Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101082
Allison Bridges , Dong Guo
The implementation of local sustainability policies is often hampered by differences between multi-level policy goals and the development priorities of local stakeholders. This study evaluates how an assessment of the differences between public, national, and international sustainable development priorities, such as the SDGs, might inform inclusive sustainability policies at the local level. Specifically, this paper aims to demonstrate the use of multi-stakeholder goal-alignment assessment through content analysis and public opinion surveys administered in three cities across Henan Province, China. The findings 1) draw from the systematic assessment of stakeholder priorities to identify three typologies of goal-alignment or misalignment that have implications for the design of initiatives that offer co-benefits and for the mediation of trade-offs in meeting sustainability goals, and 2) demonstrate an integrative approach to developing urban sustainability policies and programs using both top-down prescriptive sustainability goals and human-centered experiential priorities.
{"title":"Aligning stakeholder goals: Implications for inclusive urban sustainability","authors":"Allison Bridges , Dong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The implementation of local sustainability policies is often hampered by differences between multi-level policy goals and the development priorities of local stakeholders. This study evaluates how an assessment of the differences between public, national, and international sustainable development priorities, such as the SDGs, might inform inclusive sustainability policies at the local level. Specifically, this paper aims to demonstrate the use of multi-stakeholder goal-alignment assessment through content analysis and public opinion surveys administered in three cities across Henan Province, China. The findings 1) draw from the systematic assessment of stakeholder priorities to identify three typologies of goal-alignment or misalignment that have implications for the design of initiatives that offer co-benefits and for the mediation of trade-offs in meeting sustainability goals, and 2) demonstrate an integrative approach to developing urban sustainability policies and programs using both top-down prescriptive sustainability goals and human-centered experiential priorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101088
David Oscar Yawson , Godfred O. Boateng , Karl Payne , Antonio Joyette , Frederick Ato Armah
Attribution of environmental outcomes to climate change is a live debate in scholarly and policy circles. Non-scientific attribution by the lay public has value for enriching the discourse, engagements, and decisions on loss and damage, adaptation and mitigation, communication strategies, and the science-policy interface from local to international levels. There is a need for context-specific studies on perceived climate attribution by the lay public. Unlike the few previous studies that focused on attribution of extreme events to climate change by the lay public, the current paper assessed the key compositional and contextual factors that influence the attribution of environmental outcomes with slow onset to climate change. This study surveyed 441 households in eight small coastal communities in three Caribbean countries and applied a generalized linear regression model with a complementary log-log link to assess the relationship between compositional and contextual factors that influence perceived linkage between climate change and environmental outcome. At the bivariate level, the results showed that ethnicity, marital status, household head highest education, household income, and community of living were significant predictors of the likelihood of the perceived linkage between climate change and worsening environmental outcome. At the multivariate level, when all factors have been accounted for, we found that respondents with higher education were 160% more likely to indicate that climate change has adverse effects on environmental outcomes. Respondents with 10 or more years of experience in their present occupation were 73% more likely to suggest a linkage between climate change and worse environmental outcomes. Other strong predictors included income, ethnicity and community of residence. The perceived relationship between climate change and environmental outcomes differed systematically based on the compositional and contextual attributes of respondents. Several significant relationships at the bivariate level persisted at the multivariate level, indicating that the perceived linkages are robust and entrenched. It is concluded that there are heterogeneities in the perceived relationship between climate change and environmental outcomes based on the compositional and contextual factors of the households. Higher education and longer experience in the same occupation contribute significantly to climate attribution by the lay public.
