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Using Behavior to Catch Early Signs of Brain Degeneration 用行为来发现大脑退化的早期迹象
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.001
George J. Augustine
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引用次数: 0
Parsing Autism Heterogeneity: Transcriptomic Subgrouping of Imaging-Derived Phenotypes in Autism 解析自闭症异质性:自闭症中成像衍生表型的转录组亚组。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.001
Johanna Leyhausen , Caroline Gurr , Lisa M. Berg , Hanna Seelemeyer , Bassem Hermila , Tim Schäfer , Andreas G. Chiocchetti , Charlotte M. Pretzsch , Eva Loth , Bethany Oakley , Jan K. Buitelaar , Christian F. Beckmann , Tony Charman , Thomas Bourgeron , Eli Barthome , Tobias Banaschewski , Emily J.H. Jones , EU-AIMS LEAP Group, Declan Murphy , Christine Ecker

Background

Neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism, are highly heterogeneous at both the mechanistic and phenotypic levels. Therefore, parsing heterogeneity is vital for uncovering underlying processes that could inform the development of targeted, personalized support. We aimed to parse heterogeneity in autism by identifying subgroups that converge at both the phenotypic and molecular levels.

Methods

An imaging transcriptomics approach was used to link neuroanatomical imaging-derived phenotypes in autism to whole-brain gene expression signatures provided by the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Neuroimaging and clinical data of 359 autistic participants ages 6 to 30 years were provided by EU-AIMS (European Autism Interventions) LEAP (Longitudinal European Autism Project). Individuals were stratified using data-driven clustering techniques based on the correlation between brain phenotypes and transcriptomic profiles. The resulting subgroups were characterized on the clinical, neuroanatomical, and molecular levels.

Results

We identified 3 subgroups of autistic individuals based on the correlation between imaging-derived phenotypes and transcriptomic profiles that showed different clinical phenotypes. The individuals with the strongest transcriptomic associations with imaging-derived phenotypes showed the lowest level of symptom severity. The gene sets most characteristic for each subgroup were significantly enriched for genes previously implicated in autism etiology, including processes such as synaptic transmission and neuronal communication, and mapped onto different gene ontology categories.

Conclusions

Autistic individuals can be subgrouped based on the transcriptomic signatures associated with their neuroanatomical fingerprints, which reveal subgroups that show differences in clinical measures. The study presents an analytical framework for linking neurodevelopmental and clinical diversity in autism to underlying molecular mechanisms, thus highlighting the need for personalized support strategies.
背景:神经发育疾病,如自闭症,在机制和表型水平上都是高度异质性的。因此,分析异构性对于揭示潜在的过程至关重要,这些过程可以为开发有针对性的个性化支持提供信息。该研究旨在通过识别在表型和分子水平上趋同的亚群来分析自闭症的异质性。方法:采用成像转录组学方法将自闭症的神经解剖学成像衍生表型与Allen人脑图谱提供的全脑基因表达特征联系起来。N=359名6-30岁自闭症参与者的神经影像学和临床资料由EU-AIMS欧洲自闭症纵向项目提供。基于脑表型和转录组谱之间的相关性,使用数据驱动的聚类技术对个体进行分层。所得到的亚群在临床、神经解剖学和分子水平上具有特征。结果:基于成像衍生表型和转录组谱之间的相关性,我们确定了自闭症个体的三个亚组,这些亚组表现出不同的临床表型。与成像衍生表型有最强转录组学关联的个体表现出最低的症状严重程度。每个亚组最具特征的基因集显著富集了先前与自闭症病因有关的基因,包括突触传递和神经元交流等过程,并映射到不同的基因本体类别。结论:自闭症个体可以根据与神经解剖指纹相关的转录组特征进行亚组划分,揭示出在临床测量中表现出差异的亚组。该研究提出了一个分析框架,将自闭症的神经发育和临床多样性与潜在的分子机制联系起来,从而强调了个性化支持策略的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Neural Rewiring of Resilience: The Effects of Combat Deployment on Functional Network Architecture 弹性的神经重新布线:作战部署对功能网络架构的影响。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.017
Noga Yair , Tom Zalmenson , Omer Azriel , Dana Shamai-Leshem , Yaron Alon , Niv Tik , Lucian Tatsa-Laur , Ariel Ben-Yehuda , Daniel S. Pine , Anderson M. Winkler , Ido Tavor , Yair Bar-Haim

Background

Although combat-deployed soldiers are at high risk for developing trauma-related psychopathology, most will remain resilient for the duration and aftermath of their deployment tour. The neural basis of this type of resilience is largely unknown, and few longitudinal studies exist on neural adaptation to combat in resilient individuals for whom a pre-exposure measurement was collected. Here, we delineate changes in the architecture of functional brain networks from pre- to postcombat in psychopathology-free, resilient participants.

