Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103604
Zeus Gracia-Tabuenca , Elise B. Barbeau , Yu Xia , Xiaoqian Chai
Depression is an incapacitating psychiatric disorder with increased risk through adolescence. Among other factors, children with family history of depression have significantly higher risk of developing depression. Early identification of pre-adolescent children who are at risk of depression is crucial for early intervention and prevention. In this study, we used a large longitudinal sample from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (2658 participants after imaging quality control, between 9–10 years at baseline), we applied advanced machine learning methods to predict depression risk at the two-year follow-up from the baseline assessment, using a set of comprehensive multimodal neuroimaging features derived from structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and task and rest functional MRI. Prediction performance underwent a rigorous cross-validation method of leave-one-site-out. Our results demonstrate that all brain features had prediction scores significantly better than expected by chance, with brain features from rest-fMRI showing the best classification performance in the high-risk group of participants with parental history of depression (N = 625). Specifically, rest-fMRI features, which came from functional connectomes, showed significantly better classification performance than other brain features. This finding highlights the key role of the interacting elements of the connectome in capturing more individual variability in psychopathology compared to measures of single brain regions. Our study contributes to the effort of identifying biological risks of depression in early adolescence in population-based samples.
{"title":"Predicting depression risk in early adolescence via multimodal brain imaging","authors":"Zeus Gracia-Tabuenca , Elise B. Barbeau , Yu Xia , Xiaoqian Chai","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Depression is an incapacitating psychiatric disorder with increased risk through adolescence. Among other factors, children with family history of depression have significantly higher risk of developing depression. Early identification of pre-adolescent children who are at risk of depression is crucial for early intervention and prevention. In this study, we used a large longitudinal sample from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (2658 participants after imaging quality control, between 9–10 years at baseline), we applied advanced machine learning methods to predict depression risk at the two-year follow-up from the baseline assessment, using a set of comprehensive multimodal neuroimaging features derived from structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and task and rest functional MRI. Prediction performance underwent a rigorous cross-validation method of leave-one-site-out. Our results demonstrate that all brain features had prediction scores significantly better than expected by chance, with brain features from rest-fMRI showing the best classification performance in the high-risk group of participants with parental history of depression (N = 625). Specifically, rest-fMRI features, which came from functional connectomes, showed significantly better classification performance than other brain features. This finding highlights the key role of the interacting elements of the connectome in capturing more individual variability in psychopathology compared to measures of single brain regions. Our study contributes to the effort of identifying biological risks of depression in early adolescence in population-based samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000433/pdfft?md5=7e468a99735216037dbcb473b424a467&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103615
Mario Riverol , Mirla M. Ríos-Rivera , Laura Imaz-Aguayo , Sergio M. Solis-Barquero , Carlota Arrondo , Genoveva Montoya-Murillo , Rafael Villino-Rodríguez , Reyes García-Eulate , Pablo Domínguez , Maria A. Fernández-Seara
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions. Some individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are in the early phase of the disease and subsequently progress through the AD continuum. Although neuroimaging biomarkers could be used for the accurate and early diagnosis of preclinical AD, the findings in SCD samples have been heterogeneous. This study established the morphological differences in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between individuals with SCD and those without cognitive impairment based on a clinical sample of patients defined according to SCD-Initiative recommendations. Moreover, we investigated baseline structural changes in the brains of participants who remained stable or progressed to mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
Methods
This study included 309 participants with SCD and 43 healthy controls (HCs) with high-quality brain MRI at baseline. Among the 99 subjects in the SCD group who were followed clinically, 32 progressed (SCDp) and 67 remained stable (SCDnp). A voxel-wise statistical comparison of gray and white matter (WM) volume was performed between the HC and SCD groups and between the HC, SCDp, and SCDnp groups. XTRACT ATLAS was used to define the anatomical location of WM tract damage. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were performed to determine brain volumetric differences. White matter lesion (WML) burden was established in each group.
Results
Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed that the SCD group exhibited gray matter atrophy in the middle frontal gyri, superior orbital gyri, superior frontal gyri, right rectal gyrus, whole occipital lobule, and both thalami and precunei. Meanwhile, ROI analysis revealed decreased volume in the left rectal gyrus, bilateral medial orbital gyri, middle frontal gyri, superior frontal gyri, calcarine fissure, and left thalamus. The SCDp group exhibited greater hippocampal atrophy (p < 0.001) than the SCDnp and HC groups on ROI analyses. On VBM analysis, however, the SCDp group exhibited increased hippocampal atrophy only when compared to the SCDnp group (p < 0.001). The SCD group demonstrated lower WM volume in the uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and callosum forceps than the HC group. However, no significant differences in WML number (p = 0.345) or volume (p = 0.156) were observed between the SCD and HC groups.
Conclusions
The SCD group showed brain atrophy mainly in the frontal and occipital lobes. However, only the SCDp group demonstrated atrophy in the medial temporal lobe at baseline. Structural damage in the brain regions was anatomically connected, which may contribute to early memory decline.
