Hayat Akroud, M. El-Bouhssini, R. Bouharroud, S. Udupa, F. Henkrar, M. Boujghagh, T. Koussa, M. Sbaghi
Genetic diversity and relationship among a set of 18 cactus pear genotypes, with different degrees of resistance to cochineal scale insect (Dactylopius opuntiae), was estimated using eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The genotypes used belong to four Opuntia species (O. engelmanii, O. ficus indica, O. robusta, and o. dillenii). The analysis revealed a total number of 56 alleles (Mean = 7) and an average genetic diversity index of 0.76 with genetic distances ranging from 0.00 to 1.00 at eight microsatellite loci in 18 Moroccan cactus pear genotypes. All microsatellites used were found to be highly informative, with mean polymorphic information content (PIC) estimated at 0.72. Genetic relationship estimated using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method and the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), showed that the 18 genotypes were successfully assigned to four clusters, separated according to their taxonomy distribution and their levels of resistance to D. opuntiae. The results of this study demonstrated that the Moroccan cactus pear genotypes evaluated are highly divergent and that these genotypes will be useful for future crossing programs to improve the genetic diversity in Opuntia for resistance to D. opuntiae.
利用8个SSR标记，对18个对胭脂虫(Dactylopius opuntiae)具有不同抗性的仙人掌梨基因型的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了分析。所使用的基因型属于4个机会种(O. engelmanii, O. ficus indica, O. robusta和O. dillenii)。结果表明，18个摩洛哥仙人掌梨基因型的8个微卫星位点共有56个等位基因(平均7个)，平均遗传多样性指数为0.76，遗传距离在0.00 ~ 1.00之间。所有使用的微卫星都具有很高的信息量，平均多态信息含量(PIC)估计为0.72。利用邻联法(NJ)和主坐标分析(PCoA)对18个基因型的亲缘关系进行了分析，结果表明，这18个基因型被划分为4个聚类，并根据它们的分类分布和对机会姬蚊的抗性水平进行了分离。本研究结果表明，所评价的摩洛哥仙人掌梨基因型具有高度的差异性，这些基因型将为今后的杂交计划提供依据，以提高摩洛哥仙人掌对仙人掌病抗性的遗传多样性。
{"title":"Genetic relations among Moroccan Opuntia genotypes with different degrees of resistance to Dactylopius opuntiae","authors":"Hayat Akroud, M. El-Bouhssini, R. Bouharroud, S. Udupa, F. Henkrar, M. Boujghagh, T. Koussa, M. Sbaghi","doi":"10.56890/jpacd.v24i.480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v24i.480","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diversity and relationship among a set of 18 cactus pear genotypes, with different degrees of resistance to cochineal scale insect (Dactylopius opuntiae), was estimated using eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The genotypes used belong to four Opuntia species (O. engelmanii, O. ficus indica, O. robusta, and o. dillenii). The analysis revealed a total number of 56 alleles (Mean = 7) and an average genetic diversity index of 0.76 with genetic distances ranging from 0.00 to 1.00 at eight microsatellite loci in 18 Moroccan cactus pear genotypes. All microsatellites used were found to be highly informative, with mean polymorphic information content (PIC) estimated at 0.72. Genetic relationship estimated using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method and the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), showed that the 18 genotypes were successfully assigned to four clusters, separated according to their taxonomy distribution and their levels of resistance to D. opuntiae. The results of this study demonstrated that the Moroccan cactus pear genotypes evaluated are highly divergent and that these genotypes will be useful for future crossing programs to improve the genetic diversity in Opuntia for resistance to D. opuntiae.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46864210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aurelio Pedroza Sandoval, Nidia Susana Sifuentes Rodríguez, Ricardo Trejo Calzada, J. Zegbe-Domínguez, Rafael Minjares-Fuentes, J. A. Samaniego-Gaxiola
The derivatives of aloe plant leave [Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.], such as gel, juice, and powder, are highly appreciated in the industrial sector. This study evaluated the effect of different soil moisture contents on the growth, production, and gel quality of aloe grown in an arid region of Mexico. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Base on the percentage of field capacity (FC), three irrigation treatments were tested: 42%, 72%, and 100% of FC corresponding, on average (± standard deviation), to 0.12 ± 0.02 m3 m-3 (as control), 0.18 ± 0.02 m3 m-3, and 0.24 ± 0.02 m3 m-3 of soil water content, respectively. Aloe plants watered with 72% of FC had greater plant height and leaf width than plants watered at 42% of field capacity, while plants with 100% of FC treatment had the longest (56.1 cm) and thickest (1.5 cm) leaves. Aloe plants irrigated at either 72% or 100% of field capacity produced the freshest leaf biomass and gel. In contrast, plants grown at 42% of field capacity treatments had the highest pH (4.94), total soluble solids (1.77 °Brix), ash content (0.62%), methanol-precipitated solids (1.24%), and total solids (1.88%) of aloe gel. Even though the lowest soil moisture content (42% of field capacity) reduced plant and leaf growth and leaf and gel yields, gel quality was enhanced, meeting the gel quality standards demanded by the international market.