Methods

Tier 1 infantry recruits (n = 50) participated in this longitudinal, functional magnetic resonance imaging study together with a comparison group of university students (n = 50). Changes in within- and between-network functional connectivity were analyzed as a function of exposure group.

Results

Significant group × time interactions manifested in the default mode, cognitive control, and ventral attention networks; significant increases from baseline in both within- and between-network connectivity were noted postdeployment in soldiers only.

Conclusions

These results indicate global changes in brain functional architecture in resilient combat-deployed participants relative to age-matched students, suggesting that neural adaptation may support resilience to combat exposure.
背景:虽然战斗部署的士兵在发展创伤相关的精神病理学的高风险,大多数将保持弹性在他们的部署之旅的持续时间和后果。这种类型的弹性的神经基础在很大程度上是未知的,并且很少有关于弹性个体的神经适应战斗的纵向研究,他们收集了暴露前测量。在这里,我们描述了从战斗前到战斗后,无精神病理、有弹性的参与者的功能性脑网络结构的变化。方法:一级步兵新兵(n=50)参加了这项纵向功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究,同时还有一组大学生(n=50)。分析了暴露组对网络内和网络间功能连通性的影响。结果:显著的群体时间交互作用表现在默认模式、认知控制和腹侧注意网络中:在网络内部和网络之间的连通性从基线显著增加,仅在部署后的士兵中发现。结论:这些结果表明,相对于年龄匹配的学生,弹性战斗部署参与者的大脑功能结构发生了全面变化,表明神经适应可能支持战斗暴露的弹性。临床试验:gov标识符:NCT04651192;https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04651192。
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引用次数: 0
Neurophysiological Markers of Regulation Success in Everyday Life in Depression 抑郁症患者日常生活调节成功的神经生理标志。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.004
Jonathan P. Stange , Ellie P. Xu , Sarah L. Zapetis , Jiani Li , Lisanne Jenkins , Jagan Jimmy , Zihua Ye , Pia Sellery , Coralie S. Phanord , Erika Forbes , Timothy J. Trull , Robin J. Mermelstein , Olusola Ajilore

Background

Self-regulation is often disrupted in depression and is characterized by negative affect and inflexible parasympathetic responses. However, our understanding of brain mechanisms of self-regulatory processes has largely been limited to laboratory contexts. Measuring individual differences in self-regulatory processes in everyday life—and their neural correlates—could inform our understanding of depression phenotypes and reveal novel intervention targets that impact everyday functioning.

Methods

In individuals with remitted major depressive disorder and healthy comparison participants (N = 74), we measured 2 dimensions of regulation success in everyday life—perceived success with regulating affect and physiological success (parasympathetic augmentation following regulation attempts)—and their neural correlates using a functional magnetic resonance imaging emotion regulation task.

Results

Perceptions of success were weakly associated with physiological success and had partially distinct neural correlates. Perceived success and physiological success in everyday life predicted reduced activity in brain regions involved in emotional salience while reacting to aversive stimuli in the scanner. During reappraisal in the scanner, greater perceived success in everyday life was dimensionally associated with more reappraisal-related activity in regions involved in cognitive control (including the dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices); in contrast, physiological success predicted enhanced downregulation of salience network activity (amygdala, insula).

