Pub Date : 2013-12-02DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.4.3
P. Rácz, András Shepácz
The aim of this paper is to report on an experiment designed to evaluate the perception of high frequency sibilant articulations in Hungarian male speech and to theorise on the results. The main findings of the experiment are that the Hungarian listeners rate high frequency sibilants with femininity. These findings suggest that there is at least some social awareness of sibilant frequency in Hungarian. What follows from this is, in turn, that the sociolinguistic salience of sibilants as a variable is not confined to dialects of English, where the phenomenon has been most thoroughly described and discussed.
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This study explores the (re)creation of cohesion in the English translations of Hungarian news stories. It reveals the quantity and quality of shifts of cohesion and the extent to which these are influenced by the differences between the languages, the stereotypical features of the kind of translation (news translation) and the genre (news story). Results indicate no significant quantitative shifts in translation; the in-depth analysis of the corpus, on the other hand, shows considerable qualitative shifts, some of which (optional shifts in particular) modify news contents. The paper also investigates the validity of the explicitation and the repetition avoidance hypotheses regarded as universals of translation.
{"title":"Cohesion and news translation","authors":"Krisztina Karoly, Henrietta Ábrányi, Szilvia Kovalik Deák, Ágnes Laszkács, A. Mészáros, Márta Seresi","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the (re)creation of cohesion in the English translations of Hungarian news stories. It reveals the quantity and quality of shifts of cohesion and the extent to which these are influenced by the differences between the languages, the stereotypical features of the kind of translation (news translation) and the genre (news story). Results indicate no significant quantitative shifts in translation; the in-depth analysis of the corpus, on the other hand, shows considerable qualitative shifts, some of which (optional shifts in particular) modify news contents. The paper also investigates the validity of the explicitation and the repetition avoidance hypotheses regarded as universals of translation.","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"365-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.4.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.1556/aling.60.2013.4.2
Haiping Long
In this paper we argue that Mandarin VdeO focus clefts (e.g., Tā shi zuo huŏchē qu de Běijīng ‘It was by train that he went to Beijing’ and Shi tā zuo huŏchē qu de Běijīng ‘It was he who went to Beijing by train’) originate from bi-clausal copulative constructions in Early Modern Chinese with the interaction between particular word order (SVO order, but the relative clause before the head noun) and the adjacency effect commonly observed in the focus clefts of SVO languages. The adjacency effect is locally constrained by the presupposition effect of the particular relative clause to produce a special head-noun focus cleft in Mandarin (Tā shi qu de Běijīng ‘It was Beijing that he went to’). The past time meaning, the negation restriction, and the TAM (tense, aspect, and modality) restrictions that Mandarin VdeO focus clefts exhibit all come from the syntactic requirement that O in a Mandarin VdeO focus cleft should be specific in reference.
邻接效应局部受特定关系从句的预设效应制约，在普通话中产生特殊的头名焦点裂(Tā shi qu de b ij ā ng ' It was Beijing that he went to ')。普通话视频焦点裂口所表现出的过去时意义、否定限制和TAM(时态、aspect、情态)限制，都来自于汉语视频焦点裂口中的“O”必须有具体的指称的句法要求。
{"title":"On the formation of MandarinVdeO focus clefts","authors":"Haiping Long","doi":"10.1556/aling.60.2013.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/aling.60.2013.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we argue that Mandarin VdeO focus clefts (e.g., Tā shi zuo huŏchē qu de Běijīng ‘It was by train that he went to Beijing’ and Shi tā zuo huŏchē qu de Běijīng ‘It was he who went to Beijing by train’) originate from bi-clausal copulative constructions in Early Modern Chinese with the interaction between particular word order (SVO order, but the relative clause before the head noun) and the adjacency effect commonly observed in the focus clefts of SVO languages. The adjacency effect is locally constrained by the presupposition effect of the particular relative clause to produce a special head-noun focus cleft in Mandarin (Tā shi qu de Běijīng ‘It was Beijing that he went to’). The past time meaning, the negation restriction, and the TAM (tense, aspect, and modality) restrictions that Mandarin VdeO focus clefts exhibit all come from the syntactic requirement that O in a Mandarin VdeO focus cleft should be specific in reference.","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"409-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/aling.60.2013.4.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-29DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.2
Ludovico Franco
In this paper, I will present a cross-linguistic analysis of the syntax of items signalling temporal distance. Based on insight from cartography and nanosyntax, I will argue that the mechanism of Phrasal Spell-out (and the Superset Principle) can elegantly explain why in many language ‘before’ and ‘ago’ meanings are expressed with the same word. I will present a previously unnoticed *ABA constraint (cf. Caha 2009; Bobaljik 2012) on lexical spans in the domain of temporal distance. The *ABA pattern will be crucial to account for possible counterexamples of Haspelmath’s (1997) fairly robust descriptive generalization,which states that forms expressing spatial relations of ‘front’ and ‘back’ regularly express anteriority and posteriority respectively, across languages when they are “shifted” from space to time (namely, before ≈ in front; after ≈ back).
