Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.073
Shashwat Yadav , Deepanjali Rajput , Namrata Gangil , Mohammad Faseeulla Khan , Hussain Altammar , Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin , Suleiman Mousa , Arshad Noor Siddiquee
In this work, the fabrication of a novel Co, Cr, Ni particle reinforced and Ti alloyed AA7050-T7451 composite is achieved via multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP). Considerable strengthening of the AA7050 alloy was obtained, sufficient to counter the microhardness decrease of ∼90 HV due to the dissolution of precipitates. Furthermore, the solubility of the originally dissolved elements such as Mg was maintained in the Al matrix. It was found that Ti exhibits the highest alloying capability due to its most negative mixing enthalpy, ΔHmix, with the Al matrix, followed by Co and Ni which tend to dissolve upon subsequent FSP passes. A comparative microstructural analysis amongst the progressive FSP passes is presented, which correlates the degree of intermixing with the increasing plastic deformation. Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to reveal that the randomization of crystallographic orientation increases with the subsequent FSP passes. Th peak intensity of pole figures decreases from 11.2 MUD in base metal to 2.53 MUD for the SZ after the third FSP pass. An increase in the fraction of high angle grain boundaries occurred from 24.3 % in the base material to 47.1 % in the first pass which further rise to 67.6 % in the third pass. The current study successfully postulates novel alloy designs using FSP, paving the way towards unprecedented compositionally diverse alloys.
{"title":"Design of a Co, Cr, Ni and Ti reinforced AA7050 alloyed composite via solid-state thermomechanical processing","authors":"Shashwat Yadav , Deepanjali Rajput , Namrata Gangil , Mohammad Faseeulla Khan , Hussain Altammar , Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin , Suleiman Mousa , Arshad Noor Siddiquee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the fabrication of a novel Co, Cr, Ni particle reinforced and Ti alloyed AA7050-T7451 composite is achieved via multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP). Considerable strengthening of the AA7050 alloy was obtained, sufficient to counter the microhardness decrease of ∼90 HV due to the dissolution of precipitates. Furthermore, the solubility of the originally dissolved elements such as Mg was maintained in the Al matrix. It was found that Ti exhibits the highest alloying capability due to its most negative mixing enthalpy, Δ<em>H</em><sub>mix</sub>, with the Al matrix, followed by Co and Ni which tend to dissolve upon subsequent FSP passes. A comparative microstructural analysis amongst the progressive FSP passes is presented, which correlates the degree of intermixing with the increasing plastic deformation. Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to reveal that the randomization of crystallographic orientation increases with the subsequent FSP passes. Th peak intensity of pole figures decreases from 11.2 MUD in base metal to 2.53 MUD for the SZ after the third FSP pass. An increase in the fraction of high angle grain boundaries occurred from 24.3 % in the base material to 47.1 % in the first pass which further rise to 67.6 % in the third pass. The current study successfully postulates novel alloy designs using FSP, paving the way towards unprecedented compositionally diverse alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 474-483"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.018
Haicheng Zhang , Yuan Ye , Qiang Liu , Jie Zhou
The hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of GH4706 superalloy, a key material for ultra-large turbine disks in heavy-duty gas turbines, were systematically investigated through isothermal compression tests over a wide range of temperatures (900–1150 °C) and strain rates (0.001–10 s−1). The true stress–strain curves were corrected for friction effects, and an Arrhenius-type constitutive model incorporating strain compensation was developed. The model demonstrated high accuracy, with a correlation coefficient of 0.948 and an average absolute relative error of 6.72 %. Based on the dynamic materials model and Murty's instability criterion, processing maps were constructed to identify the optimal hot working window: 1010–1150 °C and 0.01–0.8 s−1. Microstructural analysis revealed that dynamic recrystallization was the dominant softening mechanism, with grain size significantly refined after deformation. The average grain size decreased initially and then increased with rising temperature, reaching a minimum of 13.32 μm at 950 °C. At 1050 °C, grain size varied non-monotonically with strain rate, reaching a minimum of 17.4 μm at 0.1 s−1. A full-scale turbine disk with a diameter of 2000 mm was successfully forged under the optimized parameters, exhibiting uniform and fully recrystallized microstructures. This study provides critical insights and practical guidance for the thermo-mechanical processing of GH4706 alloy in industrial applications.
