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Rediscovery of a known site. The results of magnetic and field-walking survey at the Roman period pottery production site in Wrzępia, Lesser Poland / Znovuobjevení známé lokality. Výsledky magnetometrického a povrchového průzkumu hrnčířského centra z doby římské: Wrzępia, Malopolsko 对已知站点的重新发现。小波兰WrzÉpia罗马时期陶器生产现场的磁场和磁场行走调查结果罗马时代陶器中心的磁力测量和表面调查结果:WrzÉpia,Malopolsko
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2022.2
Magdalena Okońska-Bulas, Jan Bulas, Marcin M. Przybyła
This article presents the results of the latest surface and geophysical surveys at the Przeworsk culture site 13 in Wrzępia, Lesser Poland Province. According to the results of magnetic prospection, more than 130 anomalies typical for kilns are present here. Based on the results of surface survey, their interpretation as pottery kilns is most likely. The pottery center specialised mostly in the production of Krausengefässe type of storage vessels. This is confirmed by the presence of almost exclusively of this pottery type on the site’s surface. The results of prospections shed a new light on pottery production in the region.
本文介绍了小波兰省WrzÉpia的Przeworsk文化遗址13的最新地表和地球物理调查结果。根据磁性勘探的结果,这里有130多个典型的窑炉异常。根据表面调查的结果,它们很可能被解释为陶窑。该陶器中心主要生产克劳森盖夫(Krausengefässe)类型的储器。遗址表面几乎只存在这种类型的陶器,这证实了这一点。勘探结果为该地区的陶器生产提供了新的线索。
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引用次数: 0
Trampoty s chronologií nálevkovitých pohárů / Troubles with the Funnel Beaker chronology Trampoty的chronologií nálevkovitých pohárů /麻烦与漏斗烧杯年表
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2022.5
F. Trampota, Petr Květina
The article offers a discussion of the new Funnel Beaker chronology proposed by M. Šmíd et al. (2021) based on the modelling of radiocarbon dates coming mainly from burial sites. The review deals with both the theoretical approach to the study of prehistoric societies, the method of selecting radiocarbon data, the method of modelling radiocarbon data and the absence of discussion in a situation that easily fosters it. The conclusion presents the actual concept of the chronology of pottery groups connected with the Funnel Beakers, with two chronological stages being defined – the Baalberge and Boleráz, whereas the ‘pre-Baalberge’ stage has more of a social than chronological dimension.
本文讨论了M. Šmíd等人(2021)基于主要来自埋葬地点的放射性碳测年模型提出的新的漏斗烧杯年表。这篇综述涉及史前社会研究的理论方法、选择放射性碳数据的方法、对放射性碳数据建模的方法,以及在一种容易促进讨论的情况下缺乏讨论的问题。结论提出了与漏斗烧杯相关的陶器群体年表的实际概念,定义了两个时间阶段-Baalberge和Boleráz,而“前Baalberge”阶段更多的是社会而不是时间维度。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of workshop activities by use-wear analysis: Antler processing at Zlechov-Padělky (South Moravia) in the Late Roman period / Traseologická identifikace dílenských aktivit. Zpracování parohoviny na sídlišti Zlechov-Padělky (okr. Uherské Hradiště) v pozdní době římské
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2022.3
Anna Nováčková, Ludmila Kaňáková, Tomáš Zeman
Settlement features containing raw antler material at various stages of manufacturing are not uncommon in Germanic settlements. However, their connection with craft production and subsequent interpretation as workshops producing antler objects are often inferred a priori, without being based on a deeper analysis. Many years of research into a Germanic settlement from the late Roman period and the beginning of the Migration period at the Zlechov-Padělky site (Uherské Hradiště district), carried out in the second half of the 20th century, revealed several possible workshop features for the processing of antler material. The antler processing could be mainly related to the production of compound antler combs, which were typical during this period. Use-wear analyses supported by the results of a manufacturing experiment allowed us to base such interpretations on objective data. After evaluating aspects of the production process, it is possible to compare the Zlechov features with similar finding situations from other settlements of the studied period. This helps to clarify the degree of the organisation of production and distribution of compound antler combs in the 4th and 5th centuries in the barbarian territory.
