Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00133-0
Allan Bybeck Nielsen MD , Mette Holm PhD , Morten S Lindhard PhD , Jonathan P Glenthøj MD , Luise Borch PhD , Ulla Hartling MD , Lisbeth S Schmidt PhD , Maren J H Rytter PhD , Annett H Rasmussen MD , Mads Damkjær PhD , Grethe Lemvik PhD , Jens J H Petersen MD , Mia J Søndergaard MD , Jesper Thaarup MD , Kim Kristensen DMSc , Lise H Jensen MD , Lotte H Hansen MD , Marie C Lawaetz MD , Martin Gottliebsen PhD , Tanja H Horsager MD , Ulrikka Nygaard PhD
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bone and joint infections<span> (BJIs) are treated with intravenous antibiotics, which are burdensome and costly. No randomised controlled studies have compared if initial oral antibiotics are as effective as intravenous therapy. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of initial oral antibiotics compared with initial intravenous antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics in children and adolescents with uncomplicated BJIs.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>From Sept 15, 2020, to June 30, 2023, this nationwide, randomised, non-inferiority trial included patients aged 3 months to 17 years with BJIs who presented to one of the 18 paediatric<span> hospital departments in Denmark. Exclusion criteria were severe infection (ie, septic shock, the need for acute surgery, or substantial soft tissue involvement), prosthetic material, comorbidity, previous BJIs, or </span></span>antibiotic therapy for longer than 24 h before inclusion. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by C-reactive protein concentration (<35 mg/L </span><em>vs</em><span><span> ≥35 mg/L), to initially receive either high-dose oral antibiotics or intravenous ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg per day in one dose). High-dose oral antibiotics were coformulated </span>amoxicillin<span><span><span> (100 mg/kg per day) and clavulanic acid (12·5 mg/kg per day) in three doses for patients younger than 5 years or </span>dicloxacillin (200 mg/kg per day) in four doses for patients aged 5 years or older. After a minimum of 3 days, and upon clinical improvement and decrease in C-reactive protein, patients in both groups received oral antibiotics in standard doses. The primary outcome was </span>sequelae<span> after 6 months in patients with BJIs, defined as any atypical mobility or function of the affected bone or joint, assessed blindly, in all randomised patients who were not terminated early due to an alternative diagnosis (ie, not BJI) and who attended the primary outcome assessment. A risk difference in sequelae after 6 months of less than 5% implied non-inferiority of the oral treatment. Safety outcomes were serious complications, the need for surgery after initiation of antibiotics, and treatment-related adverse events in the as-randomised population. This trial was registered with </span></span></span><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT04563325</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>248 children and adolescents with suspected BJIs were randomly assigned to initial oral antibiotics (n=123) or initial intravenous antibiotics (n=125). After exclusion of patients without BJIs (n=54) or consent withdrawal (n=2), 101 patients randomised to oral treatment and 91 patients randomised to intravenous treatment were included. Ten patients did not attend the primary outcome evaluation. Sequelae after 6 months occurred in none of 98 patients with BJIs in the oral group
{"title":"Oral versus intravenous empirical antibiotics in children and adolescents with uncomplicated bone and joint infections: a nationwide, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial in Denmark","authors":"Allan Bybeck Nielsen MD , Mette Holm PhD , Morten S Lindhard PhD , Jonathan P Glenthøj MD , Luise Borch PhD , Ulla Hartling MD , Lisbeth S Schmidt PhD , Maren J H Rytter PhD , Annett H Rasmussen MD , Mads Damkjær PhD , Grethe Lemvik PhD , Jens J H Petersen MD , Mia J Søndergaard MD , Jesper Thaarup MD , Kim Kristensen DMSc , Lise H Jensen MD , Lotte H Hansen MD , Marie C Lawaetz MD , Martin Gottliebsen PhD , Tanja H Horsager MD , Ulrikka Nygaard PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00133-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00133-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bone and joint infections<span> (BJIs) are treated with intravenous antibiotics, which are burdensome and costly. No randomised controlled studies have compared if initial oral antibiotics are as effective as intravenous therapy. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of initial oral antibiotics compared with initial intravenous antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics in children and adolescents with uncomplicated BJIs.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>From Sept 15, 2020, to June 30, 2023, this nationwide, randomised, non-inferiority trial included patients aged 3 months to 17 years with BJIs who presented to one of the 18 paediatric<span> hospital departments in Denmark. Exclusion criteria were severe infection (ie, septic shock, the need for acute surgery, or substantial soft tissue involvement), prosthetic material, comorbidity, previous BJIs, or </span></span>antibiotic therapy for longer than 24 h before inclusion. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by C-reactive protein concentration (<35 mg/L </span><em>vs</em><span><span> ≥35 mg/L), to initially receive either high-dose oral antibiotics or intravenous ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg per day in one dose). High-dose oral antibiotics were coformulated </span>amoxicillin<span><span><span> (100 mg/kg per day) and clavulanic acid (12·5 mg/kg per day) in three doses for patients younger than 5 years or </span>dicloxacillin (200 mg/kg per day) in four doses for patients aged 5 years or older. After a minimum of 3 days, and upon clinical improvement and decrease in C-reactive protein, patients in both groups received oral antibiotics in standard doses. The primary outcome was </span>sequelae<span> after 6 months in patients with BJIs, defined as any atypical mobility or function of the affected bone or joint, assessed blindly, in all randomised patients who were not terminated early due to an alternative diagnosis (ie, not BJI) and who attended the primary outcome assessment. A risk difference in sequelae after 6 months of less than 5% implied non-inferiority of the oral treatment. Safety outcomes were serious complications, the need for surgery after initiation of antibiotics, and treatment-related adverse events in the as-randomised population. This trial was registered with </span></span></span><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT04563325</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>248 children and adolescents with suspected BJIs were randomly assigned to initial oral antibiotics (n=123) or initial intravenous antibiotics (n=125). After exclusion of patients without BJIs (n=54) or consent withdrawal (n=2), 101 patients randomised to oral treatment and 91 patients randomised to intravenous treatment were included. Ten patients did not attend the primary outcome evaluation. Sequelae after 6 months occurred in none of 98 patients with BJIs in the oral group","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Pages 625-635"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00127-5
With long standing demand and popularity, growth hormone treatments continue to be a topic of interest for paediatric endocrinologists and general paediatricians due to ongoing issues regarding their long-term effects, the safety of childhood treatment, and the introduction of long-acting growth hormone preparations in the past decade. Moreover, uncertainty regarding how to approach individual patients and their treatment indications remains, particularly concerning tailored treatment goals and objectives; this uncertainty is further complicated by the multitude of approved indications that surpass substitution therapy. The paediatric endocrinologist thus grapples with pertinent questions, such as what defines reasonable treatment goals for each individual given their indications, and when (and how) to initiate the necessary discussions about risks and benefits with patients and their families. The aim of this Review is to offer advanced physiological concepts of growth hormone function, map out approved paediatric indications for treatment along with evidence on their effects and safety, highlight controversies and complexities surrounding childhood growth hormone treatment, and discuss the potential of long-acting growth hormone and future directions in the realm of childhood growth hormone treatment.
{"title":"Childhood growth hormone treatment: challenges, opportunities, and considerations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00127-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00127-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With long standing demand and popularity, growth hormone treatments continue to be a topic of interest for paediatric endocrinologists and general paediatricians due to ongoing issues regarding their long-term effects, the safety of childhood treatment, and the introduction of long-acting growth hormone preparations in the past decade. Moreover, uncertainty regarding how to approach individual patients and their treatment indications remains, particularly concerning tailored treatment goals and objectives; this uncertainty is further complicated by the multitude of approved indications that surpass substitution therapy. The paediatric endocrinologist thus grapples with pertinent questions, such as what defines reasonable treatment goals for each individual given their indications, and when (and how) to initiate the necessary discussions about risks and benefits with patients and their families. The aim of this Review is to offer advanced physiological concepts of growth hormone function, map out approved paediatric indications for treatment along with evidence on their effects and safety, highlight controversies and complexities surrounding childhood growth hormone treatment, and discuss the potential of long-acting growth hormone and future directions in the realm of childhood growth hormone treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages 600-610"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00110-X
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Population-based statistics on deaths from child abuse and neglect are only routinely available in countries that have reliable national statistics on child murder. For low-income and middle-income countries, relatively little is known about prevalence trends of child murder. South Africa is an exception, having conducted dedicated national studies on child murders for 2009 and 2017 to provide data on child murders overall and on child abuse and neglect-related murders. We aimed to compare child abuse and neglect-related murders in South Africa across two surveys to determine any change between 2009 and 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted two retrospective national mortuary-based surveys on murder of children aged 0–17 years for 2009 and 2017 from a proportionate random sample of medico-legal laboratories in South Africa. A sampling frame of medico-legal laboratories for each study year was prepared with stratification by medico-legal laboratory size. A minimum of 2 years after the crime was allowed before data collection to enable progression of the investigation process. Child abuse and neglect-related murders were identified using both medico-legal laboratory post-mortem autopsy reports and police data. To identify a child abuse and neglect-related murder, we primarily used the framework of abuse happening within the context of responsibility of care arrangements but broadened this to include all perpetrators and abuse identified from the data. We stratified age into 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–17 years and further stratified children younger than 5 years into early neonates (newborns killed within 6 days of birth), 7 days to 11 months, and 1–4 years. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CIs to compare rates between 2009 and 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>An estimated 458 (95% CI 377–539) children in 2009 and 213 (179–247) children in 2017 were murdered in circumstances of child abuse and neglect. The percentage of all child murders that were child abuse and neglect-related declined from 2009 to 2017 (458 [45·0%] of 1018 in 2009 <em>vs</em> 213 [25·0%] of 851 in 2017), with the overall age-standardised rate decreasing from 2·6 to 1·1 per 100 000 children aged 0–17 years (IRR 0·43 [95% CI 0·35–0·54]). Girls represented 276 (60·3%) of 458 murders in 2009, which declined to 96 (45·1%) of 213 murders in 2017, and boys represented 178 (38·9%) of 458 murders in 2009 and 109 (51·4%) of 213 murders in 2017. The decrease was statistically significant for girls in the 0–4 year (IRR 0·33 [0·22–0·49]) and 5–9 year (0·33 [0·15–0·73]) age groups and for boys in the 0–4 year age group (0·49 [0·33–0·71]). Among early neonates (within 6 days of birth), the decrease in child abuse and neglect-related murders was more pronounced among girls than among boys (IRR 0·33 [95% CI 0·19–0·56] <em>vs</em> 0·46 [0·28–0·77]).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Child abuse and neglect-related murders are com
{"title":"Child abuse and neglect-related murders in South Africa: a comparison of two national surveys in 2009 and 2017","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00110-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00110-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Population-based statistics on deaths from child abuse and neglect are only routinely available in countries that have reliable national statistics on child murder. For low-income and middle-income countries, relatively little is known about prevalence trends of child murder. South Africa is an exception, having conducted dedicated national studies on child murders for 2009 and 2017 to provide data on child murders overall and on child abuse and neglect-related murders. We aimed to compare child abuse and neglect-related murders in South Africa across two surveys to determine any change between 2009 and 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted two retrospective national mortuary-based surveys on murder of children aged 0–17 years for 2009 and 2017 from a proportionate random sample of medico-legal laboratories in South Africa. A sampling frame of medico-legal laboratories for each study year was prepared with stratification by medico-legal laboratory size. A minimum of 2 years after the crime was allowed before data collection to enable progression of the investigation process. Child abuse and neglect-related murders were identified using both medico-legal laboratory post-mortem autopsy reports and police data. To identify a child abuse and neglect-related murder, we primarily used the framework of abuse happening within the context of responsibility of care arrangements but broadened this to include all perpetrators and abuse identified from the data. We stratified age into 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–17 years and further stratified children younger than 5 years into early neonates (newborns killed within 6 days of birth), 7 days to 11 months, and 1–4 years. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CIs to compare rates between 2009 and 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>An estimated 458 (95% CI 377–539) children in 2009 and 213 (179–247) children in 2017 were murdered in circumstances of child abuse and neglect. The percentage of all child murders that were child abuse and neglect-related declined from 2009 to 2017 (458 [45·0%] of 1018 in 2009 <em>vs</em> 213 [25·0%] of 851 in 2017), with the overall age-standardised rate decreasing from 2·6 to 1·1 per 100 000 children aged 0–17 years (IRR 0·43 [95% CI 0·35–0·54]). Girls represented 276 (60·3%) of 458 murders in 2009, which declined to 96 (45·1%) of 213 murders in 2017, and boys represented 178 (38·9%) of 458 murders in 2009 and 109 (51·4%) of 213 murders in 2017. The decrease was statistically significant for girls in the 0–4 year (IRR 0·33 [0·22–0·49]) and 5–9 year (0·33 [0·15–0·73]) age groups and for boys in the 0–4 year age group (0·49 [0·33–0·71]). Among early neonates (within 6 days of birth), the decrease in child abuse and neglect-related murders was more pronounced among girls than among boys (IRR 0·33 [95% CI 0·19–0·56] <em>vs</em> 0·46 [0·28–0·77]).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Child abuse and neglect-related murders are com","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages 589-599"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00109-3