{"title":"Attribution of environmental outcomes to climate change: Perceptions of coastal communities in the Caribbean","authors":"David Oscar Yawson , Godfred O. Boateng , Karl Payne , Antonio Joyette , Frederick Ato Armah","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attribution of environmental outcomes to climate change is a live debate in scholarly and policy circles. Non-scientific attribution by the lay public has value for enriching the discourse, engagements, and decisions on loss and damage, adaptation and mitigation, communication strategies, and the science-policy interface from local to international levels. There is a need for context-specific studies on perceived climate attribution by the lay public. Unlike the few previous studies that focused on attribution of extreme events to climate change by the lay public, the current paper assessed the key compositional and contextual factors that influence the attribution of environmental outcomes with slow onset to climate change. This study surveyed 441 households in eight small coastal communities in three Caribbean countries and applied a generalized linear regression model with a complementary log-log link to assess the relationship between compositional and contextual factors that influence perceived linkage between climate change and environmental outcome. At the bivariate level, the results showed that ethnicity, marital status, household head highest education, household income, and community of living were significant predictors of the likelihood of the perceived linkage between climate change and worsening environmental outcome. At the multivariate level, when all factors have been accounted for, we found that respondents with higher education were 160% more likely to indicate that climate change has adverse effects on environmental outcomes. Respondents with 10 or more years of experience in their present occupation were 73% more likely to suggest a linkage between climate change and worse environmental outcomes. Other strong predictors included income, ethnicity and community of residence. The perceived relationship between climate change and environmental outcomes differed systematically based on the compositional and contextual attributes of respondents. Several significant relationships at the bivariate level persisted at the multivariate level, indicating that the perceived linkages are robust and entrenched. It is concluded that there are heterogeneities in the perceived relationship between climate change and environmental outcomes based on the compositional and contextual factors of the households. Higher education and longer experience in the same occupation contribute significantly to climate attribution by the lay public.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101089
Rodrigo Jiliberto Herrera , Rodrigo Ramos-Jiliberto , Emilio Castillo Dintrans , Angel Allendes Caro , Luis Felipe Orellana Espinoza , Marco Billi , Marcelo Ramírez Valenzuela
The mining sector in Chile is a strategic industrial sector for the country. Existing evidence shows that it faces several serious climate change threats; precipitation and flooding, droughts, heatwaves, among others. This scene put pressure on the government and the industry to develop efficient adaptation plans. To date, adaptation plans are designed under the rather linear paradigm of predict-then-act or the impact-lea approach as they are characterized in the IPCC Assessment Report 5 (AR5). Literature and the IPCC reports have identified the limits of those planning paradigms showing the relevance of adaptation barriers or enabling conditions, which should be considered as intrinsic part of the planning problem.
In methodological terms, planning for climate change risks implies an enriched adaptation plan problem, previously characterized only by an operative climate risk management, that must be described at the beginning of the decision-making process. In this study, our objective is to contribute to the climate change adaptation planning of large-scale mining in Chile. The study is based on a climate change adaptation planning approach that overcomes the limitations of the current paradigm. In doing so, we start from the understanding that what emerges as an object of analysis from adding to the climate risks their enabling managing conditions is a social system. The social system whose function is that social climate risk management takes place. Therefore, we call it the Social Management System for Adaptation to Climate Change (SMSACC). As such the SMSACC should be the adaptation planning key object.
In the first place we modeled that system applying a qualitative system methodology and then we developed it into a mathematical model based on graph theory, in particular the signed digraphs. This allows us to simulate two types of intervention on the enlarged object of analysis of the large mining adaptation plan. On the one hand, we carried out a future scenario analysis based on prospective tools which enables us to understand the system's answer to different future behavior of its environment, including climate change. On the other hand, we simulate different strategic interventions options on the system, which facilitates understanding the system's reaction under different public policy approaches.
The modeling and simulation results provided an insightful understanding of the dilemma of social adaptation management of large mining in Chile, and as such they are useful input for the planning process.