Conclusions

Results suggest that linking psychophysiology with behavior in everyday life can provide a window into dissociable dimensions of self-regulatory functioning. Integrating ambulatory and brain-based metrics may elucidate self-regulatory phenotypes with distinct neurophysiological mechanisms and targets for intervention to impact functioning in daily life.
背景:自我调节在抑郁症中经常被破坏,其特征是负面情绪和不灵活的副交感神经反应。然而,我们对自我调节过程的大脑机制的理解很大程度上局限于实验室环境。测量日常生活中自我调节过程的个体差异及其神经相关性,可以帮助我们了解抑郁症的表型,并揭示影响日常功能的新干预目标。方法:在重度抑郁症(rMDD)缓解的个体和健康的对照参与者(N=74)中,我们使用fMRI情绪调节任务测量了日常生活中调节成功的两个维度-调节情感的感知成功和生理成功(调节尝试后的副交感神经增强)-以及它们的神经相关性。结果:成功的感知与生理上的成功有微弱的联系,并有部分明显的神经相关。在日常生活中,感知到的成功和生理上的成功预示着在扫描仪上对厌恶刺激做出反应时,大脑中涉及情绪突出的区域的活动减少。在扫描仪中进行重新评估时,在认知控制区域(包括背外侧和背内侧前额皮质)中,日常生活中更大的感知成功与更多的重新评估相关活动在维度上相关;相反,生理上的成功预示着显著性网络活动(杏仁核、脑岛)的下调。结论:结果表明,将心理生理学与日常生活中的行为联系起来可以为自我调节功能的可分离维度提供一个窗口。整合动态和基于大脑的指标可以阐明具有不同神经生理机制的自我调节表型和干预目标,以影响日常生活功能。
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引用次数: 0
Racial Discrimination–Related Interoceptive Network Disruptions: A Pathway to Disconnection 种族歧视相关的内感受网络中断:通往断开的途径。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.011
Aziz Elbasheir , Rachel Bond , Nathaniel G. Harnett , Alfonsina Guelfo , Maya C. Karkare , Travis M. Fulton , Timothy D. Ely , Timothy J. McDermott , Ruth A. Lanius , Vishwadeep Ahluwalia , Bekh Bradley , Greg J. Siegle , Negar Fani

Background

Racial discrimination (RD) disrupts regulatory systems in minoritized individuals, particularly systems that govern attention, including attention to visceral signals (interoception). RD frequency is linked to physiological shutdown responses, characterized clinically by dissociation. We examined associations between RD frequency and functional connectivity of attention and interoceptive networks in a sample of trauma-exposed Black women, investigating potential links between connectivity and dissociation severity.

Methods

Seventy-two Black women who were recruited as part of two trauma studies underwent magnetic resonance imaging during performance of an affective Stroop (AS) task and completed dissociation and RD measures. Generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses were used to examine seed-to-voxel (seeds: bilateral amygdala and insula) functional connectivity with RD as a regressor; connectivity was examined during presentation of threat-relevant versus neutral AS distractor images. Connectivity values were extracted from significant clusters and examined in association with dissociative symptoms. We also investigated connectivity in association with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms for comparison analyses.

Results

During attention to threat-relevant AS trials, greater RD frequency was associated with less insula connectivity to several medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) clusters (false discovery rate–corrected ps < .05). Insula-mPFC connectivity was significantly and negatively associated with derealization symptoms (r = −0.31, p = .009), but not PTSD (r = −0.16, p = .182).

