Pub Date : 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1177/15248380251398795
Brenda Erens, Anke Lemmens, Elly Niesten
Symptoms and problems that may arise from pediatric condition falsification (PCF) have not yet been systematically documented. The aim of the present study was to create a scoping overview of existing relevant scientific articles related to the physical symptoms and psychosocial problems that victims of PCF can develop. The methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley was employed for this scoping review, supplemented by methodological insights from Levac et al. We used the PRISMA guidelines for our selection process. The search for physical symptoms was conducted in January 2024 (2013 to 2023). For psychosocial problems, the search was extended (2003–2023) due to the absence of relevant studies between 2013 and 2023. Inclusion criteria were English and Dutch articles, investigating victims of PCF, regardless of age or sex. A total of 29 articles were included; 25 studies on physical complaints and four studies on psychosocial problems. In total, victims of PCF reported 660 physical symptoms as a result of exposure to PCF ( N = 82; 23 females, 30 males, 29 unknown). In six cases, exposure to PCF resulted in death of the victim. The victims of PCF reported 176 psychosocial problems in total ( N = 225; 40 females, 35 men, 150 unknown). This scoping review indicates that exposure to PCF is accompanied by a wide range of physical symptoms and psychosocial problems among victims of PCF. We recommend including longitudinal research, psychological support, and follow-up protocols of victims after PCF diagnosis (e.g., in the form of questionnaires and interviews) to ensure personalized care.
{"title":"Physical Complaints and Psychosocial Problems among Victims of Pediatric Condition Falsification (PCF): A Scoping Review","authors":"Brenda Erens, Anke Lemmens, Elly Niesten","doi":"10.1177/15248380251398795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251398795","url":null,"abstract":"Symptoms and problems that may arise from pediatric condition falsification (PCF) have not yet been systematically documented. The aim of the present study was to create a scoping overview of existing relevant scientific articles related to the physical symptoms and psychosocial problems that victims of PCF can develop. The methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley was employed for this scoping review, supplemented by methodological insights from Levac et al. We used the PRISMA guidelines for our selection process. The search for physical symptoms was conducted in January 2024 (2013 to 2023). For psychosocial problems, the search was extended (2003–2023) due to the absence of relevant studies between 2013 and 2023. Inclusion criteria were English and Dutch articles, investigating victims of PCF, regardless of age or sex. A total of 29 articles were included; 25 studies on physical complaints and four studies on psychosocial problems. In total, victims of PCF reported 660 physical symptoms as a result of exposure to PCF ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 82; 23 females, 30 males, 29 unknown). In six cases, exposure to PCF resulted in death of the victim. The victims of PCF reported 176 psychosocial problems in total ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 225; 40 females, 35 men, 150 unknown). This scoping review indicates that exposure to PCF is accompanied by a wide range of physical symptoms and psychosocial problems among victims of PCF. We recommend including longitudinal research, psychological support, and follow-up protocols of victims after PCF diagnosis (e.g., in the form of questionnaires and interviews) to ensure personalized care.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1177/15248380251397414
Lane Kirkland Gillespie, Tara N. Richards, Emilie Whitehouse
Remote and hybrid options for crime victim services grew slowly during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, followed by rapid expansion on the heels of the COVID-19 pandemic. While there has been significant focus on remote work in other sectors such as healthcare and tech industries, there have been no scoping reviews on remote service delivery in crime victim services. Using the PRISMA-ScR framework for scoping reviews, we identified 27 studies on remote or hybrid services in victim service agencies that met our inclusion criteria (empirical studies on remote and/or hybrid work in community- and/or systems-based victim service agencies, written in English). Studies were examined regarding the (a) methods and data used in empirical studies; (b) provider-level and client-level challenges and benefits; and (c) recommendations. Findings show that most studies were exploratory or descriptive in nature, collected qualitative data from service providers, and were conducted, at least in part, to learn about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Common provider-level challenges included technological barriers, concerns about the security of online services, and the development of rapport with clients virtually, while strengths included personal-professional flexibility, new collaborations, and work productivity/efficiency. Client-level challenges included technology access, digital literacy, and confidentiality and safety concerns, while strengths included increased access to services, reduced cost, and increased anonymity of online services. Results suggest that we need additional, rigorous evaluation research to understand how processes and outcomes differ between remote and in-person services for crime victims and victim service providers.
