Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t最新文献_第5页

Unified parameter identification and dynamic response (PSD) modeling of hyper-elastic materials 超弹性材料的统一参数辨识与动力响应（PSD）建模

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.052

Al Muttaki Billah, Md Abdul Hasib, Mushfiqur Rahman, Arup Kumar Debnath, Dipayan Mondal, Md Ashraful Islam

Hyper-elastic materials such as silicone rubber and vulcanized natural rubber show strong nonlinear stress–strain behavior. Because of this, finding one consistent set of material parameters is difficult. In most cases, uniaxial, biaxial, and shear tests produce different Mooney–Rivlin constants. This limits how well the model can predict behavior under various loading conditions. In this study, a simple and unified form of the two-parameter Mooney–Rivlin model is proposed. It combines test-specific parameters into one common set that works for all loading modes. The method uses empirical averaging and validation through finite element simulations in ANSYS. Two materials, silicone and vulcanized natural rubber, are tested to check the accuracy of the approach. The unified parameters reproduce the experimental stress–strain curves with less than 10 % deviation across uniaxial, biaxial, and shear conditions. Dynamic response under random vibration is also studied using Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis. At 1.1875 % strain, the peak PSD reaches 80.6 Stress² Hz⁻¹ and shifts with pre-strain, showing a clear change with frequency. The model, though simple, captures the main features of both static and dynamic behavior while keeping the computation light. The findings show that this strategy provides a practical complement to more complex identification frameworks, offering a robust and data-efficient modeling tool when experimental information is limited. This unified Mooney–Rivlin approach offers a practical way to model elastomeric parts used in soft robotics, biomedical devices, and impact-absorbing structures.

硅橡胶和硫化天然橡胶等超弹性材料表现出较强的非线性应力-应变行为。因此，很难找到一组一致的材料参数。在大多数情况下，单轴、双轴和剪切试验产生不同的Mooney-Rivlin常数。这限制了模型在各种加载条件下预测行为的能力。本文提出了一种简单统一的双参数Mooney-Rivlin模型。它将特定于测试的参数组合成一个公共集合，适用于所有加载模式。该方法采用经验平均，并通过ANSYS有限元仿真进行验证。测试了两种材料，硅酮和硫化天然橡胶，以检查该方法的准确性。统一参数在单轴、双轴和剪切条件下再现了实验应力-应变曲线，偏差小于10%。利用功率谱密度（PSD）分析了随机振动下的动力响应。在应变为1.1875%时，峰值PSD达到80.6应力2 Hz−1，并随预应变发生位移，随频率变化明显。该模型虽然简单，但在保持轻量级计算的同时，捕获了静态和动态行为的主要特征。研究结果表明，该策略为更复杂的识别框架提供了实用的补充，在实验信息有限的情况下提供了一种强大且数据高效的建模工具。这种统一的Mooney-Rivlin方法为软机器人、生物医学设备和冲击吸收结构中使用的弹性体部件建模提供了一种实用的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Preheat treatment seed synthesis and tape-casting strategy for cost-effective fabrication of textured silicon nitride ceramics with high strength and toughness 具有高强度和韧性的织构化氮化硅陶瓷的预热处理、种子合成和铸带策略

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.196

Jiayu Yang , Yusen Duan , Mingming Luo , Ning Liu , Zhaohua Luo , Jingxian Zhang , Jian Yang

This study develops a preheat treatment synthesis method that readily produces easily dispersible β-Si₃N₄ seeds with uniform and moderate dimensions. The as-prepared β-Si₃N₄ seeds enabled successful fabrication of textured Si₃N₄ ceramics through tape casting. The plane parallel to the casting direction exhibited well-defined in-plane orientation of predominantly rod-like β-Si₃N₄ grains, while the transverse cross-section showed axial orientation dominated by hexagonal grains. XRD quantification indicated a significantly higher I₂₁₀/I₀₀₂ intensity ratio of β-Si₃N₄ for the parallel direction compared to the transverse direction. Mechanical properties testing revealed notable anisotropy, with the parallel direction displaying a balance of strength and toughness (1105 MPa and 12.69 MPa m^1/2). This significant improvement in mechanical properties is attributed to the aligned orientation of the seeds and the high-aspect-ratio grains developed from these seeds. The work offers a cost-effective route for manufacturing high-performance ceramics, demonstrating significant potential of Si₃N₄ in the application as a backplane material for smart wearable devices.