背景阿尔茨海默病(AD)的特点是认知功能逐渐退化。一些主观认知能力下降(SCD)的患者处于疾病的早期阶段,随后会逐渐发展为AD。虽然神经影像生物标志物可用于临床前 AD 的早期准确诊断,但对 SCD 样本的研究结果却不尽相同。本研究基于根据 SCD 倡议建议定义的临床样本,确定了 SCD 患者与无认知障碍患者之间脑磁共振成像(MRI)结果的形态学差异。此外,我们还调查了保持稳定或发展为轻度认知障碍或痴呆症的参与者的大脑基线结构变化。在接受临床随访的 SCD 组 99 名受试者中,32 人病情恶化(SCDp),67 人病情保持稳定(SCDnp)。在 HC 组和 SCD 组之间,以及 HC 组、SCDp 组和 SCDnp 组之间,对灰质和白质(WM)体积进行了体素统计比较。XTRACT ATLAS用于确定WM束损伤的解剖位置。进行感兴趣区(ROI)分析以确定脑容量差异。结果基于体素的形态计量学(VBM)分析显示,SCD 组的额叶中回、眶上回、额上回、右直回、整个枕叶以及丘脑和丘脑前叶都出现了灰质萎缩。同时,ROI 分析显示左侧直回、双侧眶内侧回、额中回、额上回、钙化裂和左侧丘脑的体积减少。在 ROI 分析中,SCDp 组的海马萎缩程度(p < 0.001)高于 SCDnp 组和 HC 组。然而,与 SCDnp 组相比,SCDp 组在 VBM 分析中仅表现出海马萎缩加重(p < 0.001)。与 HC 组相比,SCD 组的钩状束、齿状束、下前枕状束、丘脑前部辐射和胼胝体镊的 WM 容量较低。结论SCD组的脑萎缩主要表现在额叶和枕叶。然而,只有 SCDp 组在基线时表现出内侧颞叶萎缩。这些脑区的结构性损伤在解剖学上相互关联,这可能是导致早期记忆力衰退的原因之一。
{"title":"Structural neuroimaging changes associated with subjective cognitive decline from a clinical sample","authors":"Mario Riverol , Mirla M. Ríos-Rivera , Laura Imaz-Aguayo , Sergio M. Solis-Barquero , Carlota Arrondo , Genoveva Montoya-Murillo , Rafael Villino-Rodríguez , Reyes García-Eulate , Pablo Domínguez , Maria A. Fernández-Seara","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions. Some individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are in the early phase of the disease and subsequently progress through the AD continuum. Although neuroimaging biomarkers could be used for the accurate and early diagnosis of preclinical AD, the findings in SCD samples have been heterogeneous. This study established the morphological differences in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between individuals with SCD and those without cognitive impairment based on a clinical sample of patients defined according to SCD-Initiative recommendations. Moreover, we investigated baseline structural changes in the brains of participants who remained stable or progressed to mild cognitive impairment or dementia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included 309 participants with SCD and 43 healthy controls (HCs) with high-quality brain MRI at baseline. Among the 99 subjects in the SCD group who were followed clinically, 32 progressed (SCDp) and 67 remained stable (SCDnp). A voxel-wise statistical comparison of gray and white matter (WM) volume was performed between the HC and SCD groups and between the HC, SCDp, and SCDnp groups. XTRACT ATLAS was used to define the anatomical location of WM tract damage. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were performed to determine brain volumetric differences. White matter lesion (WML) burden was established in each group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed that the SCD group exhibited gray matter atrophy in the middle frontal gyri, superior orbital gyri, superior frontal gyri, right rectal gyrus, whole occipital lobule, and both thalami and precunei. Meanwhile, ROI analysis revealed decreased volume in the left rectal gyrus, bilateral medial orbital gyri, middle frontal gyri, superior frontal gyri, calcarine fissure, and left thalamus. The SCDp group exhibited greater hippocampal atrophy (<em>p</em> < 0.001) than the SCDnp and HC groups on ROI analyses. On VBM analysis, however, the SCDp group exhibited increased hippocampal atrophy only when compared to the SCDnp group (<em>p</em> < 0.001). The SCD group demonstrated lower WM volume in the uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and callosum forceps than the HC group. However, no significant differences in WML number (<em>p</em> = 0.345) or volume (<em>p</em> = 0.156) were observed between the SCD and HC groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The SCD group showed brain atrophy mainly in the frontal and occipital lobes. However, only the SCDp group demonstrated atrophy in the medial temporal lobe at baseline. Structural damage in the brain regions was anatomically connected, which may contribute to early memory decline.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000548/pdfft?md5=361b08689abba6d96d138ce45d3bc2da&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000548-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103633
Hans-Peter Müller , Agessandro Abrahao , Christian Beaulieu , Michael Benatar , Annie Dionne , Angela Genge , Richard Frayne , Simon J. Graham , Summer Gibson , Lawrence Korngut , Collin Luk , Robert C. Welsh , Lorne Zinman , Jan Kassubek , Sanjay Kalra
Objective
The corticospinal tract (CST) reveals progressive microstructural alterations in ALS measurable by DTI. The aim of this study was to evaluate fractional anisotropy (FA) along the CST as a longitudinal marker of disease progression in ALS.