在日耳曼人的定居点中,包含不同制造阶段的鹿角原料的定居点特征并不罕见。然而,它们与工艺生产的联系以及随后作为生产鹿角物品的车间的解释往往是先验的,而不是基于更深入的分析。20世纪下半叶,对罗马晚期和移民时期开始的日尔曼人在Zlechov PadŞlky遗址(UherskéHradištŞ区)的定居点进行了多年的研究,揭示了鹿角材料加工的几个可能的作坊特征。鹿角加工可能主要与生产复合鹿角梳有关,这是这一时期的典型。使用由制造实验结果支持的磨损分析使我们能够根据客观数据进行此类解释。在评估了生产过程的各个方面后,可以将Zlechov特征与研究时期其他定居点的类似发现情况进行比较。这有助于澄清4世纪和5世纪在蛮族领土上复合鹿角梳的生产和分布的组织程度。
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引用次数: 0
Příspěvek k výpovědní hodnotě kovových slitků doby bronzové a poznání organizačního a technologického procesu metalurgie cínového bronzu / The testimonial value of Bronze Age metal raw materials and knowledge of the organisational and technological process of tin bronze metallurgy 青铜时代金属原料的鉴定价值及锡青铜冶金组织工艺知识
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.17
Markéta Augustýnová, Marek Fikrle, Jiří Kmošek
The study contributes to knowledge of the Bronze Age tin bronze production process based on the testimony of metal raw materials. This concerns evidence of metallurgical activities both in the form of semi-finished products/ingots and waste generated during production activities. Metal raw materials of a diverse nature, function and provenance occur in various contexts throughout most of the Bronze Age. Besides material analyses, metal raw materials originating in Bohemia have not yet received comprehensive systematic attention, especially in terms of their detailed description and the resulting data to assess types of products. The research focused on a study of the formal properties of metal raw materials, categories of smelting and casting products within the operational chain of bronze metallurgy and patterns of organisational and technological treatment in various space and time contexts. Both classical archaeological methods of documentation and scientific analytical methods were used and compared.
这项研究有助于了解青铜时代锡青铜的生产过程,以金属原材料为基础。这涉及冶金活动的证据,包括半成品/钢锭和生产活动中产生的废物。在青铜时代的大部分时间里,具有不同性质、功能和来源的金属原料都出现在不同的环境中。除材料分析外,原产于波西米亚的金属原料尚未得到全面系统的关注,尤其是在其详细描述和评估产品类型的数据方面。这项研究的重点是研究金属原材料的形式特性、青铜冶金运营链中的冶炼和铸造产品类别,以及不同空间和时间背景下的组织和技术处理模式。使用并比较了文献记录的经典考古方法和科学分析方法。
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引用次数: 0
Dva „vikinské“ náramky z Nového Knína, okr. Příbram. Jejich původ, prvkové složení a technologie výroby / Two “Viking” bracelets from Nový Knín in Central Bohemia. Their origin, chemical composition and production technology 两个“维京”手镯,来自波希米亚中部的NovýKnín。它们的来源、化学成分和生产技术
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.19
Rastislav Korený, M. Vopálenský, I. Kumpová, Šárka Msallamová, Klára Drábková, Marek Fikrle, Petr Valenta, J. Frána
The subject of the investigation is a pair of bracelets from Nový Knín in the Příbram district, the first of which appeared in 1965, the second in 2014. In the past, the first bracelet was characterised as silver, with analogies in Scandinavian ring ornaments of the 10th–11th century AD. But when this bracelet was subjected to an elemental analysis XRF in 2008, it was found to be composed of an alloy of brass with an admixture of silver. Following the surprising discovery of the second bracelet, a series of scientific and archaeological-culturally anthropological analyses were conducted, the results of which led to a chronological and material re-evaluation of previously published data, including their ‘find’ contexts. The analyses indicate that the two ornaments are virtually identical and also reveal that they cannot be regarded as early medieval artefacts but rather as Modern to recent products that were likely made outside of Europe (Africa?), probably of a tourist souvenir.
