Ludmila Kaňáková, F. Trampota, Gabriela Dreslerová, V. Nosek, A. Přichystal
The state of knowledge of the Epi-Lengyel settlement of South Moravia is still limited to a few isolated pub lished sites, with a predominant focus on the typological evaluation of pottery. Collections of lithics remain unevaluated or are treated mainly typologically. The inventory of the settlement feature from Lidická Street, Drnholec, Břeclav district, comprising, among other things, 45 lithic pieces, has made it possible to apply modern methods to the evaluation of the collection, elucidating detailed aspects of its use and the depositional context of this function. It is the first-ever collection of Epi-Lengyel lithics in Central Europe studied by use-wear analysis. The results of this analysis show that it is a functionally homogeneous assemblage that was intended for processing animal materials, mainly leather. In terms of the distribution of raw material, there is an absolute orientation towards local sources. In a broader settlement context, the site appears peripheral.
{"title":"Proto-Eneolithic settlement feature for leather processing","authors":"Ludmila Kaňáková, F. Trampota, Gabriela Dreslerová, V. Nosek, A. Přichystal","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"The state of knowledge of the Epi-Lengyel settlement of South Moravia is still limited to a few isolated pub lished sites, with a predominant focus on the typological evaluation of pottery. Collections of lithics remain unevaluated or are treated mainly typologically. The inventory of the settlement feature from Lidická Street, Drnholec, Břeclav district, comprising, among other things, 45 lithic pieces, has made it possible to apply modern methods to the evaluation of the collection, elucidating detailed aspects of its use and the depositional context of this function. It is the first-ever collection of Epi-Lengyel lithics in Central Europe studied by use-wear analysis. The results of this analysis show that it is a functionally homogeneous assemblage that was intended for processing animal materials, mainly leather. In terms of the distribution of raw material, there is an absolute orientation towards local sources. In a broader settlement context, the site appears peripheral.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48826566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ian N. Wood: The Christian Economy of the Early Medieval West: Towards a Temple Society","authors":"Martin Senk","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47673412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of the article is the discovery of two oak ards from the Late Bronze Age in Opava belonging to the Silesian phase of the Lusatian Urnfield culture. Not only is this the first find of its kind in the Czech Republic, it is also the oldest side by side finds of ards in Europe. The find fully falls into the context of the development of prehistoric ploughs and highlights the dominance of the occurrence of crookards in the Bronze Age. The ards were models for the experimental production of their replicas and several subsequent experimental ploughings, which produced a range of additional information.
{"title":"Rádla z pozdní doby bronzové z Opavy / Late Bronze Age ards from Opava, Czech Silesia","authors":"Peter Kováčik, Jan Pavelka, Andrea Hořínková","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the article is the discovery of two oak ards from the Late Bronze Age in Opava belonging to the Silesian phase of the Lusatian Urnfield culture. Not only is this the first find of its kind in the Czech Republic, it is also the oldest side by side finds of ards in Europe. The find fully falls into the context of the development of prehistoric ploughs and highlights the dominance of the occurrence of crookards in the Bronze Age. The ards were models for the experimental production of their replicas and several subsequent experimental ploughings, which produced a range of additional information.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46783444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hedvika Sedláčková, Jan Musil, Petr Kubín, Jaroslav Podliska, Dana Rohanová, P. Staněk, Kateřina Vaďurová
Glass claw beakers, practically unusable vessels, make up a small group among glass finds in central Europe in the 15th–17th century. This article deals mainly with new finds from settlement sites in the Czech Republic. An analysis of the chemical composition of the glasses of claw beakers reveals that some specimens have the same composition of glass produced in Bohemian glassworks, while the composition of the glass of other beakers corresponds to glassworks in Tyrol or the northern Alps and the production of glassworks in the western part of Germany.
{"title":"Číše s choboty v kontextu gotického a renesančního skla v Čechách a na Moravě / Claw beakers in the context of Gothic and Renaissance glass in Bohemia and Moravia","authors":"Hedvika Sedláčková, Jan Musil, Petr Kubín, Jaroslav Podliska, Dana Rohanová, P. Staněk, Kateřina Vaďurová","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"Glass claw beakers, practically unusable vessels, make up a small group among glass finds in central Europe in the 15th–17th century. This article deals mainly with new finds from settlement sites in the Czech Republic. An analysis of the chemical composition of the glasses of claw beakers reveals that some specimens have the same composition of glass produced in Bohemian glassworks, while the composition of the glass of other beakers corresponds to glassworks in Tyrol or the northern Alps and the production of glassworks in the western part of Germany.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47608437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For several decades, the use of non-destructive methods (geophysical survey, aerial archaeology and LiDAR) has been a key part of archaeological research, as their application produces interesting and important findings without disturbing investigated situations. Thanks to the use of these methods, existing knowledge was refined and expanded at the La Tène Staré Hradisko oppidum in central Moravia concerning settlement in the area to the west of the fortifications. An important discovery was made of a previously unknown pincer gate in the eastern part of the fortifications with a connected fortification system enclosing the northern part of the oppidum.