Methods
The study cohort consisted of 114 patients with ALS and 110 healthy controls from the second prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study of the Canadian ALS Neuroimaging Consortium (CALSNIC-2). DTI and clinical data from a harmonized protocol across 7 centres were collected. Thirty-nine ALS patients and 61 controls completed baseline and two follow-up visits and were included for longitudinal analyses. Whole brain-based spatial statistics and hypothesis-guided tract-of-interest analyses were performed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
Results
FA was reduced at baseline and longitudinally in the CST, mid-corpus callosum (CC), frontal lobe, and other ALS-related tracts, with alterations most evident in the CST and mid-CC. CST and pontine FA correlated with functional impairment (ALSFRS-R), upper motor neuron function, and clinical disease progression rate. Reduction in FA was largely located in the upper CST; however, the longitudinal decline was greatest in the lower CST. Effect sizes were dependent on region, resulting in study group sizes between 17 and 31 per group over a 9-month interval. Cross-sectional effect sizes were maximal in the upper CST; whereas, longitudinal effect sizes were maximal in mid-callosal tracts.
Conclusions
Progressive microstructural alterations in ALS are most prominent in the CST and CC. DTI can provide a biomarker of cerebral degeneration in ALS, with longitudinal changes in white matter demonstrable over a reasonable observation period, with a feasible number of participants, and within a multicentre framework.
目的通过 DTI 测量,皮质脊髓束(CST)显示出渐进性 ALS 的微结构改变。研究队列由加拿大 ALS 神经影像联盟 (CALSNIC-2) 第二项前瞻性纵向多中心研究中的 114 名 ALS 患者和 110 名健康对照者组成。研究人员在 7 个中心收集了统一方案下的 DTI 和临床数据。39 名 ALS 患者和 61 名对照者完成了基线和两次随访,并被纳入纵向分析。结果在基线和纵向上,CST、胼胝体中部(CC)、额叶和其他ALS相关束的FA均降低,其中CST和胼胝体中部的改变最为明显。CST和桥脑FA与功能障碍(ALSFRS-R)、上运动神经元功能和临床疾病进展率相关。FA的降低主要发生在CST上部;然而,纵向下降幅度最大的是CST下部。效应大小取决于不同的区域,因此在9个月的间隔期内,每组的研究人数在17至31人之间。横向效应大小在 CST 上部最大;而纵向效应大小在中胼胝体束最大。DTI 可以为 ALS 的大脑变性提供生物标志物,在合理的观察期内,在可行的参与人数和多中心框架内,白质的纵向变化是可以证明的。
{"title":"Temporal and spatial progression of microstructural cerebral degeneration in ALS: A multicentre longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study","authors":"Hans-Peter Müller , Agessandro Abrahao , Christian Beaulieu , Michael Benatar , Annie Dionne , Angela Genge , Richard Frayne , Simon J. Graham , Summer Gibson , Lawrence Korngut , Collin Luk , Robert C. Welsh , Lorne Zinman , Jan Kassubek , Sanjay Kalra","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The corticospinal tract (CST) reveals progressive microstructural alterations in ALS measurable by DTI. The aim of this study was to evaluate fractional anisotropy (FA) along the CST as a longitudinal marker of disease progression in ALS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study cohort consisted of 114 patients with ALS and 110 healthy controls from the second prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study of the Canadian ALS Neuroimaging Consortium (CALSNIC-2). DTI and clinical data from a harmonized protocol across 7 centres were collected. Thirty-nine ALS patients and 61 controls completed baseline and two follow-up visits and were included for longitudinal analyses. Whole brain-based spatial statistics and hypothesis-guided tract-of-interest analyses were performed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FA was reduced at baseline and longitudinally in the CST, mid-corpus callosum (CC), frontal lobe, and other ALS-related tracts, with alterations most evident in the CST and mid-CC. CST and pontine FA correlated with functional impairment (ALSFRS-R), upper motor neuron function, and clinical disease progression rate. Reduction in FA was largely located in the upper CST; however, the longitudinal decline was greatest in the lower CST. Effect sizes were dependent on region, resulting in study group sizes between 17 and 31 per group over a 9-month interval. Cross-sectional effect sizes were maximal in the upper CST; whereas, longitudinal effect sizes were maximal in mid-callosal tracts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Progressive microstructural alterations in ALS are most prominent in the CST and CC. DTI can provide a biomarker of cerebral degeneration in ALS, with longitudinal changes in white matter demonstrable over a reasonable observation period, with a feasible number of participants, and within a multicentre framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400072X/pdfft?md5=5fef73c3f46e2dde46f979f9533ebae9&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400072X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103630
Brian P. Keane , Yonatan T. Abrham , Luke J. Hearne , Howard Bi , Boyang Hu
Past work has shown that people with schizophrenia exhibit more cross-subject heterogeneity in their functional connectivity patterns. However, it remains unclear whether specific brain networks are implicated, whether common confounds could explain the results, or whether task activations might also be more heterogeneous. Unambiguously establishing the existence and extent of functional heterogeneity constitutes a first step toward understanding why it emerges and what it means clinically. Methods. We first leveraged data from the HCP Early Psychosis project. Functional connectivity (FC) was extracted from 718 parcels via principal components regression. Networks were defined via a brain network partition (Ji et al., 2019). We also examined an independent data set with controls, later-stage schizophrenia patients, and ADHD patients during rest and during a working memory task. We quantified heterogeneity by averaging the Pearson correlation distance of each subject’s FC or task activity pattern to that of every other subject of the same cohort. Results. Affective and non-affective early psychosis patients exhibited more cross-subject whole-brain heterogeneity than healthy controls (ps < 0.001, Hedges’ g > 0.74). Increased heterogeneity could be found in up to seven networks. In-scanner motion, medication, nicotine, and comorbidities could not explain the results. Later-stage schizophrenia patients exhibited heterogeneous connectivity patterns and task activations compared to ADHD and control subjects. Interestingly, individual connection weights, parcel-wise task activations, and network averages thereof were not more variable in patients, suggesting that heterogeneity becomes most obvious over large-scale patterns. Conclusion. Whole-brain cross-subject functional heterogeneity characterizes psychosis during rest and task. Developmental and pathophysiological consequences are discussed.
