Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Lesion locations are associated with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke in young adults","authors":"Mijntje M.I. Schellekens ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Maartje Wijnands ,&nbsp;Anastasia Papounidou ,&nbsp;Esther M. Boot ,&nbsp;Jamie I. Verhoeven ,&nbsp;Merel S. Ekker ,&nbsp;Mayte E. van Alebeek ,&nbsp;Paul J.A.M. Brouwers ,&nbsp;Renate M. Arntz ,&nbsp;Gert W. van Dijk ,&nbsp;Rob A.R. Gons ,&nbsp;Inge W.M. van Uden ,&nbsp;Tom den Heijer ,&nbsp;Julia H. van Tuijl ,&nbsp;Karlijn F. de Laat ,&nbsp;Anouk G.W. van Norden ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Vermeer ,&nbsp;Marian S.G. van Zagten ,&nbsp;Robert J. van Oostenbrugge ,&nbsp;Anil M. Tuladhar","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Stroke location is an important determinant of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). In young adults, a comprehensive map of lesion patterns and their relations to PSCI is lacking. This study aims to identify lesion locations associated with poorer cognitive performance in patients with stroke at a young age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study between 2013 and 2021, enrolling patients aged 18–49 years with first-ever ischemic stroke and a visible stroke lesion on MRI. Cognitive assessments were performed within six months post-stroke, covering seven domains. We categorized patients as having no/mild or major vascular cognitive disorder (VCD), defined as a Z-score &lt; -2.0 in one or more domains. We assessed aphasia by the NIHSS language subscale. We performed multivariate lesion-symptom mapping to identify lesion locations associated with major VCD, poorer cognitive performance in each domain, and aphasia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 522 patients (median age 44.3 years [IQR 37.7–41.5]; 257 [49.2 %] women), 168 (32.2 %) had major VCD. Lesions in both hemispheres and cerebellar regions were associated with presence of a major VCD, and lower performance in episodic memory, processing speed, executive functioning, language, and attention and working memory. Aphasia had the strongest relationship with left fronto-temporo-parietal regions, while the left angular gyrus was the region most associated with major VCD.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>We show that lesion locations associated with poorer cognitive performance in young stroke patients are widely distributed, including cerebellar regions. This study showcases the complexity in the relationships between affected brain regions and cognitive symptoms, explaining the variability in post-stroke cognitive outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103930"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fronto-limbic disconnection correlates with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity following traumatic brain injury: An indirect disconnection-symptom mapping study","authors":"Eric W Moffet ,&nbsp;Sancharee Hom Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Ediel Almeida ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Kong ,&nbsp;Lujie Chen ,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhuo ,&nbsp;Nicholas A Morris ,&nbsp;Gunjan Y Parikh ,&nbsp;Neeraj Badjatia ,&nbsp;Jamie E Podell","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a clinically important manifestation of dysautonomia following traumatic brain injury (TBI). While it is thought to arise from central autonomic network disconnection, supporting evidence is limited. Here, we integrate clinically obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion data with human connectome data to identify specific white matter tract disconnections and gray matter parcel damage associated with PSH. Our sample included 117 patients who underwent susceptibility weighted imaging and 3D T1 MRI sequences as part of clinical care while admitted at our institution between January 1, 2016 and July 1, 2018. Susceptibility lesion masks were manually created and registered to standard template space. High quality registrations were obtained in 96 patients (50% with PSH), who were included in the study. Using the Matlab Lesion Quantification Toolkit, we assessed white matter tract disconnection severity and gray matter parcel damage for each patient. We compared results according to a binary PSH clinical diagnosis using Wilcoxon rank sum tests and a standard ordinal PSH diagnostic likelihood score (with 0–11 range) using Pearson correlations, Bonferroni-corrected for multiple comparisons. PSH diagnosis was associated with greater disconnection severity in nine tracts, two of which also correlated with higher diagnosis likelihood: the right uncinate fasciculus and the anterior corpus callosum. Damaged parcels associated with PSH included left prefrontal regions of the default mode network and the ventral salience network. In summary, our work implicates disconnection of