Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging最新文献

英文中文

Neural Hyperresponsivity During the Anticipation of Tangible Social and Nonsocial Rewards in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Concurrent Neuroimaging and Facial Electromyography Study 自闭症谱系障碍患者在期待有形社交和非社交奖励时的神经高反应性：神经影像学和面部肌电图同步研究。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.04.006

Background

Atypical anticipation of social reward has been shown to lie at the core of the social challenges faced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, previous research has yielded inconsistent results and has often overlooked crucial characteristics of stimuli. Here, we investigated ASD reward processing using social and nonsocial tangible stimuli, carefully matched on several key dimensions.

Methods

We examined the anticipation and consumption of social (interpersonal touch) and nonsocial (flavored milk) rewards in 25 high-functioning individuals with ASD and 25 neurotypical adult individuals. In addition to subjective ratings of wanting and liking, we measured physical energetic expenditure to obtain the rewards, brain activity with neuroimaging, and facial reactions through electromyography on a trial-by-trial basis.

Results

Participants with ASD did not exhibit reduced motivation for social or nonsocial rewards; their subjective ratings, motivated efforts, and facial reactions were comparable to those of neurotypical participants. However, anticipation of higher-value rewards increased neural activation in lateral parietal cortices, sensorimotor regions, and the orbitofrontal cortex. Moreover, participants with ASD exhibited hyperconnectivity between frontal medial regions and occipital regions and the thalamus.

Conclusions

Individuals with ASD who experienced rewards with tangible characteristics, whether social or nonsocial, displayed typical subjective and objective motivational and hedonic responses. Notably, the observed hyperactivations in sensory and attentional nodes during anticipation suggest atypical sensory overprocessing of forthcoming rewards rather than decreased reward value. While these atypicalities may not have manifested in observable behavior here, they could impact real-life social interactions that require nuanced predictions, potentially leading to the misperception of reduced interest in rewarding social stimuli in ASD.

背景自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者所面临的社交挑战的核心是对社交奖赏的非典型预期。然而，以往的研究结果并不一致，而且往往忽略了刺激物的关键特征。在此，我们使用社交性和非社交性有形刺激物对自闭症奖励加工进行了研究，这些刺激物在几个关键维度上进行了仔细匹配。除了对 "想要 "和 "喜欢 "的主观评价外，我们还测量了获得奖赏的体力消耗、神经影像学的大脑活动以及通过肌电图逐次测试的面部反应。然而，对高价值奖励的预期会增加外侧顶叶皮层、感觉运动区和眶额叶皮层的神经激活。此外，患有自闭症的参与者还表现出额叶内侧区域与枕叶区域和丘脑之间的超连接性。结论患有自闭症的个体在经历了具有有形特征的奖励后，无论是社会性奖励还是非社会性奖励，都会表现出典型的主观和客观动机及享乐反应。值得注意的是，在预期过程中观察到的感觉和注意力节点的过度激活表明，他们对即将到来的奖励进行了非典型的感觉过度处理，而不是奖励价值的降低。虽然这些不典型性在这里可能没有表现为可观察到的行为，但它们可能会影响现实生活中需要细微预测的社会交往，从而可能导致人们误认为 ASD 患者对奖励性社会刺激的兴趣降低。

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IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2451-9022(24)00219-2

引用次数: 0

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IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2451-9022(24)00222-2

引用次数: 0

Electrocortical Reactivity During Self-Referential Processing Predicts the Development of Depression Across Adolescence 自我推断处理过程中的皮层电反应可预测整个青春期抑郁症的发展。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.04.016

Background

Negative attentional biases and self-schemas have been implicated in the development of depression. Research has indicated that a larger late positive potential (LPP) to negative self-referential words is associated with depression—as well as a maternal history of depression, an indicator of risk. However, it is unclear whether the LPP to self-referential words predicts the actual development of depression. In the current study, we examined whether electrocortical reactivity during self-referential processing predicted the development of depression across adolescence.

Methods

The sample consisted of 165 8- to 14-year-old girls with no lifetime history of a depressive disorder who completed the self-referential encoding task while electroencephalography was recorded at a baseline assessment. Participants and their parent completed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children at the baseline and 2-, 4-, and 6-year follow-up assessments.

Results

Results indicated that a larger LPP to negative self-referential words at baseline predicted an increased likelihood of developing chronic-intermittent depression (i.e., persistent and/or recurrent), but not nonchronic, single-episode depression, across adolescence. In contrast, neither self-referential encoding task recall biases nor the LPP to positive self-referential words predicted the development of either type of depression.