此次调查的对象是来自Příbram地区Nový Knín的一对手镯,第一个是1965年出现的,第二个是2014年出现的。在过去,第一个手镯的特点是银的,类似于公元10 - 11世纪斯堪的纳维亚的戒指饰品。但当这只手镯在2008年进行元素分析时,发现它是由黄铜合金和银的混合物组成的。在第二个手链的惊人发现之后,进行了一系列科学和考古文化人类学分析,其结果导致了对先前发表的数据的时间和材料的重新评估,包括他们的“发现”背景。分析表明,这两件装饰品实际上是相同的,也表明它们不能被视为中世纪早期的人工制品,而是现代到最近的产品,可能是在欧洲(非洲?)以外制造的,可能是旅游纪念品。
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引用次数: 0
Fascinácia špirálou. Depot medených ozdobných predmetov zo staršieho eneolitu z Hrádku, okr. Nové Mesto nad Váhom / The fascination of spirals. An Early Eneolithic hoard of decorative copper artefacts near Hrádok, West Slovakia
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.16
Marianna Novotná, Tomáš Zachar, Ján Dzúrik
An assemblage of few early Eneolithic hoard finds has been supplemented in 2009 by copper artefacts coming from a hoard discovered at Hrádok (Nové Mesto nad Váhom district), located in north-western Slovakia. The collection from Hrádok consists mostly of copper-wire jewellery. The presented study describes the results of typological and chronological analyses of spiral-shaped copper jewellery so far unknown in the region of Central Europe. The authors discuss the function of the artefacts, as well as their relation to the copper-wire industries of the type Malé Leváre, its variant Stollhof, and the type Hlinsko. Selected artefacts from the hoard from Hrádok were subjected to element (ICP-MS/ICP-OES) and isotope analyses. The results reveal additional information about the provenance and the type of copper present in hoard assemblages from the north-western part of the Carpathian Basin, dated to the end of the 5th Millennium BC. Contacts between the epilengyel Ludanice and Jordanów cultures are also discussed.
2009年,在斯洛伐克西北部Hrádok (nov Mesto nad Váhom地区)发现的一批铜质文物补充了一些早期新石器时代的贮藏物。来自Hrádok的这个系列主要由铜丝首饰组成。该研究描述了迄今为止中欧地区未知的螺旋形铜首饰的类型和时间分析结果。作者讨论了人工制品的功能,以及它们与类型mal Leváre,其变体Stollhof和类型Hlinsko的铜线工业的关系。从Hrádok中选出的文物进行了元素(ICP-MS/ICP-OES)和同位素分析。研究结果揭示了更多关于喀尔巴阡盆地西北部出土的铜的来源和类型的信息,这些铜可以追溯到公元前5千年末期。还讨论了epilengyel Ludanice和Jordanów文化之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Proměny pohřebních zvyklostí starší a mladší doby železné ve střední Evropě / Changes in the burial customs in the Early and Late Iron Age in Central Europe 中欧铁器时代早期和晚期埋葬习俗的变化
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.18
M. Chytráček, Ondřej Chvojka, Markus Egg, Jan John, J. Michálek, René Kyselý, Petra Stránská
Burial customs underwent gradual changes during the Iron Age, sometimes revealing significant upheavals occurring in the socio-spiritual sphere of the time. Both commonalities and differences between Western and Eastern Europe can be observed in the development of Iron Age burial practices. Particular attention is paid to the differences between the western and eastern parts of Central Europe, which come to the forefront in LT C2 and are probably related to the radical change in religious ideas in the eastern part of Central Europe. Interdisciplinary investigation of the disturbed princely barrow from the Late Hallstatt period in Rovná near Strakonice (South Bohemia) produced new information that has helped clarify the studied topic.
丧葬习俗在铁器时代经历了逐渐的变化,有时揭示了当时社会精神领域发生的重大动荡。在铁器时代埋葬习俗的发展中,可以观察到西欧和东欧之间的共性和差异。尤其值得注意的是中欧西部和东部之间的差异,这在LT C2中是最重要的,可能与中欧东部宗教观念的激进变化有关。对斯特拉科尼斯(南波希米亚)附近rovn的哈尔施塔特晚期被破坏的王子墓的跨学科调查产生了新的信息,有助于澄清所研究的主题。
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引用次数: 0
Eneolitický kostrový pohřební ritus na Moravě ve světle radiokarbonového datování / The Eneolithic inhumation burial rite in Moravia in light of radiocarbon dating 从放射性碳测年看莫拉维亚的风化土埋藏仪式
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.11
František Trampota, Jarmila Bíšková, Alžběta Čerevková, Ivan Čižmář, Eva Drozdová, J. Kala, P. Kos, Petr Květina, David Parma, Michal Přichystal, I. Světlík, Lukáš Šín, Zdeněk Tvrdý, Jakub Vrána
The article addresses the chronology of Eneolithic inhumation burials in Moravia based on radiocarbon dating. A total of 17 individuals were dated using 20 radiocarbon dates, primarily individuals without grave goods or individuals from problematic contexts. The study mainly covers the period of the Early Eneolithic, to a lesser extent the Middle and Late Eneolithic. The find contexts and anthropological assessments are newly published for most of the burials in question. Based on the chronological analysis of graves dated by radiocarbon dating, it is possible to approximately define the time dispersion of individual burial methods in Moravia. Flat graves with individuals in a stretched position without grave goods can be most reliably dated to about 3800–3600 BC.