{"title":"Leaf production and gel quality of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F. under irrigation regimens in northern Mexico","authors":"Aurelio Pedroza Sandoval, Nidia Susana Sifuentes Rodríguez, Ricardo Trejo Calzada, J. Zegbe-Domínguez, Rafael Minjares-Fuentes, J. A. Samaniego-Gaxiola","doi":"10.56890/jpacd.v24i.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v24i.497","url":null,"abstract":"The derivatives of aloe plant leave [Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.], such as gel, juice, and powder, are highly appreciated in the industrial sector. This study evaluated the effect of different soil moisture contents on the growth, production, and gel quality of aloe grown in an arid region of Mexico. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Base on the percentage of field capacity (FC), three irrigation treatments were tested: 42%, 72%, and 100% of FC corresponding, on average (± standard deviation), to 0.12 ± 0.02 m3 m-3 (as control), 0.18 ± 0.02 m3 m-3, and 0.24 ± 0.02 m3 m-3 of soil water content, respectively. Aloe plants watered with 72% of FC had greater plant height and leaf width than plants watered at 42% of field capacity, while plants with 100% of FC treatment had the longest (56.1 cm) and thickest (1.5 cm) leaves. Aloe plants irrigated at either 72% or 100% of field capacity produced the freshest leaf biomass and gel. In contrast, plants grown at 42% of field capacity treatments had the highest pH (4.94), total soluble solids (1.77 °Brix), ash content (0.62%), methanol-precipitated solids (1.24%), and total solids (1.88%) of aloe gel. Even though the lowest soil moisture content (42% of field capacity) reduced plant and leaf growth and leaf and gel yields, gel quality was enhanced, meeting the gel quality standards demanded by the international market.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47495557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) is a worldwide successful biological control agent for some invasive Opuntia Mill. (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae) species, and a primary pest where this species is commercially cultivated, which has renewed its scientific interest. Therefore, this research characterized regularities of the scientific production and identified emerging research trends on D. opuntiae, using one-dimensional and multidimensional bibliometric indicators. The search and retrieve of metadata from nine scientific publications databases (Biological Abstracts, Cab abstracts, Crossref, Google Academic, Dimensions, Microsoft Academic Search, Science Citation Index Expanded, Scopus, and Zoological Record) was condensed into a 193 documents collection, spanning from 1848 to 2021 using the Zotero® bibliographic reference manager. Publish or Perish® and Excel® were used to generate one-dimensional indicators and VOSviewer® for multi-dimensional indicators. Eighty percent of the publications on D. opuntiae were registered in the last 20 years, which denotes the specie´s recently acquired importance. The addressed topics in the two assessed periods showed drastic changes, since, while in the first period (1848-2000) these were directed, particularly, to its applications as a biological control agent for various Opuntia species; during the next period (2001-2021), they focused on generating strategies for its eradication and control. A high number of non-peer-reviewed publications were not included in our studies, such as serials, books, theses, and conference proceedings. Despite the recent interest in D. opuntiae and the growing number of scientific documents, no previous publications were found that address this issue. Finally, the research allowed for the identification of emerging research trends and showed their locations and who makes up the clusters or research groups, and the addressed topics, which could facilitate collaboration networks establishment and contribute to the scientific development of D. opuntiae.