{"title":"Remote and Hybrid Work in Crime Victim Services: A Scoping Review","authors":"Lane Kirkland Gillespie, Tara N. Richards, Emilie Whitehouse","doi":"10.1177/15248380251397414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251397414","url":null,"abstract":"Remote and hybrid options for crime victim services grew slowly during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, followed by rapid expansion on the heels of the COVID-19 pandemic. While there has been significant focus on remote work in other sectors such as healthcare and tech industries, there have been no scoping reviews on remote service delivery in crime victim services. Using the PRISMA-ScR framework for scoping reviews, we identified 27 studies on remote or hybrid services in victim service agencies that met our inclusion criteria (empirical studies on remote and/or hybrid work in community- and/or systems-based victim service agencies, written in English). Studies were examined regarding the (a) methods and data used in empirical studies; (b) provider-level and client-level challenges and benefits; and (c) recommendations. Findings show that most studies were exploratory or descriptive in nature, collected qualitative data from service providers, and were conducted, at least in part, to learn about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Common provider-level challenges included technological barriers, concerns about the security of online services, and the development of rapport with clients virtually, while strengths included personal-professional flexibility, new collaborations, and work productivity/efficiency. Client-level challenges included technology access, digital literacy, and confidentiality and safety concerns, while strengths included increased access to services, reduced cost, and increased anonymity of online services. Results suggest that we need additional, rigorous evaluation research to understand how processes and outcomes differ between remote and in-person services for crime victims and victim service providers.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1177/15248380251397413
Marta Sousa, Tânia Gonçalves, Sónia Caridade, Andreia de Castro-Rodrigues, Ângela Maia, Olga Cunha
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is disproportionately prevalent among individuals who have committed crimes compared to the general population. Simultaneously, PTSD is associated with several adverse outcomes, including increased risk of suicidality in prison, poorer treatment outcomes, and higher rates of recidivism. This review seeks to systematize trauma-focused therapies for adult justice-involved populations. It examines their effectiveness across diverse approaches, forensic settings (e.g., prisons, forensic hospitals, probation), and demographic groups (e.g., men, women), expanding on prior reviews. Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, B-On, PsycInfo, and Scielo) were searched, resulting in 20 studies included. Results showed that most studies were conducted in the United States, primarily involving female participants in prisons. The findings suggested that both EMDR therapy and the Seeking Safety program are promising approaches for improving mental health outcomes—including PTSD, anxiety, and depression—among men and women in both prison and non-prison settings. However, evidence regarding behavioral change remains inconsistent. These approaches and programs show potential as effective treatments for individuals who have committed crimes. However, methodological limitations within the studies prevent definitive conclusions about their effectiveness.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）在犯罪个体中与一般人群相比尤为普遍。同时，创伤后应激障碍与一些不良后果有关，包括监狱中自杀风险增加，治疗效果较差，再犯率较高。本综述旨在系统化创伤为重点的治疗成人司法参与人群。它在以往审查的基础上，进一步审查了各种方法、法医环境（如监狱、法医医院、缓刑）和人口群体（如男性、女性）的有效性。检索了6个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、B-On、PsycInfo和Scielo），纳入了20项研究。结果表明，大多数研究是在美国进行的，主要涉及监狱中的女性参与者。研究结果表明，EMDR疗法和寻求安全计划都是改善监狱和非监狱环境中男女心理健康状况的有希望的方法，包括创伤后应激障碍、焦虑和抑郁。然而，关于行为改变的证据仍然不一致。这些方法和项目显示出对犯罪个体有效治疗的潜力。然而，由于研究方法上的限制，无法对其有效性得出明确的结论。