{"title":"Modeling and scenario building for climate change adaptation planning: The case of large mining in Chile","authors":"Rodrigo Jiliberto Herrera , Rodrigo Ramos-Jiliberto , Emilio Castillo Dintrans , Angel Allendes Caro , Luis Felipe Orellana Espinoza , Marco Billi , Marcelo Ramírez Valenzuela","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mining sector in Chile is a strategic industrial sector for the country. Existing evidence shows that it faces several serious climate change threats; precipitation and flooding, droughts, heatwaves, among others. This scene put pressure on the government and the industry to develop efficient adaptation plans. To date, adaptation plans are designed under the rather linear paradigm of predict-then-act or the impact-lea approach as they are characterized in the IPCC Assessment Report 5 (AR5). Literature and the IPCC reports have identified the limits of those planning paradigms showing the relevance of adaptation barriers or enabling conditions, which should be considered as intrinsic part of the planning problem.</div><div>In methodological terms, planning for climate change risks implies an enriched adaptation plan problem, previously characterized only by an operative climate risk management, that must be described at the beginning of the decision-making process. In this study, our objective is to contribute to the climate change adaptation planning of large-scale mining in Chile. The study is based on a climate change adaptation planning approach that overcomes the limitations of the current paradigm. In doing so, we start from the understanding that what emerges as an object of analysis from adding to the climate risks their enabling managing conditions is a social system. The social system whose function is that social climate risk management takes place. Therefore, we call it the Social Management System for Adaptation to Climate Change (SMSACC). As such the SMSACC should be the adaptation planning key object.</div><div>In the first place we modeled that system applying a qualitative system methodology and then we developed it into a mathematical model based on graph theory, in particular the signed digraphs. This allows us to simulate two types of intervention on the enlarged object of analysis of the large mining adaptation plan. On the one hand, we carried out a future scenario analysis based on prospective tools which enables us to understand the system's answer to different future behavior of its environment, including climate change. On the other hand, we simulate different strategic interventions options on the system, which facilitates understanding the system's reaction under different public policy approaches.</div><div>The modeling and simulation results provided an insightful understanding of the dilemma of social adaptation management of large mining in Chile, and as such they are useful input for the planning process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the complex and multi-dimensional nature of droughts, it is not possible to assess drought-induced damage and its consequences for various social, economic, and environmental aspects of societies by relying only on a univariate index such as precipitation-based drought indices. The present study aimed to develop a practical and scientific framework based on hazard, vulnerability (social, economic, and environmental), and coping capacity to generate a drought risk map for the hot and dry climate regions of Iran. Accordingly, the Drought Hazard Index (DHI), Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI), and Drought Coping Capacity Index (DCCI) were derived from “the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)”, “16 social, economic and environmental variables” and “three social, economic variables”, respectively. The layers of all variables of the three indices in the GIS were provided, and they were combined in the form of an equation to produce a drought hazard map of central and southeastern Iran. The results indicate that the counties most and least vulnerable to drought were located in the southeast and west of the case study area, respectively. A number of large households, long distances from provincial centers, and soil erosion were the most important social, economic, and environmental factors making the southeast of the case study (including south of Sistan and Baluchestan and south of Kerman provinces) most vulnerable to drought. Due to their high drought coping capacity, counties located in the west of the case study (west of Kerman and south of Yazd provinces) were least vulnerable to drought. Extended support for low-income households by charitable organizations, tertiary education, and most importantly, a variety of jobs and career opportunities were the most important factors in reducing vulnerability in this part of Iran. Furthermore, our methodology by taking social, economic, and environmental dimensions into account as risk, vulnerability, and coping capacity indices can be far more efficient than the methods considering only risk and vulnerability factors.
{"title":"Drought risk assessment based on hazard, vulnerability, and coping capacity concepts for hot and dry climate regions of Iran","authors":"Mohsen Bostani , Taghi Tavousi , Peyman Mahmoudi , Andries Jordaan , Seyed Mahdi Amir Jahanshahi","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the complex and multi-dimensional nature of droughts, it is not possible to assess drought-induced damage and its consequences for various social, economic, and environmental aspects of societies by relying only on a univariate index such as precipitation-based drought indices. The present study aimed to develop a practical and scientific framework based on hazard, vulnerability (social, economic, and environmental), and coping capacity to generate a drought risk map for the hot and dry climate regions of Iran. Accordingly, the Drought Hazard Index (DHI), Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI), and Drought Coping Capacity Index (DCCI) were derived from “the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)”, “16 social, economic and environmental variables” and “three social, economic variables”, respectively. The layers of all variables of the three indices in the GIS were provided, and they were combined in the form of an equation to produce a drought hazard map of central and southeastern Iran. The results indicate that the counties most and least vulnerable to drought were located in the southeast and west of the case study area, respectively. A number of large households, long distances from provincial centers, and soil erosion were the most important social, economic, and environmental factors making the southeast of the case study (including south of Sistan and Baluchestan and south of Kerman provinces) most vulnerable to drought. Due to their high drought coping capacity, counties located in the west of the case study (west of Kerman and south of Yazd provinces) were least vulnerable to drought. Extended support for low-income households by charitable organizations, tertiary education, and most importantly, a variety of jobs and career opportunities were the most important factors in reducing vulnerability in this part of Iran. Furthermore, our methodology by taking social, economic, and environmental dimensions into account as risk, vulnerability, and coping capacity indices can be far more efficient than the methods considering only risk and vulnerability factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101084