{"title":"Hot deformation and microstructure evolution of GH4706 alloy for use in super-large turbine discs","authors":"Haicheng Zhang , Yuan Ye , Qiang Liu , Jie Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of GH4706 superalloy, a key material for ultra-large turbine disks in heavy-duty gas turbines, were systematically investigated through isothermal compression tests over a wide range of temperatures (900–1150 °C) and strain rates (0.001–10 s<sup>−1</sup>). The true stress–strain curves were corrected for friction effects, and an Arrhenius-type constitutive model incorporating strain compensation was developed. The model demonstrated high accuracy, with a correlation coefficient of 0.948 and an average absolute relative error of 6.72 %. Based on the dynamic materials model and Murty's instability criterion, processing maps were constructed to identify the optimal hot working window: 1010–1150 °C and 0.01–0.8 s<sup>−1</sup>. Microstructural analysis revealed that dynamic recrystallization was the dominant softening mechanism, with grain size significantly refined after deformation. The average grain size decreased initially and then increased with rising temperature, reaching a minimum of 13.32 μm at 950 °C. At 1050 °C, grain size varied non-monotonically with strain rate, reaching a minimum of 17.4 μm at 0.1 s<sup>−1</sup>. A full-scale turbine disk with a diameter of 2000 mm was successfully forged under the optimized parameters, exhibiting uniform and fully recrystallized microstructures. This study provides critical insights and practical guidance for the thermo-mechanical processing of GH4706 alloy in industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 444-460"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.106
Yulong Li , Wenhao Liu , Longqing Chen , Hengjun Luo , Xinhua Wu , Jiang Ju , Wenbin Qiu , Xiaojian Wang , Hao Deng , Sheng Cao
In general, the microstructure of direct laser deposited (DLD) titanium alloy had a coarse or columnar prior β grains, which cannot satisfy the demand of high strength and ductility. In this study, a hybrid DLD and in-situ rolling technique was utilized for the fabrication of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy to manipulate the microstructure and optimize the tensile property. It has been found that DLD specimen had a relatively lower yield strength due to the coarse intragranular α lath. A higher in-situ rolling load at 8 kN increased the yield strength but deteriorated the ductility due to the formation of continuous grain boundary αGB. An appropriate in-situ rolling load at 2 kN contributed to the refinement of both prior β grains and intragranular α, which resulted in improved yield strength compared to the other two counterparts. In addition, the shortest thermal cycling time in the intergranular αGB precipitation temperature interval provided a discontinuous grain boundary αGB and the highest ductility in the specimen in-situ rolled at 2 kN.
{"title":"Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility in hybrid direct laser deposited and in-situ rolled Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al","authors":"Yulong Li , Wenhao Liu , Longqing Chen , Hengjun Luo , Xinhua Wu , Jiang Ju , Wenbin Qiu , Xiaojian Wang , Hao Deng , Sheng Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In general, the microstructure of direct laser deposited (DLD) titanium alloy had a coarse or columnar prior β grains, which cannot satisfy the demand of high strength and ductility. In this study, a hybrid DLD and in-situ rolling technique was utilized for the fabrication of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy to manipulate the microstructure and optimize the tensile property. It has been found that DLD specimen had a relatively lower yield strength due to the coarse intragranular α lath. A higher in-situ rolling load at 8 kN increased the yield strength but deteriorated the ductility due to the formation of continuous grain boundary α<sub>GB</sub>. An appropriate in-situ rolling load at 2 kN contributed to the refinement of both prior β grains and intragranular α, which resulted in improved yield strength compared to the other two counterparts. In addition, the shortest thermal cycling time in the intergranular α<sub>GB</sub> precipitation temperature interval provided a discontinuous grain boundary α<sub>GB</sub> and the highest ductility in the specimen in-situ rolled at 2 kN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 863-873"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.126
Jingrun Zhuang , Kepei Ning , Huan Yu , Jixue Zhou , Peng Zhang , Kang Liu , Hang Li , Xiaoguang Zhao , Junpeng Duan , Kaiming Cheng , Jianhua Wu , Jin Wang , Xuansheng Feng
Ultrafine grained (UFG) n-C/Al composites were prepared using petroleum coke as the carbon source via mechanical ball milling and hot extrusion. After extrusion, n-C layers exhibited a network-like distribution in the matrix, with tensile strengths of 478 ± 8 MPa (room temperature) and 227 ± 5 MPa (350 °C), respectively.
