Pub Date : 2020-11-15DOI: 10.2115/fiberst.2020-0038
Michio Urushisaki, T. Hashimoto, T. Sakaguchi
: To develop novel epoxy resins having both high adhesion and excellent heat resistance, radical copolymerizations of 4-vinyloxybutyl glycidyl ether (VBGE) or 2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl glycidyl ether (VEEGE) with N-phenylmaleimide (NPMI), in addition to copolymerization of 2-vinyloxyethyl glycidyl ether (VEGE) with NPMI, which was reported in our previous study, were carried out. The effects of flexibility of the central chain unit of epoxy-containing vinyl ethers (VEs) on the thermal, mechanical, and adhesive properties of the obtained copolymers were investigated. These radical copolymerizations using AIBN as an initiator in benzene at 60 ̊C afforded copolymers having number-average molecular weights of 91,000 to 161,000 in high yield. 1 H NMR analysis showed that the structure of the obtained copolymers consisted of VBGE unit or VEEGE unit and NPMI unit. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the copolymers depended on the composition of the copolymers and decreased as the flexibility of the pendant moiety of VE units increased. The thermal decomposition temperature ( T d ) of the obtained copolymers was higher than 300 ̊C, indicating their high heat resistance. Tensile shear adhesion strength and tensile strength of the cured copolymers (epoxy content: 2.52~2.63 mmol/g) obtained by curing reaction with polyfunctional aromatic amines were measured. Tensile shear adhesion strength was 1.8 to 4.6 N/mm 2 and tensile strength was 21 to 28 MPa, which was found to depend on the flexibility of the pendant moieties of the VE units in the copolymer.
{"title":"Synthesis of Novel Epoxy Resins by Radical Copolymerization of Various Vinyl Ethers having an Epoxy Group with N-Phenylmaleimide and Properties of Their Cured Resins","authors":"Michio Urushisaki, T. Hashimoto, T. Sakaguchi","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0038","url":null,"abstract":": To develop novel epoxy resins having both high adhesion and excellent heat resistance, radical copolymerizations of 4-vinyloxybutyl glycidyl ether (VBGE) or 2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl glycidyl ether (VEEGE) with N-phenylmaleimide (NPMI), in addition to copolymerization of 2-vinyloxyethyl glycidyl ether (VEGE) with NPMI, which was reported in our previous study, were carried out. The effects of flexibility of the central chain unit of epoxy-containing vinyl ethers (VEs) on the thermal, mechanical, and adhesive properties of the obtained copolymers were investigated. These radical copolymerizations using AIBN as an initiator in benzene at 60 ̊C afforded copolymers having number-average molecular weights of 91,000 to 161,000 in high yield. 1 H NMR analysis showed that the structure of the obtained copolymers consisted of VBGE unit or VEEGE unit and NPMI unit. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the copolymers depended on the composition of the copolymers and decreased as the flexibility of the pendant moiety of VE units increased. The thermal decomposition temperature ( T d ) of the obtained copolymers was higher than 300 ̊C, indicating their high heat resistance. Tensile shear adhesion strength and tensile strength of the cured copolymers (epoxy content: 2.52~2.63 mmol/g) obtained by curing reaction with polyfunctional aromatic amines were measured. Tensile shear adhesion strength was 1.8 to 4.6 N/mm 2 and tensile strength was 21 to 28 MPa, which was found to depend on the flexibility of the pendant moieties of the VE units in the copolymer.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47943261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.2115/fiberst.2020-0035
Song Liu, T. Sumi, Y. Mukai
: The separation of protein plays a critical role in the protein production process. A functionalized nanofiber fabric was prepared by immobilizing Cibacron Blue (CB) on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber fabric produced by an electrospinning method. To evaluate its separation performance, the adsorption test of bovine serum albumin (BSA), a kind of protein, was conducted using this fabric. The CB molecules were immobilized by the covalent bonding of hydroxyl group of PVA and chlorinated triazine ring of CB under alkaline condition. The adsorption test of CB-enhanced affinity PVA nanofiber fabric was conducted by soaking it into the BSA solution as an adsorbate. As a result, after enhancing affinity by CB, the BSA adsorption amount of the PVA nanofiber fabric indicates a significant increase due to functionalization. Moreover, the adsorption characteristics were heavily dependent on the solution environment.
