The evolving landscape of food safety is increasingly challenged by diverse contaminants, underscoring the need for rapid, sensitive, and consumer-friendly detection technologies. While conventional laboratory-based assays provide high analytical accuracy, they are often costly, labor-intensive, and unsuitable for real-time monitoring. Aptasensors have recently gained attention as promising alternatives due to their high specificity, thermal stability, and adaptability for diverse food safety applications. Advances in Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) methodologies, nanomaterial-assisted transduction, and signal amplification have supported versatile platforms. Recent innovations include AI-assisted fluorescent aptasensors, paper-based and microfluidic devices, and smartphone-integrated systems for point-of-care applications. Dual-mode aptasensors further enhance sensitivity and recovery, broadening their practical utility. However, challenges remain regarding reproducibility, long-term stability, scalability, and regulatory validation. This mini-review highlights innovations, persisting limitations, and integration opportunities, emphasizing the potential of aptasensors to support responsive and regulation-compliant food safety monitoring.
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