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Interventions With Individuals Who Perpetrated Crimes: A Systematic Review","authors":"Marta Sousa, Tânia Gonçalves, Sónia Caridade, Andreia de Castro-Rodrigues, Ângela Maia, Olga Cunha","doi":"10.1177/15248380251397413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251397413","url":null,"abstract":"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is disproportionately prevalent among individuals who have committed crimes compared to the general population. Simultaneously, PTSD is associated with several adverse outcomes, including increased risk of suicidality in prison, poorer treatment outcomes, and higher rates of recidivism. This review seeks to systematize trauma-focused therapies for adult justice-involved populations. It examines their effectiveness across diverse approaches, forensic settings (e.g., prisons, forensic hospitals, probation), and demographic groups (e.g., men, women), expanding on prior reviews. Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, B-On, PsycInfo, and Scielo) were searched, resulting in 20 studies included. Results showed that most studies were conducted in the United States, primarily involving female participants in prisons. The findings suggested that both EMDR therapy and the Seeking Safety program are promising approaches for improving mental health outcomes—including PTSD, anxiety, and depression—among men and women in both prison and non-prison settings. However, evidence regarding behavioral change remains inconsistent. These approaches and programs show potential as effective treatments for individuals who have committed crimes. However, methodological limitations within the studies prevent definitive conclusions about their effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The immediate aftermath of child sexual assault is a critical yet understudied period where crisis interventions can mitigate or exacerbate trauma. Despite their pivotal role, no systematic review has synthesized qualitative evidence on stakeholder experiences of these services. To aggregate findings from qualitative studies examining children, young people (CYP), parents/carers, and service providers’ (police, medical staff, psychosocial support, and child protection professionals) experiences of crisis responses following child sexual assault. Five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, ProQuest Social Science) were searched using PICo (Population: Child Sexual Assault survivors/families/providers; Phenomenon: Crisis service experiences; Context: ≤72 hrs post-disclosure). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guided screening ensured transparency. Included studies ( n = 22) were synthesized via Joanna Briggs Institute meta-aggregation, deriving actionable themes while preserving meaning. Three stakeholder groups reported systemic challenges: • CYP (16 studies): Hesitated to disclose due to fear/blame; trauma was compounded by fragmented care but alleviated by empathetic, child-centered approaches. • Parents (6 studies): Critiqued services as disjointed and retraumatizing, urging proactive family advocacy. • Providers (6 studies): Cited interagency conflicts, resource gaps, and moral distress as barriers to trauma-informed care. This first meta-aggregation of post-child sexual assault crisis care identifies the need for systemic reforms; standardized multi-disciplinary protocols, dedicated family supports, and provider training as well as clinical and supportive supervision to mitigate secondary trauma. Findings underscore the need for trauma-informed systems to prevent compounding harm during this vulnerable period.
儿童性侵犯的直接后果是一个关键但尚未得到充分研究的时期，危机干预可以减轻或加剧创伤。尽管它们发挥着关键作用，但没有系统的综述综合了这些服务的利益相关者经验的定性证据。通过对儿童、青少年（CYP）、父母/照顾者和服务提供者（警察、医务人员、社会心理支持和儿童保护专业人员）在儿童性侵犯后的危机应对经历进行定性研究，汇总研究结果。使用PICo检索5个数据库（MEDLINE、PsycINFO、Embase、CINAHL、ProQuest Social Science）（人群：儿童性侵幸存者/家庭/提供者；现象：危机服务经历；背景：披露后≤72小时）。系统评价和荟萃分析指导筛选的首选报告项目确保了透明度。纳入的研究（n = 22）通过乔安娜布里格斯研究所的元聚合进行综合，在保留意义的同时得出可操作的主题。三个利益相关者团体报告了系统性挑战：•CYP（16项研究）：由于恐惧/指责而犹豫不决；支离破碎的护理加重了创伤，但同理心和以儿童为中心的方法减轻了创伤。•父母（6项研究）：受到批评的服务是脱节的，会给人带来再创伤，敦促积极主动的家庭倡导。•提供者（6项研究）：引用机构间冲突、资源缺口和道德困境作为创伤知情护理的障碍。这是对儿童后性侵犯危机护理的第一次荟萃，它确定了系统性改革的必要性；标准化的多学科协议，专门的家庭支持，提供者培训以及临床和支持性监督，以减轻继发性创伤。调查结果强调，需要建立创伤知情系统，以防止在这一脆弱时期造成进一步伤害。