Conclusions

RD frequency was linked to reduced functional connectivity between the insula and mPFC, 2 interoceptive network nodes, during attention to threat, and diminished connectivity was linked to more severe dissociation. RD may interrupt interoceptive network functioning, and these network alterations may, in turn, influence mind-body disconnection, or physiological shutdown response in Black individuals.
背景:种族歧视(RD)扰乱了少数民族个体的调节系统,特别是那些控制注意力的系统,包括对内脏信号的注意(内感受)。RD频率与生理“关闭”反应有关,其临床特征是分离。我们在创伤暴露的黑人女性样本中研究了RD频率与注意和内感受网络功能连通性之间的关系,研究了连通性改变与分离严重程度的关系。方法:72名黑人女性完成了MRI扫描和分离测量,作为两项创伤研究的一部分。在执行情感Stroop任务时,RD与种子到体素(种子:双侧杏仁核和脑岛)在注意控制和内感受性脑网络中的功能连通性有关;我们检查了在观看威胁相关和中性干扰图像时的连通性。从显著集群中提取连通性值,并检查其与分离症状的关联。我们还检查了与创伤后应激障碍症状相关的连通性,以进行比较分析。结果:在关注威胁相关的情感Stroop试验中,更高的RD频率与几个内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)簇的较弱的脑岛连通性有关(fsr校正的ps)讨论:RD频率与注意威胁期间脑岛和两个内感受网络节点mPFC之间的较弱的功能连通性有关,连接减弱与更严重的分离有关。RD可能会中断内感受网络的功能,而这些网络的改变可能反过来影响黑人个体的身心脱节或生理“关闭”反应。
{"title":"Racial Discrimination–Related Interoceptive Network Disruptions: A Pathway to Disconnection","authors":"Aziz Elbasheir ,&nbsp;Rachel Bond ,&nbsp;Nathaniel G. Harnett ,&nbsp;Alfonsina Guelfo ,&nbsp;Maya C. Karkare ,&nbsp;Travis M. Fulton ,&nbsp;Timothy D. Ely ,&nbsp;Timothy J. McDermott ,&nbsp;Ruth A. Lanius ,&nbsp;Vishwadeep Ahluwalia ,&nbsp;Bekh Bradley ,&nbsp;Greg J. Siegle ,&nbsp;Negar Fani","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Racial discrimination (RD) disrupts regulatory systems in minoritized individuals, particularly systems that govern attention, including attention to visceral signals (interoception). RD frequency is linked to physiological shutdown responses, characterized clinically by dissociation. We examined associations between RD frequency and functional connectivity of attention and interoceptive networks in a sample of trauma-exposed Black women, investigating potential links between connectivity and dissociation severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-two Black women who were recruited as part of two trauma studies underwent magnetic resonance imaging during performance of an affective Stroop (AS) task and completed dissociation and RD measures. Generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses were used to examine seed-to-voxel (seeds: bilateral amygdala and insula) functional connectivity with RD as a regressor; connectivity was examined during presentation of threat-relevant versus neutral AS distractor images. Connectivity values were extracted from significant clusters and examined in association with dissociative symptoms. We also investigated connectivity in association with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms for comparison analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During attention to threat-relevant AS trials, greater RD frequency was associated with less insula connectivity to several medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) clusters (false discovery rate–corrected <em>p</em>s &lt; .05). Insula-mPFC connectivity was significantly and negatively associated with derealization symptoms (<em>r</em> = −0.31, <em>p</em> = .009), but not PTSD (<em>r</em> = −0.16, <em>p</em> = .182).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RD frequency was linked to reduced functional connectivity between the insula and mPFC, 2 interoceptive network nodes, during attention to threat, and diminished connectivity was linked to more severe dissociation. RD may interrupt interoceptive network functioning, and these network alterations may, in turn, influence mind-body disconnection, or physiological shutdown response in Black individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 30-38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural Covariance of Early Visual Cortex Is Negatively Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA PTSD Working Group 早期视觉皮层结构协方差与PTSD症状负相关:来自ENIGMA PTSD工作组的大型分析
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.005
Nathaniel G. Harnett , Soumyaa Joshi , Poornima Kumar , Courtney Russell , Daniel G. Dillon , Justin T. Baker , Diego A. Pizzagalli , Milissa L. Kaufman , Lisa D. Nickerson , Neda Jahanshad , Lauren E. Salminen , Sophia I. Thomopoulos , Jessie L. Frijling , Dick J. Veltman , Saskia B.J. Koch , Laura Nawijn , Mirjam van Zuiden , Ye Zhu , Gen Li , Jonathan Ipser , Kerry J. Ressler

Background

Identifying robust neural signatures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is important to facilitate precision psychiatry and help in understanding and treatment of the disorder. Emergent research suggests that the structural covariance of early visual regions is associated with later PTSD development. However, large-scale analyses are needed in heterogeneous samples of trauma-exposed and trauma-naïve individuals to determine whether such a neural signature is a robust marker of vulnerability.

Methods

We analyzed data from the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis)-PTSD dataset (N = 2814) and the HCP-YA (Human Connectome Project–Young Adult) dataset (N = 890) to investigate whether the structural covariance of the early visual cortex is associated with either PTSD symptoms or perceived stress. Structural covariance was derived from a multimodal pattern previously identified in recent trauma survivors, and participant loadings on the profile were included in linear mixed effects models to evaluate associations with stress.

Results

Early visual cortex covariance loadings were negatively associated with PTSD symptoms in the ENIGMA-PTSD dataset. The relationship persisted when accounting for prior childhood maltreatment; supporting PTSD symptom specificity, no relationship was observed with depressive symptoms, and no association was observed between loadings and perceived stress measures in the HCP-YA dataset.