fronto-limbic components of the central autonomic network in the pathophysiology of TBI-related PSH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of MRI indexes of glymphatic system with brain atrophy and cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease","authors":"Lulu Ai ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Li ,&nbsp;Chaojuan Huang ,&nbsp;Xia Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoqun Zhu ,&nbsp;Qiaoqiao Xu ,&nbsp;Zhongwu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>The glymphatic system constitutes a brain-wide perivascular network responsible for brain metabolic waste removal, which may underlie pathogenesis in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This study aimed to explore the associations of glymphatic function, assessed using multi-modal MRI indices, and both brain atrophy and cognitive impairment in CSVD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 160 participants comprising 120 patients with CSVD, including 52 without cognitive impairment (CSVD-NCI) and 68 with mild cognitive impairment (CSVD-MCI), alongside 40 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent neuropsychological and multi-modal neuroimaging assessments. Glymphatic function was assessed using four complementary MRI indices: choroid plexus (CP) volume, perivascular space (PVS) volume fraction, free water in white matter (FW-WM) fraction, and diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Gray matter volume (GMV) was evaluated via voxel-based morphology (VBM) analysis. Partial correlation and mediation analyses explored the relationships among glymphatic function, brain structure and cognitive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to HCs, CSVD-MCI patients showed increased CP volume, FW-WM fraction, BG/putamen-PVS volume, and reduced DTI-ALPS index, accompanied by multifocal gray matter atrophy involving temporal and frontal regions. Advanced age was associated with increased CP and BG-PVS volume, but decreased DTI-ALPS index. A main effect of sex was observed, where males exhibited larger BG-PVS and FW-WM fraction, with lower DTI-ALPS index compared to females. Impaired glymphatic function was linked to both GMV loss and cognitive deficits, with right superior temporal and left postcentral GMV mediating glymphatic-cognitive associations, particularly in executive function and processing speed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Glymphatic dysfunction in CSVD, particularly in cognitive impairment stage, is closely related to brain atrophy and cognitive decline, supporting the potential utility of glymphatic metrics as clinically imaging biomarkers for assessing cognitive impairment risk and monitor disease progression in CSVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards precision functional brain network mapping in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Jacob Chernicky ,&nbsp;Ally Dworetsky ,&nbsp;Sarah Grossen ,&nbsp;Emma Carr ,&nbsp;Abdulmunaim Eid ,&nbsp;Meghan C. Campbell ,&nbsp;Caterina Gratton","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that leads to widespread disruption of large-scale brain networks and is further complicated by substantial individual variability in symptomology, progression rates, and treatment response. Consequently, the investigation of individual differences in networks measured via resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) may provide insight. However, most RSFC studies are unable to identify interindividual differences due to poor reliability and group average network definitions. “Precision” RSFC addresses these shortcomings through extended data collection, strict denoising, and individual network definition, but remains untested in PD.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility and reliability of precision RSFC studies in PD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected &gt; 100 min of RSFC data from 20 PD and 10 healthy control participants. We evaluated the level of motion, reliability and stability of RSFC measures in each participant, as well as compared to a conventional 5 min of RSFC data. These measures were benchmarked against HC to evaluate comparability. In addition, we created individualized brain network measures in PD participants to establish feasibility in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using precision RSFC methods, the PD group produced reliable and stable measures of brain networks that were comparable in quality to healthy controls and substantially exceeded those derived from conventional approaches (whole-brain reliability: 5 min. r = 0.60 ± 0.06, 40 min. r = 0.88 ± 0.04; within-person stability: 5 min. r = 0.40 ± 0.08, 25 min. r = 0.68 ± 0.07; ps &lt; 0.001). Individualized network maps in people with PD captured variation both from group-averaged templates and between individuals, including within motor-related networks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Precision