几十年来，非破坏性方法(地球物理测量、航空考古和激光雷达)的使用一直是考古研究的关键部分，因为它们的应用产生了有趣和重要的发现，而不会干扰被调查的情况。由于使用了这些方法，现有的知识在摩拉维亚中部的La t star Hradisko oppidum得到了完善和扩展，涉及到防御工事西部地区的定居点。一个重要的发现是，在防御工事的东部有一个以前不为人知的钳形门，防御工事的北部有一个相连的防御系统。
{"title":"K poznání charakteru a rozsahu oppida Staré Hradisko (okr. Prostějov) na základě nedestruktivních prospekčních metod a dálkového průzkumu / Determining the character and scope of Staré Hradisko (central Moravia) oppidum using non-destructive survey methods and remote sensing","authors":"Ivana Čizmar, R. Křivánek, Miroslav Popelka","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, the use of non-destructive methods (geophysical survey, aerial archaeology and LiDAR) has been a key part of archaeological research, as their application produces interesting and important findings without disturbing investigated situations. Thanks to the use of these methods, existing knowledge was refined and expanded at the La Tène Staré Hradisko oppidum in central Moravia concerning settlement in the area to the west of the fortifications. An important discovery was made of a previously unknown pincer gate in the eastern part of the fortifications with a connected fortification system enclosing the northern part of the oppidum.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44542449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylva Drtikolová Kaupová, Zdeněk Vytlačil, L. Kovačiková, Michaela Látková, L. Poláček, P. Velemínský
The article summarises and brings together the results of isotopic studies of the population of Great Moravia, mainly of the inhabitants of the Mikulčice agglomeration, focused on the reconstruction of diet, migration, but also methods of farming in the studied area. The work interprets as yet unpublished data on the diet of individuals buried inside the Mikulčice churches (n = 10) and on the residential mobility of individuals from Mikulčice with specific grave goods (n = 33). It also presents precise quantitative models of the reconstruction of the diet of the Mikulčice population using recently published data on grains found in various parts of the Mikulčice settlement agglomeration. The final part is devoted to areas of future research.
{"title":"Stav izotopových výzkumů stravy, rezidenční mobility a zemědělského hospodaření populace Velké Moravy (9.–10. století) / Current stage of isotopic research on diet, residential mobility and agricultural practices of the Great Moravian population (9th–10th century AD)","authors":"Sylva Drtikolová Kaupová, Zdeněk Vytlačil, L. Kovačiková, Michaela Látková, L. Poláček, P. Velemínský","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarises and brings together the results of isotopic studies of the population of Great Moravia, mainly of the inhabitants of the Mikulčice agglomeration, focused on the reconstruction of diet, migration, but also methods of farming in the studied area. The work interprets as yet unpublished data on the diet of individuals buried inside the Mikulčice churches (n = 10) and on the residential mobility of individuals from Mikulčice with specific grave goods (n = 33). It also presents precise quantitative models of the reconstruction of the diet of the Mikulčice population using recently published data on grains found in various parts of the Mikulčice settlement agglomeration. The final part is devoted to areas of future research.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49494123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Daniel Wojtucki: Magia posthuma. Procesy i egzekucje zmarłych na Śląsku i Morawach w XVI–XVIII wieku","authors":"J. Unger","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45240432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noémi Beljak Pažinová, Katarína Šimunková, Ján Beljak
This contribution presents and interprets the results of the analysis of fauna relics from the Pustý hrad Castle in Zvolen in Central Slovakia. The analysed series comes from the Upper castle, from the half of the 13th to the 14th centuries. A total of 6082 bone fragments weighing about 28 kg were processed. In addition to standard quantification methods (MNI, NISP and weight), the age of the animals and the relative quality of the meat from the body parts represented were also analysed. At the same time, the analysis also considered individual buildings, their location and function, and thus the differences in the representation of species in individual units. Comparisons of results with analogous collections from the late medieval castles of the Hungarian and Czech Kingdoms were not left out either.
{"title":"The consumption of meat within late medieval castles: a case study of Pustý hrad Castle in Zvolen (central Slovakia) / Konzumácia mäsa na hradoch vo vrcholnom stredoveku: prípadová štúdia z Pustého hradu vo Zvolene","authors":"Noémi Beljak Pažinová, Katarína Šimunková, Ján Beljak","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution presents and interprets the results of the analysis of fauna relics from the Pustý hrad Castle in Zvolen in Central Slovakia. The analysed series comes from the Upper castle, from the half of the 13th to the 14th centuries. A total of 6082 bone fragments weighing about 28 kg were processed. In addition to standard quantification methods (MNI, NISP and weight), the age of the animals and the relative quality of the meat from the body parts represented were also analysed. At the same time, the analysis also considered individual buildings, their location and function, and thus the differences in the representation of species in individual units. Comparisons of results with analogous collections from the late medieval castles of the Hungarian and Czech Kingdoms were not left out either.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43663432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaining an understanding of the history of Moravian prehistory in the phase of the transition from the proto-Eneolithic to the Early Eneolithic runs headlong into a range of problems, not least of which is the limited number of reliable find units. Like radiocarbon dating and genetics, typo-chronology is no end-all in this situation, merely one of many parts of a complex view, albeit one that it critical to archaeology. An interpretation based on incorrect work with radiocarbon dates pushes the discussion beyond the threshold of credible picture of the past. This article discusses both aspects and, based on examples exposing errors made by F. Trampota and P. Květina in the course of processing 14C dates and interpreting modelled data, demonstrates that some of their conclusions cannot be regarded as sufficiently supported.
{"title":"Věci se mají trochu jinak aneb Jak vytvořit téma bez závěrů / Things are somewhat different than they appear, or How to create a topic without a solution","authors":"Miroslav Šmíd, P. Limburský","doi":"10.35686/ar.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Gaining an understanding of the history of Moravian prehistory in the phase of the transition from the proto-Eneolithic to the Early Eneolithic runs headlong into a range of problems, not least of which is the limited number of reliable find units. Like radiocarbon dating and genetics, typo-chronology is no end-all in this situation, merely one of many parts of a complex view, albeit one that it critical to archaeology. An interpretation based on incorrect work with radiocarbon dates pushes the discussion beyond the threshold of credible picture of the past. This article discusses both aspects and, based on examples exposing errors made by F. Trampota and P. Květina in the course of processing 14C dates and interpreting modelled data, demonstrates that some of their conclusions cannot be regarded as sufficiently supported.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43028776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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