Non-invasive methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) aid in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy or brain tumor to identify sensorimotor cortices. MEG requires sedation in children or patients with developmental delay. However, TMS can be applied to awake patients of all ages with any cognitive abilities. In this study, we compared the efficacy of TMS with MEG (in awake and sedated states) in identifying the hand sensorimotor areas in patients with epilepsy or brain tumors. We identified 153 patients who underwent awake- (n = 98) or sedated-MEG (n = 55), along with awake TMS for hand sensorimotor mapping as part of their pre-surgical evaluation. TMS involved stimulating the precentral gyrus and recording electromyography responses, while MEG identified the somatosensory cortex during median nerve stimulation. Awake-MEG had a success rate of 92.35 % and TMS had 99.49 % (p-value = 0.5517). However, in the sedated-MEG cohort, TMS success rate of 95.61 % was significantly higher compared to MEG’s 58.77 % (p-value = 0.0001). Factors affecting mapping success were analyzed. Logistic regression across the entire cohort identified patient sedation as the lone significant predictor, contrary to age, lesion, metal, and number of antiseizure medications (ASMs). A subsequent analysis replaced sedation with anesthetic drug dosage, revealing no significant predictors impacting somatosensory mapping success under sedation. This study yields insights into the utility of TMS and MEG in mapping hand sensorimotor cortices and underscores the importance of considering factors that influence eloquent cortex mapping limitations during sedation.
经颅磁刺激(TMS)和脑磁图(MEG)等非侵入性方法有助于对癫痫或脑肿瘤患者进行手术前评估,以确定感觉运动皮层。对于儿童或发育迟缓的患者,MEG 需要使用镇静剂。然而,TMS 可用于任何年龄、任何认知能力的清醒患者。在这项研究中,我们比较了 TMS 和 MEG(在清醒和镇静状态下)在识别癫痫或脑肿瘤患者手部感觉运动区方面的功效。作为手术前评估的一部分,我们对 153 名患者进行了清醒状态下(98 人)或镇静状态下的 MEG(55 人)以及清醒状态下的 TMS 手部感觉运动绘图。TMS 包括刺激前中央回和记录肌电图反应,而 MEG 则是在刺激正中神经时识别躯体感觉皮层。清醒状态下的 MEG 成功率为 92.35%,TMS 成功率为 99.49%(P 值 = 0.5517)。然而,在镇静-MEG 组中,TMS 的成功率为 95.61%,明显高于 MEG 的 58.77%(p 值 = 0.0001)。对影响绘图成功率的因素进行了分析。整个队列的逻辑回归发现,患者镇静是唯一重要的预测因素,与年龄、病变、金属和抗癫痫药物(ASM)的数量无关。随后的分析用麻醉药物剂量代替了镇静,结果显示,镇静状态下没有影响体感测绘成功率的重要预测因素。这项研究为 TMS 和 MEG 绘制手部感觉运动皮层图提供了启示,并强调了在镇静过程中考虑影响能动皮层图局限性的因素的重要性。
{"title":"Comparing the efficacy of awake and sedated MEG to TMS in mapping hand sensorimotor cortex in a clinical cohort","authors":"Negar Noorizadeh , Jackie Austin Varner , Liliya Birg , Theresa Williard , Roozbeh Rezaie , James Wheless , Shalini Narayana","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-invasive methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) aid in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy or brain tumor to identify sensorimotor cortices. MEG requires sedation in children or patients with developmental delay. However, TMS can be applied to awake patients of all ages with any cognitive abilities. In this study, we compared the efficacy of TMS with MEG (in awake and sedated states) in identifying the hand sensorimotor areas in patients with epilepsy or brain tumors. We identified 153 patients who underwent awake- (n = 98) or sedated-MEG (n = 55), along with awake TMS for hand sensorimotor mapping as part of their pre-surgical evaluation. TMS involved stimulating the precentral gyrus and recording electromyography responses, while MEG identified the somatosensory cortex during median nerve stimulation. Awake-MEG had a success rate of 92.35 % and TMS had 99.49 % (p-value = 0.5517). However, in the sedated-MEG cohort, TMS success rate of 95.61 % was significantly higher compared to MEG’s 58.77 % (p-value = 0.0001). Factors affecting mapping success were analyzed. Logistic regression across the entire cohort identified patient sedation as the lone significant predictor, contrary to age, lesion, metal, and number of antiseizure medications (ASMs). A subsequent analysis replaced sedation with anesthetic drug dosage, revealing no significant predictors impacting somatosensory mapping success under sedation. This study yields insights into the utility of TMS and MEG in mapping hand sensorimotor cortices and underscores the importance of considering factors that influence eloquent cortex mapping limitations during sedation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000019/pdfft?md5=56206316987d486287d5a40883eee1d7&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000019-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103564
Christine A. Leonards , Ben J. Harrison , Alec J. Jamieson , James Agathos , Trevor Steward , Christopher G. Davey