RSFC is feasible and reliable in individuals with PD. This approach holds promise for advancing personalized diagnostics and identifying brain-based biomarkers underlying clinical variability in PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging correlates of symptom burden and functional recovery following mild traumatic brain injury: A systematic review","authors":"Joshua P. McGeown ,&nbsp;Mangor Pedersen ,&nbsp;Remika Mito ,&nbsp;Alice Theadom ,&nbsp;Jerome J. Maller ,&nbsp;Paul Condron ,&nbsp;Samantha J. Holdsworth","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents 95% of all traumatic brain injuries. Despite being classified as “mild,” mTBI can lead to persistent symptoms that impact quality of life. Diagnostic and management strategies rely heavily on subjective symptom reporting due to a lack of validated biomarkers. Identifying neuroimaging biomarkers to characterise the pathophysiological features underlying symptom burden and poor recovery is critical for improving mTBI management.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To synthesise evidence on cross-sectional, longitudinal, and prognostic links between Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features and mTBI symptom burden and functional recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Systematic searches of MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library identified mTBI studies with acute MRI data, measures of symptom burden or functional recovery, and at least one follow-up clinical timepoint, covering publications to July 18, 2025. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool, and findings were synthesised narratively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-two of 7,232 articles were included. The review identified heterogeneous evidence across MRI modalities. Structural MRI findings showed limited correlation with clinical outcomes, while changes in white matter and functional connectivity were more strongly associated with symptom burden and recovery. Disruptions of integrative regions and association pathways such as the thalamus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulate cortex were linked to worse symptom burden and recovery outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute MRI, when contextualised with clinical data, helps delineate correlates of mTBI symptom burden and functional recovery. To strengthen inference, future neuroimaging studies should prespecify and report symptom burden and functional recovery as core endpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural brain alterations in anorexia nervosa: a global brain volume and anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis combined with a functional decoding approach","authors":"Lara Keller ,&nbsp;Leon D. Lotter ,&nbsp;Claudia R. Eickhoff ,&nbsp;Simon B. Eickhoff ,&nbsp;Katharina Otten ,&nbsp;Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann ,&nbsp;Jochen Seitz","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substantial brain volume loss is well-documented during acute anorexia nervosa (AN); however, longitudinal outcomes are unclear. Our comprehensive meta-analysis investigated global and regional structural brain alterations in adult and adolescent individuals with AN by extracting reported brain volume scores and neuroimaging coordinates from the literature. Results showed significant global brain volume reductions in gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and increases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in acute AN (N = 1130 patients; N = 40 papers), gradually improving upon weight rehabilitation. However, even after 1.5 years of recovery, significantly lower global GM volume compared to healthy controls was found (N = 232 patients; N = 12 papers). Regarding potential regional changes, our search identified 35 eligible papers with neuroimaging coordinates for 412 foci as input for our anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE) analyses. The results revealed widespread reductions of GM volume and cortical thickness, but notably also identified consistently affected brain regions including the cingulate gyrus, precentral gyrus, and precuneus. Spatial colocalization analyses using the Neurosynth data base indicated brain areas associated with eating, food, threat, and reinforcement to be relatively preserved. The findings of our meta-analysis contribute to a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of AN, the time course and residuals of brain structural alterations during recovery and clinical implications potentially relevant for more-targeted treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in Parkinson’s disease: Effects of age, sex, and body mass index in a large [18F]fluorodopa PET cohort","authors":"Tuulia Malén ,&nbsp;Jouni Tuisku ,&nbsp;Marco Bucci ,&nbsp;Severi Santavirta ,&nbsp;Valtteri Kaasinen ,&nbsp;Sakari Kaasalainen ,&nbsp;Janne Isojärvi ,&nbsp;Jarmo Hietala ,&nbsp;Juha Rinne ,&nbsp;Lauri Nummenmaa","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Positron emission tomography (PET) using radioligand [¹⁸F]fluorodopa detects reduced striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Demographic factors such as sex and BMI are also associated with dopamine synthesis capacity. The combined contribution of demographic and clinical effects however remains elusive.