本研究开发了一种易于分散、尺寸均匀适中的β-Si3N4种子的预处理合成方法。制备的β-Si3N4种子通过带铸造成功制备出了有织构的Si3N4陶瓷。平行于铸造方向的平面上，β-Si3N4晶粒的面内取向明显，以棒状晶粒为主；横向截面上，β-Si3N4晶粒的轴向取向以六边形晶粒为主。XRD定量分析表明，β-Si3N4在平行方向上的I210/I002强度比明显高于横向。力学性能测试显示出明显的各向异性，平行方向表现出强度和韧性的平衡（分别为1105 MPa和12.69 MPa m1/2）。这种显著的机械性能的改善是由于种子的排列取向和由这些种子发育的高展弦比晶粒。这项工作为制造高性能陶瓷提供了一条经济有效的途径，展示了Si3N4作为智能可穿戴设备背板材料的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

FIB-SEM analysis of local residual stresses due to laser scanning for additive manufacturing 增材制造激光扫描局部残余应力的FIB-SEM分析

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.172

Rustam R. Kyarimov , Alexander A. Frantsuzov , Eugene S. Statnik , Iuliia A. Sadykova , Alexey I. Salimon , Alexander M. Korsunsky

This study investigates local residual stress formation in a wrought Ni-based alloy plate subjected to laser scanning under power and speed conditions near the optimal LPBF fusion window. A full factorial experiment design was implemented, generating nine melt pool regimes by varying laser power and scan speed. Melt pools and adjacent heat-affected zones (HAZ) were revealed using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), while residual stresses were quantified with ∼50 μm resolution via focused ion beam ring-milling and digital image correlation (FIB-DIC). Experimental results showed stresses ranging from −500 to +500 MPa for σ_yy and σ_zz along the melt pool depth, with predominantly tensile stress states across the width close to the sample surface. Tensile stresses were concentrated near the laser interaction zone, while compressive states developed deeper in the melt pool. Higher linear energy density expanded the tensile regions at the surface and into the sample depth, and intensified the compressive zones below. An analytical framework based on the Rosenthal and Eagar–Tsai heat conduction solutions coupled with thermoelastic plastic models reproduced FIB-DIC results within 5–10 %. While the FIB-DIC technique is inherently sensitive to micro-scale Type II–III stress variations that depend on grain morphology, this study emphasizes process-level regularities. Since FIB-DIC recovers Type I–II–III stresses, but only Type I reveals global trends, the measurements are here interpreted at the macroscopic Type I level to establish transferable patterns. The combined approach strengthens the process-residual stress linkage for laser treatment and LPBF, enabling rapid parameter optimization and stress management informed build strategies.

