Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t最新文献

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.200

José Francisco Caldeira Maranho , Fan Cui , Huawei Tang , Xiaosong Feng , Hao Luan , Junjun Shen , Witor Wolf , Brenda Juliet Martins Freitas , Wenya Li , Nelson Guedes de Alcântara , Jorge Fernandez dos Santos , Benjamin Klusemann , Guilherme Yuuki Koga

5A06-O and 2219-T87 aluminum alloys are promising candidates for propellant tanks. In this study, refill friction stir spot welding (refill FSSW) with a 0.1 mm offset was applied to produce defect-free 5A06-O/2219-T87 welds. A Box-Behnken method and statistical analysis were used to optimize the processing parameters, by determining the influence of welding parameters on lap shear strength (LSS). Plunge depth was the most influential parameter on LSS. All joints failed through the weld seam, including those tested at −55 °C. Microhardness measurements showed a slight increase in the 5A06 sheet over time, while the 2219 sheet exhibited significant hardness reduction. Microstructural analysis revealed typical features of refill FSSW, including a heat-affected zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone, stir zone, hook, and joint-line remnants. Novel findings include the identification of an onion structure in the welds, characterized by fine equiaxed grains and nanoprecipitates that contribute to weld's hardness. This unique microstructure, formed under the thermal and mechanical conditions of the FSSW process, strengthens the material and enhances its mechanical performance. Stop-action tests provided insights into material flow and microstructural evolution during welding. While conventional refill FSSW could not produce defect-free welds, the findings highlight the potential of the 0.1 mm offset refill FSSW to enhance weld quality, supporting its application in aerospace components requiring high mechanical integrity across extreme temperature ranges.

5A06-O和2219-T87铝合金是很有前途的推进剂储罐候选材料。在本研究中，采用0.1 mm偏移量的填充搅拌摩擦点焊（填充FSSW）来生产无缺陷的5A06-O/2219-T87焊缝。通过确定焊接参数对搭接抗剪强度（LSS）的影响，采用Box-Behnken法和统计分析对工艺参数进行优化。陷深是影响LSS最大的参数。所有接头都通过焊缝失效，包括在- 55°C下测试的接头。显微硬度测量显示，随着时间的推移，5A06片材的硬度略有增加，而2219片材的硬度则显著降低。显微组织分析揭示了补料FSSW的典型特征，包括热影响区、热机械影响区、搅拌区、钩和连接线残余。新的发现包括在焊缝中发现洋葱结构，其特征是细小的等轴晶粒和纳米沉淀物有助于焊缝的硬度。这种独特的微观结构是在FSSW工艺的热和机械条件下形成的，增强了材料的强度并提高了其机械性能。停止作用试验提供了对焊接过程中材料流动和微观组织演变的深入了解。虽然传统的填充FSSW不能产生无缺陷的焊缝，但研究结果强调了0.1 mm偏移填充FSSW在提高焊接质量方面的潜力，支持其在极端温度范围内要求高机械完整性的航空航天部件中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between microstructures and mechanical properties of super-sized new-energy automobile structural component formed by vacuum HPDC process 真空高压直流成形超大尺寸新能源汽车结构件组织与力学性能的相关性

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.198

Minjie Huang , Jufu Jiang , Ying Wang , Tianxiang Qin , Xiaodong Zhang , Jian Dong , Jingbo Cui , Lingbo Kong , Chenggang Wang