Dysfunctional activity of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) – an extensively connected hub region of the default mode network – has been broadly linked to cognitive and affective impairments in depression. However, the nature of aberrant task-related rACC suppression in depression is incompletely understood. In this study, we sought to characterize functional connectivity of rACC activity suppression (‘deactivation’) – an essential feature of rACC function – during external task engagement in depression. Specifically, we aimed to explore neural patterns of functional decoupling and coupling with the rACC during its task-driven suppression. We enrolled 81 15- to 25-year-old young people with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder (MDD) before they commenced a 12-week clinical trial that assessed the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy plus either fluoxetine or placebo. Ninety-four matched healthy controls were also recruited. Participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging face matching task known to elicit rACC suppression. To identify brain regions associated with the rACC during its task-driven suppression, we employed a seed-based functional connectivity analysis. We found MDD participants, compared to controls, showed significantly reduced ‘decoupling’ of the rACC with extended task-specific regions during task performance. Specifically, less decoupling was observed in the occipital and fusiform gyrus, dorsal ACC, medial prefrontal cortex, cuneus, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus. Notably, impaired decoupling was apparent in participants who did not remit to treatment, but not treatment remitters. Further, we found MDD participants showed significant increased coupling with the anterior insula cortex during task engagement. Our findings indicate that aberrant task-related rACC suppression is associated with disruptions in adaptive neural communication and dynamic switching between internal and external cognitive modes that may underpin maladaptive cognitions and biased emotional processing in depression.
{"title":"Altered task-related decoupling of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in depression","authors":"Christine A. Leonards , Ben J. Harrison , Alec J. Jamieson , James Agathos , Trevor Steward , Christopher G. Davey","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dysfunctional activity of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) – an extensively connected hub region of the default mode network – has been broadly linked to cognitive and affective impairments in depression. However, the nature of aberrant task-related rACC suppression in depression is incompletely understood. In this study, we sought to characterize functional connectivity of rACC activity suppression (‘deactivation’) – an essential feature of rACC function – during external task engagement in depression. Specifically, we aimed to explore neural patterns of functional decoupling and coupling with the rACC during its task-driven suppression. We enrolled 81 15- to 25-year-old young people with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder (MDD) before they commenced a 12-week clinical trial that assessed the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy plus either fluoxetine or placebo. Ninety-four matched healthy controls were also recruited. Participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging face matching task known to elicit rACC suppression. To identify brain regions associated with the rACC during its task-driven suppression, we employed a seed-based functional connectivity analysis. We found MDD participants, compared to controls, showed significantly reduced ‘decoupling’ of the rACC with extended task-specific regions during task performance. Specifically, less decoupling was observed in the occipital and fusiform gyrus, dorsal ACC, medial prefrontal cortex, cuneus, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus. Notably, impaired decoupling was apparent in participants who did not remit to treatment, but not treatment remitters. Further, we found MDD participants showed significant increased coupling with the anterior insula cortex during task engagement. Our findings indicate that aberrant task-related rACC suppression is associated with disruptions in adaptive neural communication and dynamic switching between internal and external cognitive modes that may underpin maladaptive cognitions and biased emotional processing in depression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000032/pdfft?md5=daf988d0068e31cce3fbf08619ff9f99&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103621
Daniel D. Callow , Adam P. Spira , Vadim Zipunnikov , Hanzhang Lu , Sarah K. Wanigatunga , Jill A. Rabinowitz , Marilyn Albert , Arnold Bakker , Anja Soldan , the BIOCARD Research Team
Greater physical activity and better sleep are associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia among older adults, but little is known about their combined associations with measures of brain function and neuropathology. This study investigated potential independent and interactive cross-sectional relationships between actigraphy-estimated total volume of physical activity (TVPA) and sleep patterns [i.e., total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE)] with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) measures of large scale network connectivity and positron emission tomography (PET) measures of amyloid-β. Participants were 135 non-demented older adults from the BIOCARD study (116 cognitively normal and 19 with mild cognitive impairment; mean age = 70.0 years). Using multiple linear regression analyses, we assessed the association between TVPA, TST, and SE with connectivity