本文研究了在最佳LPBF熔合窗口附近的功率和速度条件下，激光扫描变形镍基合金板的局部残余应力形成情况。采用全析因实验设计，通过不同的激光功率和扫描速度产生九种熔池状态。利用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）揭示了熔池和邻近热影响区（HAZ），同时通过聚焦离子束环铣和数字图像相关（FIB-DIC）以~ 50 μm分辨率量化了残余应力。实验结果表明，σyy和σzz在熔池深度方向上的应力范围为- 500 ~ +500 MPa，在靠近试样表面的宽度方向上以拉应力状态为主。拉应力集中在激光相互作用区附近，而压缩状态在熔池深处发展。较高的线能量密度扩大了试样表面及深层的拉伸区，强化了试样下方的压缩区。基于Rosenthal和Eagar-Tsai热传导解与热弹塑性模型耦合的分析框架再现了FIB-DIC结果在5 - 10%的范围内。虽然FIB-DIC技术天生对依赖于晶粒形貌的II-III型应力变化敏感，但本研究强调的是工艺水平的规律性。由于FIB-DIC恢复了I - ii - iii型应力，但只有I型揭示了全球趋势，因此这里的测量结果在宏观的I型水平上进行解释，以建立可转移的模式。该组合方法加强了激光治疗和LPBF的过程-残余应力联系，实现了快速参数优化和应力管理，为构建策略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of initial phase transformation temperature on the microstructural characteristics and strength-toughness of bainitic steel 初始相变温度对贝氏体钢组织特征和强度韧性的影响

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.135

Wanshuai Wang , Xiaoyan Long , Yu Zhang , Yanguo Li , Xiaowen Sun , Zhinan Yang , Fucheng Zhang

This study investigates the strengthening and toughening mechanisms in bainitic steels with different microstructural constituents. A continuous cooling process with varying initial phase transformation temperatures was employed, and microstructural characterization was conducted using XRD, TEM, and SEM. Based on microstructural features, the samples were categorized into three types: Type I, consisting of pre-formed martensite (PM), lath bainite (LB), and retained austenite (RA); Type II, composed of LB and RA; and Type III, comprising granular bainite (GB), LB, RA, and martensite/austenite (M/A) constituents. With increasing initial transformation temperature, the strength initially decreased, then increased, and finally decreased again, while toughness first increased and then decreased. The reduction in strength was attributed to decreased microstructural refinement and lower dislocation density. The introduction of an appropriate amount of PM improved toughness, whereas the presence of M/A constituents led to a deterioration in both ductility and toughness. Additionally, a positive linear correlation was observed between elongation and RA content. The transformation behavior of RA with different morphologies during tensile and impact processes was examined, revealing distinct coordination mechanisms between RA and LB under dynamic and static loading conditions. This behavior explains how the samples achieved high strength and toughness while maintaining considerable ductility.

本文研究了不同组织成分的贝氏体钢的强化和增韧机理。采用不同初始相变温度的连续冷却工艺，利用XRD、TEM和SEM对其进行微观结构表征。根据显微组织特征，将样品分为三类：一类为预成形马氏体（PM）、板条贝氏体（LB）和残余奥氏体（RA）；II型，由LB和RA组成；III型，包括粒状贝氏体（GB）、LB、RA和马氏体/奥氏体（M/A）成分。随着初始转变温度的升高，强度先降低后升高，再降低，韧性先升高后降低。强度的降低是由于组织细化和位错密度的降低。引入适量的PM提高了韧性，而M/A成分的存在导致延展性和韧性的恶化。伸长率与RA含量呈线性正相关。研究了不同形态RA在拉伸和冲击过程中的转变行为，揭示了RA与LB在动态和静态加载条件下的不同协调机制。这种行为解释了样品如何在保持相当的延展性的同时获得高强度和韧性。

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引用次数: 0

Superior strength-ductility-conductivity synergy of GRCop-42 alloy manufactured via electron beam powder bed fusion 电子束粉末床熔合制备的GRCop-42合金具有优异的强度-延展性-电导率协同效应

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.068

Qingbo Yan , Yunzhe Li , Yingkang Wei , Zhuoran Shi , Sitong Chen , Jilei Zhu , Wenpeng Jia , Shifeng Liu