{"title":"Synthesis of an Al matrix composite reinforced by carbon nanoparticles with excellent high-temperature strength","authors":"Jingrun Zhuang , Kepei Ning , Huan Yu , Jixue Zhou , Peng Zhang , Kang Liu , Hang Li , Xiaoguang Zhao , Junpeng Duan , Kaiming Cheng , Jianhua Wu , Jin Wang , Xuansheng Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafine grained (UFG) n-C/Al composites were prepared using petroleum coke as the carbon source via mechanical ball milling and hot extrusion. After extrusion, n-C layers exhibited a network-like distribution in the matrix, with tensile strengths of 478 ± 8 MPa (room temperature) and 227 ± 5 MPa (350 °C), respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 1036-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.118
Henry A. Colorado , Sandra M. Restrepo A. , Julian Paul Martínez-Galán , Marco A. Giraldo , Sergio Neves Monteiro
This research presents the structure-property characterization and colorimetric studies of a multifunctional vegetable natural fiber: Syngonanthus nitens, commonly known as Capim Dourado (golden grass). The fiber is mainly used for valuable crafts and artworks due to its characteristic golden color, naturally occurring in the Brazilian state of Tocantins. To evaluate the golden color origin, the optical and materials contributions (inorganic and organic structures) must be investigated, and this is the main contribution in this research, as there is currently no understanding of the color's origin in this species. Optical methods were applied to characterize its color, while advanced materials techniques were used to investigate the origin of its coloration, its mechanical properties, and the internal structure of the fiber. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and tensile tests were performed. UV–visible spectroscopy and colorimetry were also employed to evaluate color at both micro- and macro-scales. To fully understand the color origin, the organic contribution was evaluated via fat content, carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity—methods typically used for explaining coloration in vegetable fibers. Results show that optics and materials techniques are insufficient to explain the color, and that the main contribution is primarily attributed to the organic molecules, particularly carotenoids quantified in 97.89 ± 4.2 μg/g, complemented with a smooth surface that enhances specularity and an intricate inner structure that promotes light dispersion. It was also shown that tensile strength values enable the fiber for use as a reinforcement material, ranging from 83 MPa to 503 MPa, although the Weibull analysis revealed a wide variability in the data. The reflectance of the fibers at normal incidence and as a function of viewing angle were measured using a spectrogoniometer. The spectra exhibit a monotonically increasing trend, with relative reflectance values reaching up to 190 % in the near-infrared region (λ > 700 nm). This research introduces Capim Dourado as a multifunctional natural fiber for engineering, valued for its strength, unique carotenoid-based golden color, and ancestral significance.
{"title":"Capim dourado (Syngonanthus nitens) vegetable fiber: an Amazonian natural, strong, and fashionable material. Characterization and colorimetric study","authors":"Henry A. Colorado , Sandra M. Restrepo A. , Julian Paul Martínez-Galán , Marco A. Giraldo , Sergio Neves Monteiro","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents the structure-property characterization and colorimetric studies of a multifunctional vegetable natural fiber: <em>Syngonanthus nitens</em>, commonly known as <em>Capim Dourado</em> (golden grass). The fiber is mainly used for valuable crafts and artworks due to its characteristic golden color, naturally occurring in the Brazilian state of Tocantins. To evaluate the golden color origin, the optical and materials contributions (inorganic and organic structures) must be investigated, and this is the main contribution in this research, as there is currently no understanding of the color's origin in this species. Optical methods were applied to characterize its color, while advanced materials techniques were used to investigate the origin of its coloration, its mechanical properties, and the internal structure of the fiber. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and tensile tests were performed. UV–visible spectroscopy and colorimetry were also employed to evaluate color at both micro- and macro-scales. To fully understand the color origin, the organic contribution was evaluated via fat content, carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity—methods typically used for explaining coloration in vegetable fibers. Results show that optics and materials techniques are insufficient to explain the color, and that the main contribution is primarily attributed to the organic molecules, particularly carotenoids quantified in 97.89 ± 4.2 μg/g, complemented with a smooth surface that enhances specularity and an intricate inner structure that promotes light dispersion. It was also shown that tensile strength values enable the fiber for use as a reinforcement material, ranging from 83 MPa to 503 MPa, although the Weibull analysis revealed a wide variability in the data. The reflectance of the fibers at normal incidence and as a function of viewing angle were measured using a spectrogoniometer. The spectra exhibit a monotonically increasing trend, with relative reflectance values reaching up to 190 % in the near-infrared region (λ > 700 nm). This research introduces Capim Dourado as a multifunctional natural fiber for engineering, valued for its strength, unique carotenoid-based golden color, and ancestral significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 1054-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.082
Shijie Ding , Xiaobing Li , Wei Wang , Xinyi Li , Mengyuan Wang , Zhuang Sun , Chicheng Luo , Yuan Gao , Kuaishe Wang
The hot compression deformation behavior of the N18 zirconium alloy was systematically investigated in the temperature range of 600–800 °C and at strain rates of 0.01–5 s−1. Experimental results showed that the flow stress decreases with increasing temperature and increases with increasing strain rate. After reaching the peak stress, the flow curves exhibit pronounced flow softening, which is associated with dynamic recrystallization (DRX). An Arrhenius constitutive model was established using the peak stress data. The activation energy for hot deformation was calculated as 434.9 kJ mol−1, and the stress exponent was determined to be 7.752. Furthermore, the processing map of the N18 zirconium alloy was constructed using the Dynamic Material Model (DMM), revealing the optimal processing window to be at temperatures of 700–800 °C and strain rates from 0.01 to 0.05 s−1. Microstructural analysis revealed banded grains at low temperature and high strain rate, whereas higher temperatures promoted recrystallization and the formation of refined α/β structures.
{"title":"Constitutive analysis and processing maps revealing the hot deformation mechanisms and workability of N18 zirconium alloy","authors":"Shijie Ding , Xiaobing Li , Wei Wang , Xinyi Li , Mengyuan Wang , Zhuang Sun , Chicheng Luo , Yuan Gao , Kuaishe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hot compression deformation behavior of the N18 zirconium alloy was systematically investigated in the temperature range of 600–800 °C and at strain rates of 0.01–5 s<sup>−1</sup>. Experimental results showed that the flow stress decreases with increasing temperature and increases with increasing strain rate. After reaching the peak stress, the flow curves exhibit pronounced flow softening, which is associated with dynamic recrystallization (DRX). An Arrhenius constitutive model was established using the peak stress data. The activation energy for hot deformation was calculated as 434.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and the stress exponent was determined to be 7.752. Furthermore, the processing map of the N18 zirconium alloy was constructed using the Dynamic Material Model (DMM), revealing the optimal processing window to be at temperatures of 700–800 °C and strain rates from 0.01 to 0.05 s<sup>−1</sup>. Microstructural analysis revealed banded grains at low temperature and high strain rate, whereas higher temperatures promoted recrystallization and the formation of refined α/β structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 883-890"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.11.170
Peeyush Nandwana , Rangasayee Kannan , Chris M. Fancher , Thomas Feldhausen , Callan Herberger , Yousub Lee
The extreme thermal gradients in additive manufacturing (AM) result in residual strains. Subsequent machining operations can relieve the AM strains but can introduce additional strains. AM and machining on the same platform, also called interleaving, during hybrid manufacturing has been shown to improve productivity. However, the impacts of these operations on the resulting residual strains are not well understood. In this investigation, neutron diffraction was used to measure residual strains in hybrid manufactured 316L stainless steel where blown-powder laser directed energy deposition (DED), and machining operations were interleaved in 1-inch intervals. We observe that the dominant texture developed during AM, resulting from different spot sizes and deposition parameters, significantly affects residual strain evolution. A dominant <011> texture along the build direction does not show any strain localization during interleaved deposition and machining whereas a dominant <001> texture shows strong tensile strain localization consistent with the pauses for machining at the end of AM step. Using coolant during machining can further alter the residual strain evolution. Our work shows that a combination of AM parameters and machining strategy can be used to influence the nature and magnitude of residual strains in components fabricated using convergent manufacturing technologies.