Hamed Rezapouraghdam , David Hidalgo-Garcia , Osman M. Karatepe
Global ecosystems and communities are significantly impacted by climate change and extreme events. The rapid desiccation of massive wetlands, which are essential for controlling water cycles, and biodiversity, preventing floods, and supplying essential ecosystem services, is one of the most upsetting effects. The once-largest lake in the Middle East, Lake Urmia, had a significant impact on ecology, economy, and human life contributing to climate regulation, species preservation, habitat conservation, tourism and recreation, and a wide range of other ecosystem services. The Ramsar Convention classified the lake as a Wetland of International Importance, and UNESCO designated it as a Biosphere Reserve. The ecological, agricultural, and societal challenges caused by rising temperatures, improper water resource management and overuse, enhanced salinity, and declining water levels have made Lake Urmia an acute symbol of environmental vulnerability. Using Landsat imagery, this study begins a thorough analysis of changes in the Lake Urmia basin from 1990 to 2020. The endeavor aims to develop effective conservation and restoration strategies by identifying the multiple reasons that led to its vulnerable situation. The study attempts to identify the role of precipitation, temperature trends, agricultural development, population growth, water consumption, evapotranspiration, and atmospheric salt and aerosol concentrations in the desiccation of the lake. This study presents a comprehensive knowledge of the complex interplay between climate change, human activity, and water management and may have implications for the holistic recovery of the lake. The findings have the potential to improve prognostic models and inform targeted mitigation strategies for not only Lake Urmia but also for other globally threatened wetlands.
{"title":"Rising temperatures and sinking hopes: An in-depth analysis of the interplay between climate change, land use patterns, and the desiccation of a global biosphere reserve","authors":"Hamed Rezapouraghdam , David Hidalgo-Garcia , Osman M. Karatepe","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global ecosystems and communities are significantly impacted by climate change and extreme events. The rapid desiccation of massive wetlands, which are essential for controlling water cycles, and biodiversity, preventing floods, and supplying essential ecosystem services, is one of the most upsetting effects. The once-largest lake in the Middle East, Lake Urmia, had a significant impact on ecology, economy, and human life contributing to climate regulation, species preservation, habitat conservation, tourism and recreation, and a wide range of other ecosystem services. The Ramsar Convention classified the lake as a Wetland of International Importance, and UNESCO designated it as a Biosphere Reserve. The ecological, agricultural, and societal challenges caused by rising temperatures, improper water resource management and overuse, enhanced salinity, and declining water levels have made Lake Urmia an acute symbol of environmental vulnerability. Using Landsat imagery, this study begins a thorough analysis of changes in the Lake Urmia basin from 1990 to 2020. The endeavor aims to develop effective conservation and restoration strategies by identifying the multiple reasons that led to its vulnerable situation. The study attempts to identify the role of precipitation, temperature trends, agricultural development, population growth, water consumption, evapotranspiration, and atmospheric salt and aerosol concentrations in the desiccation of the lake. This study presents a comprehensive knowledge of the complex interplay between climate change, human activity, and water management and may have implications for the holistic recovery of the lake. The findings have the potential to improve prognostic models and inform targeted mitigation strategies for not only Lake Urmia but also for other globally threatened wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101075
Cleiton Hluszko , Diego Alexis Ramos Huarachi , Micaela Ines Castillo Ulloa , Rodrigo Salvador , Fabio Neves Puglieri , Antonio Carlos de Francisco
Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) are recognized for their global impacts and representation across economic, social, and environmental aspects, as well as for comprising countries that strive to lead sustainable agendas in their respective regions. With a combined economy of $25.54 trillion and 42% of the world's population, these nations are responsible for significant sustainable impacts on a global scale, eliciting interest in the practices they undertake to promote sustainability. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to identify the primary approaches employed in those countries to address sustainability. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted using the ROSES reporting standards and PRISMA Statement methodology, encompassing a sample of 93 case studies from the BRICS countries spanning the period from 2010 to 2022. The findings reveal (i) a rise in publications from 2016 to 2021, notably in China and Brazil, with a focus on the agricultural and urban sectors, and (ii) five sustainability tools emerge prominently, each with more than two applications in existing studies: Life Cycle Assessment, Multicriteria Decision Making, Cleaner Production, Material Flow Cost Accounting, and Water Footprint Assessment. These findings underscore five primary policy implications: (a) the discrepancy between scientific efforts and data regarding the sustainability impacts of the countries; (b) the need for the use of more tools to enable regional sustainable development of the countries; (c) dissemination of effective practices; (d) trends in sustainability management focusing on water management and supply, environmental protection in urban areas, decision-making for sustainable development, and environmental and waste management, and (e) the need for better-developed public policies related to environmental impact that are not currently well-represented in scientific research, aiming to promote sustainability in various critical areas.