In response to the urgent demand for high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys in the regenerative cooling combustion chambers of rocket engines, in this study, GRCop-42 alloy was formed in one go by electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF). The influence of EB-PBF linear energy density (LED) on the density-microstructure-comprehensive performance of alloy samples was systematically studied. When the LED was 408 J m⁻¹, almost fully dense alloy samples were obtained with a relative density of 99.54 %. Under this parameter, the sample exhibits excellent coupling of mechanical and electrical properties, with tensile strength and electrical conductivity of 300 MPa and 70 %IACS, respectively. The sample melt pool shows a gradient of fine to coarse grains, and the average grain size gradually increases with the increase of the LED. In addition, the samples formed by EB-PBF in-situ precipitated Cr₂Nb, Cr₂O₃ and Cr phase <10 nm in the matrix. These precipitated particles are the main reason for the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of the sample. This work has expanded the application scope of EB-PBF in the field of high-performance copper alloys and reserved technical solutions for achieving lightweight and integrated manufacturing of rocket combustion chambers.

针对火箭发动机蓄热式冷却燃烧室对高强度、高导电性铜合金的迫切需求，本研究采用电子束粉末床熔合（EB-PBF）一次性成形了GRCop-42合金。系统研究了EB-PBF线性能量密度（LED）对合金样品密度-显微组织-综合性能的影响。当LED为408 J m−1时，获得了相对密度为99.54%的几乎完全致密的合金样品。在此参数下，样品表现出良好的力学性能和电性能耦合，抗拉强度为300 MPa，电导率为70% IACS。样品熔池呈现由细晶粒到粗晶粒的梯度，平均晶粒尺寸随着LED的增加而逐渐增大。此外，EB-PBF原位形成的样品在基体中析出Cr2Nb、Cr2O3和Cr相<；10 nm。这些沉淀颗粒是样品具有优异力学和电学性能的主要原因。这项工作扩大了EB-PBF在高性能铜合金领域的应用范围，为实现火箭燃烧室轻量化、集成化制造储备了技术解决方案。

{"title":"Superior strength-ductility-conductivity synergy of GRCop-42 alloy manufactured via electron beam powder bed fusion","authors":"Qingbo Yan , Yunzhe Li , Yingkang Wei , Zhuoran Shi , Sitong Chen , Jilei Zhu , Wenpeng Jia , Shifeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the urgent demand for high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys in the regenerative cooling combustion chambers of rocket engines, in this study, GRCop-42 alloy was formed in one go by electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF). The influence of EB-PBF linear energy density (LED) on the density-microstructure-comprehensive performance of alloy samples was systematically studied. When the LED was 408 J m<sup>−1</sup>, almost fully dense alloy samples were obtained with a relative density of 99.54 %. Under this parameter, the sample exhibits excellent coupling of mechanical and electrical properties, with tensile strength and electrical conductivity of 300 MPa and 70 %IACS, respectively. The sample melt pool shows a gradient of fine to coarse grains, and the average grain size gradually increases with the increase of the LED. In addition, the samples formed by EB-PBF in-situ precipitated Cr<sub>2</sub>Nb, Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Cr phase <10 nm in the matrix. These precipitated particles are the main reason for the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of the sample. This work has expanded the application scope of EB-PBF in the field of high-performance copper alloys and reserved technical solutions for achieving lightweight and integrated manufacturing of rocket combustion chambers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"40 ","pages":"Pages 1202-1212"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of the gap on molten pool dynamics and weld formation in laser lap welding of thin 316L stainless steel plates 316L不锈钢薄板激光搭接熔池动力学及焊缝成形的影响

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.219

Lingyu Guo , Annan Yin , Chu Han , Fu Li , Liangyuan Ren , Shaoning Geng

Large thin-walled structures will inevitably generate gaps during laser welding owing to the deformation caused by thermal stress, which could alter the molten pool dynamics and dramatically affect the weld formation. In this work, the 316L stainless steel plates with 0.8 mm and 2.0 mm thickness is selected as the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively, for the laser welding. The effects of the gap on molten pool dynamics and weld formation are investigated combining the numerical modeling and experimental testing. The accuracy of the numerical model was verified through the combination of experiment and numerical simulation. The results showed that the weld morphology exhibits gradually destabilization with the increase in the gap. Furthermore, a chasm was formed when the molten metal on the upper and lower plates under the conditions of 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm gap was separated by the gap. Increasing with the keyhole opening area of upper plate, in particular, liquid metal gradually accumulated in the middle of the keyhole until the metal on both sides fused to generate a weld breakpoint under 0.4 mm clearance.