{"title":"Increased whole-brain functional heterogeneity in psychosis during rest and task","authors":"Brian P. Keane , Yonatan T. Abrham , Luke J. Hearne , Howard Bi , Boyang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Past work has shown that people with schizophrenia exhibit more cross-subject heterogeneity in their functional connectivity patterns. However, it remains unclear whether specific brain networks are implicated, whether common confounds could explain the results, or whether task activations might also be more heterogeneous. Unambiguously establishing the existence and extent of functional heterogeneity constitutes a first step toward understanding why it emerges and what it means clinically. Methods. We first leveraged data from the HCP Early Psychosis project. Functional connectivity (FC) was extracted from 718 parcels via principal components regression. Networks were defined via a brain network partition (<span>Ji et al., 2019</span>). We also examined an independent data set with controls, later-stage schizophrenia patients, and ADHD patients during rest and during a working memory task. We quantified heterogeneity by averaging the Pearson correlation distance of each subject’s FC or task activity pattern to that of every other subject of the same cohort. Results. Affective and non-affective early psychosis patients exhibited more cross-subject whole-brain heterogeneity than healthy controls (ps < 0.001, Hedges’ g > 0.74). Increased heterogeneity could be found in up to seven networks. In-scanner motion, medication, nicotine, and comorbidities could not explain the results. Later-stage schizophrenia patients exhibited heterogeneous connectivity patterns and task activations compared to ADHD and control subjects. Interestingly, individual connection weights, parcel-wise task activations, and network averages thereof were not more variable in patients, suggesting that heterogeneity becomes most obvious over large-scale patterns. Conclusion. Whole-brain cross-subject functional heterogeneity characterizes psychosis during rest and task. Developmental and pathophysiological consequences are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400069X/pdfft?md5=00570ab0a646f81522276e39f3386c0a&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400069X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103654
Background
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by impaired catabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine. Cross-sectional studies suggest slight alterations in cognitive performance and neural activation in adults with early-treated PKU. The influence of high Phe levels on brain function in adulthood, however, remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of a four-week period of oral Phe administration − simulating a controlled discontinuation of Phe restriction and raising Phe to an off-diet scenario − on working memory-related neural activation and cerebral blood flow (CBF).
Methods
We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover, non-inferiority trial to assess the effect of a high Phe load on working memory-related neural activation and CBF in early-treated adults with classical PKU. Twenty-seven patients with early-treated classical PKU were included and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the working memory network and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI to assess CBF before and after a four-week intervention with Phe and placebo. At each of the four study visits, fMRI working memory task performance (reaction time and accuracy) and plasma Phe, tyrosine, and tryptophan levels were obtained. Additionally, cerebral Phe was determined by 1H-MR spectroscopy.
Results
Plasma Phe and cerebral Phe were significantly increased after the Phe intervention. However, no significant effect of Phe compared to placebo was found on neural activation and CBF. Regarding fMRI task performance, a significant impact of the Phe intervention on 1-back reaction time was observed with slower reaction times following the Phe intervention, whereas 3-back reaction time and accuracy did not differ following the Phe intervention compared to the placebo intervention.
Conclusion
Results from this present trial simulating a four-week discontinuation of the Phe-restricted diet showed that a high Phe load did not uniformly affect neural markers and cognition in a statistically significant manner. These results further contribute to the discussion on safe Phe levels during adulthood and suggest that a four-week discontinuation of Phe-restricted diet does not demonstrate significant changes in brain function.