{"title":"How do the BRICS approach sustainable concerns? A systematic literature review","authors":"Cleiton Hluszko , Diego Alexis Ramos Huarachi , Micaela Ines Castillo Ulloa , Rodrigo Salvador , Fabio Neves Puglieri , Antonio Carlos de Francisco","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) are recognized for their global impacts and representation across economic, social, and environmental aspects, as well as for comprising countries that strive to lead sustainable agendas in their respective regions. With a combined economy of $25.54 trillion and 42% of the world's population, these nations are responsible for significant sustainable impacts on a global scale, eliciting interest in the practices they undertake to promote sustainability. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to identify the primary approaches employed in those countries to address sustainability. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted using the ROSES reporting standards and PRISMA Statement methodology, encompassing a sample of 93 case studies from the BRICS countries spanning the period from 2010 to 2022. The findings reveal (i) a rise in publications from 2016 to 2021, notably in China and Brazil, with a focus on the agricultural and urban sectors, and (ii) five sustainability tools emerge prominently, each with more than two applications in existing studies: Life Cycle Assessment, Multicriteria Decision Making, Cleaner Production, Material Flow Cost Accounting, and Water Footprint Assessment. These findings underscore five primary policy implications: (a) the discrepancy between scientific efforts and data regarding the sustainability impacts of the countries; (b) the need for the use of more tools to enable regional sustainable development of the countries; (c) dissemination of effective practices; (d) trends in sustainability management focusing on water management and supply, environmental protection in urban areas, decision-making for sustainable development, and environmental and waste management, and (e) the need for better-developed public policies related to environmental impact that are not currently well-represented in scientific research, aiming to promote sustainability in various critical areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101075"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101069
Helen Pheasey, Richard A. Griffiths, David L. Roberts
Many poor rural communities rely on biodiversity to fulfil basic livelihood requirements. Trade bans of natural resources often conflict with poverty alleviation and can stimulate illegal trade. Understanding markets, prices and profitability along both legal and illegal trade chains is crucial if appropriate regulatory mechanisms are to be implemented. Using the legal extraction of sea turtle eggs from Ostional, we used a mixed-methods approach to analyse the legal domestic supply chain. We used semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and data on the volume and destinations of egg sales to conduct a value chain analysis. We found an inequitable distribution of revenue along the legal supply chain, with middlemen profiting the most. Geographical barriers to trade flows and competition with illegal trade meant higher profits were achieved by sending the largest volume of the furthest distance. However, this increased the vulnerability of local traders to fluctuations in supply. Comparing legal and illegal trade routes, we identified potential laundering hotspots on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. Illegal eggs were cheaper than legal eggs available from Ostional. However, given the volume of Ostional eggs supplying the Caribbean and the fragility of local trader livelihoods, we advise caution in altering any management plan that could impact supply to this region, fearing a dwindling supply of legal eggs may stimulate illegal extraction in the Caribbean. Our research is directly relevant to the policies of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, Convention on Biological Diversity and UN Sustainable Development Goals as our research enhances our understanding of how natural resource use can help alleviate poverty, improve local livelihoods and inform policy regarding wildlife laundering.