大型薄壁结构在激光焊接过程中，由于热应力引起的变形，不可避免地会产生缝隙，从而改变熔池的动态，极大地影响焊缝的形成。在本工作中，选择厚度为0.8 mm和2.0 mm的316L不锈钢板分别作为上板和下板进行激光焊接。结合数值模拟和实验测试，研究了间隙对熔池动力学和焊缝形成的影响。通过实验与数值模拟相结合，验证了数值模型的准确性。结果表明：随着间隙的增大，焊缝形貌逐渐失稳；此外，在0.2 mm和0.4 mm间隙条件下，上下板上的熔融金属被间隙隔开时形成了一个裂口。特别是随着上板锁眼开口面积的增大，液态金属逐渐积聚在锁眼中部，直至两侧金属熔合产生0.4 mm间隙以下的焊缝断点。

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引用次数: 0

Spontaneous growth of protective oxide layer for novel Al–Gd thermal neutron absorption alloys in simulated spent nuclear fuel pool water 新型Al-Gd热中子吸收合金保护氧化层在模拟乏燃料池水中的自发生长

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.244

Zixie Wang , Jie Pan , Ao Liu , Xijie Wu , Zeyuan Sun , Zhen Wang , Jun Li , Xueshan Xiao

Novel Al–Gd thermal neutron absorbing alloys were developed to meet the demands of light weight and corrosion resistance in spent nuclear fuel wet storage. The oxide formation behavior was systematically investigated in simulated spent nuclear fuel pool water. Two parabolic stages of weight gain were identified, and the growth gradually stabilized after 3000 h. In the early stage of immersion, micro-galvanic corrosion occurred at the low-potential Al₃Gd particles, releasing Gd³⁺ and Al³⁺ ions. The Gd³⁺ ions preferentially reacted with oxygen to form a Gd₂O₃ layer on particle surfaces, whereas Al³⁺ ions hydrolyzed to Al(OH)₃, migrated through the aqueous medium, and dehydrated to nanostructured Al₂O₃ on the matrix. With increasing immersion time, diffusion resistance suppressed further Gd₂O₃ growth, while Al₂O₃ gradually developed into a continuous layer that covered the Gd₂O₃. These findings indicate that the Al–Gd alloys can spontaneously form a protective oxide layer with excellent corrosion resistance, making them promising candidates for long-term application in the wet storage of spent nuclear fuel.

新型Al-Gd热中子吸收合金是为满足乏燃料湿式贮存对轻量化和耐腐蚀的要求而研制的。系统地研究了模拟乏燃料池水中氧化物的形成行为。在3000 h后，生长逐渐稳定。在浸泡初期，低电位Al3Gd颗粒发生微电偶腐蚀，释放出Gd3+和Al3+离子。Gd3+离子优先与氧反应，在颗粒表面形成Gd2O3层，而Al3+离子水解成Al(OH)3，通过水介质迁移，脱水成基体上的纳米Al2O3。随着浸泡时间的延长，扩散阻力进一步抑制Gd2O3的生长，而Al2O3逐渐发展成覆盖Gd2O3的连续层。这些发现表明，Al-Gd合金可以自发形成具有优异耐腐蚀性的保护氧化层，使其成为长期应用于乏燃料湿储存的有希望的候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Composite encasement enables enhanced impact resistance in sandwich construction under low-velocity impact loading 复合材料外壳可以增强夹层结构在低速冲击载荷下的抗冲击性

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.206

Jianwei Ren , Xue Li , Jian Wu , Bangjie Li , Zhenyu Zhao , Daqiao Zhang , Rui Zhang