{"title":"Fractured Systems, Compounded Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Aggregation of Crisis Service Experiences After Child Sexual Assault","authors":"Caroline Whitehouse, Peter McKenzie, Carmel Hobbs, Angela Johns-Hayden, Jessica Opie, Hanan Khalil","doi":"10.1177/15248380251397418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251397418","url":null,"abstract":"The immediate aftermath of child sexual assault is a critical yet understudied period where crisis interventions can mitigate or exacerbate trauma. Despite their pivotal role, no systematic review has synthesized qualitative evidence on stakeholder experiences of these services. To aggregate findings from qualitative studies examining children, young people (CYP), parents/carers, and service providers’ (police, medical staff, psychosocial support, and child protection professionals) experiences of crisis responses following child sexual assault. Five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, ProQuest Social Science) were searched using PICo (Population: Child Sexual Assault survivors/families/providers; Phenomenon: Crisis service experiences; Context: ≤72 hrs post-disclosure). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guided screening ensured transparency. Included studies ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n</jats:italic> = 22) were synthesized via Joanna Briggs Institute meta-aggregation, deriving actionable themes while preserving meaning. Three stakeholder groups reported systemic challenges: • CYP (16 studies): Hesitated to disclose due to fear/blame; trauma was compounded by fragmented care but alleviated by empathetic, child-centered approaches. • Parents (6 studies): Critiqued services as disjointed and retraumatizing, urging proactive family advocacy. • Providers (6 studies): Cited interagency conflicts, resource gaps, and moral distress as barriers to trauma-informed care. This first meta-aggregation of post-child sexual assault crisis care identifies the need for systemic reforms; standardized multi-disciplinary protocols, dedicated family supports, and provider training as well as clinical and supportive supervision to mitigate secondary trauma. Findings underscore the need for trauma-informed systems to prevent compounding harm during this vulnerable period.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1177/15248380251397408
Charlotte J. W. van Tuijl, Lysanne W. te Brinke, Milene Gonçalves, Jeroen van der Waal
Despite the growing scholarly interest in sexual harassment in public space over the past decades, there is still no systematic overview of explanations for why perpetrators engage in it. Such an overview would be valuable for improving the effectiveness of prevention strategies. Hence, this review was guided by the following questions: (1) What explanations are provided in the literature for why people engage in sexual harassment in public space, and (2) have these explanations been studied empirically? 12 databases were searched for relevant studies across disciplines. Of the 4,300 studies identified, 29 met the inclusion criteria. A thematic analysis was conducted to categorize the explanations according to the social ecological framework. We identified 10 themes across four levels: (1) individual – personality traits, psychosocial capacities, and behavioral tendencies; (2) relationship – communicative motivations, peer dynamics, and family dynamics; (3) community – socio-spatial environment and structural inequalities; (4) societal – social norms and structural inequalities. We demonstrate that the literature most notably provides empirically substantiated explanations at the first two levels. Community- and societal-level factors, and their interplay with individual- and relationship-level factors, require more thorough empirical scrutiny. Our findings, moreover, suggest that: (a) efforts to reduce sexual harassment in public space should rather focus on peer groups than (potentially) perpetrating individuals; (b) such efforts should focus on addressing group dynamics, perpetrators’ psychosocial capacities, and the social and gender norms that shape their worldviews, besides continuing to raise awareness of what sexual harassment is and how it is experienced by targets.