{"title":"The legal and illegal supply chains of sea turtle eggs in Costa Rica","authors":"Helen Pheasey, Richard A. Griffiths, David L. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many poor rural communities rely on biodiversity to fulfil basic livelihood requirements. Trade bans of natural resources often conflict with poverty alleviation and can stimulate illegal trade. Understanding markets, prices and profitability along both legal and illegal trade chains is crucial if appropriate regulatory mechanisms are to be implemented. Using the legal extraction of sea turtle eggs from Ostional, we used a mixed-methods approach to analyse the legal domestic supply chain. We used semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and data on the volume and destinations of egg sales to conduct a value chain analysis. We found an inequitable distribution of revenue along the legal supply chain, with middlemen profiting the most. Geographical barriers to trade flows and competition with illegal trade meant higher profits were achieved by sending the largest volume of the furthest distance. However, this increased the vulnerability of local traders to fluctuations in supply. Comparing legal and illegal trade routes, we identified potential laundering hotspots on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. Illegal eggs were cheaper than legal eggs available from Ostional. However, given the volume of Ostional eggs supplying the Caribbean and the fragility of local trader livelihoods, we advise caution in altering any management plan that could impact supply to this region, fearing a dwindling supply of legal eggs may stimulate illegal extraction in the Caribbean. Our research is directly relevant to the policies of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, Convention on Biological Diversity and UN Sustainable Development Goals as our research enhances our understanding of how natural resource use can help alleviate poverty, improve local livelihoods and inform policy regarding wildlife laundering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101069"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101083
Wiratni Budhijanto , Ni Nyoman Nepi Marleni , Adhin Harum Wulaningtyas , Indah Istiqomah , Johan Syafri Mahathir Ahmad , Lisendra Marbelia
The Indonesian government established a nationwide community-based Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) treatment program as an intermediate treatment facility designed to serve 400 households. The facility is called TPS3R (Tempat Pengolahan Sampah dengan Reuse-Reduce-Recycle, translated into MSW Treatment Facility based on Reduce-Reuse-Recycle). Of the 922 TPS3R units nationwide, only 538 (58.35%) were functional. Owing to this low success rate, the government should evaluate the TPS3Rs situation before planning to build 307 new TPS3Rs from 2023 to 2024. This study compares the economic feasibility of intermediate treatment facilities at two scales: TPS3R Bramamuda (2 tons of MSW/day) and TPST Sinduadi (18 tons of MSW/day). The treatment cost for TPS3R Bramamuda was Rp. 742,000 (USD 50)/ton MSW, whereas that for TPST Sinduadi was Rp. 298,000 (USD 20)/ton MSW. However, the current tipping fees of both units were lower than the treatment costs. TPST Sinduadi downstream processing was crucial for offsetting treatment costs and tipping the fee gap. TPS3R Bramamuda did not have an extensive downstream business and relied on government grants to survive. Based on this study, several policy recommendations were proposed: 1) reasonability of the economic analysis and business plan should be included as one of the criteria to disburse state grants; 2) the government should guarantee the off-takers of the MSW treatment products; 3) the government should employ new methods to force the community to sort their garbage by enforcing a fair reward and penalty system; and 4) exploration of technology applications to charge the community with variable retributions, depending on their waste segregation compliance.
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis on community-based municipal solid waste processing facilities: A case study in Sleman Regency Indonesia","authors":"Wiratni Budhijanto , Ni Nyoman Nepi Marleni , Adhin Harum Wulaningtyas , Indah Istiqomah , Johan Syafri Mahathir Ahmad , Lisendra Marbelia","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Indonesian government established a nationwide community-based Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) treatment program as an intermediate treatment facility designed to serve 400 households. The facility is called TPS3R (<em>Tempat Pengolahan Sampah dengan Reuse-Reduce-Recycle</em>, translated into MSW Treatment Facility based on Reduce-Reuse-Recycle). Of the 922 TPS3R units nationwide, only 538 (58.35%) were functional. Owing to this low success rate, the government should evaluate the TPS3Rs situation before planning to build 307 new TPS3Rs from 2023 to 2024. This study compares the economic feasibility of intermediate treatment facilities at two scales: TPS3R Bramamuda (2 tons of MSW/day) and TPST Sinduadi (18 tons of MSW/day). The treatment cost for TPS3R Bramamuda was Rp. 742,000 (USD 50)/ton MSW, whereas that for TPST Sinduadi was Rp. 298,000 (USD 20)/ton MSW. However, the current tipping fees of both units were lower than the treatment costs. TPST Sinduadi downstream processing was crucial for offsetting treatment costs and tipping the fee gap. TPS3R Bramamuda did not have an extensive downstream business and relied on government grants to survive. Based on this study, several policy recommendations were proposed: 1) reasonability of the economic analysis and business plan should be included as one of the criteria to disburse state grants; 2) the government should guarantee the off-takers of the MSW treatment products; 3) the government should employ new methods to force the community to sort their garbage by enforcing a fair reward and penalty system; and 4) exploration of technology applications to charge the community with variable retributions, depending on their waste segregation compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101086