{"title":"Before strikes back","authors":"Ludovico Franco","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I will present a cross-linguistic analysis of the syntax of items signalling temporal distance. Based on insight from cartography and nanosyntax, I will argue that the mechanism of Phrasal Spell-out (and the Superset Principle) can elegantly explain why in many language ‘before’ and ‘ago’ meanings are expressed with the same word. I will present a previously unnoticed *ABA constraint (cf. Caha 2009; Bobaljik 2012) on lexical spans in the domain of temporal distance. The *ABA pattern will be crucial to account for possible counterexamples of Haspelmath’s (1997) fairly robust descriptive generalization,which states that forms expressing spatial relations of ‘front’ and ‘back’ regularly express anteriority and posteriority respectively, across languages when they are “shifted” from space to time (namely, before ≈ in front; after ≈ back).","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"265-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-29DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.1
A. Cser
This paper examines the phonological entities called labiovelar stops in Classical Latin. The status of these entities involves the question whether they are segments (i.e., labiovelar stops) or clusters (i.e., sequences of a stop and a glide). The arguments for either position are discussed in detail and the literature is critically reviewed. The types of evidence that are taken into account are facts of frequency, phonetics, phonotactics, alternations and a specific assimilation process, and certain diachronic points are also considered. The conclusion is that the balance tilts slightly, but not definitively, towards the cluster interpretation.
{"title":"Segmental identity and the issue of complex segments","authors":"A. Cser","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the phonological entities called labiovelar stops in Classical Latin. The status of these entities involves the question whether they are segments (i.e., labiovelar stops) or clusters (i.e., sequences of a stop and a glide). The arguments for either position are discussed in detail and the literature is critically reviewed. The types of evidence that are taken into account are facts of frequency, phonetics, phonotactics, alternations and a specific assimilation process, and certain diachronic points are also considered. The conclusion is that the balance tilts slightly, but not definitively, towards the cluster interpretation.","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"247-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-01DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.3.3
Barbara Ürögdi
This paper is devoted to untangling some of the cross-linguistic puzzles that are associated with temporal adverbial clauses in general, and until-clauses in particular. After a brief introduction to the issues raised by the construction in Hungarian, the paper presents an overview of the complexities of until-clauses and prior attempts at analyzing these. Then, an account that was first proposed in MacDonald & Urogdi (2009a;b; 2011) for English is presented, and it is argued that until-constructions do not require any of the special machinery that has been proposed to explain their behavior. The analysis outlined accounts for the properties of temporal adverbials formed with until and for without reference to auxiliary concepts like “expletive negation” and “stativizing negation”. After this detour into English, we return to Hungarian, where until-clauses present a more complex picture than they do in Germanic, and we see how even these data can be accounted for without special stipulations. Finally, the...
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Pub Date : 2013-06-27DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.2
K. Kiss, Mátyás Gerőcs, T. Zétényi
This paper presents the results of two sentence-picture matching experiments investigating how Hungarian preschoolers interpret doubly quantified sentences involving numerical quantifiers. We claim that for Hungarian children, scope interpretation is primarily determined by the structure of the visual representation of the event associated with the given sentence. We found in a series of previous experiments that children’s preferred scope order cannot be derived from either the linear order of quantifiers, or from any other linguistic factor, but seems to be affected by visual cues provided by the picture stimuli. In this follow-up study, we tested two hypotheses, namely: (i) children assign wide scope to the set whose elements are more salient in the visual representation; (ii) children choose the scope interpretation whose visual representation is easier to chunk into identical subevents. The results confirm hypothesis (ii). This converges with the results of former experiments testing children’s inter...
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Pub Date : 2013-06-27DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.3
Saara Huhmarniemi, Pauli Brattico
Theories of A′-movement can be classified on the basis of how they relate primary movement (movement to the final scope position) to secondary movement (intermediate movement). The standard view maintains that primary movement and secondary movement are motivated and triggered by different grammatical factors. For instance, it can be assumed that primary movement is what ultimately drives syntactic operations while secondary operations have a supporting auxiliary role and serve as a partial implementation of primary movement. Some recent hypotheses, such as Chomsky’s edge feature (EF) hypothesis, have opened up the possibility of narrowing the gap between these two operations. Here we argue on the basis of Finnish wh-movement that there is no difference between primary and secondary A′-movement; they have exactly the same triggers and constraints, in addition to having other properties in common. We develop a theory of A′-movement that relies on a discourse-active edge feature at a phrase/phase head.