蛋白质的分离在蛋白质生产过程中起着至关重要的作用。以静电纺丝法制备的聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维织物为材料，将Cibacron Blue (CB)固定在织物上，制备了功能化纳米纤维织物。为评价其分离性能，利用该织物对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)进行了吸附试验。在碱性条件下，通过聚乙烯醇羟基与氯化三嗪环的共价键固定化CB分子。将cb增强亲和PVA纳米纤维织物作为吸附物浸泡在BSA溶液中，进行吸附试验。结果表明，在炭黑增强亲和性后，PVA纳米纤维织物的BSA吸附量由于功能化而显著增加。此外，吸附特性严重依赖于溶液环境。
{"title":"Development of Cibacron Blue-Enhanced Affinity Nanofiber Fabric for Protein Adsorption","authors":"Song Liu, T. Sumi, Y. Mukai","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0035","url":null,"abstract":": The separation of protein plays a critical role in the protein production process. A functionalized nanofiber fabric was prepared by immobilizing Cibacron Blue (CB) on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber fabric produced by an electrospinning method. To evaluate its separation performance, the adsorption test of bovine serum albumin (BSA), a kind of protein, was conducted using this fabric. The CB molecules were immobilized by the covalent bonding of hydroxyl group of PVA and chlorinated triazine ring of CB under alkaline condition. The adsorption test of CB-enhanced affinity PVA nanofiber fabric was conducted by soaking it into the BSA solution as an adsorbate. As a result, after enhancing affinity by CB, the BSA adsorption amount of the PVA nanofiber fabric indicates a significant increase due to functionalization. Moreover, the adsorption characteristics were heavily dependent on the solution environment.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46408299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colored yarns interweaving in accordance with specific weave structure provides the opportunity for textile designers to create an enormous number of mixing color effects on fabric surface. The key point of this idea is to search an appropriate model to match the optical mixing color of a fabric with the targeted or desired color. Based on the present prediction models such as K/S , Log ( K/S ), S-N and Friele model for colored yarn mixing, this study proposes a new color mixing model with a variable parameter to predict optical mixing color values of yarn-dyed fabrics. In order to optimize the model and improve the adaptive capacity for different kinds of yarn materials, a constant σ is introduced. Using a fitting approximation algorithm, the optimal value of constant σ of the model can be found per different yarns and interweave density of fabrics. Compared with previous models, the new model has much lower color differences.
{"title":"New Color Mixing Model to Predict Mixed Color Values of Yarn-Dyed Fabrics","authors":"Zhu Weijing, Qizheng Li, Fei-Meng Zhang, Xiaoke Jin, Chengyan Zhu","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Colored yarns interweaving in accordance with specific weave structure provides the opportunity for textile designers to create an enormous number of mixing color effects on fabric surface. The key point of this idea is to search an appropriate model to match the optical mixing color of a fabric with the targeted or desired color. Based on the present prediction models such as K/S , Log ( K/S ), S-N and Friele model for colored yarn mixing, this study proposes a new color mixing model with a variable parameter to predict optical mixing color values of yarn-dyed fabrics. In order to optimize the model and improve the adaptive capacity for different kinds of yarn materials, a constant σ is introduced. Using a fitting approximation algorithm, the optimal value of constant σ of the model can be found per different yarns and interweave density of fabrics. Compared with previous models, the new model has much lower color differences.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47349259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.2115/fiberst.2020-0039
A. Isogai