Conclusions

The results of the current study suggest that electrocortical reactivity associated with a negative self-schema in late childhood predicts the development of a more pernicious subtype of depression across adolescence. Moreover, the current study highlights the importance of considering clinical course in the examination of biomarkers of risk for depression.

背景：负性注意偏差和自我模式与抑郁症的发病有关。研究表明，对消极的自我暗示词的后期积极潜能（LPP）较大与抑郁症以及作为风险指标的母亲抑郁症病史有关。然而，自我暗示词的晚期阳性电位是否能预测抑郁症的实际发展尚不清楚。本研究探讨了自我暗示处理过程中的皮层电反应是否能预测青少年抑郁症的发展：样本包括165名8至14岁的女孩，这些女孩一生中没有抑郁症病史，她们在完成自我暗示编码任务（SRET）的同时，还在基线评估时记录了脑电图。在基线、2年、4年和6年的随访评估中，参与者及其家长填写了学龄儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症的Kiddie时间表：结果表明，基线时对消极自我暗示词的LPP越大，预测在整个青春期患慢性间歇性抑郁症（即持续性和/或复发性）的可能性就越大，但非慢性、单次发作的抑郁症则不会。相比之下，SRET回忆偏差和LPP对积极自我暗示词的反应均不能预测任何一种抑郁症的发展：本研究表明，童年晚期与消极自我概念相关的皮层电反应可预测青少年时期更严重的抑郁症亚型的发展。此外，本研究还强调了在研究抑郁症风险生物标志物时考虑临床病程的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Family Environment Modulates Linkage of Transdiagnostic Psychiatric Phenotypes and Dissociable Brain Features in the Developing Brain 家庭环境调节发育期大脑中跨诊断精神病表型与可分离大脑特征之间的联系。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.03.003

Background

Family environment has long been known for shaping brain function and psychiatric phenotypes, especially during childhood and adolescence. Accumulating neuroimaging evidence suggests that across different psychiatric disorders, common phenotypes may share common neural bases, indicating latent brain-behavior relationships beyond diagnostic categories. However, the influence of family environment on the brain-behavior relationship from a transdiagnostic perspective remains unknown.

Methods

We included a community-based sample of 699 participants (ages 5–22 years) and applied partial least squares regression analysis to determine latent brain-behavior relationships from whole-brain functional connectivity and comprehensive phenotypic measures. Comparisons were made between diagnostic and nondiagnostic groups to help interpret the latent brain-behavior relationships. A moderation model was introduced to examine the potential moderating role of family factors in the estimated brain-behavior associations.

Results

Four significant latent brain-behavior pairs were identified that reflected the relationship of dissociable brain network and general behavioral problems, cognitive and language skills, externalizing problems, and social dysfunction, respectively. The group comparisons exhibited interpretable variations across different diagnostic groups. A warm family environment was found to moderate the brain-behavior relationship of core symptoms in internalizing disorders. However, in neurodevelopmental disorders, family factors were not found to moderate the brain-behavior relationship of core symptoms, but they were found to affect the brain-behavior relationship in other domains.

Conclusions

Our findings leveraged a transdiagnostic analysis to investigate the moderating effects of family factors on brain-behavior associations, emphasizing the different roles that family factors play during this developmental period across distinct diagnostic groups.

背景：众所周知，家庭环境会塑造大脑功能和精神病表型，尤其是在儿童和青少年时期。不断积累的神经影像学证据表明，在不同的精神疾病中，共同的表型可能具有共同的神经基础，这表明大脑与行为之间存在着超越诊断类别的潜在关系。然而，从跨诊断的角度来看，家庭环境对大脑行为关系的影响仍是未知数：方法：我们以社区为基础，对 699 名受试者（5-22 岁）进行了抽样调查，并应用偏最小二乘法回归分析，从全脑功能连接和综合表型测量中确定大脑与行为之间的潜在关系。在诊断组和非诊断组之间进行比较，以帮助解释潜在的大脑行为关系。研究还引入了一个调节模型，以检验家庭因素在估计的大脑行为关联中的潜在调节作用：结果：研究发现了四个重要的潜在大脑行为对，分别反映了可分离大脑网络与一般行为问题、认知和语言技能、外化问题和社会功能障碍之间的关系。小组比较显示了不同诊断小组之间可解释的差异。研究发现，温暖的家庭环境可以缓和内化障碍核心症状的大脑行为关系。然而，在神经发育障碍中，没有发现家庭因素能调节核心症状的大脑行为关系，但发现家庭因素会影响其他领域的大脑行为关系：我们的研究结果利用了跨诊断分析，调查了家庭因素对大脑与行为关系的调节作用，强调了家庭因素在不同诊断群体的发展时期所起的不同作用。