{"title":"Residual strain and microstructure evolution in 316L stainless steel fabricated by hybrid additive/subtractive manufacturing","authors":"Peeyush Nandwana , Rangasayee Kannan , Chris M. Fancher , Thomas Feldhausen , Callan Herberger , Yousub Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.11.170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.11.170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extreme thermal gradients in additive manufacturing (AM) result in residual strains. Subsequent machining operations can relieve the AM strains but can introduce additional strains. AM and machining on the same platform, also called interleaving, during hybrid manufacturing has been shown to improve productivity. However, the impacts of these operations on the resulting residual strains are not well understood. In this investigation, neutron diffraction was used to measure residual strains in hybrid manufactured 316L stainless steel where blown-powder laser directed energy deposition (DED), and machining operations were interleaved in 1-inch intervals. We observe that the dominant texture developed during AM, resulting from different spot sizes and deposition parameters, significantly affects residual strain evolution. A dominant <011> texture along the build direction does not show any strain localization during interleaved deposition and machining whereas a dominant <001> texture shows strong tensile strain localization consistent with the pauses for machining at the end of AM step. Using coolant during machining can further alter the residual strain evolution. Our work shows that a combination of AM parameters and machining strategy can be used to influence the nature and magnitude of residual strains in components fabricated using convergent manufacturing technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 891-899"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.042
H.J. Zhang, Y. Huang, C.Q. Zhang, C. Su, S.F. Guo
Titanium alloys are widely used in marine applications, but their poor wear resistance limits their performance. Here, coatings with different Cu contents (0–9 wt.%) were fabricated on Ti80 alloy via laser cladding. The Cu-free coating comprises α′ martensite, whereas the Cu-containing coatings comprise both α′ martensite and Ti2Cu phases. The 9 wt.% Cu coating exhibits twice the hardness of the substrate, resulting from the solid solution strengthening, precipitation hardening, and grain refinement. Furthermore, wear resistance was improved significantly, with the 9 wt.% Cu coating exhibiting a wear rate reduced to just 6 % of the substrate, which attributed to the enhanced hardness, the lubricating effect of Cu, and Ti2Cu precipitation. This work offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance, wear-resistant of Ti alloy coatings for marine applications.
{"title":"Enhancing the tribological performance of titanium alloy with laser-cladded Cu-containing coating","authors":"H.J. Zhang, Y. Huang, C.Q. Zhang, C. Su, S.F. Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium alloys are widely used in marine applications, but their poor wear resistance limits their performance. Here, coatings with different Cu contents (0–9 wt.%) were fabricated on Ti80 alloy via laser cladding. The Cu-free coating comprises α′ martensite, whereas the Cu-containing coatings comprise both α′ martensite and Ti<sub>2</sub>Cu phases. The 9 wt.% Cu coating exhibits twice the hardness of the substrate, resulting from the solid solution strengthening, precipitation hardening, and grain refinement. Furthermore, wear resistance was improved significantly, with the 9 wt.% Cu coating exhibiting a wear rate reduced to just 6 % of the substrate, which attributed to the enhanced hardness, the lubricating effect of Cu, and Ti<sub>2</sub>Cu precipitation. This work offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance, wear-resistant of Ti alloy coatings for marine applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 324-334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.101
Siyuan Zhao , Zhenyu Zhang , Na Fan , Qun Hu , Feng Zhao , Yang Liu , Yanying Cui , Shuaijun Yue , Fan Yang , Xiaopei Li
Cerium dioxide is a crucial material in chemical mechanical polishing for integrated circuits and semiconductors. To address the challenges associated with conventional precipitation methods (such as small particle size and poor dispersion) and hydrothermal synthesis approaches (including large particle size, inhomogeneity and environmental pollution), this study proposed a green synthesis approach for the preparation of a series of high quality CeO2 nanoparticles, which were synthesized by ionic thermal synthesis in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodide salt ([Bmim]I) using cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3∙6H2O) as raw material without a template. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscope. The experimental results demonstrated that when the precursor was prepared at a reaction temperature of 180 °C for 16 h, followed by washing, drying, and roasting at 700 °C for 2 h, the CeO2 nanoparticles exhibited a regular morphology (blocks, polygons), uniform distribution, and a size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Polishing tests were carried out on 2-inch silicon wafers. Atomic force microscopy characterization results demonstrated that the surface roughness of the polished silicon wafer can be reduced to as low as 0.205 nm. The calculated removal rates of MRR were 261.44 nm/min. When compared to the two commercially available polishing powders, the novel material demonstrated a 11.16 % higher material removal rate and achieved a 69.22 % reduction in surface roughness.