: Nanocelluloses are prepared by downsizing plant cellulose fibers, which are efficiently produced at the industrial level as paper and dissolving pulps from renewable wood biomass resources. The number of scientific publications and patents concerning nanocelluloses has been increasing every year, because nanocelluloses are expected to contribute to creation of a sustainable society partly in place of petroleum-based materials. Nanocelluloses are categorized as cellulose nanonetworks (CNNeWs), cellulose nanofibrils or nanofibers (CNFs), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) depending on their morphologies, originating from crystalline cellulose microfibrils abundantly present in each plant cellulose fiber. When no chemical pretreatment is applied to plant cellulose fibers, only CNNeW-type nanocelluloses with heterogeneous morphologies are obtained even after harsh mechanical disintegration in water. In contrast, when position-selective chemical pretreatment is applied to plant cellulose fibers for introduction of a large amount of charged groups on the cellulose microfibril surfaces, CNFs and CNCs with homogeneous ~3 nm widths can be prepared from the chemically pretreated plant cellulose fibers by gentle mechanical disintegration in water. These charged groups are used as scaffolds to add diverse functionalities to nanocelluloses by simple ion exchange in water. Chemical modifications of nanocellulose surfaces, hydrogels, preparation of nanocellulose-containing composites with various organic and inorganic compounds, the fabrication processes from nanocellulose/water dispersions to dried films, fibers, and porous materials, as well as their versatile applications, have been extensively reported in the last few years. In this review, some research topics are selected from nanocellulose-related publications and briefly overviewed.
{"title":"Cellulose Nanofibers: Recent Progress and Future Prospects","authors":"A. Isogai","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0039","url":null,"abstract":": Nanocelluloses are prepared by downsizing plant cellulose fibers, which are efficiently produced at the industrial level as paper and dissolving pulps from renewable wood biomass resources. The number of scientific publications and patents concerning nanocelluloses has been increasing every year, because nanocelluloses are expected to contribute to creation of a sustainable society partly in place of petroleum-based materials. Nanocelluloses are categorized as cellulose nanonetworks (CNNeWs), cellulose nanofibrils or nanofibers (CNFs), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) depending on their morphologies, originating from crystalline cellulose microfibrils abundantly present in each plant cellulose fiber. When no chemical pretreatment is applied to plant cellulose fibers, only CNNeW-type nanocelluloses with heterogeneous morphologies are obtained even after harsh mechanical disintegration in water. In contrast, when position-selective chemical pretreatment is applied to plant cellulose fibers for introduction of a large amount of charged groups on the cellulose microfibril surfaces, CNFs and CNCs with homogeneous ~3 nm widths can be prepared from the chemically pretreated plant cellulose fibers by gentle mechanical disintegration in water. These charged groups are used as scaffolds to add diverse functionalities to nanocelluloses by simple ion exchange in water. Chemical modifications of nanocellulose surfaces, hydrogels, preparation of nanocellulose-containing composites with various organic and inorganic compounds, the fabrication processes from nanocellulose/water dispersions to dried films, fibers, and porous materials, as well as their versatile applications, have been extensively reported in the last few years. In this review, some research topics are selected from nanocellulose-related publications and briefly overviewed.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46915558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.2115/fiberst.2020-0037
J. Ruben, M. Murugan, J. José
: Fibre Reinforced Polymer is a new type of reinforced material that can be produced by using fibres and resins. It is an effective and economical material used for repair of new and existing structures in construction. This type of composite materials also have good mechanical properties such as impact resistance, strength, stiffness, flexibility and load carrying ability. Use of FRP for confinement has proved to be effective which is classified into two types retrofitting and strengthening. This study is determining the potential of aramid FRP composites in strengthening of RC beams. Mechanical characteristics of Aramid Fibre Reinforced Polymer (AFRP) confined concrete specimens can be analysed by conducting compression, split tension and flexural tests. Shear strength of AFRP wrapped RC beam was also taken into account. From the experimental results it is evidenced that the beams wrapped with AFRP possess better strength than the unconfined beams in both wrapping of single and double plies.