A ' -运动理论可以根据它们如何将初级运动(运动到最终范围位置)与次级运动(中间运动)联系起来进行分类。标准观点认为，初级运动和次级运动是由不同的语法因素激发和触发的。例如，可以假设主要移动最终驱动语法操作，而次要操作具有辅助作用，并作为主要移动的部分实现。最近的一些假设，如乔姆斯基的边缘特征(EF)假设，为缩小这两种操作之间的差距提供了可能性。本文以芬兰语的“wh-movement”为基础，论证了初级A -movement和次级A -movement没有区别;它们除了具有其他共同的属性外，还具有完全相同的触发器和约束。我们发展了一种a ' -运动理论，该理论依赖于短语/相位头部的话语主动边缘特征。
{"title":"On primary and secondary movement","authors":"Saara Huhmarniemi, Pauli Brattico","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Theories of A′-movement can be classified on the basis of how they relate primary movement (movement to the final scope position) to secondary movement (intermediate movement). The standard view maintains that primary movement and secondary movement are motivated and triggered by different grammatical factors. For instance, it can be assumed that primary movement is what ultimately drives syntactic operations while secondary operations have a supporting auxiliary role and serve as a partial implementation of primary movement. Some recent hypotheses, such as Chomsky’s edge feature (EF) hypothesis, have opened up the possibility of narrowing the gap between these two operations. Here we argue on the basis of Finnish wh-movement that there is no difference between primary and secondary A′-movement; they have exactly the same triggers and constraints, in addition to having other properties in common. We develop a theory of A′-movement that relies on a discourse-active edge feature at a phrase/phase head.","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"173-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-27DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.4
Bence Kas, Á. Lukács
Focus sentences in Hungarian are claimed to express exhaustive identification by a syntactic-semantic operator in standard generative descriptions, but there are also arguments against this view. Our study aimed to gather empirical evidence for the exhaustive interpretation of focus sentences and to explore developmental changes with age. Two groups of children (mean ages 6;3 and 10;8 years) and a group of adults participated in a picture-sentence verification task that systematically varied sentence and context types. Adults showed a marked sensitivity for focus as a group, but focus sensitivity was not evident in either group of children. All participant groups were remarkably inconsistent in distinguishing neutral and focus sentences. In spite of the measurable sensitivity to focus in adults, the pattern of the results contradicts the predictions of the syntactic-semantic operator model concerning exhaustive interpretation, and urges further research.
{"title":"Focus sensitivity in Hungarian adults and children","authors":"Bence Kas, Á. Lukács","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Focus sentences in Hungarian are claimed to express exhaustive identification by a syntactic-semantic operator in standard generative descriptions, but there are also arguments against this view. Our study aimed to gather empirical evidence for the exhaustive interpretation of focus sentences and to explore developmental changes with age. Two groups of children (mean ages 6;3 and 10;8 years) and a group of adults participated in a picture-sentence verification task that systematically varied sentence and context types. Adults showed a marked sensitivity for focus as a group, but focus sensitivity was not evident in either group of children. All participant groups were remarkably inconsistent in distinguishing neutral and focus sentences. In spite of the measurable sensitivity to focus in adults, the pattern of the results contradicts the predictions of the syntactic-semantic operator model concerning exhaustive interpretation, and urges further research.","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"217-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-01DOI: 10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.1
J. Bóna
During natural ageing, hormonal, psychological, and cognitive changes affect speech production and speech perception. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in the performance of young-old (60- to 74-year-old) versus old-old (75- to 90-year-old) speakers in oral summaries of stories to which they listened previously and how those results relate to the speech of young adult speakers. For the present study, we have selected narrative recalls performed by fifteen subjects of each age group from BEA (The Hungarian Spontaneous Speech Database). We analysed the contents of those samples, pauses, disfluencies, and speech errors. We found important differences in the oral summaries between young-old and old-old speakers. Considerable individual differences were also attested within each age group (in disfluencies, pauses, etc.). The results suggest a certain degree of dissimilarity in the recalls across age groups, concerning peculiarities of language use along with the expected phonetic and psyc...
{"title":"Narrative recall in the elderly","authors":"J. Bóna","doi":"10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"During natural ageing, hormonal, psychological, and cognitive changes affect speech production and speech perception. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in the performance of young-old (60- to 74-year-old) versus old-old (75- to 90-year-old) speakers in oral summaries of stories to which they listened previously and how those results relate to the speech of young adult speakers. For the present study, we have selected narrative recalls performed by fifteen subjects of each age group from BEA (The Hungarian Spontaneous Speech Database). We analysed the contents of those samples, pauses, disfluencies, and speech errors. We found important differences in the oral summaries between young-old and old-old speakers. Considerable individual differences were also attested within each age group (in disfluencies, pauses, etc.). The results suggest a certain degree of dissimilarity in the recalls across age groups, concerning peculiarities of language use along with the expected phonetic and psyc...","PeriodicalId":54157,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hungarica","volume":"60 1","pages":"123-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/ALING.60.2013.2.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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