Baodong Ma , Renfeng Gao , Defu Che , Zhongyin Xu , Duo Wang , Yanen Sun
Coal has been crucial in driving economic development and production construction. However, the mining-induced subsidence may cause irreversible damage to the surrounding environment of vegetation growth. Meanwhile, with the worsening of global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme water-related weather events, such as droughts and excessive rainfall, are on the rise, which leads to heightened impacts on ecosystems and agricultural production. Consequently, extreme water-related weather, the distribution of land subsidence, and its effect on vegetation have attracted significant attention. Based on the Sentinel-1 radar data and Sentinel-2 multispectral data from 2017 to 2022, the SBAS-InSAR technology, the object-oriented classification, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were employed respectively in the study to obtain the spatial-temporal evolution of land subsidence, subsidence-induced water, and crop growth in Tiefa mining area, a representative coal mining area in Northeast China. Moreover, the relationship between land subsidence, subsidence-induced water, and vegetation change was analyzed combined with summer precipitation data. The results showed that: (1) The average cumulative subsidence of the mining area was 256.8 mm, and the subsidence area was 42.525 km2 for the six years. Among them, the heaviest subsidence reached a maximum of 380.5 mm in 2022, and the largest subsidence area was 20.109 km2 in 2017. (2) When the rainfall was excessive, the area of subsidence-induced water would increase sharply, with a proportion jumping to 9.71% from 5.37%, which indicated the subsidence would further amplify the destructive effect of excessive rainfall and waterlogging on land resources. (3) In addition to the existing water pits, ground cracks and shallow subsidence pits appeared under the influence of underground coal mining. The direct impact of ground cracks on crops was not apparent, while the effect of subsidence pits on crops under different rainfall conditions was dual character. In dry years, crops in the subsidence pits could grow better due to higher soil moisture. In wet years, crops in the subsidence pits would suffer the more severe waterlogging. The research results are of great significance for further understanding the influence of coal mining on surface vegetation in mining areas in Northeast China.
{"title":"Multisource remote sensing monitoring and analyzing for land subsidence and crop growth in a coal mining area under different rainfall conditions","authors":"Baodong Ma , Renfeng Gao , Defu Che , Zhongyin Xu , Duo Wang , Yanen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal has been crucial in driving economic development and production construction. However, the mining-induced subsidence may cause irreversible damage to the surrounding environment of vegetation growth. Meanwhile, with the worsening of global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme water-related weather events, such as droughts and excessive rainfall, are on the rise, which leads to heightened impacts on ecosystems and agricultural production. Consequently, extreme water-related weather, the distribution of land subsidence, and its effect on vegetation have attracted significant attention. Based on the Sentinel-1 radar data and Sentinel-2 multispectral data from 2017 to 2022, the SBAS-InSAR technology, the object-oriented classification, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were employed respectively in the study to obtain the spatial-temporal evolution of land subsidence, subsidence-induced water, and crop growth in Tiefa mining area, a representative coal mining area in Northeast China. Moreover, the relationship between land subsidence, subsidence-induced water, and vegetation change was analyzed combined with summer precipitation data. The results showed that: (1) The average cumulative subsidence of the mining area was 256.8 mm, and the subsidence area was 42.525 km<sup>2</sup> for the six years. Among them, the heaviest subsidence reached a maximum of 380.5 mm in 2022, and the largest subsidence area was 20.109 km<sup>2</sup> in 2017. (2) When the rainfall was excessive, the area of subsidence-induced water would increase sharply, with a proportion jumping to 9.71% from 5.37%, which indicated the subsidence would further amplify the destructive effect of excessive rainfall and waterlogging on land resources. (3) In addition to the existing water pits, ground cracks and shallow subsidence pits appeared under the influence of underground coal mining. The direct impact of ground cracks on crops was not apparent, while the effect of subsidence pits on crops under different rainfall conditions was dual character. In dry years, crops in the subsidence pits could grow better due to higher soil moisture. In wet years, crops in the subsidence pits would suffer the more severe waterlogging. The research results are of great significance for further understanding the influence of coal mining on surface vegetation in mining areas in Northeast China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101079