{"title":"Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae), an emerging global threat for Opuntia spp: a bibliometric analysis","authors":"S. J. Méndez-Gallegos, Ángel Bravo-Vinaja","doi":"10.56890/jpacd.v24i.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v24i.487","url":null,"abstract":"Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) is a worldwide successful biological control agent for some invasive Opuntia Mill. (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae) species, and a primary pest where this species is commercially cultivated, which has renewed its scientific interest. Therefore, this research characterized regularities of the scientific production and identified emerging research trends on D. opuntiae, using one-dimensional and multidimensional bibliometric indicators. The search and retrieve of metadata from nine scientific publications databases (Biological Abstracts, Cab abstracts, Crossref, Google Academic, Dimensions, Microsoft Academic Search, Science Citation Index Expanded, Scopus, and Zoological Record) was condensed into a 193 documents collection, spanning from 1848 to 2021 using the Zotero® bibliographic reference manager. Publish or Perish® and Excel® were used to generate one-dimensional indicators and VOSviewer® for multi-dimensional indicators. Eighty percent of the publications on D. opuntiae were registered in the last 20 years, which denotes the specie´s recently acquired importance. The addressed topics in the two assessed periods showed drastic changes, since, while in the first period (1848-2000) these were directed, particularly, to its applications as a biological control agent for various Opuntia species; during the next period (2001-2021), they focused on generating strategies for its eradication and control. A high number of non-peer-reviewed publications were not included in our studies, such as serials, books, theses, and conference proceedings. Despite the recent interest in D. opuntiae and the growing number of scientific documents, no previous publications were found that address this issue. Finally, the research allowed for the identification of emerging research trends and showed their locations and who makes up the clusters or research groups, and the addressed topics, which could facilitate collaboration networks establishment and contribute to the scientific development of D. opuntiae.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43361987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.08
Oana Crismariu, M. Tănase, Iulian-Petru Tenie, A. Abdallah
The pandemic situation that began in 2019 directly affected all industries. The most affected industries are: airlines, cruises, HORECA, entertainment, etc. The restaurant industry, which is part of the HORECA industry, was severely affected throughout the world. The industry faced many restrictions in 2020 and 2021. Among most common, we can mention: temporary suspension of the activity, limited operating hours and available seats, access restrictions (like EU Green Certificate, for indoor activities), etc. As a response to legal regulations in order to avoid the spread of the virus, but also to prevent a further economic downturn, each industry had to take various measures. This article contains a theoretical overview of the evolution of the restaurant industry during the pandemic, from March 2020 to the present day. An analysis, based on qualitative research, of representative restaurants, in their category, for Romania shows how different actions were taken to adapt to the new normal. Furthermore, the research presents an important view of the future of the industry. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes produced and the adaptability of the restaurant industry to the current and ever-changing situation. The results revealed many interesting measures that similar companies and hope for better times.