within the default-mode, salience, and fronto-parietal control networks, and with network modularity, a measure of network segregation. Higher TVPA and SE were independently associated with greater network modularity, although the positive relationship of SE with modularity was only present in amyloid-negative individuals. Additionally, higher TVPA was associated with greater connectivity within the default-mode network, while greater SE was related to greater connectivity within the salience network. In contrast, longer TST was associated with lower network modularity, particularly among amyloid-positive individuals, suggesting a relationship between longer sleep duration and greater network disorganization. Physical activity and sleep measures were not associated with amyloid positivity. These data suggest that greater physical activity levels and more efficient sleep may promote more segregated and potentially resilient functional networks and increase functional connectivity within specific large-scale networks and that the relationship between sleep and functional networks connectivity may depend on amyloid status.
{"title":"Sleep and physical activity measures are associated with resting-state network segregation in non-demented older adults","authors":"Daniel D. Callow , Adam P. Spira , Vadim Zipunnikov , Hanzhang Lu , Sarah K. Wanigatunga , Jill A. Rabinowitz , Marilyn Albert , Arnold Bakker , Anja Soldan , the BIOCARD Research Team","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Greater physical activity and better sleep are associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia among older adults, but little is known about their combined associations with measures of brain function and neuropathology. This study investigated potential independent and interactive cross-sectional relationships between actigraphy-estimated total volume of physical activity (TVPA) and sleep patterns [i.e., total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE)] with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) measures of large scale network connectivity and positron emission tomography (PET) measures of amyloid-β. Participants were 135 non-demented older adults from the BIOCARD study (116 cognitively normal and 19 with mild cognitive impairment; mean age = 70.0 years). Using multiple linear regression analyses, we assessed the association between TVPA, TST, and SE with connectivity within the default-mode, salience, and fronto-parietal control networks, and with network modularity, a measure of network segregation. Higher TVPA and SE were independently associated with greater network modularity, although the positive relationship of SE with modularity was only present in amyloid-negative individuals. Additionally, higher TVPA was associated with greater connectivity within the default-mode network, while greater SE was related to greater connectivity within the salience network. In contrast, longer TST was associated with lower network modularity, particularly among amyloid-positive individuals, suggesting a relationship between longer sleep duration and greater network disorganization. Physical activity and sleep measures were not associated with amyloid positivity. These data suggest that greater physical activity levels and more efficient sleep may promote more segregated and potentially resilient functional networks and increase functional connectivity within specific large-scale networks and that the relationship between sleep and functional networks connectivity may depend on amyloid status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000603/pdfft?md5=cf1c57ee0d80b4cb35794323ad368710&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000603-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103642
Introduction
Postural instability (PI) is a common disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, but the brain alterations underlying this sign are not fully understood yet. This study aimed to investigate the association between PI and callosal damage in PD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, using multimodal MR imaging.
Methods
One-hundred and two PD patients stratified according to the presence/absence of PI (PD-steady N=58; PD-unsteady N=44), 69 PSP patients, and 38 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural and diffusion 3T brain MRI. Thickness, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated over 50 equidistant points covering the whole midsagittal profile of the corpus callosum (CC) and compared among groups. Associations between imaging metrics and postural instability score were investigated using linear regression.
Results
Both PSP and PD-unsteady patient groups showed CC involvement in comparison with HC, while no difference was found between PD-steady patients and controls. The CC damage was more severe and widespread in PSP than in PD patients. The CC genu was the regions most damaged in PD-unsteady patients compared with PD-steady patients, showing significant microstructural alterations of MD and FA metrics. Linear regression analysis pointed at the MD in the CC genu as the main contributor to PI among the considered MRI metrics.
