to potentially convey the same message in either (or both) of these languages. More specifically, as part of the simultaneous processing of their two L1s, 2L1 bilingual children have been reported to often translate between their two L1s ( Alvarez de la Fuente & Fernandez Fuertes, 2012 , 2015 ; Cossato, 2008 ; Harris, 1980a , 1980b ; Harris & Sherwood, 1978 ), a phenomenon that has been called natural interpreting ( Harris, 1977 , 2003). In this respect, natural interpreting can be included with other language contact phenomena, such as interlinguistic influence or code-switching, as a typical defining property of 2L1A. Therefore, in this study we aim to offer an analysis of the way in which Spanish-English bilingual children use natural interpreting in their 2L1A process by focusing on the Spanish-English bilingual corpora freely available through the CHILDES project ( MacWhinney, 2000 ).","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76822475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-23DOI: 10.1075/RESLA.30.1.04CRE
Eliecer Crespo-Fernández, Carmen Luján-García
Among those areas linked to the forbidden, homosexuality has traditionally met one of the strongest interdictions. Given the taboo nature of homosexuality, it is our purpose in this paper to gain an insight into the axiological values that anglicisms present in the Spanish homosexual vocabulary. The analysis of the different types of anglicisms in a sample of 253 English borrowings reveals that pure anglicisms (including clippings and initialisms) are the most frequently used, followed by pseudoanglicisms. Calques, hybrids and adapted anglicisms are used less often to refer to homosexuality. The research carried out reveals that anglicized units perform different X-phemistic functions in homosexual discourse: not only that of softening or avoiding the use of a taboo term in Spanish but also displaying in-group solidarity or referring to homosexuality disparagingly. Homosexual-related anglicisms promote innovative uses of the Spanish language and provide evidence of a special kind of language used by homosexuals.
{"title":"Anglicisms and word axiology in homosexual language","authors":"Eliecer Crespo-Fernández, Carmen Luján-García","doi":"10.1075/RESLA.30.1.04CRE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/RESLA.30.1.04CRE","url":null,"abstract":"Among those areas linked to the forbidden, homosexuality has traditionally met one of the strongest interdictions. Given the taboo nature of homosexuality, it is our purpose in this paper to gain an insight into the axiological values that anglicisms present in the Spanish homosexual vocabulary. The analysis of the different types of anglicisms in a sample of 253 English borrowings reveals that pure anglicisms (including clippings and initialisms) are the most frequently used, followed by pseudoanglicisms. Calques, hybrids and adapted anglicisms are used less often to refer to homosexuality. The research carried out reveals that anglicized units perform different X-phemistic functions in homosexual discourse: not only that of softening or avoiding the use of a taboo term in Spanish but also displaying in-group solidarity or referring to homosexuality disparagingly. Homosexual-related anglicisms promote innovative uses of the Spanish language and provide evidence of a special kind of language used by homosexuals.","PeriodicalId":54145,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Linguistica Aplicada","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74921576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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