</div></div><div><h3>Material, aims, and methods</h3><div>For this retrospective register-based study, we used baseline [¹⁸F]fluorodopa PET data acquired at the Turku PET Centre between the years 1988–2016 with three scanners (Ecat 931, GE Advance, HRRT). The data involved 350 adult human subjects, including 132 healthy controls, and 218 PD patients. The primary aim was to simultaneously investigate the effects of PD, age, sex and BMI on regional dopamine synthesis capacity (influx rate constant Ki^ref quantified with Patlak in atlas-based regions of interest) using Bayesian linear regression. Secondary aims were to assess (1) interregional correlations of dopamine synthesis capacity, (2) association between regional presynaptic dopamine synthesis and postsynaptic dopamine type 2 receptor (D₂R) availability in subjects who also had a proximal [¹¹C]raclopride PET scan, and (3) scanner effects and atlas- versus MRI-based quantification approaches. We provide the mean dopamine synthesis brain maps of healthy controls and PD patients in NeuroVault.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dopamine synthesis capacity was drastically reduced in PD patients, decreased with age, increased with BMI, and higher in females versus males. Across regions, the capacity was positively correlated in both patients and controls. We observed support for positive correlation between the dopamine synthesis capacity and the D₂R in caudate nucleus. Scanner had a substantial influence on Ki^ref estimates. Atlas- and MRI-based normalization methods provide largely comparable Ki^ref estimates for most subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dopamine synthesis capacity is independently affected by PD and demographic factors and correlated between the striatal and thalamic regions in both controls and PD patients. Adjusting for scanner effects in multi-scanner datasets is recommended. When subject-specific MRI is unavailable, atlas-based normalization may be used with caution to prevent major data loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145968088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distance- and hierarchy-dependent functional dysconnectivity in schizophrenia and its association with cortical microstructure","authors":"Isaac David ,&nbsp;Shuntaro Sasai ,&nbsp;Felipe Branco de Paiva ,&nbsp;Melanie Boly ,&nbsp;Giulio Tononi ,&nbsp;Larissa Albantakis","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Schizophrenia is associated with widespread functional dysconnectivity, but the spatial scale and structural correlates of these alterations remain unclear. While relevant to local dysfunction, short-range connectivity is not well captured by standard approaches due to methodological constraints.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We applied a vertex-wise, distance-dependent analysis of functional connectivity strength (FCS) to resting-state fMRI data from 86 schizophrenia patients and 99 healthy controls across two datasets. FCS was partitioned by geodesic distance on the cortical surface and analyzed by cortical hierarchy. We also assessed two proxies of intracortical microstructure: T1/T2 ratio and a novel signal-detection-based measure of individualized data-driven functional connectivity density (idFCD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Schizophrenia patients exhibited reductions in short-range FCS within the dorsal primary somatosensory cortex. These functional alterations colocalized with abnormalities in both microstructural proxies and were not evident in global FCS analysis. In contrast, longer-range FCS was increased in transmodal regions, particularly the precuneus, without associated microstructural differences. Hierarchical analysis confirmed this dissociation, with structure–function disruption in primary networks and increased relative FCS in transmodal regions without microstructural association.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support two distinct patterns of cortical dysconnectivity in schizophrenia: short-range reductions in primary sensory areas that colocalize with microstructural abnormalities, and longer-range increases in transmodal regions that appear structurally decoupled at the local level. By integrating distance-dependent functional measures with independent proxies of intracortical microstructure, this study highlights the role of short-range connectivity disruptions in primary areas and provides a complementary framework to conventional approaches based on regional or global analyses and diffusion-weighted imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103958"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging mental health, cognition and the brain in mild traumatic brain injury: A multilayer network analysis of the TRACK-TBI study","authors":"Juan F. Domínguez D. ,&nbsp;Mervyn Singh ,&nbsp;Lyndon Firman-Sadler ,&nbsp;Jade Guarnera ,&nbsp;Ivan L. Simpson-Kent ,&nbsp;Phoebe Imms ,&nbsp;Andrei Irimia ,&nbsp;Karen Caeyenberghs ,&nbsp;the TRACK-TBI Investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) suffer from several mental health symptoms (<em>e.g.