Conclusion
This study identified callosal microstructural alterations associated with PI in unsteady PD and PSP patients, which provide new insights on PI pathophysiology and might serve as imaging biomarkers for assessing postural instability progression and treatment response.
导言:姿势不稳定(PI)是帕金森病(PD)患者常见的致残症状,但这种症状背后的脑部改变尚未完全明了。本研究旨在利用多模态磁共振成像技术研究帕金森病和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)患者的姿势不稳与胼胝体损伤之间的关系。方法对120名帕金森病患者(根据存在/不存在姿势不稳进行分层,帕金森病稳定型58人;帕金森病不稳定型44人)、69名PSP患者和38名健康对照组(HC)进行了结构和弥散3T脑磁共振成像。计算了覆盖胼胝体(CC)整个中矢状面的 50 个等距点的厚度、分数各向异性(FA)和平均扩散率(MD),并在各组间进行比较。结果与HC相比,PSP和PD-不稳定性患者组都显示出CC受累,而PD-稳定性患者与对照组之间没有差异。与帕金森病患者相比,帕金森病患者的CC损伤更严重、更广泛。与帕金森病稳定期患者相比,帕金森病不稳定期患者的CC真皮层是受损最严重的区域,其MD和FA指标显示出显著的微结构改变。线性回归分析表明,在考虑的 MRI 指标中,CC 属部的 MD 是导致 PI 的主要因素。
{"title":"Corpus callosum damage in PSP and unsteady PD patients: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Postural instability (PI) is a common disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, but the brain alterations underlying this sign are not fully understood yet. This study aimed to investigate the association between PI and callosal damage in PD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, using multimodal MR imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One-hundred and two PD patients stratified according to the presence/absence of PI (PD-steady N=58; PD-unsteady N=44), 69 PSP patients, and 38 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural and diffusion 3T brain MRI. Thickness, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated over 50 equidistant points covering the whole midsagittal profile of the corpus callosum (CC) and compared among groups. Associations between imaging metrics and postural instability score were investigated using linear regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both PSP and PD-unsteady patient groups showed CC involvement in comparison with HC, while no difference was found between PD-steady patients and controls. The CC damage was more severe and widespread in PSP than in PD patients. The CC genu was the regions most damaged in PD-unsteady patients compared with PD-steady patients, showing significant microstructural alterations of MD and FA metrics. Linear regression analysis pointed at the MD in the CC genu as the main contributor to PI among the considered MRI metrics.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study identified callosal microstructural alterations associated with PI in unsteady PD and PSP patients, which provide new insights on PI pathophysiology and might serve as imaging biomarkers for assessing postural instability progression and treatment response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000810/pdfft?md5=0c295c9f421eaa1b72c2a8e4bdbbbd7e&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000810-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103608
Yanling Yang , Shichang Luo , Wenjie Wang , Xiumin Gao , Xufeng Yao , Tao Wu
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive technique that can precisely capture the dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of the brain by measuring the magnetic fields arising from neuronal activity along the order of milliseconds. Observations of brain dynamics have been used in cognitive neuroscience, the diagnosis of neurological diseases, and the brain-computer interface (BCI). In this study, we outline the basic principle, signal processing, and source localization of MEG, and describe its clinical applications for cognitive assessment, the diagnoses of neurological diseases and mental disorders, preoperative evaluation, and the BCI. This review not only provides an overall perspective of MEG, ranging from practical techniques to clinical applications, but also enhances the prevalent understanding of neural mechanisms. The use of MEG is expected to lead to significant breakthroughs in neuroscience.