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Temporary fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) promotes lung growth and increases survival in selected fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). FETO is performed percutaneously by inserting into the trachea a balloon designed for vascular occlusion. However, reports on the potential postnatal side-effects of the balloon are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tracheomalacia in infants with CDH managed with and without FETO and other consequences related to the use of the balloon.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this multicentre, retrospective cohort study, we included infants who were live born with CDH, either with FETO or without, who were managed postnatally at four centres (UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France; BCNatal, Barcelona, Spain; and HCor-Heart Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil) between April 5, 2002, and June 2, 2021. We primarily assessed the prevalence of all (symptomatic and asymptomatic) tracheomalacia as reported in medical records among infants with and without FETO. Secondarily we assessed the prevalence of symptomatic tracheomalacia and its resolution as reported in medical records, and compared tracheal diameters as measured on postnatal x-rays. Crude and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% CIs were calculated via modified Poisson regression models with robust error variances for potential association between FETO and tracheomalacia. Variables included in the adjusted model were the side of the hernia, observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio, and gestational age at birth. Crude and adjusted mean differences and 95% CIs were calculated via linear regression models to assess the presence and magnitude of association between FETO and tracheal diameters. In infants who had undergone FETO we also assessed the localisation of balloon remnants on x-rays, and the methods used for reversal of occlusion and potential complications associated with balloon remnants as documented in clinical records. Finally we investigated whether the presence of balloon remnants was influenced by the interval between balloon removal and delivery.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>505 neonates were included in the study, of whom 287 had undergone FETO and 218 had not. Tracheomalacia was reported in 18 (6%) infants who had undergone FETO and in three (1%) who had not (aRR 6·17 [95% CI 1·83–20·75]; p=0·0030). Tracheomalacia was first reported in the FETO group at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 0·8–13·0). Symptomatic tracheomalacia was reported in 13 (5%) infants who had undergone FETO, which resolved in ten (77%) children by 55·0 months (IQR 14·0–83·0). On average, infants who had undergone FETO had a 31·3% wider trachea (with FETO tracheal diameter 7·43 mm [SD 1·24], without FETO tracheal diameter 5·10 mm [SD 0·84]; crude mean difference 2·32 [95% CI 2·11–2·54]; p<0·0001; adjusted mean difference 2·62 [95% CI 2·35–2·89]; p<0·0001). At birth, the metallic compone
{"title":"Tracheomalacia and tracheomegaly in infants and children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia managed with and without fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO): a multicentre, retrospective cohort study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00109-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00109-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Temporary fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) promotes lung growth and increases survival in selected fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). FETO is performed percutaneously by inserting into the trachea a balloon designed for vascular occlusion. However, reports on the potential postnatal side-effects of the balloon are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tracheomalacia in infants with CDH managed with and without FETO and other consequences related to the use of the balloon.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this multicentre, retrospective cohort study, we included infants who were live born with CDH, either with FETO or without, who were managed postnatally at four centres (UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France; BCNatal, Barcelona, Spain; and HCor-Heart Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil) between April 5, 2002, and June 2, 2021. We primarily assessed the prevalence of all (symptomatic and asymptomatic) tracheomalacia as reported in medical records among infants with and without FETO. Secondarily we assessed the prevalence of symptomatic tracheomalacia and its resolution as reported in medical records, and compared tracheal diameters as measured on postnatal x-rays. Crude and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% CIs were calculated via modified Poisson regression models with robust error variances for potential association between FETO and tracheomalacia. Variables included in the adjusted model were the side of the hernia, observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio, and gestational age at birth. Crude and adjusted mean differences and 95% CIs were calculated via linear regression models to assess the presence and magnitude of association between FETO and tracheal diameters. In infants who had undergone FETO we also assessed the localisation of balloon remnants on x-rays, and the methods used for reversal of occlusion and potential complications associated with balloon remnants as documented in clinical records. Finally we investigated whether the presence of balloon remnants was influenced by the interval between balloon removal and delivery.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>505 neonates were included in the study, of whom 287 had undergone FETO and 218 had not. Tracheomalacia was reported in 18 (6%) infants who had undergone FETO and in three (1%) who had not (aRR 6·17 [95% CI 1·83–20·75]; p=0·0030). Tracheomalacia was first reported in the FETO group at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 0·8–13·0). Symptomatic tracheomalacia was reported in 13 (5%) infants who had undergone FETO, which resolved in ten (77%) children by 55·0 months (IQR 14·0–83·0). On average, infants who had undergone FETO had a 31·3% wider trachea (with FETO tracheal diameter 7·43 mm [SD 1·24], without FETO tracheal diameter 5·10 mm [SD 0·84]; crude mean difference 2·32 [95% CI 2·11–2·54]; p<0·0001; adjusted mean difference 2·62 [95% CI 2·35–2·89]; p<0·0001). At birth, the metallic compone","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages 580-588"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00161-5