Correlation between microstructures and mechanical properties of a super-sized new-energy automobile rear floor component (three-dimensional size: 1842 mm × 1549 mm × 741 mm, projected area: 2.85 m², largest projected area in available reports) manufactured by vacuum high-pressure die casting (HPDC) process using a non-heat treated aluminum alloy was clarified. Effects of filling behavior and solidification sequence during HPDC on microstructures and mechanical properties of various regions for the HPDC component were unraveled. According to filling and solidification characteristic, 5 regions of the HPDC component were selected for evaluation. Rear floor platform region exhibits high comprehensive mechanical properties. The yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for various locations are higher than 146 MPa and 252 MPa, respectively, while average elongation (EL) reaches 8.60 %. High YS in this region is attributed to fine-grained structure formed at rapid solidification condition. Utilizing local loading and feeding strategy, fine and dense microstructure was successfully obtained in longitudinal beam region, which guarantees excellent strength and plasticity (UTS and EL near local loading and feeding area reach 226.86 MPa and 10.41 %). Low filling velocity in wheel housing region increases the residence time of the melt in die cavity and promotes nucleation and growth of Fe-rich phase, while sluggish solidification causes the further coarsening of Fe-rich phase, resulting in degradation of elongation. Agglomeration of grains under turbulent flow condition during die filling and slow cooling condition in horizontal support column region cause abnormal growth of externally solidified crystals (ESC) grains, which is detrimental to ductility.

阐明了采用真空高压压铸（HPDC）工艺制造的超大尺寸新能源汽车后地板部件（三维尺寸：1842 mm × 1549 mm × 741 mm，投影面积：2.85 m2，现有报道中最大投影面积）的组织与力学性能的相关性。揭示了高压直流过程中填充行为和凝固顺序对高压直流部件各部位组织和力学性能的影响。根据填充和凝固特性，选取了HPDC构件的5个区域进行评价。后地板平台区域具有较高的综合力学性能。各部位的屈服强度（YS）和极限抗拉强度（UTS）分别大于146 MPa和252 MPa，平均伸长率（EL）达到8.60%。该区域的高YS归因于在快速凝固条件下形成的细晶组织。采用局部加载和送料策略，在纵梁区域成功获得了细小致密的微观结构，保证了优异的强度和塑性（局部加载和送料区域附近的UTS和EL分别达到226.86 MPa和10.41%）。轮壳区的低填充速度增加了熔体在模腔内的停留时间，促进了富铁相的形核和生长，而凝固缓慢导致富铁相进一步粗化，导致延伸率下降。充模过程中紊流条件和水平支撑柱区域缓慢冷却条件下晶粒的团聚会导致外凝固晶体（ESC）晶粒的异常生长，不利于塑性。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative microstructural characterization–Based calculation of the relationship between regional yield strength and microstructure in back–Extruded Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy cups 基于定量显微组织表征的反挤压Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金杯体区域屈服强度与显微组织关系的计算

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.196

Honggang Duan , Yonghua Huang , Xuemei Sun , Xiaoyu Wang , Xingrong Chu , Wenke Wang , Wenzhen Chen

This study quantitatively investigates the relationship between regional yield strength and microstructure in Mg–9Gd–5Y–0.5Zr (wt.%) alloy cups formed by backward extrusion. A refined GM–HP model was developed, incorporating texture, grain boundary, and dislocation strengthening to accurately predict the compressive yield strength across different regions, accounting for microstructural heterogeneity. The microstructure exhibits significant diversity, driven by variations in the deformation path and dynamic recrystallization (DRX), transitioning from a mixed-grain microstructure with <0001>//ED texture to fully recrystallized fine grains in the corners, followed by grain coarsening in the walls. Microstructural analysis reveals that basal <a> slip is the predominant deformation mechanism, with prismatic <a> slip serving as a secondary contributor. The orientation factor M, strongly influenced by texture, reaches a maximum value of ∼3.3 under the <0001>⊥ED texture. Geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) exhibit an inverse correlation with DRX, with values ranging from 0.55 to 2.75 × 10¹⁴ m⁻². The GM–HP model reveals that grain boundary strengthening contributes 50–70 % of total yield strength, and highlights the significant hardening of <0001>⊥ED texture and GNDs. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the microstructural design and plastic deformation processing of magnesium alloy.