脑磁图(MEG)是一种非侵入性技术,可通过测量神经元活动产生的毫秒级磁场,精确捕捉大脑的动态时空模式。大脑动态观测已被用于认知神经科学、神经疾病诊断和脑机接口(BCI)。在本研究中,我们概述了 MEG 的基本原理、信号处理和信号源定位,并介绍了其在认知评估、神经系统疾病和精神障碍诊断、术前评估和 BCI 方面的临床应用。这篇综述不仅提供了从实用技术到临床应用的 MEG 整体视角,而且加深了人们对神经机制的普遍理解。MEG 的使用有望在神经科学领域带来重大突破。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609
Robert Zivadinov , Niels Bergsland , Dejan Jakimovski , Bianca Weinstock-Guttman , Lorena Lorefice , Menno M. Schoonheim , Sarah A. Morrow , Mary Ann Picone , Gabriel Pardo , Myassar Zarif , Mark Gudesblatt , Jacqueline A. Nicholas , Andrew Smith , Samuel Hunter , Stephen Newman , Mahmoud A. AbdelRazek , Ina Hoti , Jon Riolo , Diego Silva , Tom A. Fuchs , Ralph HB. Benedict
Background
Prior research has established a link between thalamic pathology and cognitive impairment (CI) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the translation of these findings to pwMS in everyday clinical settings has been insufficient.
Objective
To assess which global and/or thalamic imaging biomarkers can be used to identify pwMS at risk for CI and cognitive worsening (CW) in a real-world setting.
Methods
This was an international, multi-center (11 centers), longitudinal, retrospective, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwRRMS). Brain MRI exams acquired at baseline and follow-up were collected. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Thalamic volume (TV) measurement was performed on T2-FLAIR, as well as on T1-WI, when available. Thalamic dysconnectivity, T2-lesion volume (T2-LV), and volumes of gray matter (GM), whole brain (WB) and lateral ventricles (LVV) were also assessed.
Results
332 pwMS were followed for an average of 2.8 years. At baseline, T2-LV, LVV, TV and thalamic dysconnectivity on T2-FLAIR (p < 0.016), and WB, GM and TV volumes on T1-WI (p < 0.039) were significantly worse in 90 (27.1 %) CI vs. 242 (62.9 %) non-CI pwRRMS. Greater SDMT decline over the follow-up was associated with lower baseline TV on T2-FLAIR (standardized β = 0.203, p = 0.002) and greater thalamic dysconnectivity (standardized β = -0.14, p = 0.028) in a linear regression model.
Conclusions
PwRRMS with thalamic atrophy and worse thalamic dysconnectivity present more frequently with CI and experience greater CW over mid-term follow-up in a real-world setting.
{"title":"Thalamic atrophy and dysconnectivity are associated with cognitive impairment in a multi-center, clinical routine, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","authors":"Robert Zivadinov , Niels Bergsland , Dejan Jakimovski , Bianca Weinstock-Guttman , Lorena Lorefice , Menno M. Schoonheim , Sarah A. Morrow , Mary Ann Picone , Gabriel Pardo , Myassar Zarif , Mark Gudesblatt , Jacqueline A. Nicholas , Andrew Smith , Samuel Hunter , Stephen Newman , Mahmoud A. AbdelRazek , Ina Hoti , Jon Riolo , Diego Silva , Tom A. Fuchs , Ralph HB. Benedict","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prior research has established a link between thalamic pathology and cognitive impairment (CI) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the translation of these findings to pwMS in everyday clinical settings has been insufficient.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess which global and/or thalamic imaging biomarkers can be used to identify pwMS at risk for CI and cognitive worsening (CW) in a real-world setting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an international, multi-center (11 centers), longitudinal, retrospective, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwRRMS). Brain MRI exams acquired at baseline and follow-up were collected. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Thalamic volume (TV) measurement was performed on T2-FLAIR, as well as on T1-WI, when available. Thalamic dysconnectivity, T2-lesion volume (T2-LV), and volumes of gray matter (GM), whole brain (WB) and lateral ventricles (LVV) were also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>332 pwMS were followed for an average of 2.8 years. At baseline, T2-LV, LVV, TV and thalamic dysconnectivity on T2-FLAIR (p < 0.016), and WB, GM and TV volumes on T1-WI (p < 0.039) were significantly worse in 90 (27.1 %) CI vs. 242 (62.9 %) non-CI pwRRMS. Greater SDMT decline over the follow-up was associated with lower baseline TV on T2-FLAIR (standardized β = 0.203, p = 0.002) and greater thalamic dysconnectivity (standardized β = -0.14, p = 0.028) in a linear regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PwRRMS with thalamic atrophy and worse thalamic dysconnectivity present more frequently with CI and experience greater CW over mid-term follow-up in a real-world setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000482/pdfft?md5=6bf61760d7e5018494fe80b28d4e13eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103643