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引用次数: 0

Associations Among Birth Weight, Adrenarche, Brain Morphometry, and Cognitive Function in Preterm Children Ages 9 to 11 Years 9-11 岁早产儿出生体重、肾上腺初潮、大脑形态测量和认知功能之间的关系。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.02.012

Background

Preterm infants with low birth weight are at heightened risk of developmental sequelae, including neurological and cognitive dysfunction that can persist into adolescence or adulthood. In addition, preterm birth and low birth weight can provoke changes in endocrine and metabolic processes that likely impact brain health throughout development. However, few studies have examined associations among birth weight, pubertal endocrine processes, and long-term neurological and cognitive development.

Methods

We investigated the associations between birth weight and brain morphometry, cognitive function, and onset of adrenarche assessed 9 to 11 years later in 3571 preterm and full-term children using the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) Study dataset.

Results

The preterm children showed lower birth weight and early adrenarche, as expected. Birth weight was positively associated with cognitive function (all Cohen’s d > 0.154, p < .005), global brain volumes (all Cohen’s d > 0.170, p < .008), and regional volumes in frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices in preterm and full-term children (all Cohen’s d > 0.170, p < .0007); cortical volume in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex partially mediated the effect of low birth weight on cognitive function in preterm children. In addition, adrenal score and cortical volume in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex mediated the associations between birth weight and cognitive function only in preterm children.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the impact of low birth weight on long-term brain structural and cognitive function development and show important associations with early onset of adrenarche during the puberty. This understanding may help with prevention and treatment.

背景：出生体重过轻的早产儿出现发育后遗症（包括神经和认知功能障碍）的风险较高，这些后遗症可能会持续到青春期或成年期。此外，早产和低出生体重会引起内分泌和新陈代谢过程的变化，从而可能影响整个发育过程中的大脑健康。然而，很少有研究对出生体重、青春期内分泌过程、长期神经和认知发育之间的关系进行研究：方法：我们利用青少年大脑认知发展数据集调查了 3571 名早产儿和足月儿的出生体重与大脑形态测量、认知功能以及 9 至 11 年后评估的肾上腺初潮之间的关系：结果：早产儿的出生体重较低，肾上腺初潮也较早，这是意料之中的。出生体重与早产儿和足月儿的认知功能（所有︱Cohen's d︱>0.154，P <0.005）、整体脑容量（所有︱Cohen's d︱>0.170，P <0.008）以及额叶、颞叶和顶叶皮层的区域容量呈正相关（所有︱Cohen's d︱>0.170，P＜0.0007）；外侧眶额皮层（lOFC）的皮质体积部分介导了低出生体重对早产儿认知功能的影响。此外，肾上腺评分和眶额叶外侧皮质体积只对早产儿出生体重和认知功能之间的关联起中介作用：这些研究结果凸显了低出生体重对大脑结构和认知功能长期发展的影响，并显示出与青春期肾上腺早发育的重要关联。这种认识可能有助于预防和治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying and Using Psychotic-Like Experiences in Clinical Practice and Public Policy 在临床实践和公共政策中识别和使用类似精神病的经历。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.006

Lorna Staines , John Hoey , Mary Cannon

引用次数: 0

Mindfulness Meditation Training Reduces Gaming Cravings by Reshaping the Functional Connectivity Between the Default Mode Network and Executive Control–Related Brain Regions 正念冥想训练通过重塑默认模式网络和执行控制相关脑区之间的功能连接，减少对游戏的渴望。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.04.011

Background

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) can lead to psychological problems and cause behavioral problems in individuals. Traditional interventions have been ineffective in treating IGD. Meanwhile, mindfulness meditation (MM) is an emerging method that has proven to be effective for treating psychiatric disorders. In this study, MM was used to intervene in IGD and to explore its neural mechanism.

Methods

Eighty participants were recruited through advertisements. Eventually, 61 completed the 1-month training (MM group, n = 31; progressive muscle relaxation [PMR] group, n = 30), including a pretest, 8 training sessions, and a posttest. Regional homogeneity and degree centrality were calculated, and the tests (pre- and post-) and group (MM and PMR) analysis of variance was performed. The overlapping results were obtained as region of interest for functional connectivity (FC) analyses. Behavioral data and neurotransmitter availability maps were correlated with FC.

Results

Compared with PMR, MM decreased the severity of addiction and game craving in IGD. Brain imaging results showed that the FC between and within the executive control and default mode networks/reward-related regions were enhanced. Significant negative correlations were observed between FC and dopamine receptor D₂, dopamine transporter, and vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Significant positive correlations were observed between FCs and serotonin and aminobutyric acid receptors.