{"title":"Effect of a four-week oral Phe administration on neural activation and cerebral blood flow in adults with early-treated phenylketonuria","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by impaired catabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine. Cross-sectional studies suggest slight alterations in cognitive performance and neural activation in adults with early-treated PKU. The influence of high Phe levels on brain function in adulthood, however, remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of a four-week period of oral Phe administration − simulating a controlled discontinuation of Phe restriction and raising Phe to an off-diet scenario − on working memory-related neural activation and cerebral blood flow (CBF).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover, non-inferiority trial to assess the effect of a high Phe load on working memory-related neural activation and CBF in early-treated adults with classical PKU. Twenty-seven patients with early-treated classical PKU were included and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the working memory network and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI to assess CBF before and after a four-week intervention with Phe and placebo. At each of the four study visits, fMRI working memory task performance (reaction time and accuracy) and plasma Phe, tyrosine, and tryptophan levels were obtained. Additionally, cerebral Phe was determined by <sup>1</sup>H-MR spectroscopy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Plasma Phe and cerebral Phe were significantly increased after the Phe intervention. However, no significant effect of Phe compared to placebo was found on neural activation and CBF. Regarding fMRI task performance, a significant impact of the Phe intervention on 1-back reaction time was observed with slower reaction times following the Phe intervention, whereas 3-back reaction time and accuracy did not differ following the Phe intervention compared to the placebo intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results from this present trial simulating a four-week discontinuation of the Phe-restricted diet showed that a high Phe load did not uniformly affect neural markers and cognition in a statistically significant manner. These results further contribute to the discussion on safe Phe levels during adulthood and suggest that a four-week discontinuation of Phe-restricted diet does not demonstrate significant changes in brain function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000937/pdfft?md5=ae6cacb154743ac59c5318b8158c31f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000937-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580
Ward Deferm , Tiffany Tang , Matthijs Moerkerke , Nicky Daniels , Jean Steyaert , Kaat Alaerts , Els Ortibus , Gunnar Naulaers , Bart Boets
Children born very preterm (VPT, < 32 weeks of gestation) have an increased risk of developing socio-emotional difficulties. Possible neural substrates for these socio-emotional difficulties are alterations in the structural connectivity of the social brain due to premature birth. The objective of the current study was to study microstructural white matter integrity in VPT versus full-term (FT) born school-aged children along twelve white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing. Diffusion MRI scans were obtained from a sample of 35 VPT and 38 FT 8-to-12-year-old children. Tractography was performed using TractSeg, a state-of-the-art neural network-based approach, which offers investigation of detailed tract profiles of fractional anisotropy (FA). Group differences in FA along the tracts were investigated using both a traditional and complementary functional data analysis approach. Exploratory correlations were performed between the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), a parent-report questionnaire assessing difficulties in social functioning, and FA along the tract. Both analyses showed significant reductions in FA for the VPT group along the middle portion of the right SLF I and an anterior portion of the left SLF II. These group differences possibly indicate altered white matter maturation due to premature birth and may contribute to altered functional connectivity in the Theory of Mind network which has been documented in earlier work with VPT samples. Apart from reduced social motivation in the VPT group, there were no significant group differences in reported social functioning, as assessed by SRS-2. We found that in the VPT group higher FA values in segments of the left SLF I and right SLF II were associated with better social functioning. Surprisingly, the opposite was found for segments in the right IFO, where higher FA values were associated with worse reported social functioning. Since no significant correlations were found for the FT group, this relationship may be specific for VPT children. The current study overcomes methodological limitations of previous studies by more accurately segmenting white matter tracts using constrained spherical deconvolution based tractography, by applying complementary tractometry analysis approaches to estimate changes in FA more accurately, and by investigating the FA profile along the three components of the SLF.