{"title":"The Effect of Aramid Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites for Strengthening RC Beams","authors":"J. Ruben, M. Murugan, J. José","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0037","url":null,"abstract":": Fibre Reinforced Polymer is a new type of reinforced material that can be produced by using fibres and resins. It is an effective and economical material used for repair of new and existing structures in construction. This type of composite materials also have good mechanical properties such as impact resistance, strength, stiffness, flexibility and load carrying ability. Use of FRP for confinement has proved to be effective which is classified into two types retrofitting and strengthening. This study is determining the potential of aramid FRP composites in strengthening of RC beams. Mechanical characteristics of Aramid Fibre Reinforced Polymer (AFRP) confined concrete specimens can be analysed by conducting compression, split tension and flexural tests. Shear strength of AFRP wrapped RC beam was also taken into account. From the experimental results it is evidenced that the beams wrapped with AFRP possess better strength than the unconfined beams in both wrapping of single and double plies.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41717054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0034
K. Gotoh
: Surface functionalization of fibers is one of powerful meanings for improvement of textile performances. In this review, two atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ), plasma oxidation with nitrogen gas and plasma-induced polymer coating with hexamethyldisiloxane, are utilized for the surface functionalization of synthetic fibers, poly (ethylene terephthalate), PET. The PET film with a geometrical simplicity and natural fiber, wool, are also used as materials. The topographical and chemical changes due to the plasma‒PET surface interaction are clearly observed after the APPJ treatments. The APPJ oxidation roughens the PET surface as well as increases the surface atomic oxygen concentration, which makes it hydrophilic. However, remarkable hydrophobization is achieved after the APPJ coating as a result of the deposition of inorganic SiO 2 films and the granular morphology formation on the PET surface. The APPJ oxidation after the APPJ coating makes the PET surface super-hydrophilic. Surprisingly, the APPJ-coated PET surfaces with and without the APPJ oxidation have no contact angle hysteresis and preserve the contact angle to remain almost constant for at least two weeks. With respect to textile performance, the antifouling property of the PET fabric is found to be controlled by the APPJ treatments: soil deposition in air is prevented after the APPJ coating and soil release by laundering is promoted by the APPJ oxidation to the pristine and the APPJ-coated PET fabrics. Water wicking into the PET and wool fabrics is remarkably promoted by the APPJ oxidation. The dyeability of the PET fabric by dispersive dyes is improved by the APPJ oxidation before dyeing. For the wool fabric, color deepening after ink-jet dyeing is significantly increased due to pretreatment by the APPJ oxidation compared with the chemical treatment.
{"title":"Application of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Oxidation and Plasma-Induced Polymer Coating to Surface Functionalization of Textiles","authors":"K. Gotoh","doi":"10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0034","url":null,"abstract":": Surface functionalization of fibers is one of powerful meanings for improvement of textile performances. In this review, two atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ), plasma oxidation with nitrogen gas and plasma-induced polymer coating with hexamethyldisiloxane, are utilized for the surface functionalization of synthetic fibers, poly (ethylene terephthalate), PET. The PET film with a geometrical simplicity and natural fiber, wool, are also used as materials. The topographical and chemical changes due to the plasma‒PET surface interaction are clearly observed after the APPJ treatments. The APPJ oxidation roughens the PET surface as well as increases the surface atomic oxygen concentration, which makes it hydrophilic. However, remarkable hydrophobization is achieved after the APPJ coating as a result of the deposition of inorganic SiO 2 films and the granular morphology formation on the PET surface. The APPJ oxidation after the APPJ coating makes the PET surface super-hydrophilic. Surprisingly, the APPJ-coated PET surfaces with and without the APPJ oxidation have no contact angle hysteresis and preserve the contact angle to remain almost constant for at least two weeks. With respect to textile performance, the antifouling property of the PET fabric is found to be controlled by the APPJ treatments: soil deposition in air is prevented after the APPJ coating and soil release by laundering is promoted by the APPJ oxidation to the pristine and the APPJ-coated PET fabrics. Water wicking into the PET and wool fabrics is remarkably promoted by the APPJ oxidation. The dyeability of the PET fabric by dispersive dyes is improved by the APPJ oxidation before dyeing. For the wool fabric, color deepening after ink-jet dyeing is significantly increased due to pretreatment by the APPJ oxidation compared with the chemical treatment.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47552064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0017
Saaya Hayasaki, Miho Shimizu, Yuuki Katsurada, Atsushi Sakai, M. Yanagisawa, Y. Atomi, Toshiyuki Watanabe
: Freestanding compliant micropost arrays were fabricated on a glass surface by two-photon-initiated polymerization of polyacrylamide gels. Subcellular force exerted on each post was evaluated from the independent displacement of the post. The elasticity of the gel (57 kPa) was designed to be as compliant as biological tissues. We tried this array to reproduce the in situ behavior of L6 rat myoblasts. Cells stayed still extending pseudopodia exerting traction force. When the expression of one of the molecular chaperones, α B-crystallin was knocked down, the cells kept wandering showing round-shaped contours confirming the significance of α B-crystallin in maintaining subcellular attachment to extracellular matrix. We consider the micropost arrays suitable for subcellular analyses of mechanical behavior at in situ-relevant conditions.