</em>, anxiety, depressive symptoms) and cognitive deficits (<em>e.g.</em>, attentional deficits, slowed processing speed). However, symptoms in TBI are largely investigated in isolation, using univariate approaches, ignoring interactions between symptoms and the underlying large-scale brain networks. We constructed the first multilayer network in mTBI to examine relationships between networks of cognition, mental health and structural brain measures and to identify key variables bridging relationships across these networks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Chronic phase cross-sectional data (6-month follow-up) from 457 mTBI participants was extracted from the TRACK-TBI Longitudinal study. We selected four variables from self-report mental health questionnaires (affective layer), eight cognitive test scores from the NIH toolbox (cognitive layer), and gray matter volumes from eight brain regions of the central executive and salience networks from anatomical MRI scans (brain layer). We used a multilayer network approach to examine the relationships (edges) between all variables (nodes) across layers. We then used the bridge strength centrality metric to identify nodes that ‘bridge’ the affective, cognitive, and brain layers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this sample of mTBI participants, across all affective and cognitive layer nodes, only impairments in insomnia were noted. Multilayer network analysis revealed insomnia severity, immediate verbal memory, somatisation and processing speed nodes exceeded an <em>a priori</em> 80th percentile threshold on the bridge strength scores and may therefore be regarded as key nodes potentially bridging relationships across affective, cognitive and brain layers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The bridging nodes identified in our multilayer network analyses may suggest targets for future studies to develop more customized, efficient, and efficacious treatments to alleviate mental health symptoms and cognitive deficits in mTBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separating the forest from the palm trees: Individual variation in a presurgical language mapping task","authors":"Natalie L. Voets ,&nbsp;Oiwi Parker Jones ,&nbsp;Mohamed L. Seghier ,&nbsp;Puneet Plaha","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Selecting optimal tasks for language mapping in neurosurgical patients poses challenges that are exacerbated by mismatches in practice between presurgical and intraoperative evaluations. To help align practices, we evaluated a functional MRI version of a semantic association task increasingly used during intra-operative assessment of awake neurosurgery patients. Using a recently proposed consistency mapping approach, we characterise task fMRI activation reliability across individuals, visits, and scan cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>FMRI data were acquired during an adapted Pyramids and Palm Trees Task (PPTT) in 15 healthy controls and 54 pre-surgical patients with a glioma. A new implementation of threshold-weighted overlap mapping (TWOM) was used to evaluate: 1. inter-individual variability in task activations among individuals; 2. test–retest variability in controls scanned twice (16 ± weeks apart); 3. between-scanner reliability across two patient cohorts scanned on a 3 T Siemens Prisma (n = 27) or Verio (n = 24) scanner using standard (TR = 3 s, voxel size 3 × 3 × 3 mm) or advanced (TR = 0.93 s, voxel size 2x2x2 mm) fMRI acquisitions, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Task-related activations in the core language network were highly consistent between individuals and across test–retest sessions. Several brain regions showed variable activations, reflecting atypical language dominance (confirmed during neurosurgery), or differences in regional involvement during semantic processing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PPTT engaged widespread brain networks including but not limited to regions implicated in semantic processing. Overlap mapping is a powerful way to visualise meaningful variations in neural processing at the individual level, supporting alignment of pre- and intra-operative mapping for any given task.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 103943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}