Conclusions

The structural covariance of early visual cortex was robustly associated with PTSD symptoms across an international, heterogeneous sample of trauma survivors. Future studies should aim to identify specific mechanisms that underlie structural alterations in the visual cortex to better understand posttrauma psychopathology.
背景:识别创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状的强大神经特征对于促进精确精神病学和帮助理解和治疗该障碍具有重要意义。新兴研究表明,早期视觉区域的结构协方差与后期PTSD的发展有关。然而,需要大规模的分析——在创伤暴露和创伤幼稚个体的异质样本中——来确定这种神经特征是否是脆弱的有力标志。方法:我们分析了ENIGMA-PTSD数据集(n = 2,814)和Human Connectome Project - Young Adult (HCP-YA)数据集(n = 890)的数据,以研究早期视觉皮层的结构协方差是否与PTSD症状或感知压力相关。结构协方差来源于先前在最近的创伤幸存者中发现的多模态模式,并且参与者在剖面上的负荷被包括在线性混合效应模型中以评估与压力的关联。结果:在ENIGMA-PTSD数据集中,早期视觉皮层协方差负荷与PTSD症状呈负相关。当考虑到之前的童年虐待时,这种关系仍然存在;支持PTSD症状特异性,在HCP-YA数据集中,没有观察到与抑郁症状的关系,也没有观察到负荷和感知压力测量之间的关联。结论:早期视觉皮层的结构协方差与创伤后应激障碍症状在国际、异质创伤幸存者样本中存在显著相关。未来的研究应旨在确定视觉皮层结构改变的具体机制,以更好地理解创伤后精神病理。
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引用次数: 0
Neurite Density and Kurtosis in the Gray Matter of People With Early Schizophrenia 早期精神分裂症患者脑灰质中的神经突密度和峰度。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.06.001
Peter C. Van Dyken , Ali R. Khan , Lena Palaniyappan

Background

Classic models of diffusion-weighted imaging, especially diffusion tensor imaging, are unsuitable for application to the cortical gray matter given its high microstructural complexity. As such, most neuroimaging studies have focused on gross structural effects of schizophrenia, such as cortical thickness differences. More recently developed models, such as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), incorporate higher-resolution data and may provide more sensitive descriptions of schizophrenia pathology with more specific interpretations.

Methods

We applied the NODDI and DKI models to the cortical gray matter of people with early schizophrenia (n = 54) and healthy control participants (n = 51) from the Human Connectome Project for Early Psychosis dataset. Comparisons between groups were made using region-of-interest and clustering approaches. The effect sizes of these approaches were compared with those of cortical thickness differences. We also investigated the relationship between these parameters and lifetime antipsychotic usage.

Results

Cortical thickness differences were most prominent between groups in terms of global effect size and spatial extent. We also observed a diffuse, right hemisphere–dominant increase in mean kurtosis and isotropic diffusion fraction throughout the gray matter, which was not fully explained by partial volume effects. Additionally, a lower neurite density index (NDI) correlated with greater lifetime antipsychotic usage.

Conclusions

Increases in mean kurtosis and isotropic diffusion fraction are both markers of schizophrenia, consistent with inflammation models of the gray matter in schizophrenia. NDI reduction, reflecting intraneurite pathology, becomes prominent only in individuals with greater disease burden.
背景:经典的扩散加权成像模型,特别是扩散张量成像,不适合应用于皮层灰质,因为该区域的微观结构非常复杂。因此,到目前为止,大多数神经影像学研究都集中在精神分裂症的总体结构影响上,比如皮层厚度的差异。最近开发的模型,如神经突定向弥散和密度成像(NODDI)模型和扩散峰度成像(DKI),纳入了更高分辨率的数据,并可能提供更敏感的精神分裂症病理描述和更具体的解释。方法:我们将NODDI和DKI模型应用于来自人类连接组项目-早期精神病数据集的早期精神分裂症患者(n=54)和健康对照(n=51)的皮质灰质。使用兴趣区域和聚类方法进行组间比较。将这些方法的效应量与皮质厚度差异的效应量进行比较。我们还调查了这些参数与终生抗精神病药物使用之间的关系。结果:在整体效应大小和空间程度上,两组间皮质厚度差异最为显著。我们还观察到弥漫性的、以右半球为主的平均峰度和各向同性扩散分数在整个灰质中增加,这不能完全用部分体积效应来解释。此外,较低的神经突密度指数(NDI)与较高的终生抗精神病药物使用相关。结论:平均峰度和各向同性扩散分数的增加都是精神分裂症的标志,与精神分裂症的灰质炎症模型一致。NDI减少,反映了神经膜内病变,仅在疾病负担较大的患者中才变得突出。
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引用次数: 0
Variable Presence of an Evolutionarily New Brain Structure Is Related to Trait Impulsivity 一种进化上的新大脑结构的可变存在与特质冲动性有关。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.11.015
Ethan H. Willbrand , Samira A. Maboudian , Matthew V. Elliott , Gabby M. Kellerman , Sheri L. Johnson , Kevin S. Weiner