The demand for civil/military equipment protection has driven innovations in sophisticated sandwich structures with superior impact resistance. However, incorporating multiple strengthening regimes into one structural configuration to achieve superior mechanical performance remains challenging. Herein, the concept of a sandwich with a periodical hybrid core component with composite encasement is proposed, examined, and explored, both experimentally and numerically. Such a sandwich construction employs a periodically arranged hybrid core as a discontinuous core assembly, enabling superior mechanical performance compared to its counterpart. The introduction of composite encasement alters the dominant structural damage patterns of the intact sandwich target, enhancing its impact resistance through (1) reinforcing the bare foam core part owing to spatial constraints, (2) expanding the affected region resulting from the overall outward bending deformation, and (3) separating the propagation of internal damage occurring in the core component. Furthermore, for this composite sandwich target, the presence of composite encasement endows a pronounced enhancement in structural integrity and energy absorption. In addition, such a sandwich construction would further enhance its impact resistance when the debonding properties of the interfaces between adjacent cores and facesheets are improved. These findings offer promise for the design and application of multiple mechanism-incorporated protective structures in unmanned civil/military vehicles that operate under extreme loading conditions.

民用/军用设备保护的需求推动了具有卓越抗冲击性的复杂夹层结构的创新。然而，将多种强化机制整合到一个结构配置中以获得优异的机械性能仍然具有挑战性。本文从实验和数值两方面提出了具有复合外壳的周期性混合芯件夹层的概念，并对其进行了检验和探索。这种夹层结构采用周期性排列的混合岩心作为不连续的岩心组件，与同类产品相比，具有优越的机械性能。复合材料包裹体的引入改变了完整夹层靶的主要结构损伤模式，通过(1)由于空间约束而增强裸泡沫核心部分，(2)扩大整体向外弯曲变形导致的影响区域，(3)分离核心部件内部损伤的传播，增强了其抗冲击性。此外，对于这种复合材料夹层靶，复合材料包裹体的存在使结构完整性和能量吸收显著增强。此外，当相邻岩心和面板之间界面的脱粘性能得到改善时，这种夹层结构将进一步增强其抗冲击性。这些发现为在极端载荷条件下运行的无人民用/军用车辆中设计和应用多种机制结合的保护结构提供了希望。

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引用次数: 0

Metallurgical behavior and interfacial characteristics of GT35/20 steel dissimilar joint welded with CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy filler wire CoCrNi中熵合金焊丝焊接GT35/20钢异种接头的冶金行为及界面特征

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.161

Yinuo Li , Yong Zhou , Taijiang Li , Hui Dong , Liang Sun , Hongduo Wang , Yanming Liu

This study presents an innovative approach using a CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA) filler wire to join GT35 steel-bonded carbide to 20 steels via tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. The method addresses interfacial bonding issues caused by the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) mismatch and the poor wettability of TiC hard phases. Results indicate that backside argon shielding is essential to suppress TiC oxidation and eliminate root porosity. Under adequate protection, the weld metal formed a single face-centered cubic (FCC) solid solution. Microstructural characterization revealed a TiC particle-reinforced gradient transition layer, approximately 476 μm wide, at the GT35 interface. Mechanical property testing indicates that this gradient structure achieves a smooth microhardness transition from the GT35 substrate (∼1199.3 HV_0.3) to the weld center (∼205.4 HV_0.3). Impact test results demonstrate that the weld metal exhibits superior impact toughness compared to the 20 steel substrate. This study provides new material options and process strategies for high-performance connections between steel and cemented carbide.