{"title":"Why Do People Perpetrate Sexual Harassment in Public Space? A Systematic Scoping Review","authors":"Charlotte J. W. van Tuijl, Lysanne W. te Brinke, Milene Gonçalves, Jeroen van der Waal","doi":"10.1177/15248380251397408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251397408","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the growing scholarly interest in sexual harassment in public space over the past decades, there is still no systematic overview of explanations for why perpetrators engage in it. Such an overview would be valuable for improving the effectiveness of prevention strategies. Hence, this review was guided by the following questions: (1) What explanations are provided in the literature for why people engage in sexual harassment in public space, and (2) have these explanations been studied empirically? 12 databases were searched for relevant studies across disciplines. Of the 4,300 studies identified, 29 met the inclusion criteria. A thematic analysis was conducted to categorize the explanations according to the social ecological framework. We identified 10 themes across four levels: (1) <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">individual</jats:italic> – personality traits, psychosocial capacities, and behavioral tendencies; (2) <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">relationship</jats:italic> – communicative motivations, peer dynamics, and family dynamics; (3) <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">community</jats:italic> – socio-spatial environment and structural inequalities; (4) <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">societal</jats:italic> – social norms and structural inequalities. We demonstrate that the literature most notably provides empirically substantiated explanations at the first two levels. Community- and societal-level factors, and their interplay with individual- and relationship-level factors, require more thorough empirical scrutiny. Our findings, moreover, suggest that: (a) efforts to reduce sexual harassment in public space should rather focus on peer groups than (potentially) perpetrating individuals; (b) such efforts should focus on addressing group dynamics, perpetrators’ psychosocial capacities, and the social and gender norms that shape their worldviews, besides continuing to raise awareness of what sexual harassment is and how it is experienced by targets.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1177/15248380251395105
Niels Blom, Flavia Andrea Lamarre
Intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) is a global problem. Despite its prevalence, few studies have investigated the employment impact of IPVA, with existing studies spread across multiple disciplines including criminology, economics, and public health. This systematic review provided an overview of the main findings on the topic and identified research gaps and opportunities for future research. We conducted a systematic review and identified studies via Embase, APA PsycInfo, PubMed, Social Sciences Citation Index, and two related reviews. The studies concerned the association between IPVA and absenteeism, time off from work, unemployment, and/or job loss and were peer-reviewed, English-language, quantitative studies. Overall, the 48 identified studies indicated a clear relationship between IPVA and absenteeism/time off work, but evidence was more mixed regarding the association between IPVA and job loss or unemployment. The limitations of current research were discussed, which included that the far majority of studies concerned the United States, investigated only victimization among women, and few used nationally representative data. Male victim-survivors, differences by ethnicity or socioeconomic class, perpetration, and how employment circumstances may help or hinder victim-survivors’ labor market involvement had received limited attention in the literature. Filling these gaps would provide a stronger evidence-base for effective policies, enabling victim-survivors to retain their employment.
{"title":"Employment Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse: A Systematic Review","authors":"Niels Blom, Flavia Andrea Lamarre","doi":"10.1177/15248380251395105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251395105","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) is a global problem. Despite its prevalence, few studies have investigated the employment impact of IPVA, with existing studies spread across multiple disciplines including criminology, economics, and public health. This systematic review provided an overview of the main findings on the topic and identified research gaps and opportunities for future research. We conducted a systematic review and identified studies via Embase, APA PsycInfo, PubMed, Social Sciences Citation Index, and two related reviews. The studies concerned the association between IPVA and absenteeism, time off from work, unemployment, and/or job loss and were peer-reviewed, English-language, quantitative studies. Overall, the 48 identified studies indicated a clear relationship between IPVA and absenteeism/time off work, but evidence was more mixed regarding the association between IPVA and job loss or unemployment. The limitations of current research were discussed, which included that the far majority of studies concerned the United States, investigated only victimization among women, and few used nationally representative data. Male victim-survivors, differences by ethnicity or socioeconomic class, perpetration, and how employment circumstances may help or hinder victim-survivors’ labor market involvement had received limited attention in the literature. Filling these gaps would provide a stronger evidence-base for effective policies, enabling victim-survivors to retain their employment.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1177/15248380251395098
Elena Slodecki, Simone Buzwell, Lucca Randazzo, Jessica L. Mackelprang
Sexual objectification of women is common and may expose them to events (e.g., interpersonal violence) that confer high risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and/or lead to self-objectification. This systematic review examines the relationships between self-objectification and trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and PTSD, identifying the measures used to assess self-objectification. Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, OVID Medline, and CINAHL were searched through 23 January 2025. Peer-reviewed articles that measured self-objectification and assessed relationships between self-objectification and trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and/or PTSD were included. Thirteen articles with 5,035 participants met inclusion criteria; most recruited women exclusively. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Evidence was synthesized narratively. No articles evaluated interventions. Five measures were used to assess two conceptualizations of self-objectification: bodily self-objectification (e.g., body shame, body surveillance) and self-dehumanization. Associations varied with the conceptualization and measurement of self-objectification. Body shame was positively associated with trauma exposure and symptoms, including dissociation, while associations between body surveillance, trauma exposure, and trauma symptoms were inconsistent. Self-dehumanization was positively associated with trauma exposure. Overall, findings suggest a relationship between exposure to traumatic events and self-objectification. Further research is needed to clarify the influence of self-objectification on trauma symptomatology. Given the impact of violence, self-objectification, and PTSD on women, research that informs clinical practice is needed, along with policy-based actions that enhance women’s safety and wellbeing, particularly in the age of artificial intelligence.