极早产儿(VPT,妊娠 32 周)患社会情感障碍的风险更高。造成这些社会情感障碍的可能神经基础是早产导致的社交脑结构连接的改变。本研究的目的是研究早产儿与足月儿学龄儿童的白质微结构完整性,研究涉及社会情感处理的十二条白质束。研究人员从 35 名 8 至 12 岁的 VPT 儿童和 38 名足月儿的样本中获取了弥散核磁共振成像扫描结果。利用基于神经网络的先进方法 TractSeg 进行了椎体造影,该方法可对分数各向异性(FA)的详细椎体轮廓进行研究。采用传统的功能数据分析方法和互补的功能数据分析方法,研究了各束的分数各向异性的群体差异。此外,还对社会反应量表(SRS-2)(一份评估社交功能困难的家长报告问卷)与束的分数各向异性进行了探索性相关分析。两项分析均显示,VPT 组的右侧 SLF I 中部和左侧 SLF II 前部的 FA 明显下降。这些群体差异可能表明,早产导致白质成熟度发生改变,并可能导致心智理论网络的功能连接发生改变。除了 VPT 组的社交动机降低外,SRS-2 评估结果显示,他们的社会功能没有显著的组间差异。我们发现,在 VPT 组中,左侧 SLF I 和右侧 SLF II 区段较高的 FA 值与较好的社会功能相关。令人惊讶的是,右侧 IFO 区段的情况恰恰相反,FA 值越高,报告的社会功能越差。由于在 FT 组中没有发现明显的相关性,这种关系可能是 VPT 儿童特有的。本研究克服了以往研究在方法上的局限性,使用基于约束球形解卷积的牵引成像技术更准确地分割白质束,应用互补的牵引测量分析方法更准确地估计FA的变化,并沿SLF的三个分量调查FA概况。
{"title":"Subtle microstructural alterations in white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing after very preterm birth","authors":"Ward Deferm , Tiffany Tang , Matthijs Moerkerke , Nicky Daniels , Jean Steyaert , Kaat Alaerts , Els Ortibus , Gunnar Naulaers , Bart Boets","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children born very preterm (VPT, < 32 weeks of gestation) have an increased risk of developing socio-emotional difficulties. Possible neural substrates for these socio-emotional difficulties are alterations in the structural connectivity of the social brain due to premature birth. The objective of the current study was to study microstructural white matter integrity in VPT versus full-term (FT) born school-aged children along twelve white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing. Diffusion MRI scans were obtained from a sample of 35 VPT and 38 FT 8-to-12-year-old children. Tractography was performed using TractSeg, a state-of-the-art neural network-based approach, which offers investigation of detailed tract profiles of fractional anisotropy (FA). Group differences in FA along the tracts were investigated using both a traditional and complementary functional data analysis approach. Exploratory correlations were performed between the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), a parent-report questionnaire assessing difficulties in social functioning, and FA along the tract. Both analyses showed significant reductions in FA for the VPT group along the middle portion of the right SLF I and an anterior portion of the left SLF II. These group differences possibly indicate altered white matter maturation due to premature birth and may contribute to altered functional connectivity in the Theory of Mind network which has been documented in earlier work with VPT samples. Apart from reduced social motivation in the VPT group, there were no significant group differences in reported social functioning, as assessed by SRS-2. We found that in the VPT group higher FA values in segments of the left SLF I and right SLF II were associated with better social functioning. Surprisingly, the opposite was found for segments in the right IFO, where higher FA values were associated with worse reported social functioning. Since no significant correlations were found for the FT group, this relationship may be specific for VPT children. The current study overcomes methodological limitations of previous studies by more accurately segmenting white matter tracts using constrained spherical deconvolution based tractography, by applying complementary tractometry analysis approaches to estimate changes in FA more accurately, and by investigating the FA profile along the three components of the SLF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000196/pdfft?md5=643865ad8546aeab53fe40c293b9e29f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139921563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a prevalent radiographic finding in the aging brain studies. Research on WMH association with motor impairment is mostly focused on the lower-extremity function and further investigation on the upper-extremity is needed. How different degrees of WMH burden impact the network of activation recruited during upper limb motor performance could provide further insight on the complex mechanisms of WMH pathophysiology and its interaction with aging and neurological disease processes.
Methods
40 healthy elderly subjects without a neurological/psychiatric diagnosis were included in the study (16F, mean age 69.3 years). All subjects underwent ultra-high field 7 T MRI including structural and finger tapping task-fMRI. First, we quantified the WMH lesion load and its spatial distribution. Secondly, we performed a data-driven stratification of the subjects according to their periventricular and deep WMH burdens. Thirdly, we investigated the distribution of neural recruitment and the corresponding activity assessed through BOLD signal changes among different brain regions for groups of subjects. We clustered the degree of WMH based on location, numbers, and volume into three categories; ranging from mild, moderate, and severe. Finally, we explored how the spatial distribution of WMH, and activity elicited during task-fMRI relate to motor function, measured with the 9-Hole Peg Test.
Results
Within our population, we found three subgroups of subjects, partitioned according to their periventricular and deep WMH lesion load. We found decreased activity in several frontal and cingulate cortex areas in subjects with a severe WMH burden. No statistically significant associations were found when performing the brain-behavior statistical analysis for structural or functional data.
Conclusion
WMH burden has an effect on brain activity during fine motor control and the activity changes are associated with varying degrees of the total burden and distributions of WMH lesions. Collectively, our results shed new light on the potential impact of WMH on motor function in the context of aging and neurodegeneration.