{"title":"THE RESPONSE OF THE ROMANIAN HOSPITALITY\u0000INDUSTRY TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.\u0000FOCUS ON THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY","authors":"Oana Crismariu, M. Tănase, Iulian-Petru Tenie, A. Abdallah","doi":"10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.08","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic situation that began in 2019 directly affected all industries. The most affected industries are:\u0000airlines, cruises, HORECA, entertainment, etc. The restaurant industry, which is part of the HORECA industry,\u0000was severely affected throughout the world. The industry faced many restrictions in 2020 and 2021. Among most\u0000common, we can mention: temporary suspension of the activity, limited operating hours and available seats, access\u0000restrictions (like EU Green Certificate, for indoor activities), etc. As a response to legal regulations in order to\u0000avoid the spread of the virus, but also to prevent a further economic downturn, each industry had to take various\u0000measures.\u0000This article contains a theoretical overview of the evolution of the restaurant industry during the pandemic, from\u0000March 2020 to the present day. An analysis, based on qualitative research, of representative restaurants, in their\u0000category, for Romania shows how different actions were taken to adapt to the new normal. Furthermore, the\u0000research presents an important view of the future of the industry. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the\u0000changes produced and the adaptability of the restaurant industry to the current and ever-changing situation. The\u0000results revealed many interesting measures that similar companies and hope for better times.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"271 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78438061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.01
R. Hornoiu, D. Popescu, I. Militaru, Silvia-Florina Raducanu
This research examined the intention of Romanian tourists to travel nationwide in natural areas based on an extended TPB (Theory Perceived Behavior) model, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the premise was that people would prefer less risky experiences and would see ecotourism in protected areas as a form of resilient tourism that reduces the threat of infection with the SARS-COV-2 virus or its mutations. This study tested a conceptual model that showed that this intention was influenced by the three variables of the TPB model - attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, complemented by other variables such as the feeling of security offered to tourists by natural areas in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the motivations of tourists that involve ecotourism in nature and cultural activities in Romanian natural areas, personal values in travel in Romanian natural areas, civic attitude to support national tourism. The proposed research model incorporated the construct of the feeling of security offered to tourists by Romanian natural areas as a result of the Covid-19 crisis, as a mediator between the attitude of traveling at national level and the motivations of tourists involved in ecotourism in nature and cultural in the Romanian natural areas. In this context, the proposed model explains a substantial proportion of the total variance of the intent-dependent variable in this study. In the long run, the promotion of ecotourism, as a resilient form of tourism, in a pandemic context, could reduce the risk of spreading the virus and contribute to supporting Romanian Eco destination so that national tourism recovers from the economic crisis caused by the COVID pandemic 19.
{"title":"ECOTOURISM, A RESILIENT SOLUTION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE\u0000COVID19 PANDEMIC?","authors":"R. Hornoiu, D. Popescu, I. Militaru, Silvia-Florina Raducanu","doi":"10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.01","url":null,"abstract":"This research examined the intention of Romanian tourists to travel nationwide in natural areas based on an\u0000extended TPB (Theory Perceived Behavior) model, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the premise\u0000was that people would prefer less risky experiences and would see ecotourism in protected areas as a form of\u0000resilient tourism that reduces the threat of infection with the SARS-COV-2 virus or its mutations. This study tested\u0000a conceptual model that showed that this intention was influenced by the three variables of the TPB model -\u0000attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, complemented by other variables such as the feeling\u0000of security offered to tourists by natural areas in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the motivations of tourists\u0000that involve ecotourism in nature and cultural activities in Romanian natural areas, personal values in travel in\u0000Romanian natural areas, civic attitude to support national tourism. The proposed research model incorporated\u0000the construct of the feeling of security offered to tourists by Romanian natural areas as a result of the Covid-19\u0000crisis, as a mediator between the attitude of traveling at national level and the motivations of tourists involved in\u0000ecotourism in nature and cultural in the Romanian natural areas. In this context, the proposed model explains a\u0000substantial proportion of the total variance of the intent-dependent variable in this study. In the long run, the\u0000promotion of ecotourism, as a resilient form of tourism, in a pandemic context, could reduce the risk of spreading\u0000the virus and contribute to supporting Romanian Eco destination so that national tourism recovers from the\u0000economic crisis caused by the COVID pandemic 19.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83463429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.07