定量研究了反挤压成形Mg-9Gd-5Y-0.5Zr （wt.%）合金杯体的区域屈服强度与组织的关系。开发了一种改进的GM-HP模型，结合织构、晶界和位错强化来准确预测不同区域的抗压屈服强度，并考虑了微观组织的非均质性。在形变路径变化和动态再结晶（DRX）的驱动下，组织呈现出明显的多样性，从具有<；0001>；//ED织构的混晶组织过渡到棱角处的细晶完全再结晶，然后是管壁处的晶粒粗化。显微结构分析显示基底<；a>；滑移是主要的变形机制，棱柱形<；滑块作为次要贡献者。取向因子M受到纹理的强烈影响，在<；0001>； ED纹理下达到最大值~ 3.3。几何必要位错（GNDs）与DRX呈负相关，其值范围为0.55至2.75 × 1014 m−2。GM-HP模型显示，晶界强化对总屈服强度的贡献为50 - 70%，并突出了<；0001>； ED织构和gds的显著硬化。这些研究结果为镁合金微观组织设计和塑性变形工艺的优化提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Softening suppression and property improvement by laser pretreatment of FSW AA6061 aluminum alloy 激光预处理FSW AA6061铝合金的软化抑制及性能改善

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.187

Ning Wang , Chunzhi Zhang , Dong Zhang , Shufeng Zhao , Qi Liu , Lijun Zhang

The thermal history associated with welding processes often leads to softening in aluminum alloys, negating their lightweight advantage. To counteract this, this study employs a novel pretreatment strategy using laser beam welding (LBW) prior to friction stir welding (FSW) in AA6061 aluminum alloy. The laser pretreatment, through its high energy density and rapid cooling, promotes grain refinement, creating a greater number of high-angle grain boundaries, and induces the precipitation of fine AlFeMnSi phases. This not only forms a more refined microstructure but also improves uniformity through recrystallization and precipitate pinning effects, which significantly enhances the strength and hardness of the FSW joints. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed that the average grain size in the nugget zone of the pretreated FSW joint was 0.95 μm, which is 32.6 % smaller than the 1.41 μm observed in the conventional FSW joint. This investigation demonstrates an effective approach for achieving robust welds in aluminum alloys, potentially enhancing their application in various industries.

与焊接过程相关的热历史通常会导致铝合金软化，从而抵消其轻质优势。为了解决这一问题，本研究采用了一种新的预处理策略，即在AA6061铝合金搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）之前进行激光焊接（LBW）。激光预处理通过其高能量密度和快速冷却，促进晶粒细化，产生更多的高角度晶界，并诱导析出细小的AlFeMnSi相。这不仅形成了更细化的组织，而且通过再结晶和沉淀钉住作用，提高了均匀性，显著提高了FSW接头的强度和硬度。电子背散射衍射（EBSD）分析表明，经预处理的FSW接头的熔核区平均晶粒尺寸为0.95 μm，比常规FSW接头的1.41 μm小32.6%。本研究展示了一种有效的方法来实现坚固的铝合金焊接，有可能增强其在各种工业中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Development and characterization of minimal surface tantalum scaffold with high strength and superior fatigue resistance 高强度、高抗疲劳性能的最小表面钽支架的研制与表征

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.108

Xiaojun Ni , Qingbao Sun , Jiaxiang Wang , Dachen Zhang , Xia Jin , Qiang Yang , Luyuan Chen , Jingzhou Yang , Yonglong Hong