Hallucinations are a prominent transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom but are also prevalent in individuals who do not require clinical care. Moreover, persistent psychosis-like experience in otherwise healthy individuals may be related to an increased risk to transition to a psychotic disorder. This suggests a common etiology across clinical and non-clinical individuals along a multidimensional psychosis continuum that may be detectable in structural variations of the brain. The current diffusion tensor imaging study assessed 50 healthy individuals (35 females) to identify possible differences in white matter associated with hallucination proneness (HP). This approach circumvents potential confounds related to medication, hospitalization, and disease progression common in clinical individuals. We determined how HP relates to white matter structure in selected association, commissural, and projection fiber pathways putatively linked to psychosis. Increased HP was associated with enhanced fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right uncinate fasciculus, the right anterior and posterior arcuate fasciculus, and the corpus callosum. These findings support the notion of a psychosis continuum, providing first evidence of structural white matter variability associated with HP in healthy individuals. Furthermore, alterations in the targeted pathways likely indicate an association between HP-related structural variations and the putative salience and attention mechanisms that these pathways subserve.
{"title":"Variability in white matter structure relates to hallucination proneness","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hallucinations are a prominent transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom but are also prevalent in individuals who do not require clinical care. Moreover, persistent psychosis-like experience in otherwise healthy individuals may be related to an increased risk to transition to a psychotic disorder. This suggests a common etiology across clinical and non-clinical individuals along a multidimensional psychosis continuum that may be detectable in structural variations of the brain. The current diffusion tensor imaging study assessed 50 healthy individuals (35 females) to identify possible differences in white matter associated with hallucination proneness (HP). This approach circumvents potential confounds related to medication, hospitalization, and disease progression common in clinical individuals. We determined how HP relates to white matter structure in selected association, commissural, and projection fiber pathways putatively linked to psychosis. Increased HP was associated with enhanced fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right uncinate fasciculus, the right anterior and posterior arcuate fasciculus, and the corpus callosum. These findings support the notion of a psychosis continuum, providing first evidence of structural white matter variability associated with HP in healthy individuals. Furthermore, alterations in the targeted pathways likely indicate an association between HP-related structural variations and the putative salience and attention mechanisms that these pathways subserve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000822/pdfft?md5=097302df699c86edec38fc3fa8c2cd71&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000822-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661
Objective
The study aimed to investigate changes in basal levels of the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and cortical gyrification in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which could further identify potential imaging biomarkers for PD, particularly in patients with early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD).
Method
Fifty patients with PD (EOPD: 10, late-onset Parkinson’s disease [LOPD]: 40) and fifty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent GABA-edited 1H MRS of the SMC and high-resolution 3D T1-weighted brain imaging. GABA levels and local gyrification index (LGI) were calculated to assess GABAergic and cortical gyrification deficits in PD.
Result
The Pearson correlation coefficients revealed significant negative associations between eight indicators, including GABA/Cr level and local gyrification index (LGI) of specific cortical regions (precentral, postcentral, entorhinal, superiortemporal, posteriorcingulate, cuneus, and transversetemporal cortex), and the likelihood of Parkinson’s disease (r < -0.4, p < 0.001). Additionally, GABA levels were significantly lower in the SMC region of both EOPD and LOPD patients compared to healthy controls (mean ± SD [u.i.]: EOPD=0.081 ± 0.022 vs. Young-HC=0.112 ± 0.021, p = 0.003; LOPD=0.054 ± 0.024 vs. Old-HC=0.099 ± 0.021, p < 0.001). The logistic regression model was established by using multivariate analysis, identifying two statistically significant indicators: GABA/Cr and LGI of the transversetemporal. The combined model exhibited the highest AUC values in both younger and older populations.
Conclusion
GABAergic dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD patients. Changes in neurotransmitter and morphological may serve as potential markers for the preclinical diagnosis and progression of PD, including EOPD.