本文介绍了基于放射性碳年代测定的摩拉维亚风化土葬年表。共有17人使用20个放射性碳年代测定了年龄,主要是没有坟墓物品的人或来自有问题环境的人。该研究主要涵盖早期风化层时期,在较小程度上涵盖中晚期风化层时期。大多数有问题的墓葬的发现背景和人类学评估是最新公布的。根据放射性碳年代测定法对坟墓的年代分析,可以大致确定摩拉维亚个体埋葬方法的时间分布。没有陪葬品的个人处于伸展状态的平坟墓可以最可靠地追溯到公元前3800年至3600年左右。
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引用次数: 0
Hradiště u Mařína (okr. Svitavy) a jeho širší zázemí ve světle kovových artefaktů z 6.–10. století / Hillfort near Mařín (East Bohemia) and its broad hinterland in light of metal artefacts from the 6th to 10th century AD
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.12
David Vích, Naďa Profantová, R. Křivánek, Zuzana Jarůšková, Jan Zavřel
The article evaluates the results of systematic metal detector surveys from the borderland between east Bohemia and northwest Moravia over the past fifteen years, supplemented with a geophysical survey of early medieval hillfort near Mařín (Svitavy district). The conducted surveys have produced imports of Byzantine and Carolingian origin (strap ends, loops, spear tip) from the 7th to 9th century, with cast ornaments of the Late Avar type from the 8th century occurring in the greatest numbers. The spatial distribution of early medieval artefacts outside the traditional settlement territory shows ties to defunct roads preserved in the form of sunken lanes.
本文评价了过去15年来在东波希米亚和西北摩拉维亚之间的边界地区进行的系统金属探测器调查的结果,并补充了对Mařín (Svitavy区)附近早期中世纪山丘的地球物理调查。所进行的调查发现,从7世纪到9世纪,拜占庭和加洛林王朝(皮带末端、环、矛尖)的进口产品数量最多,其中8世纪晚期阿瓦尔类型的铸造饰品数量最多。中世纪早期人工制品在传统聚落之外的空间分布表明,它们与以下沉车道的形式保存下来的废弃道路有联系。
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引用次数: 1
The North or the South? Early medieval ceramics decorated with a zoned ornament – the result of local changes or interregional contacts? 北方还是南方?用分区装饰装饰的中世纪早期陶瓷——是当地变化还是地区间接触的结果?
IF 0.6 4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2021.13
Justyna Kolenda, Kinga Zamelska-Monczak
The article underlines the need to re-discuss the prevailing views in archaeological literature on the provenance and transformation stages of completely wheel-turned ceramics decorated with zoned ornament. This class of ceramics was used in the Early Middle Ages (for about 100 years) by communities living in the area of southern Greater Poland and the north-eastern part of Lower Silesia. The previous ideas suggesting a close relationship between zoned ceramics and vessels produced in northern Bohemia are reconsidered, with the internal diversity of zoned ceramics being pointed out. We argue that inspiration in ceramics manufacturing came not only from the south (Bohemia), but also from the north (Pomerania) and the west (the middle Elbe region), and that there were also changes that appeared independently of these impulses in the ceramics production of small, native communities.
文章强调有必要重新讨论考古文献中关于完全轮转陶瓷的起源和转变阶段的主流观点。这类陶瓷在中世纪早期(大约100年)被生活在大波兰南部和下西里西亚东北部地区的社区使用。先前提出的分区陶瓷与波希米亚北部生产的容器之间的密切关系的观点被重新考虑,并指出了分区陶瓷的内部多样性。我们认为,陶瓷制造的灵感不仅来自南部(波希米亚),也来自北部(波美拉尼亚)和西部(易北河中部地区),而且在小型土著社区的陶瓷生产中,也有独立于这些冲动的变化。
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引用次数: 0
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Archeologicke Rozhledy
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