{"title":"Characterizing upper extremity fine motor function in the presence of white matter hyperintensities: A 7 T MRI cross-sectional study in older adults","authors":"Riccardo Iandolo , Esin Avci , Giulia Bommarito , Ioanna Sandvig , Gitta Rohweder , Axel Sandvig","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a prevalent radiographic finding in the aging brain studies. Research on WMH association with motor impairment is mostly focused on the lower-extremity function and further investigation on the upper-extremity is needed. How different degrees of WMH burden impact the network of activation recruited during upper limb motor performance could provide further insight on the complex mechanisms of WMH pathophysiology and its interaction with aging and neurological disease processes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>40 healthy elderly subjects without a neurological/psychiatric diagnosis were included in the study (16F, mean age 69.3 years). All subjects underwent ultra-high field 7 T MRI including structural and finger tapping task-fMRI. First, we quantified the WMH lesion load and its spatial distribution. Secondly, we performed a data-driven stratification of the subjects according to their periventricular and deep WMH burdens. Thirdly, we investigated the distribution of neural recruitment and the corresponding activity assessed through BOLD signal changes among different brain regions for groups of subjects. We clustered the degree of WMH based on location, numbers, and volume into three categories; ranging from mild, moderate, and severe. Finally, we explored how the spatial distribution of WMH, and activity elicited during task-fMRI relate to motor function, measured with the 9-Hole Peg Test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within our population, we found three subgroups of subjects, partitioned according to their periventricular and deep WMH lesion load. We found decreased activity in several frontal and cingulate cortex areas in subjects with a severe WMH burden. No statistically significant associations were found when performing the brain-behavior statistical analysis for structural or functional data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>WMH burden has an effect on brain activity during fine motor control and the activity changes are associated with varying degrees of the total burden and distributions of WMH lesions. Collectively, our results shed new light on the potential impact of WMH on motor function in the context of aging and neurodegeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000081/pdfft?md5=c5c226fed51d2c0e6ce4f3626f6b27c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570
Antígona Martínez , Pablo A. Gaspar , Dalton H. Bermudez , M. Belen Aburto-Ponce , Odeta Beggel , Daniel C. Javitt
Impaired motion perception in schizophrenia has been associated with deficits in social-cognitive processes and with reduced activation of visual sensory regions, including the middle temporal area (MT+) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). These findings are consistent with the recent proposal of the existence of a specific ‘third visual pathway’ specialized for social perception in which motion is a fundamental component. The third visual pathway transmits visual information from early sensory visual processing areas to the STS, with MT+ acting as a critical intermediary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate functioning of this pathway during processing of naturalistic videos with explicit (real) motion and static images with implied motion cues. These measures were related to face emotion recognition and motion-perception, as measured behaviorally. Participants were 28 individuals with schizophrenia (Sz) and 20 neurotypical controls. Compared to controls, individuals with Sz showed reduced activation of third visual pathway regions (MT+, pSTS) in response to both real- and implied-motion stimuli. Dysfunction of early visual cortex and pulvinar were also associated with aberrant real-motion processing. Implied-motion stimuli additionally engaged a wide network of brain areas including parietal, motor and frontal nodes of the human mirror neuron system. The findings support concepts of MT+ as a mediator between visual sensory areas and higher-order brain and argue for greater focus on MT+ contributions to social-cognitive processing, in addition to its well-documented role in visual motion processing.
{"title":"Disrupted third visual pathway function in schizophrenia: Evidence from real and implied motion processing","authors":"Antígona Martínez , Pablo A. Gaspar , Dalton H. Bermudez , M. Belen Aburto-Ponce , Odeta Beggel , Daniel C. Javitt","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Impaired motion perception in schizophrenia has been associated with deficits in social-cognitive processes and with reduced activation of visual sensory regions, including the middle temporal area (MT+) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). These findings are consistent with the recent proposal of the existence of a specific ‘third visual pathway’ specialized for social perception in which motion is a fundamental component. The third visual pathway transmits visual information from early sensory visual processing areas to the STS, with MT+ acting as a critical intermediary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate functioning of this pathway during processing of naturalistic videos with explicit (real) motion and static images with implied motion cues. These measures were related to face emotion recognition and motion-perception, as measured behaviorally. Participants were 28 individuals with schizophrenia (Sz) and 20 neurotypical controls. Compared to controls, individuals with Sz showed reduced activation of third visual pathway regions (MT+, pSTS) in response to both real- and implied-motion stimuli. Dysfunction of early visual cortex and pulvinar were also associated with aberrant real-motion processing. Implied-motion stimuli additionally engaged a wide network of brain areas including parietal, motor and frontal nodes of the human mirror neuron system. The findings support concepts of MT+ as a mediator between visual sensory areas and higher-order brain and argue for greater focus on MT+ contributions to social-cognitive processing, in addition to its well-documented role in visual motion processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000093/pdfft?md5=88c890e9afc150d33c4bd5235e7fbc20&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103631
Alberto Arrigoni , Mattia Previtali , Sara Bosticardo , Giulio Pezzetti , Sofia Poloni , Serena Capelli , Angela Napolitano , Andrea Remuzzi , Rosalia Zangari , Ferdinando Luca Lorini , Maria Sessa , Alessandro Daducci , Anna Caroli , Simonetta Gerevini
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions worldwide, causing mortality and multi-organ morbidity. Neurological complications have been recognized. This study aimed to assess brain structural, microstructural, and connectivity alterations in patients with COVID-19-related olfactory or cognitive impairment using post-acute (time from onset: 264[208–313] days) multi-directional diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI).
Methods
The study included 16 COVID-19 patients with cognitive impairment (COVID-CM), 35 COVID-19 patients with olfactory disorder (COVID-OD), and 14 controls. A state-of-the-art processing pipeline was developed for DW-MRI pre-processing, mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy computation, fiber density and cross-section analysis, and tractography of white-matter bundles. Brain parcellation required for probing network connectivity, region-specific microstructure and volume, and cortical thickness was based on T1-weighted scans and anatomical atlases.