{"title":"Unveiling MRI markers for Parkinson’s Disease: GABAergic dysfunction and cortical changes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study aimed to investigate changes in basal levels of the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and cortical gyrification in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which could further identify potential imaging biomarkers for PD, particularly in patients with early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Fifty patients with PD (EOPD: 10, late-onset Parkinson’s disease [LOPD]: 40) and fifty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent GABA-edited 1H MRS of the SMC and high-resolution 3D T1-weighted brain imaging. GABA levels and local gyrification index (LGI) were calculated to assess GABAergic and cortical gyrification deficits in PD.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The Pearson correlation coefficients revealed significant negative associations between eight indicators, including GABA/Cr level and local gyrification index (LGI) of specific cortical regions (precentral, postcentral, entorhinal, superiortemporal, posteriorcingulate, cuneus, and transversetemporal cortex), and the likelihood of Parkinson’s disease (r < -0.4, p < 0.001). Additionally, GABA levels were significantly lower in the SMC region of both EOPD and LOPD patients compared to healthy controls (mean ± SD [u.i.]: EOPD=0.081 ± 0.022 vs. Young-HC=0.112 ± 0.021, p = 0.003; LOPD=0.054 ± 0.024 vs. Old-HC=0.099 ± 0.021, p < 0.001). The logistic regression model was established by using multivariate analysis, identifying two statistically significant indicators: GABA/Cr and LGI of the transversetemporal. The combined model exhibited the highest AUC values in both younger and older populations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>GABAergic dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD patients. Changes in neurotransmitter and morphological may serve as potential markers for the preclinical diagnosis and progression of PD, including EOPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224001001/pdfft?md5=ef95c34dbf3f7be8ee907cfaf8b16293&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224001001-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103653
Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be a debilitating condition characterized by rhythmic, heartbeat-synchronous sounds, which can severely impact patients’ quality of life. Understanding the neuroanatomical changes in PT patients may provide critical insights into the impacts of this condition. This study aimed to investigate potential differences in cortical and subcortical brain volume between adults with PT and age-matched controls (60 to 70 years of age). A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of imaging and medical records was conducted, with data collected from January 2015 to December 2021. The study was conducted in a tertiary referral center with a specialized tinnitus clinic. A total of 135 adults diagnosed with PT and 135 age-matched controls were included. All participants were screened for PT and relevant medical history, with consecutive sampling used for selection. Cortical and subcortical brain volume differences between PT patients and controls were measured using Freesurfer. PT patients (n = 79, after exclusion of patients with inadequate imaging data) exhibited significant decreases in cortical thickness in the anterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex, and decreased volume in the left putamen, compared to age-matched controls (n = 135). PT patients also demonstrated significant increased volume in frontal and occipital lobe structures, the cerebellum, hippocampi, and ventral pallidum. In conclusion, our findings suggest that individuals with PT may have structural differences in brain regions related to auditory processing, and depression, which provides additional evidence of the psychiatric sequalae of PT. These findings demonstrate that there are neuroanatomical alterations in patients with PT, emphasizing the value in evaluating and treating this disease to prevent these neuroanatomical differences from developing.
{"title":"Beyond the Buzz: Cortical and subcortical brain changes in patients with pulsatile tinnitus","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be a debilitating condition characterized by rhythmic, heartbeat-synchronous sounds, which can severely impact patients’ quality of life. Understanding the neuroanatomical changes in PT patients may provide critical insights into the impacts of this condition. This study aimed to investigate potential differences in cortical and subcortical brain volume between adults with PT and age-matched controls (60 to 70 years of age). A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of imaging and medical records was conducted, with data collected from January 2015 to December 2021. The study was conducted in a tertiary referral center with a specialized tinnitus clinic. A total of 135 adults diagnosed with PT and 135 age-matched controls were included. All participants were screened for PT and relevant medical history, with consecutive sampling used for selection. Cortical and subcortical brain volume differences between PT patients and controls were measured using Freesurfer. PT patients (n = 79, after exclusion of patients with inadequate imaging data) exhibited significant decreases in cortical thickness in the anterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex, and decreased volume in the left putamen, compared to age-matched controls (n = 135). PT patients also demonstrated significant increased volume in frontal and occipital lobe structures, the cerebellum, hippocampi, and ventral pallidum. In conclusion, our findings suggest that individuals with PT may have structural differences in brain regions related to auditory processing, and depression, which provides additional evidence of the psychiatric sequalae of PT. These findings demonstrate that there are neuroanatomical alterations in patients with PT, emphasizing the value in evaluating and treating this disease to prevent these neuroanatomical differences from developing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000925/pdfft?md5=f2aa69aa52a815325a99bf8553b5eaa3&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000925-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Functional neurological disorders were historically regarded as the manifestation of a dynamic brain lesion which might be linked to trauma or stress, although this association has not yet been directly tested yet. Analysing large-scale brain network dynamics at rest in relation to stress biomarkers assessed by salivary cortisol and amylase could provide new insights into the pathophysiology of functional neurological symptoms.