Additively manufactured tantalum scaffolds show great promise for load-bearing bone reconstruction due to their exceptional osseointegration and bone in-growth capabilities. Nonetheless, enhancing their mechanical properties, particularly fatigue resistance, remains a critical goal. This study highlights the remarkable mechanical properties of additively manufactured triple periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous tantalum scaffolds. With a porosity of 70 %, the TPMS tantalum scaffold exhibits a compressive yield strength of 57.6 MPa, surpassing trabecular porous structures with identical porosity by over 70 % and the rhombic dodecahedron (RDOD) structure by over 30 %. Furthermore, its elastic modulus reaches 7.3 GPa, marking a 95 % increase compared to RDOD and trabecular tantalum scaffolds. Notably, this scaffold demonstrates impressive ductility, with no macroscopic brittle fractures even at a maximum strain of 50 %. During static compression, the tantalum scaffold structure showcases a layer-by-layer deformation failure mechanism, leading to a substantial rise in dislocation density and low-angle grain boundaries within the grain regions. This suggests that the failure mechanism primarily arises from plastic deformation and ductile fracture in tantalum materials. The TPMS tantalum scaffold displays excellent fatigue resistance without mechanical fracture failure, maintaining its residual compression yield strength post-testing, unlike the RDOD tantalum scaffold which experiences fatigue failure with a strength of 26 MPa. The TPMS porous structure exhibits superior stress distribution and reduced stress concentration compared to the RDOD design, resulting in enhanced mechanical performances. Given its exceptional mechanical properties, the TPMS tantalum scaffold holds significant potential for clinical applications as load-bearing bone implants.

增材制造的钽支架由于其特殊的骨整合和骨生长能力，在承重骨重建方面表现出很大的希望。然而，提高它们的机械性能，特别是抗疲劳性能，仍然是一个关键目标。本研究强调了增材制造的三周期最小表面（TPMS）多孔钽支架的显著力学性能。在孔隙率为70%的情况下，TPMS钽支架的抗压屈服强度达到57.6 MPa，比孔隙率相同的小梁多孔结构高出70%以上，比RDOD结构高出30%以上。其弹性模量达到7.3 GPa，比RDOD和钽小梁支架提高95%。值得注意的是，这种支架显示出令人印象深刻的延展性，即使在50%的最大应变下也没有宏观脆性断裂。在静压缩过程中，钽支架结构呈现出一层一层的变形破坏机制，导致位错密度大幅上升，晶界内出现低角度晶界。这表明钽材料的破坏机制主要是塑性变形和韧性断裂。TPMS钽支架表现出优异的抗疲劳性能，没有发生机械断裂失效，试验后仍保持其残余抗压屈服强度，而RDOD钽支架的疲劳失效强度为26 MPa。与RDOD设计相比，TPMS多孔结构具有更好的应力分布和更小的应力集中，从而提高了力学性能。鉴于其特殊的机械性能，TPMS钽支架作为承重骨植入物在临床应用中具有重要的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of bedding angle and confining pressure on the mechanical behavior, energy dissipation and micro damage evolution mechanism of layered rock mass under triaxial compression conditions 层理角和围压对三轴压缩条件下层状岩体力学行为、能量耗散及微损伤演化机制的影响

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.191

Yaoyao Meng , Liyuan Yu , Liang Yuan , Xinzhu Hua , Yankun Ma , Jiantao Zhuang , Hongwen Jing , Xiaowei Liu

To reveal the anisotropy characteristics of mechanical behavior, energy evolution and fracture morphology of the layered rock mass during triaxial compression tests, MTS 815 mechanical test system is used to perform the relevant experimental studies on layered rock mass specimens with different bedding angles and confining pressures by combining energy analysis and CT scanning. Effects of bedding angle and confining pressure on the energy evolution characteristics of layered rock masses are deeply studied. With increasing bedding angle, the elastic energy, dissipative energy and total energy at the peak strength showed two changing trends: first increase and then decrease and then increase, first decrease and then increase. With increasing confining pressure, the anisotropy coefficient of elastic energy first decreases and then increases, the anisotropy coefficient of dissipative energy first decreases and then increases, and the anisotropy coefficient of total energy first increases and then decreases and then increases. The sensitivity of dissipative energy at peak strength to bedding angle is the highest and the sensitivity of elastic energy is the lowest. Micro-cracks reconstruction and quantitative characterization are first used to reveal the mechanism of confining pressure on the failure modes of layered rock specimens. At bedding angle = 45°, the two-dimensional crack area rate first increases and then decreases along the change of specimen height. When the confining pressure is 10 MPa, the dispersion degree of two-dimensional crack distribution along the specimen height is the largest, and the dispersion degree of two-dimensional crack along the specimen height is the least at 20 MPa.