Background

Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct reflecting poor constraint over one’s behaviors. Clinical psychology research has identified separable impulsivity dimensions that are each unique transdiagnostic indicators for psychopathology. However, despite this apparent clinical importance, the shared and unique neuroanatomical correlates of these factors remain largely unknown. Concomitantly, neuroimaging research has identified variably present human brain structures implicated in cognition and disorder: the folds (sulci) of the cerebral cortex located in the latest-developing and most evolutionarily expanded hominoid-specific association cortices.

Methods

We tethered these 2 fields to test whether variability in one such structure in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)—the paracingulate sulcus (PCGS)—was related to individual differences in trait impulsivity. A total of 120 adult participants with internalizing or externalizing psychopathology completed a magnetic resonance imaging scan and the Three-Factor Impulsivity Index. Using precision imaging techniques, we manually identified the PCGS, when present, and acquired quantitative folding metrics (PCGS length and ACC local gyrification index).

Results

Neuroanatomical-behavioral analyses revealed that participants with leftward or symmetrical PCGS patterns had greater severity of Lack of Follow Through (LFT)—which captures inattention and lack of perseverance—than those with rightward asymmetry. Neuroanatomical-functional analyses identified that the PCGS colocalized with a focal locus found in a neuroimaging meta-analysis on a feature underlying LFT. Neither quantitative folding metric related to any impulsivity dimension.

Conclusions

This study advances understanding of the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsivity and establishes the notion that the topographical organization of distinct, hominoid-specific cortical expanses underlies separable impulsivity dimensions with robust, transdiagnostic implications for psychopathology.
背景:冲动是一个多维结构,反映了对一个人的行为缺乏约束。临床心理学研究确定了可分离的冲动维度,每个维度都是精神病理学的独特的跨诊断指标。然而,尽管这种明显的临床重要性,这些因素的共同和独特的神经解剖学相关性在很大程度上仍然未知。与此同时,神经影像学研究确定了与认知和障碍有关的不同的人类大脑结构:大脑皮层的褶皱(沟)位于最新发展和进化上扩展最多的类人猿特异性关联皮层。方法:我们将这两个领域连接起来,以测试前扣带皮层(ACC)中一个这样的结构——扣带旁沟(PCGS)的变异性是否与特质冲动的个体差异有关。120名患有内化或外化精神病理的成年参与者完成了磁共振成像扫描和三因素冲动指数。利用精密成像技术,我们手动识别出存在的PCGS,并获得了定量的折叠指标(PCGS长度和ACC局部回转指数)。结果:神经解剖学-行为分析显示,左向或对称的PCGS模式的参与者比右向不对称的参与者有更严重的缺乏跟进(LFT),这反映了注意力不集中和缺乏毅力。神经解剖学功能分析发现,PCGS与LFT基础特征的神经影像学荟萃分析中发现的病灶位点共定位。两个定量折叠指标都不涉及任何冲动性维度。结论:本研究促进了对冲动性神经解剖学相关性的理解,并确立了一种概念,即不同的、类人猿特有的皮层扩张的地形组织是冲动性可分离维度的基础,对精神病理学具有强大的跨诊断意义。
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引用次数: 0
Cerebellar Connectivity Addresses Gaps in Cognitive Deficits and Negative Symptoms in Psychosis 小脑连通性解决了精神病认知缺陷和阴性症状的空白
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.006
Katherine S.F. Damme
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引用次数: 0
Grief-Specific or Domain-General? Integrative Neuroimaging Perspectives for Understanding Long-Term Grief 特定悲伤还是一般领域?理解长期悲伤的综合神经影像学观点
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.10.008
Saren H. Seeley
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
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