本研究提出了一种创新的方法，使用CoCrNi中熵合金（MEA）填充丝通过钨惰性气体（TIG）焊接将GT35钢结合硬质合金与20钢连接。该方法解决了热膨胀系数（CTE）不匹配和TiC硬相润湿性差引起的界面粘合问题。结果表明，背面氩保护是抑制TiC氧化和消除根部孔隙的必要条件。在适当的保护下，焊缝金属形成单面心立方（FCC）固溶体。微观结构表征表明，在GT35界面处存在TiC颗粒增强的梯度过渡层，宽度约为476 μm。力学性能测试表明，这种梯度结构实现了从GT35基体（~ 1199.3 HV0.3）到焊缝中心（~ 205.4 HV0.3）的平滑显微硬度过渡。冲击试验结果表明，与20钢基体相比，焊缝金属具有更好的冲击韧性。该研究为钢与硬质合金之间的高性能连接提供了新的材料选择和工艺策略。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of surface morphology and properties of aluminium alloy oxide composite coating incorporated with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets 碳纳米管和石墨烯纳米片复合氧化铝涂层的表面形貌和性能研究

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.239

Nik Hafizuddin Effandi Nazila , Hasnol Hadi Zakaria , Sin Tee Tan , Md Shuhazlly Mamat , Shahira Liza , Mohd Hafis Sulaiman , Kar Fei Chan , Masaki Tanemura , Yazid Yaakob

Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) offer excellent properties but often suffer agglomeration when used individually. This work investigates hybridizing CNTs and GNPs as reinforcement strategy to improve dispersion and enhance the surface and mechanical properties of Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO). Composite coatings were fabricated by incorporating 5g of CNT:GNP mixtures with varying ratios under specific anodizing conditions (60 min in 20 % diluted H₂SO₄). XRD analysis confirmed that AAO and carbon-reinforced AAO composites exhibited orthorhombic and γ-Al₂O₃ phases with no detrimental phase transformations caused by carbon addition. Surface morphology characterization using a 3D Profiler showed that the hybrid 0.5CNT:0.5GNP produced surface roughness of (5.701 μm) and pore dimensions (w: 50.10 μm and d: 60.13 μm) lower than AAO and AAOCNT. SEM-EDX analysis further verified these findings, indicating that CNT-GNP incorporation effectively reduces porosity. The Vicker hardness of 0.5CNT:0.5GNP showed the highest value of 240.3 HV, outperforming AAO (133 HV), AAOCNT (186.2 HV), and AAOGNP (171 HV). The superior performance of the hybrid composite demonstrates that combining CNTs and GNPs effectively mitigates agglomeration and significantly enhances the structural integrity of AAO coatings. These findings provide new insights into carbon-reinforced AAO fabrication and highlight the potential of CNT-GNP hybrids for advanced surface engineering of aluminium alloys.

石墨烯纳米片（GNPs）和碳纳米管（CNTs）具有优异的性能，但单独使用时往往会发生团聚。本研究研究了碳纳米管和GNPs杂交作为增强策略，以改善阳极氧化铝（AAO）的分散和增强表面和机械性能。在特定的阳极氧化条件下（在20%稀释的H2SO4中氧化60分钟），以不同比例加入5g碳纳米管：GNP混合物制备复合涂层。XRD分析证实，AAO和碳增强AAO复合材料均表现为正交相和γ-Al2O3相，没有碳添加引起的有害相变。利用3D轮廓仪对其表面形貌进行了表征，结果表明，与AAO和AAOCNT相比，0.5CNT:0.5GNP复合材料的表面粗糙度为5.701 μm，孔隙尺寸（w: 50.10 μm和d: 60.13 μm）较小。SEM-EDX分析进一步验证了这些发现，表明CNT-GNP的掺入有效地降低了孔隙度。0.5CNT:0.5GNP的维氏硬度最高，为240.3 HV，优于AAO （133 HV）、AAOCNT （186.2 HV）和AAOGNP （171 HV）。混杂复合材料的优异性能表明，CNTs和GNPs的结合有效地减轻了团聚，显著提高了AAO涂层的结构完整性。这些发现为碳增强AAO制造提供了新的见解，并突出了CNT-GNP混合材料在铝合金高级表面工程中的潜力。

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