Results
Compared to controls, COVID-CM patients showed overall gray matter atrophy (age and sex corrected p = 0.004), and both COVID-19 patient groups showed regional atrophy and cortical thinning. Both groups presented an increase in gray matter mean diffusivity (corrected p = 0.001), decrease in white matter fiber density and cross-section (corrected p < 0.05), , and COVID-CM patients also displayed an overall increased diffusivity (p = 0.022) and decreased anisotropy (corrected p = 0.038) in white matter. Graph-based analysis revealed reduced network modularity, with an extensive pattern of connectivity increase, in conjunction with a localized reduction in a few connections, mainly located in the left hemisphere. The left cingulate, anterior cingulate, and insula were primarily involved.
Conclusion
Expanding upon previous findings, this study further investigated significant alterations in brain morphology, microstructure, and connectivity in COVID-19 patients with olfactory or cognitive disfunction. These findings suggest underlying neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and concomitant compensatory mechanisms. Future longitudinal studies are required to monitor the alterations over time and assess their transient or permanent nature.
导言 COVID-19 大流行已影响到全球数百万人,造成死亡和多器官发病。神经系统并发症已得到公认。本研究旨在使用急性期后(发病时间:264[208-313]天)多方向弥散加权磁共振成像(DW-MRI)评估 COVID-19 相关嗅觉或认知障碍患者的大脑结构、微结构和连接性改变。研究人员开发了最先进的处理流水线,用于 DW-MRI 预处理、平均扩散率和分数各向异性计算、纤维密度和横截面分析以及白质束的束描。结果与对照组相比,COVID-CM 患者表现出整体灰质萎缩(年龄和性别校正 p = 0.004),COVID-19 两组患者均表现出区域性灰质萎缩和皮质变薄。两组患者的灰质平均扩散率均有所上升(校正后 p = 0.001),白质纤维密度和横截面有所下降(校正后 p = 0.05),COVID-CM 患者的白质扩散率也整体上升(p = 0.022),各向异性下降(校正后 p = 0.038)。基于图形的分析表明,网络模块化程度降低,连接性广泛增加,同时少数连接局部减少,主要位于左半球。结论在先前研究结果的基础上,本研究进一步调查了 COVID-19 嗅觉或认知功能障碍患者大脑形态、微观结构和连接性的显著变化。这些发现提示了潜在的神经变性、神经炎症和伴随的代偿机制。未来需要进行纵向研究,以监测这些改变的时间变化,并评估其短暂性或永久性。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103620
Qinzhu Yang , Guojing Chen , Zhi Yang , Tammy Riklin Raviv , Yi Gao
CA1 subfield and subiculum of the hippocampus contain a series of dentate bulges, which are also called hippocampus dentation (HD). There have been several studies demonstrating an association between HD and brain disorders. Such as the number of hippocampal dentation correlates with temporal lobe epilepsy. And epileptic hippocampus have a lower number of dentation compared to contralateral hippocampus. However, most studies rely on subjective assessment by manual searching and counting in HD areas, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive to process large amounts of samples. And to date, only one objective method for quantifying HD has been proposed. Therefore, to fill this gap, we developed an automated and objective method to quantify HD and explore its relationship with neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we performed a fine-scale morphological characterization of HD in 2911 subjects from four different cohorts of ADNI, PPMI, HCP, and IXI to quantify and explore differences between them in MR T1w images. The results showed that the degree of right hippocampal dentation are lower in patients with Alzheimer's disease than samples in mild cognitive impairment or cognitively normal, whereas this change is not significant in Parkinson's disease progression. The innovation of this paper that we propose a quantitative, robust, and fully automated method. These methodological innovation and corresponding results delineated above constitute the significance and novelty of our study. What’s more, the proposed method breaks through the limitations of manual labeling and is the first to quantitatively measure and compare HD in four different brain populations including thousands of subjects. These findings revealed new morphological patterns in the hippocampal dentation, which can help with subsequent fine-scale hippocampal morphology research.
海马的 CA1 亚野和亚丘包含一系列齿状隆起,也被称为海马齿状突起(HD)。有多项研究表明,HD 与脑部疾病有关。如海马齿状突起的数量与颞叶癫痫相关。与对侧海马相比,癫痫海马的齿状突数目较少。然而,大多数研究都依赖于人工搜索和计数 HD 区域的主观评估,这在处理大量样本时既耗时又耗力。迄今为止,只有一种量化 HD 的客观方法被提出。因此,为了填补这一空白,我们开发了一种自动化的客观方法来量化 HD 并探索其与神经退行性疾病的关系。在这项工作中,我们对来自 ADNI、PPMI、HCP 和 IXI 四个不同队列的 2911 名受试者进行了 HD 的精细形态学表征,以量化和探索它们在 MR T1w 图像中的差异。结果显示,阿尔茨海默病患者右侧海马齿状突起的程度低于轻度认知障碍或认知正常的样本,而这一变化在帕金森病进展过程中并不明显。本文的创新之处在于我们提出了一种定量、稳健和全自动的方法。这些方法上的创新和相应的结果构成了我们研究的意义和新颖性。更重要的是,我们提出的方法突破了人工标注的局限性,首次对包括数千名受试者在内的四种不同大脑群体的 HD 进行了定量测量和比较。这些发现揭示了海马齿状突起的新形态模式,有助于后续海马形态学的精细研究。
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