{"title":"Visualizing Molecular Chaperone Controlled Resilient Cell Traction Force by Micropost Arrays Fabricated by Two-Photon Initiated Polymerization","authors":"Saaya Hayasaki, Miho Shimizu, Yuuki Katsurada, Atsushi Sakai, M. Yanagisawa, Y. Atomi, Toshiyuki Watanabe","doi":"10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":": Freestanding compliant micropost arrays were fabricated on a glass surface by two-photon-initiated polymerization of polyacrylamide gels. Subcellular force exerted on each post was evaluated from the independent displacement of the post. The elasticity of the gel (57 kPa) was designed to be as compliant as biological tissues. We tried this array to reproduce the in situ behavior of L6 rat myoblasts. Cells stayed still extending pseudopodia exerting traction force. When the expression of one of the molecular chaperones, α B-crystallin was knocked down, the cells kept wandering showing round-shaped contours confirming the significance of α B-crystallin in maintaining subcellular attachment to extracellular matrix. We consider the micropost arrays suitable for subcellular analyses of mechanical behavior at in situ-relevant conditions.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0033
K. Doi, Rintaro Takahashi, Shota Fujii, K. Sakurai
Ma-Abstract : Poly[ N -(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (PHPMA) shows excellent biocompatibility and thus is expected to be used as a carrier in a drug delivery system. In this study, we investigated how the difference in the monomer structure influences the sequence in copolymers composed of HPMA and monomers (MA-ah-NHNH-Boc and MA-NHNH-Boc); the size of MA-ah-NHNH-Boc is larger than that of MA-NHNH-Boc by the alkyl chain (CH 2 ) 5 spacer. Because the obtained copolymers showed a phase separation behavior upon heating, we also investigated this phase separation behavior by turbidimetry and the molecular dimension in dilute aqueous solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Consequently, we found that the difference between the monomers (MA-ah-NHNH-Boc or MA-NHNH-Boc) significantly influences the monomer sequence in copolymer chains, the cloud point temperature, and the chain dimension in aqueous solution.
{"title":"Synthesis and Dilute Solution Properties of N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide-Based Copolymers","authors":"K. Doi, Rintaro Takahashi, Shota Fujii, K. Sakurai","doi":"10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Ma-Abstract : Poly[ N -(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (PHPMA) shows excellent biocompatibility and thus is expected to be used as a carrier in a drug delivery system. In this study, we investigated how the difference in the monomer structure influences the sequence in copolymers composed of HPMA and monomers (MA-ah-NHNH-Boc and MA-NHNH-Boc); the size of MA-ah-NHNH-Boc is larger than that of MA-NHNH-Boc by the alkyl chain (CH 2 ) 5 spacer. Because the obtained copolymers showed a phase separation behavior upon heating, we also investigated this phase separation behavior by turbidimetry and the molecular dimension in dilute aqueous solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Consequently, we found that the difference between the monomers (MA-ah-NHNH-Boc or MA-NHNH-Boc) significantly influences the monomer sequence in copolymer chains, the cloud point temperature, and the chain dimension in aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49184991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0032
Kuniko Matsunashi, M. Tada, Makoto Sakanisi, Yukiko Nakasima, Nanako Okuwaki
: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of balance between bobbin weight and counter weight on the appearance and mechanical characteristics of the braid. The thickness of the braid showed thinnest when the counter weight mass was 40% of the total masses of bobbins and became thicker as the balance was lost, and the braiding angle of the braid became sharper when the counter weight mass became larger than 40%.