{"title":"The importance of ongoing follow-up for the developmental consequences of fetal therapies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00161-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00161-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages 547-549"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00160-3
{"title":"Building safe societies out of safe schools: protecting the rights of schoolgirls","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00160-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00160-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 780-782"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-18DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00129-9
{"title":"Protecting children with disabilities in armed conflict","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00129-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00129-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Pages 616-618"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Discriminatory gender norms can intersect and interact with other dimensions of discrimination—such as age, race, ethnicity, disability, education status, and sexual orientation—to shape individuals’ experiences and impact their health and wellbeing. This interaction is referred to as intersectionality. Although the theory has been in circulation since the late 1980s, only recently has it gained traction in low-income and middle-income settings, and it has yet to fully penetrate global research on adolescence. The social and structural intersectional drivers of adolescent health and wellbeing, particularly during early adolescence (age 10–14 years), are poorly understood. The evidence base for designing effective interventions for this formative period of life is therefore relatively small. In this Review, we examine how gender intersects with other forms of disadvantage in the early stages of adolescence. Analysing data from hybrid observation–intervention longitudinal studies with young adolescents in 16 countries, our aim is to inform the health and wellbeing of girls and boys from a range of social contexts, including in conflict settings. Adolescents’ perceptions about gender norms vary by context, depend on individual opinion, and are shaped by socioecological drivers of gender inequalities in health. Shifting those perceptions is therefore challenging. We argue for the importance of applying an intersectionality lens to improve health and wellbeing outcomes for young adolescents and conclude with five practical recommendations for programme design and research.
{"title":"Intersectionality, gender norms, and young adolescents in context: a review of longitudinal multicountry research programmes to shape future action","authors":"Prerna Banati PhD , Nicola Jones PhD , Caroline Moreau PhD , Kristin Mmari PhD , Anna Kågesten PhD , Karen Austrian PhD , Rebecka Lundgren PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00079-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00079-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Discriminatory gender norms can intersect and interact with other dimensions of discrimination—such as age, race, ethnicity, disability, education status, and sexual orientation—to shape individuals’ experiences and impact their health and wellbeing. This interaction is referred to as intersectionality. Although the theory has been in circulation since the late 1980s, only recently has it gained traction in low-income and middle-income settings, and it has yet to fully penetrate global research on adolescence. The social and structural intersectional drivers of adolescent health and wellbeing, particularly during early adolescence (age 10–14 years), are poorly understood. The evidence base for designing effective interventions for this formative period of life is therefore relatively small. In this Review, we examine how gender intersects with other forms of disadvantage in the early stages of adolescence. Analysing data from hybrid observation–intervention longitudinal studies with young adolescents in 16 countries, our aim is to inform the health and wellbeing of girls and boys from a range of social contexts, including in conflict settings. Adolescents’ perceptions about gender norms vary by context, depend on individual opinion, and are shaped by socioecological drivers of gender inequalities in health. Shifting those perceptions is therefore challenging. We argue for the importance of applying an intersectionality lens to improve health and wellbeing outcomes for young adolescents and conclude with five practical recommendations for programme design and research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 7","pages":"Pages 522-531"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-17DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00138-X
Catherine Lucas
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