Conclusions

This study confirmed the effectiveness of MM in treating IGD. MM altered the default mode and enhanced top-down control over game cravings. These findings were revealed by the correlations between brain regions and behavioral and biochemical effects. The results show the neural mechanism of MM in reducing IGD and lay the foundation for future research.

背景：网络游戏障碍（IGD）会导致心理问题并引发个人行为问题。传统的干预措施在治疗网络游戏障碍方面效果不佳。与此同时，正念冥想（MM）是一种新兴的方法，已被证明对治疗精神障碍有效。本研究采用正念冥想干预IGD，并探索其神经机制：方法：通过广告招募了 80 名参与者。最终，61人完成了为期一个月的训练（MM/渐进式肌肉放松：31/30），包括一次前测、八次训练和一次后测。计算了区域同质性和度中心性，并进行了测试（测试前和测试后）和分组（MM 和 PMR）方差分析。重叠结果作为功能连接（FC）分析的 ROI。行为数据和神经递质与功能连接相关：结果：与PMR相比，MM能降低IGD的成瘾严重程度和游戏渴求。脑成像结果显示，执行控制和默认模式网络（DMN）/奖励相关区域之间和内部的FC增强了。FC与多巴胺受体D2、多巴胺转运体（DAT）和乙酰胆碱受体VAChT之间呈显著负相关。FC与血清素和氨基丁酸受体之间呈显著正相关：本研究证实了 MM 治疗 IGD 的有效性。MM改变了默认模式，增强了自上而下对游戏渴望的控制。脑区与行为和生化效应之间的相关性揭示了这些发现。这些结果显示了 MM 在减少 IGD 方面的神经机制，为今后的研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Direction and Directionality: The Neural Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil Orientation and Pulse Waveform 方向与指向性：经颅磁刺激线圈方向和脉冲波形的神经效应。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.06.010

Angel V. Peterchev

引用次数: 0

Training in Cognitive Reappraisal Normalizes Whole-Brain Indices of Emotion Regulation in Borderline Personality Disorder 认知重评训练可使边缘型人格障碍患者的全脑情绪调节指数正常化。

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.03.007

Background

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the prototypical disorder of emotion dysregulation. We have previously shown that patients with BPD are impaired in their capacity to engage cognitive reappraisal, a frequently employed adaptive emotion regulation strategy.

Methods

Here, we report on the efficacy of longitudinal training in cognitive reappraisal to enhance emotion regulation in patients with BPD. Specifically, the training targeted psychological distancing, a reappraisal tactic whereby negative stimuli are viewed dispassionately as though experienced by an objective, impartial observer. At each of 5 sessions over 2 weeks, 22 participants with BPD (14 female) and 22 healthy control participants (13 female) received training in psychological distancing and then completed a widely used picture-based reappraisal task. Self-reported negative affect ratings and functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired at the first and fifth sessions. In addition to behavioral analyses, we performed whole-brain pattern expression analyses using independently defined patterns for negative affect and cognitive reappraisal implementation for each session.

Results

Patients with BPD showed a decrease in negative affect pattern expression following reappraisal training, reflecting a normalization in neural activity. However, they did not show significant change in behavioral self-reports.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this study represents the first longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging examination of task-based cognitive reappraisal training. Using a brief, proof-of-concept design, the results suggest a potential role for reappraisal training in the treatment of patients with BPD.

背景边缘型人格障碍（BPD）是典型的情绪调节障碍。方法在此，我们报告了认知重评纵向训练对加强 BPD 患者情绪调节的效果。具体来说，培训以心理疏导为目标，这是一种重新评估策略，通过这种策略，人们可以冷静地看待负面刺激，就像一个客观、公正的观察者所经历的那样。在为期两周的 5 次训练中，22 名患有 BPD 的参与者（14 名女性）和 22 名健康对照组参与者（13 名女性）分别接受了心理疏导训练，然后完成了一项广泛使用的基于图片的再评价任务。在第一和第五次训练中，他们获得了自我报告的负面情绪评分和功能磁共振成像数据。除了行为分析外，我们还使用独立定义的负性情绪模式和认知重评实施模式对每个疗程进行了全脑模式表达分析。结果BPD患者在接受重评训练后，负性情绪模式表达有所减少，反映出神经活动趋于正常。结论据我们所知，这项研究是对基于任务的认知重评训练进行的首次纵向功能磁共振成像检查。通过简短的概念验证设计，研究结果表明重评训练在治疗 BPD 患者方面具有潜在的作用。

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