女性的性物化很常见，并可能使她们暴露于事件（如人际暴力）中，这些事件会给她们带来创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的高风险，和/或导致自我物化。本系统综述探讨了自我客观化与创伤暴露、创伤后应激症状和创伤后应激障碍之间的关系，并确定了用于评估自我客观化的措施。Scopus、PsycINFO、Web of Science、OVID Medline和CINAHL的检索截止日期为2025年1月23日。同行评议的文章测量了自我客观化，并评估了自我客观化与创伤暴露、创伤后应激症状和/或创伤后应激障碍之间的关系。13篇文章5,035名受试者符合纳入标准；大多数只招募女性。使用混合方法评价工具评价质量。证据是以叙述的方式合成的。没有文章评价干预措施。五种测量方法被用来评估两种自我客观化的概念：身体自我客观化（例如，身体羞耻，身体监视）和自我非人化。关联随着自我客观化的概念化和测量而变化。身体羞耻与创伤暴露和症状（包括精神分离）呈正相关，而身体监视、创伤暴露和创伤症状之间的关联则不一致。自我去人性化与创伤暴露呈正相关。总的来说，研究结果表明暴露于创伤性事件和自我物化之间存在关系。自我客观化对创伤症状的影响有待进一步研究。鉴于暴力、自我物化和创伤后应激障碍对女性的影响，需要为临床实践提供信息的研究，以及基于政策的行动，以增强女性的安全和福祉，特别是在人工智能时代。
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Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1177/15248380251398800
Denis Mbako Jato, Ignacio Correa-Velez, Jerico Pardosi, Kate E. Murray
Suicide remains a critical global public health concern, with migrants facing heightened vulnerability due to pre- and post-migration factors. African migrants in Australia are particularly affected, facing disproportionate suicide risk. This scoping review explores existing evidence on contributing and mitigating factors for suicide among African migrants living in Australia. A comprehensive search of academic databases (PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and PubMed), Google Scholar, and grey literature identified nine relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023. Thematic analysis, guided by a socio-ecological framework, revealed suicide contributing factors across four levels: individual (e.g. trauma, unemployment, low context-specific skills), family/relationship (e.g. family separation), community (e.g. cultural conflict, disrupted networks, identity crisis), and society (e.g. service barriers, visa insecurity). Mitigating factors also emerged at each level, including individual resilience and religiosity, strong family and community support, and secure residency status. Distinct experiences highlight the need for culturally responsive, community-led strategies addressing their unique challenges.
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Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1177/15248380251398777
Yun Young Kim, Hyunil Kim
Given the strong link between poverty and child maltreatment, this study explores the impact of nine poverty-reduction policies—Childcare Subsidies, Child Tax Credits, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit, Housing Choice Voucher, Minimum Wage, Medicaid, Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)—on child maltreatment outcomes. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we reviewed studies published through June 2025 across five databases (EBSCO, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed), focusing on articles assessing policy expansions related to child maltreatment. After screening, 29 studies met our inclusion criteria. Broader expansions in programs, such as EITC, SNAP, Childcare Subsidies, Minimum Wage, and Medicaid, were generally associated with reductions in child maltreatment, particularly neglect, and, in some cases, physical abuse. Combined policy expansions were also linked to reduced maltreatment. In contrast, limited changes—such as more flexible redetermination procedures or copayment adjustments—had little effect unless introduced alongside broader eligibility expansions. Neglect appears more responsive to economic interventions, suggesting that other abuse types may require additional supports beyond income assistance. To maximize effectiveness, future efforts should expand proven programs and strengthen weaker ones through improved design and implementation. Even established programs require continued attention to equity, including administrative and geographic barriers limiting access for eligible families.