Methods
Case-control resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of 79 patients with mixed functional neurological disorders (i.e., functional movement disorders, functional seizures, persistent perceptual-postural dizziness) and 74 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Using a two-step hierarchical data-driven neuroimaging approach, static functional connectivity was first computed between 17 resting-state networks. Second, dynamic alterations in these networks were examined using co-activation pattern analysis. Using a partial least squares correlation analysis, the multivariate pattern of correlation between altered temporal characteristics and stress biomarkers as well as clinical scores were evaluated.
Results
Compared to healthy controls, patients presented with functional aberrancies of the salience-limbic network connectivity. Thus, the insula and amygdala were selected as seed-regions for the subsequent analyses. Insular co-(de)activation patterns related to the salience network, the somatomotor network and the default mode network were detected, which patients entered more frequently than controls. Moreover, an insular co-(de)activation pattern with subcortical regions together with a wide-spread co-(de)activation with diverse cortical networks was detected, which patients entered less frequently than controls. In patients, dynamic alterations conjointly correlated with amylase measures and duration of symptoms.
Conclusion
The relationship between alterations in insular co-activation patterns, stress biomarkers and clinical data proposes inter-related mechanisms involved in stress regulation and functional (network) integration. In summary, altered functional brain network dynamics were identified in patients with functional neurological disorder supporting previously raised concepts of impaired attentional and interoceptive processing.
{"title":"Transient resting-state salience-limbic co-activation patterns in functional neurological disorders","authors":"Samantha Weber , Janine Bühler , Serafeim Loukas , Thomas A.W. Bolton , Giorgio Vanini , Rupert Bruckmaier , Selma Aybek","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Functional neurological disorders were historically regarded as the manifestation of a <em>dynamic</em> brain lesion which might be linked to trauma or stress, although this association has not yet been directly tested yet. Analysing large-scale brain network dynamics at rest in relation to stress biomarkers assessed by salivary cortisol and amylase could provide new insights into the pathophysiology of functional neurological symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Case-control resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of 79 patients with mixed functional neurological disorders (i.e., functional movement disorders, functional seizures, persistent perceptual-postural dizziness) and 74 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Using a two-step hierarchical data-driven neuroimaging approach, <em>static</em> functional connectivity was first computed between 17 resting-state networks. Second, <em>dynamic</em> alterations in these networks were examined using co-activation pattern analysis. Using a partial least squares correlation analysis, the multivariate pattern of correlation between altered temporal characteristics and stress biomarkers as well as clinical scores were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to healthy controls, patients presented with functional aberrancies of the salience-limbic network connectivity. Thus, the insula and amygdala were selected as seed-regions for the subsequent analyses. Insular co-(de)activation patterns related to the salience network, the somatomotor network and the default mode network were detected, which patients entered more frequently than controls. Moreover, an insular co-(de)activation pattern with subcortical regions together with a wide-spread co-(de)activation with diverse cortical networks was detected, which patients entered less frequently than controls. In patients, dynamic alterations conjointly correlated with amylase measures and duration of symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The relationship between alterations in insular co-activation patterns, stress biomarkers and clinical data proposes inter-related mechanisms involved in stress regulation and functional (network) integration. In summary, altered functional brain network dynamics were identified in patients with functional neurological disorder supporting previously raised concepts of impaired attentional and interoceptive processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000226/pdfft?md5=505dbff60831e527b8f5bcbec1a1e6bf&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000226-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139986952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}