为了揭示三轴压缩试验中层状岩体的力学行为、能量演化和断裂形态的各向异性特征，利用MTS 815力学试验系统，结合能量分析和CT扫描，对不同层理角度和围压条件下的层状岩体试样进行了相关实验研究。深入研究了层理角和围压对层状岩体能量演化特征的影响。随着层理角的增大，峰值强度处的弹性能、耗散能和总能呈现先增大后减小后增大、先减小后增大的两种变化趋势。随着围压的增大，弹性能各向异性系数先减小后增大，耗散能各向异性系数先减小后增大，总能各向异性系数先增大后减小后增大。峰值强度耗散能对层理角的敏感性最大，弹性能的敏感性最低。本文首次利用微裂纹重构和定量表征方法揭示了围压对层状岩石试样破坏模式的影响机制。当层理角= 45°时，二维裂纹面积率随试件高度的变化先增大后减小；围压为10 MPa时，二维裂纹沿试件高度分布弥散程度最大，20 MPa时二维裂纹沿试件高度分布弥散程度最小。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of microstructure and properties of high-silicon aluminum alloys for electronic packaging based on semi-solid thixotropic forming process 基于半固态触变成形工艺的电子封装用高硅铝合金组织与性能优化

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.194

Shenao Jiang , Tao Jiang , Wei Yu , Yong Li , Wanshun Zhang , Yonghui Sun , Hongyang Zhao

This study utilizes a semi-solid thixotropic forming strategy to achieve plastic deformation of Al–50Si alloy, optimizing its microstructure and properties. Various techniques, including large-area EBSD stitching, SEM, nanoindentation, and hardness testing, are used to investigate the alloy's recrystallization behavior, texture evolution, and stress distribution. The results highlight the mechanisms responsible for the microstructural changes and the enhancement of mechanical properties. Following thixotropic forming, the coarse Si phases within the alloy are fragmented. The average size of the primary Si particles decreases from 122.88 μm to 17.33 μm, a reduction of 85.90 %. Due to the synergistic effects of multiple mechanisms during forming process, the alloy's hardness increases from 81.29 HV to 155.83 HV, a 91.70 % improvement. The effectiveness of the strengthening strategy is further confirmed through ROM and Turner model analyses. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of applying semi-solid forming techniques to fabricate Al–50Si materials. Not only does this approach expand the processing window for high-silicon aluminum alloys, but it also offers new insights into optimizing the microstructure and properties of difficult-to-deform materials.

本研究采用半固态触变成形策略实现Al-50Si合金的塑性变形，优化其组织和性能。采用各种技术，包括大面积EBSD拼接、SEM、纳米压痕和硬度测试，研究了合金的再结晶行为、织构演变和应力分布。结果强调了微观组织变化和力学性能增强的机制。触变成形后，合金中的粗Si相破碎。初生Si颗粒的平均尺寸从122.88 μm减小到17.33 μm，减小了85.90%。由于成形过程中多种机制的协同作用，合金硬度由81.29 HV提高到155.83 HV，提高了91.70%。通过ROM和Turner模型分析，进一步验证了强化策略的有效性。总之，本研究证明了应用半固态成形技术制备Al-50Si材料的可行性。这种方法不仅扩大了高硅铝合金的加工窗口，而且还为优化难变形材料的微观结构和性能提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of compound addition of Ti–B on hardenability and hot ductility of 22MnB5 hot stamped steel 复合添加Ti-B对22MnB5热冲压钢淬透性和热延展性的影响

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.189

Yaxu Zheng , Long Zhang , Yu Lin , Jing Wang , Kun Wang , Zhihong Guo , Ruifang Cao , Liguang Zhu , Bo Wang , Di Zhang , Jie Feng