{"title":"Influences of Bobbin-Counter Weight Mass Balance on the Appearance and Mechanical Properties of Braids","authors":"Kuniko Matsunashi, M. Tada, Makoto Sakanisi, Yukiko Nakasima, Nanako Okuwaki","doi":"10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/FIBERST.2020-0032","url":null,"abstract":": The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of balance between bobbin weight and counter weight on the appearance and mechanical characteristics of the braid. The thickness of the braid showed thinnest when the counter weight mass was 40% of the total masses of bobbins and became thicker as the balance was lost, and the braiding angle of the braid became sharper when the counter weight mass became larger than 40%.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43422388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-15DOI: 10.2115/fiberst.2020-0031
K. Naito, Y. Ochiai, Rei Tsuboi, Kohei Nimura, K. Yashiro
: In order to comprehensively investigate from the effects of the morphology (length and entanglement) of the molecular chain on the strength of polyethylene to its fracture mechanism, molecular dynamics simulation of uniaxial tension using low molecular weight amorphous polyethylene and first-principles calculation of uniaxial tension using methylene trimer were performed. As a result, it was found that when the molecular weight is twice the entanglement molecular weight, the molecular chains can not form a network structure. And the bond stretch had the greatest effect on stress, in contrast, the van der Waals force had negative effect on stress and the effect was larger at lower molecular weights. In addition, it is also found that the decrease in stress after reaching the maximum stress is due to slipping of the molecular chains because the molecular chains donʼt break due to tension. Furthermore, the maximum stress increased with the longer the molecular chain because the entanglement point acted as a resistive force against the tension and because the longer the molecular chain, the higher the number of entanglement points. From the above results, it was clarified that the entanglement works positively for stress, the van der Waals force works negatively, and the entanglement of the molecular chains has a large effect on the strength of polyethylene.
{"title":"Study by Molecular Dynamics and First-Principles Calculation on the Influence of Length of Molecular Chain and Entanglement of Molecular Chains on the Strength of Amorphous Polyethylene","authors":"K. Naito, Y. Ochiai, Rei Tsuboi, Kohei Nimura, K. Yashiro","doi":"10.2115/fiberst.2020-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2115/fiberst.2020-0031","url":null,"abstract":": In order to comprehensively investigate from the effects of the morphology (length and entanglement) of the molecular chain on the strength of polyethylene to its fracture mechanism, molecular dynamics simulation of uniaxial tension using low molecular weight amorphous polyethylene and first-principles calculation of uniaxial tension using methylene trimer were performed. As a result, it was found that when the molecular weight is twice the entanglement molecular weight, the molecular chains can not form a network structure. And the bond stretch had the greatest effect on stress, in contrast, the van der Waals force had negative effect on stress and the effect was larger at lower molecular weights. In addition, it is also found that the decrease in stress after reaching the maximum stress is due to slipping of the molecular chains because the molecular chains donʼt break due to tension. Furthermore, the maximum stress increased with the longer the molecular chain because the entanglement point acted as a resistive force against the tension and because the longer the molecular chain, the higher the number of entanglement points. From the above results, it was clarified that the entanglement works positively for stress, the van der Waals force works negatively, and the entanglement of the molecular chains has a large effect on the strength of polyethylene.","PeriodicalId":54299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fiber Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41922301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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