Anastasia-Cristiana Dumitru
The tourism industry has been seriously affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, both from a social and from an economic perspective. Despite showing signs of resilience, the negative repercussions on tourism-related activities have been serious, the hospitality industry proving to be the most sensitive in the face of the sanitary and economic crises which started more than a year ago. Even though the full (and cumulative) impact of the events which shaped the current global situation cannot be quantified without a high degree of uncertainty, the negative effects are visible in the economies of many countries, around the world, at microeconomic, macroeconomic and behavioural levels (for businesses and individuals). Usually, such economic, social, sanitary crises or other extreme circumstances (terrorism, natural disasters) trigger a change in the behaviour of tourists, the differences being dependent on region, country, etc. Thus, given the current economic and social context, this paper focuses on the behavioural change of the Romanian tourists. The practical purpose of this research is to show the agents working in the tourism industry on which aspects to focus more and how to diversify their offer based on the change in demand specific to the "new normal". The most recent research conducted by experts has shown that the pandemic has negative effects on travel intention for multiple reasons, among them being the selectivity in choosing the destination based on criteria such as the increased need for hygiene and healthcare conditions, for travel insurance, etc
{"title":"BEHAVIOURAL IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC\u0000ON ROMANIAN TOURISTS?","authors":"Anastasia-Cristiana Dumitru","doi":"10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism industry has been seriously affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, both from a social and from an\u0000economic perspective. Despite showing signs of resilience, the negative repercussions on tourism-related activities\u0000have been serious, the hospitality industry proving to be the most sensitive in the face of the sanitary and economic\u0000crises which started more than a year ago. Even though the full (and cumulative) impact of the events which\u0000shaped the current global situation cannot be quantified without a high degree of uncertainty, the negative effects\u0000are visible in the economies of many countries, around the world, at microeconomic, macroeconomic and\u0000behavioural levels (for businesses and individuals). Usually, such economic, social, sanitary crises or other\u0000extreme circumstances (terrorism, natural disasters) trigger a change in the behaviour of tourists, the differences\u0000being dependent on region, country, etc. Thus, given the current economic and social context, this paper focuses\u0000on the behavioural change of the Romanian tourists. The practical purpose of this research is to show the agents\u0000working in the tourism industry on which aspects to focus more and how to diversify their offer based on the\u0000change in demand specific to the \"new normal\". The most recent research conducted by experts has shown that\u0000the pandemic has negative effects on travel intention for multiple reasons, among them being the selectivity in\u0000choosing the destination based on criteria such as the increased need for hygiene and healthcare conditions, for\u0000travel insurance, etc","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89462814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.03
Iulia Ruxandra Țicău, Hadad Shahrazad
The novel Coronavirus has led to devastating tragedies, creating a worldwide crisis upon economy and society. Starting from people suffering from illness, deaths, unemployment up until poverty, the COVID-19 pandemic can be considered one of the darkest periods of the world’s history. More broadly, the virus has transformed our everyday lifestyles, inter-human interactions, dynamics of life and last but not least, perceptions upon travelling. The tourism sector has been tremendously affected by the expansion of the virus, with hundreds of countries closing borders, introduction of numerous travel restrictions and suspended flights. Restrictions, regulations and the fear of not getting infected with the new virus have created chaos and considerably changed the way individuals currently perceive travelling. Our study takes a demand-side perspective in order to determine changes in travelling behaviours of individuals, by focusing on students, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study acts as a pilot test and aims at offering guidance for the tourism sector in elaborating and adapting to changing demands on the market. For this purpose, we have collected primary data by distributing a survey among students studying at Universities in Romania. Results have been analysed and compared with relevant literature research. Findings reveal the importance of rate of infection, possible occurring restrictions and costs as being critical when choosing travel destinations during pandemic. Conclusions demonstrate that there is a high need for strong collaboration and cooperation between governments and tourism agencies and businesses. We propose tourism organisations to direct their promotions upon relaxing and safe destinations, at a domestic level in a first phase, followed by international alternatives. We consider that competition can take a backseat during these tough periods and make room for collaborative behaviours and partnerships for the industry to survive.