Anjali Thapaliya , Mohan B. Dangi , John J. Boland , Kedar Rijal , Saroj Adhikari
Solid waste management (SWM) is a challenging environmental issue globally, with developing nations experiencing considerable difficulties in its efficient and effective implementation. Urban slum areas within these regions, particularly, have been reported to face unique challenges in SWM due to a combination of factors, including the low socio-economic status of residents, high population density, inadequate infrastructure, and a thriving informal economy. Despite these critical concerns, most SWM research in Nepal has concentrated on major cities and tourist hotspots. As a result, the condition of SWM in urban slum areas, typically found along the banks of major rivers in Nepal, remains a critical yet neglected aspect in research and policy discussions. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate SWM in the densely populated urban slum areas situated along the Bagmati River, a key river system in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Four major slum locations within the central metropolitan area of Kathmandu—Sinamangal, Thapathali, Teku, and Balkhu—were selected for the study, and systematic random sampling and characterization of household solid waste was conducted. The results reveal that the average household solid waste generation rates in the four study sites were 155.32 g capita−1 d−1, 124.69 g capita−1 d−1, 149.9 g capita−1 d−1, and 218.44 g capita−1 d−1, respectively. Organic wastes was the most prevalent type, comprising 63.34% of the total waste, followed by paper and paper products (13.72%), plastics (12.15%), dirt and construction debris (5.57%), glass (4.31%), and other wastes (0.91%). Qualitative data from the survey revealed that although municipal waste management programs exist, awareness and participation among residents were limited. As a result, many households ended up managing their waste on their own, often in an unscientific manner polluting the river water in the vicinity. The study offers critical insights for policymakers, operators, and regulators in addressing the growing challenges of SWM. Findings are expected to aid in the sustainable management of solid waste along the river basin in central urban regions of the capital city. Under Nepal's new federal governance system, provincial and local governments are recommended to collaborate with all stakeholders, including households, to develop comprehensive, multimodal SWM strategies that also address the needs of slum areas.
{"title":"Solid waste characterization in the slum areas of Bagmati River—A case of Kathmandu, Nepal","authors":"Anjali Thapaliya , Mohan B. Dangi , John J. Boland , Kedar Rijal , Saroj Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid waste management (SWM) is a challenging environmental issue globally, with developing nations experiencing considerable difficulties in its efficient and effective implementation. Urban slum areas within these regions, particularly, have been reported to face unique challenges in SWM due to a combination of factors, including the low socio-economic status of residents, high population density, inadequate infrastructure, and a thriving informal economy. Despite these critical concerns, most SWM research in Nepal has concentrated on major cities and tourist hotspots. As a result, the condition of SWM in urban slum areas, typically found along the banks of major rivers in Nepal, remains a critical yet neglected aspect in research and policy discussions. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate SWM in the densely populated urban slum areas situated along the Bagmati River, a key river system in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Four major slum locations within the central metropolitan area of Kathmandu—Sinamangal, Thapathali, Teku, and Balkhu—were selected for the study, and systematic random sampling and characterization of household solid waste was conducted. The results reveal that the average household solid waste generation rates in the four study sites were 155.32 g capita<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, 124.69 g capita<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, 149.9 g capita<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, and 218.44 g capita<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Organic wastes was the most prevalent type, comprising 63.34% of the total waste, followed by paper and paper products (13.72%), plastics (12.15%), dirt and construction debris (5.57%), glass (4.31%), and other wastes (0.91%). Qualitative data from the survey revealed that although municipal waste management programs exist, awareness and participation among residents were limited. As a result, many households ended up managing their waste on their own, often in an unscientific manner polluting the river water in the vicinity. The study offers critical insights for policymakers, operators, and regulators in addressing the growing challenges of SWM. Findings are expected to aid in the sustainable management of solid waste along the river basin in central urban regions of the capital city. Under Nepal's new federal governance system, provincial and local governments are recommended to collaborate with all stakeholders, including households, to develop comprehensive, multimodal SWM strategies that also address the needs of slum areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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