鉴于贫困与儿童虐待之间的密切联系，本研究探讨了9项减贫政策——儿童保育补贴、儿童税收抵免、贫困家庭临时援助、儿童和受抚养人护理税收抵免、住房选择券、最低工资、医疗补助、劳动所得税抵免和补充营养援助计划——对儿童虐待结果的影响。根据PRISMA 2020指南，我们回顾了截至2025年6月在五个数据库（EBSCO、ProQuest、Scopus、Web of Science和PubMed）中发表的研究，重点关注评估与儿童虐待相关的政策扩展的文章。筛选后，29项研究符合我们的纳入标准。EITC、SNAP、儿童保育补贴、最低工资和医疗补助等项目的更广泛扩展通常与儿童虐待的减少有关，特别是忽视，在某些情况下还与身体虐待有关。综合政策扩大也与减少虐待有关。相比之下，有限的变化，如更灵活的再确定程序或共同支付调整，除非与更广泛的资格扩展一起引入，否则收效甚微。忽视似乎对经济干预更有反应，这表明其他类型的虐待可能需要收入援助以外的额外支持。为了最大限度地提高效率，未来的努力应扩大已证实的方案，并通过改进设计和实施来加强较弱的方案。即使是已建立的项目也需要持续关注公平性，包括限制符合条件的家庭获得机会的行政和地理障碍。
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Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1177/15248380251395103
Francis Barchi, Millan A. AbiNader, Ajanee Russell Hopkins, Tarisai Mchuchu-MacMillan
In many countries, protection orders are the civil court system’s primary response to domestic violence. While there is significant evidence as to their effectiveness, as many as half of all temporary protection orders are withdrawn or dismissed before being finalized, with limited empirical research as to why. As the first step in a multi-phased research-community partnership to improve a counseling and service program for survivors of domestic violence in South Africa, we undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify what is known about why some female survivors finalize protection orders and others do not. Using a keyword search strategy in academic databases, we included peer-reviewed studies published from January 2004 to June 2024 that focused on case attrition and the factors associated with retention and/or withdrawal. Of the eight studies that met the eligibility criteria, six reported findings from the United States, one from Ecuador, and one from South Africa. Key reasons for attrition were emotional attachment, concerns for children, perceived behavior change in partner, fear of retaliation, challenges in the court processes, default at hearing, financial dependence, gender stereotypes, and lack of opportunities for economic independence. Most of the data supporting these findings were more than a decade old. Without more contemporary research on why female survivors remain in or exit protective order processes, communities may miss opportunities for intervention to reduce personal, procedural, and structural impediments to safety.
{"title":"Withdrawal From the Civil Court Protection Process by Female Survivors of Domestic Violence: A Scoping Review of the Literature","authors":"Francis Barchi, Millan A. AbiNader, Ajanee Russell Hopkins, Tarisai Mchuchu-MacMillan","doi":"10.1177/15248380251395103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251395103","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, protection orders are the civil court system’s primary response to domestic violence. While there is significant evidence as to their effectiveness, as many as half of all temporary protection orders are withdrawn or dismissed before being finalized, with limited empirical research as to why. As the first step in a multi-phased research-community partnership to improve a counseling and service program for survivors of domestic violence in South Africa, we undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify what is known about why some female survivors finalize protection orders and others do not. Using a keyword search strategy in academic databases, we included peer-reviewed studies published from January 2004 to June 2024 that focused on case attrition and the factors associated with retention and/or withdrawal. Of the eight studies that met the eligibility criteria, six reported findings from the United States, one from Ecuador, and one from South Africa. Key reasons for attrition were emotional attachment, concerns for children, perceived behavior change in partner, fear of retaliation, challenges in the court processes, default at hearing, financial dependence, gender stereotypes, and lack of opportunities for economic independence. Most of the data supporting these findings were more than a decade old. Without more contemporary research on why female survivors remain in or exit protective order processes, communities may miss opportunities for intervention to reduce personal, procedural, and structural impediments to safety.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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