{"title":"Ionic liquid-mediated morphology and structure of CeO2 nanoparticles for silicon wafers ultra-precision chemical mechanical polishing applications","authors":"Siyuan Zhao , Zhenyu Zhang , Na Fan , Qun Hu , Feng Zhao , Yang Liu , Yanying Cui , Shuaijun Yue , Fan Yang , Xiaopei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cerium dioxide is a crucial material in chemical mechanical polishing for integrated circuits and semiconductors. To address the challenges associated with conventional precipitation methods (such as small particle size and poor dispersion) and hydrothermal synthesis approaches (including large particle size, inhomogeneity and environmental pollution), this study proposed a green synthesis approach for the preparation of a series of high quality CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, which were synthesized by ionic thermal synthesis in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodide salt ([Bmim]I) using cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>∙6H<sub>2</sub>O) as raw material without a template. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscope. The experimental results demonstrated that when the precursor was prepared at a reaction temperature of 180 °C for 16 h, followed by washing, drying, and roasting at 700 °C for 2 h, the CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles exhibited a regular morphology (blocks, polygons), uniform distribution, and a size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Polishing tests were carried out on 2-inch silicon wafers. Atomic force microscopy characterization results demonstrated that the surface roughness of the polished silicon wafer can be reduced to as low as 0.205 nm. The calculated removal rates of MRR were 261.44 nm/min. When compared to the two commercially available polishing powders, the novel material demonstrated a 11.16 % higher material removal rate and achieved a 69.22 % reduction in surface roughness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 1314-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gas turbines require high inlet temperatures to increase their efficiency, yet Ni-based superalloy components may not tolerate such harsh environment. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are applied to reduce thermal loads and protect them in aggressive conditions. Conventional fabrication techniques, such as thermal spraying and EB-PVD, are costly and restricted by line-of-sight limitations. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) offers a flexible, cost-effective alternative for applying TBCs on Ni-based components. In this study, a YSZ/NiCoCrAlY system was deposited by EPD on IN-738. The coated material was subjected to different sintering temperatures of 800 and 1100 °C and then exposed to cyclic oxidation at 1100 °C and type II hot corrosion at 700 °C. Oxidation studies showed parabolic kinetics, and the first sign of failure was observed after 19 cycles (152 h). XRD patterns revealed the YSZ phase stability, and SEM images showed that the NiCoCrAlY bond coat retained cohesion and adhesion with no cracks or spallation after successive oxidation cycles. However, XRD detected spinel formation at the NiCoCrAlY/YSZ interface, which promoted spallation at the interface. Hot corrosion tests revealed that YSZ coatings sintered at 1100 °C exhibited higher resistance than those sintered at 800 °C, due to improved densification and reduced salt penetration. EDS results confirmed chromium oxide formation at the NiCoCrAlY/YSZ interface, whicsh further suppressed elemental diffusion from the bond coat into the top coat. These results demonstrate that EPD can provide an effective and low-cost approach to fabricate durable TBCs with resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, competitive with conventional techniques.
{"title":"Oxidation and hot corrosion characteristics of YSZ/ NiCoCrAlY electrophoretically deposited on IN-738","authors":"Anahita Shamsini, Mohsen Saremi, Mahmoud Heydarzadeh Sohi","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas turbines require high inlet temperatures to increase their efficiency, yet Ni-based superalloy components may not tolerate such harsh environment. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are applied to reduce thermal loads and protect them in aggressive conditions. Conventional fabrication techniques, such as thermal spraying and EB-PVD, are costly and restricted by line-of-sight limitations. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) offers a flexible, cost-effective alternative for applying TBCs on Ni-based components. In this study, a YSZ/NiCoCrAlY system was deposited by EPD on IN-738. The coated material was subjected to different sintering temperatures of 800 and 1100 °C and then exposed to cyclic oxidation at 1100 °C and type II hot corrosion at 700 °C. Oxidation studies showed parabolic kinetics, and the first sign of failure was observed after 19 cycles (152 h). XRD patterns revealed the YSZ phase stability, and SEM images showed that the NiCoCrAlY bond coat retained cohesion and adhesion with no cracks or spallation after successive oxidation cycles. However, XRD detected spinel formation at the NiCoCrAlY/YSZ interface, which promoted spallation at the interface. Hot corrosion tests revealed that YSZ coatings sintered at 1100 °C exhibited higher resistance than those sintered at 800 °C, due to improved densification and reduced salt penetration. EDS results confirmed chromium oxide formation at the NiCoCrAlY/YSZ interface, whicsh further suppressed elemental diffusion from the bond coat into the top coat. These results demonstrate that EPD can provide an effective and low-cost approach to fabricate durable TBCs with resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, competitive with conventional techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"41 ","pages":"Pages 1193-1203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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