Hot stamped 22MnB5 steel has been widely used in the automotive industry due to its high strength and good toughness. At present, most hot stamped steels improve their hardenability and strength by incorporating trace amount of boron and titanium. In order to obtain excellent hardenability, the effects of boron content and austenitization temperature on the hardenability of Ti bearing 22MnB5 steel have been studied. Additionally, in order to reduce the cracking susceptibiltiy during hot stamping process, the effects of boron content and deformation rate on the hot ductility of 22MnB5 steel have also been investigated. The influence mechanism of microstructures and precipitates on both hardenability and hot ductility has also been discussed. The results suggest that the hardenability of low boron steel (8 ppm boron) is improved gradually, while that of high boron steel (35 ppm boron) is deteriorated suddenly with increasing quenching temperature from 850 °C to 1000 °C. The reason is that there should be a suitable solid solution boron content in austenite to obtain excellent hardenability performance. Too much borides dissolve in the austenite will result in excessive segregation of boron atoms at the grain boundaries and reprecipitation of new borides which deteriorate the hardenability. The low boron and high boron steels both have good hot ductility with strain rates of 0.05s⁻¹ and 0.5s⁻¹, and the section area reductions are all above 80 %, hence there are no hot cracks during hot stamp process. The addition of boron promotes the nucleation and precipitation of Ti(C,N), and boron can also occupy vacancies at grain boundaries and around precipitates to reduce the diffusion rates of C, N, and Ti, thus refine the carbides and the grains of high boron steel. The smaller the grain size, the poorer the hardenability of the high boron steel.

热冲压22MnB5钢因其强度高、韧性好，已广泛应用于汽车工业。目前，大多数热冲压钢通过加入微量的硼和钛来提高淬透性和强度。为了获得优异的淬透性，研究了硼含量和奥氏体化温度对含Ti 22MnB5钢淬透性的影响。此外，为了降低热冲压过程中的裂纹敏感性，还研究了硼含量和变形速率对22MnB5钢热塑性的影响。讨论了组织和析出物对淬透性和热延性的影响机理。结果表明，随着淬火温度从850℃升高到1000℃，低硼钢（8 ppm硼）的淬透性逐渐提高，而高硼钢（35 ppm硼）的淬透性突然恶化。这是因为奥氏体中要有合适的固溶体硼含量，才能获得优异的淬透性。过量的硼化物在奥氏体中溶解会导致硼原子在晶界处过度偏析和新硼化物的再析出，使淬透性恶化。低硼钢和高硼钢均具有良好的热延展性，应变率分别为0.05s−1和0.5s−1，断面面积收缩率均在80%以上，因此热冲压过程中不存在热裂纹。硼的加入促进了Ti（C，N）的形核和析出，硼还可以占据晶界和析出物周围的空位，降低C，N， Ti的扩散速率，从而细化碳化物和高硼钢的晶粒。晶粒尺寸越小，高硼钢的淬透性越差。

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引用次数: 0

Origin of additive manufactured ultrafine stainless steel composites 添加剂制造超细不锈钢复合材料的起源

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.192

Brenda Juliet Martins Freitas , Guilherme Yuuki Koga , Sergio de Traglia Amancio-Filho , Claudemiro Bolfarini

Cracking, anisotropy, texture, brittleness, coarse-reinforcing particles, and columnar grains often characterize ultrahigh small-radii-containing alloys processed via additive manufacturing. In this study, we demonstrate how Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) processing, combined with massive boron addition (>1000 ppm), enables the formation of a refined and complex microstructure composed of an ultrafine stainless steel matrix and nanoborides decorating grain boundaries (GBs). Boron in L-PBF-produced stainless steel effectively transforms coarse columnar grains (∼200 μm) into equiaxed ultrafine grains (∼1 μm). Beyond exceptional grain refinement, colossal boron content promotes the formation of nanometric Cr₂B particles along GBs. Such surprising grain refinement arises from the extended thermal undercooling caused by a lag between the real and theoretical grain growth rate caused by the segregation of boron, forming a boundary layer ahead of the solid-liquid interface. This extended undercooling increases the nucleation rate on the underlying layer, suppressing the columnar-like grain growth of the primary phase. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of grain refinement in boron-modified alloys, offering insights that are transferable to other materials and additive manufacturing conditions.