{"title":"CHANGES IN POST-PANDEMIC TRAVELLING BEHAVIOUR.\u0000WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC\u0000ON STUDENTS' TRAVELLING INTERESTS?","authors":"Iulia Ruxandra Țicău, Hadad Shahrazad","doi":"10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The novel Coronavirus has led to devastating tragedies, creating a worldwide crisis upon economy and society.\u0000Starting from people suffering from illness, deaths, unemployment up until poverty, the COVID-19 pandemic can\u0000be considered one of the darkest periods of the world’s history. More broadly, the virus has transformed our\u0000everyday lifestyles, inter-human interactions, dynamics of life and last but not least, perceptions upon travelling.\u0000The tourism sector has been tremendously affected by the expansion of the virus, with hundreds of countries closing\u0000borders, introduction of numerous travel restrictions and suspended flights. Restrictions, regulations and the fear\u0000of not getting infected with the new virus have created chaos and considerably changed the way individuals\u0000currently perceive travelling. Our study takes a demand-side perspective in order to determine changes in\u0000travelling behaviours of individuals, by focusing on students, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The\u0000study acts as a pilot test and aims at offering guidance for the tourism sector in elaborating and adapting to\u0000changing demands on the market. For this purpose, we have collected primary data by distributing a survey among\u0000students studying at Universities in Romania. Results have been analysed and compared with relevant literature\u0000research. Findings reveal the importance of rate of infection, possible occurring restrictions and costs as being\u0000critical when choosing travel destinations during pandemic. Conclusions demonstrate that there is a high need for\u0000strong collaboration and cooperation between governments and tourism agencies and businesses. We propose\u0000tourism organisations to direct their promotions upon relaxing and safe destinations, at a domestic level in a first\u0000phase, followed by international alternatives. We consider that competition can take a backseat during these tough\u0000periods and make room for collaborative behaviours and partnerships for the industry to survive.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83979961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.04
C. Balint, Mihai-Lucian Lazanu
Tourism is considered as one of the most relevant economic sectors at international level due to the multiple roles it holds, namely: economic, social role, cultural, educational and political. The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant damage globally and has expanded very quickly across the world by affecting almost all the industries due to the restrictions, lockdowns and quarantines. As a result of the pandemic crisis, the tourism sector was severely affected. Therefore, this paper aim is to reflect the negative and positive effects of the pandemic with SARS-COV-2 virus on tourism, and also to highlight the relevance and sensitivity of this sector during crisis events. The study focuses on the negative effects suffered by this sector during the pandemic, but also represents an effective opportunity to reconsider how that tourism interacts with our societies, thus, certain positive effects and strategies that were identified both on short and long- term, in order to try to minimize the shocks created by the pandemic. The economic crisis caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus has also encouraged inclining tourism towards upskilling, increasing the process of digitization of the ecosystem and protecting the environment.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC OVER THE TOURISM\u0000SECTOR: A REVIEW","authors":"C. Balint, Mihai-Lucian Lazanu","doi":"10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts//4/2022/1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is considered as one of the most relevant economic sectors at international level due to the multiple roles\u0000it holds, namely: economic, social role, cultural, educational and political. The COVID-19 pandemic caused\u0000significant damage globally and has expanded very quickly across the world by affecting almost all the industries\u0000due to the restrictions, lockdowns and quarantines. As a result of the pandemic crisis, the tourism sector was\u0000severely affected. Therefore, this paper aim is to reflect the negative and positive effects of the pandemic with\u0000SARS-COV-2 virus on tourism, and also to highlight the relevance and sensitivity of this sector during crisis events.\u0000The study focuses on the negative effects suffered by this sector during the pandemic, but also represents an\u0000effective opportunity to reconsider how that tourism interacts with our societies, thus, certain positive effects and\u0000strategies that were identified both on short and long- term, in order to try to minimize the shocks created by the\u0000pandemic. The economic crisis caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus has also encouraged inclining tourism towards\u0000upskilling, increasing the process of digitization of the ecosystem and protecting the environment.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82911050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.05
C. Mirea
Tourist establishments are indispensable elements of touristic activity, in the sense that the tourism potential of a destination cannot be capitalized without the existence of accommodation, food, transport and leisure establishments, but also of travel agencies. Calarasi County has all the tourism establishments mentioned above, and their dynamics are different, presenting different growth rates. The purpose of this work is to carry out a statistical analysis of the aforementioned tourist establishments in order to find out whether they tend to increase or decrease their number in the future. In the case of Calarasi County, besides the transport establishments, the other tourism establishments analyzed show a tendency to increase from a numerical point of view, a fact demonstrated by the adjustment of the data series. For the processing of the data, average indicators, indicators of the central trend were used, and for the adjustment of the data, the method of the average increase was used.