裂纹、各向异性、织构、脆性、粗增强颗粒和柱状晶粒通常是通过增材制造加工的超高小半径含合金的特征。在这项研究中，我们展示了激光粉末床熔合（L-PBF）加工，结合大量添加硼（>1000 ppm），如何形成由超细不锈钢基体和装饰晶界的纳米硼化物组成的精致复杂的微观结构。硼在l - pbf生产的不锈钢中有效地将粗柱状晶粒（~ 200 μm）转变为等轴超细晶粒（~ 1 μm）。除了特殊的晶粒细化外，巨大的硼含量促进了纳米Cr2B颗粒沿着GBs的形成。这种令人惊讶的晶粒细化是由于硼的偏析引起的实际晶粒生长速度与理论晶粒生长速度之间的滞后导致的热过冷延长，在固液界面之前形成了一个边界层。这种延长的过冷提高了下一层的形核速率，抑制了初生相的柱状晶粒生长。这些发现提供了对硼改性合金晶粒细化的机理理解，提供了可转移到其他材料和增材制造条件的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Corrosion behavior of AlZnMgCu/TiB2 composites prepared via the in-situ generation of TiB2 原位生成TiB2制备的AlZnMgCu/TiB2复合材料的腐蚀行为

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.183

Jianjun Wang , Ziyu He , Xiaogang Li , Kai Lu , Xiao Wang , Lu Li , Zhentao Yuan , Zhaolin Zhan , Wenshen Tang

AlZnMgCu/TiB₂ composites are prepared via the in-situ generation of TiB₂ ceramic particles and subjected to hot extrusion and heat-treatment. XRD, SEM, EDS and TEM are used to characterize the composition, lattice structure and distribution of the secondary phases. The corrosion behavior of the composites is studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potential polarization measurements and corrosion morphology analysis. The effects of MgZn₂ and Al₂Cu precipitated phases and TiB₂ ceramic particles on the corrosion behavior are discussed. The results show that the TiB₂ ceramic particles are distributed along the extrusion direction and grain boundaries. Nano-sized MgZn₂ and Al₂Cu precipitates are evenly distributed in the α-Al matrix and form large grain boundary precipitates, resulting in precipitation-free zones. The corrosion of the composites is mainly pitting and intergranular corrosion. The pitting corrosion occurs in the α-Al matrix around TiB₂ ceramic particles and the θ phase. Two-electrode coupling systems are formed in the presence of TiB₂ ceramic particles, which explain the mechanism behind the reduced corrosion of the α-Al matrix.

通过原位生成TiB2陶瓷颗粒，经热挤压和热处理制备了AlZnMgCu/TiB2复合材料。采用XRD、SEM、EDS和TEM等表征了二次相的组成、晶格结构和分布。通过电化学阻抗谱、电位极化测量和腐蚀形貌分析研究了复合材料的腐蚀行为。讨论了MgZn2、Al2Cu析出相和TiB2陶瓷颗粒对腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：TiB2陶瓷颗粒沿挤压方向和晶界分布；纳米MgZn2和Al2Cu相均匀分布在α-Al基体中，形成较大的晶界相，形成无析出区。复合材料的腐蚀主要表现为点蚀和晶间腐蚀。点蚀主要发生在TiB2陶瓷颗粒周围的α-Al基体和θ相。在TiB2陶瓷颗粒的存在下形成了双电极耦合体系，这解释了α-Al基体腐蚀降低的机理。

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引用次数: 0