{"title":"STATISTICAL TRENDS OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY\u0000IN CALARASI COUNTY, ROMANIA","authors":"C. Mirea","doi":"10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Tourist establishments are indispensable elements of touristic activity, in the sense that the tourism potential of a\u0000destination cannot be capitalized without the existence of accommodation, food, transport and leisure\u0000establishments, but also of travel agencies. Calarasi County has all the tourism establishments mentioned above,\u0000and their dynamics are different, presenting different growth rates. The purpose of this work is to carry out a\u0000statistical analysis of the aforementioned tourist establishments in order to find out whether they tend to increase\u0000or decrease their number in the future. In the case of Calarasi County, besides the transport establishments, the\u0000other tourism establishments analyzed show a tendency to increase from a numerical point of view, a fact\u0000demonstrated by the adjustment of the data series. For the processing of the data, average indicators, indicators\u0000of the central trend were used, and for the adjustment of the data, the method of the average increase was used.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84023188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.06
R. Baciu
Space tourism, which has recently come to the attention of society, has sparked controversy over the environmental consequences of recreational space travel, which has become a lucrative business done by and for the super-rich. This scientific paper investigates, through qualitative and quantitative research, the potential for the success and sustainability of this industry. The interviewed tourism and aviation experts believe that space tourism deserves to be developed in order to colonise other planets and make society responsible for the environmental issues, despite the huge costs, which will be reduced, similar to the aviation trend, by technological advances. Also, the results of the survey in which students participated, as future specialists in business and tourism, indicate an increased share of those aware of the effects of carbon pollution and a percentage of over 30% of those who believe in the development of space tourism, supported by economic benefits of offsetting environmental costs. The overall conclusion of the study highlights technological progress as a mobilising factor in reducing carbon dioxide emissions from spacecraft and in achieving the dream of sustainability of space travel, revealing space tourism as a resource that would benefit society as a whole, scientifically and economically.
{"title":"SPACE TOURISM. A FUTURE SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS OR NOT?","authors":"R. Baciu","doi":"10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/cts/4/2022/1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Space tourism, which has recently come to the attention of society, has sparked controversy over the environmental\u0000consequences of recreational space travel, which has become a lucrative business done by and for the super-rich. This\u0000scientific paper investigates, through qualitative and quantitative research, the potential for the success and\u0000sustainability of this industry. The interviewed tourism and aviation experts believe that space tourism deserves to be\u0000developed in order to colonise other planets and make society responsible for the environmental issues, despite the\u0000huge costs, which will be reduced, similar to the aviation trend, by technological advances. Also, the results of the\u0000survey in which students participated, as future specialists in business and tourism, indicate an increased share of\u0000those aware of the effects of carbon pollution and a percentage of over 30% of those who believe in the development\u0000of space tourism, supported by economic benefits of offsetting environmental costs. The overall conclusion of the study\u0000highlights technological progress as a mobilising factor in reducing carbon dioxide emissions from spacecraft and in\u0000achieving the dream of sustainability of space travel, revealing space tourism as a resource that would benefit society\u0000as a whole, scientifically and economically.","PeriodicalId":54361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77921879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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