Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.08.064
Pablo Hernández-López, L. Mohedano-Caballero, D. Rodríguez-Trejo, T. Martínez-Trinidad
Introduction: The ahuehuete (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.), National Tree of Mexico, is frequently found in urban green areas, in conditions of restricted humidity and compacted soils. These characteristics negatively affect growth and survival. Objective: To evaluate root growth of young ahuehuete trees by the effect of the frequency of irrigation and loosening of the soil surrounding the planting strain. Materials and methods: 24 trees 2 m high were planted in an urban area. The experiment was established as a completely random design with factorial arrangement: a) irrigation frequency (frequent [once weekly] and spaced [once every two weeks]) and b) treatment of the soil surrounding the plantation strain (soil with and without loosening). The growth of the root system was monitored for 12 months through digital photographs, obtained from rhizotrons installed on a side wall of each plantation strain. Results and discussion: The original compaction of the site did not present restrictive levels for growth; therefore, the surrounding loosening did not significantly improve (P > 0.1) short-term root growth. Root length (267.75 to 453.28 cm) showed no statistically significant differences for the irrigation and soil factors and their interaction; however, the number of roots was affected by the interaction of the factors (P ≤ 0.1). Trees with frequent irrigation and soil without loosening developed a higher number of roots (190.5). Conclusion: The interaction of irrigation frequency and soil condition influences the number of roots, but not the length.
{"title":"Root growth of Taxodium mucronatum Ten. planted in an urban area","authors":"Pablo Hernández-López, L. Mohedano-Caballero, D. Rodríguez-Trejo, T. Martínez-Trinidad","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.08.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.08.064","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The ahuehuete (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.), National Tree of Mexico, is \u0000frequently found in urban green areas, in conditions of restricted humidity and compacted soils. These characteristics negatively affect growth and survival. \u0000 \u0000Objective: To evaluate root growth of young ahuehuete trees by the effect of the \u0000frequency of irrigation and loosening of the soil surrounding the planting strain. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods: 24 trees 2 m high were planted in an urban area. The experiment was established as a completely random design with factorial arrangement: a) irrigation frequency (frequent [once weekly] and spaced [once every two weeks]) and b) treatment of the soil surrounding the plantation strain (soil with and without loosening). The growth of the root system was monitored for 12 months through digital photographs, obtained from rhizotrons installed on a side wall of each plantation strain. \u0000 \u0000Results and discussion: The original compaction of the site did not present restrictive levels for growth; therefore, the surrounding loosening did not significantly improve (P > 0.1) short-term root growth. Root length (267.75 to 453.28 cm) showed no statistically significant differences for the irrigation and soil factors and their interaction; however, the number of roots was affected by the interaction of the factors (P ≤ 0.1). Trees with frequent irrigation and soil without loosening developed a higher number of roots (190.5). \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The interaction of irrigation frequency and soil condition influences the number of roots, but not the length.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"27 1","pages":"03-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43678086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.074
Angélica Núñez-García, A. Gómez‐Guerrero, Teresa M. Terrazas-Salgado, J. Vargas-Hernández, J. Villanueva‐Díaz
Introduction: Basal area increment (BAI) is an indicator of forest productivity that varies with tree age and site factors such as soil and climate. Objective: To generate tree-ring width index (RWI) and BAI chronologies of Pinus hartwegii Lindl., relate them to climatic variables, and study the variation in BAI at different altitudes and aspects. Materials and methods: Four observation sites were identified, combining northwest (NW) and southwest (SW) aspects, as well as altitudes of 3 800 and 3 700 m. At each site, the temperature was recorded every four hours for 435 days and 32 growth ring segments were collected using a Pressler´s increment borer. Tree-ring width was measured and BAI was calculated; the correlation index between these indicators and the climatic variables was Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results and discussion: The RWI series from the four observation sites had an intercorrelation of 0.33 (P < 0.01). Two low-growth periods were detected, one between 1950 and 1960 and the other between 1990 and 2005. Site SO-3700 had a different growth pattern, due to a second growth phase beginning in 1978, possibly a benefit resulting from increased temperature. The previous autumn temperature, spring temperature and April-September precipitation of the current year explained the variation in BAI (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The BAI of P. hartwegii could respond favorably to the predicted increases in temperature at an altitude of 3 700 m with southwest aspect.
{"title":"Analysis of basal area increment of Pinus hartwegii Lindl. at different altitudes and aspects on Jocotitlán Mountain, State of Mexico","authors":"Angélica Núñez-García, A. Gómez‐Guerrero, Teresa M. Terrazas-Salgado, J. Vargas-Hernández, J. Villanueva‐Díaz","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.074","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Basal area increment (BAI) is an indicator of forest productivity that varies with tree age and site factors such as soil and climate. Objective: To generate tree-ring width index (RWI) and BAI chronologies of Pinus hartwegii Lindl., relate them to climatic variables, and study the variation in BAI at different altitudes and aspects. Materials and methods: Four observation sites were identified, combining northwest (NW) and southwest (SW) aspects, as well as altitudes of 3 800 and 3 700 m. At each site, the temperature was recorded every four hours for 435 days and 32 growth ring segments were collected using a Pressler´s increment borer. Tree-ring width was measured and BAI was calculated; the correlation index between these indicators and the climatic variables was Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results and discussion: The RWI series from the four observation sites had an intercorrelation of 0.33 (P < 0.01). Two low-growth periods were detected, one between 1950 and 1960 and the other between 1990 and 2005. Site SO-3700 had a different growth pattern, due to a second growth phase beginning in 1978, possibly a benefit resulting from increased temperature. The previous autumn temperature, spring temperature and April-September precipitation of the current year explained the variation in BAI (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The BAI of P. hartwegii could respond favorably to the predicted increases in temperature at an altitude of 3 700 m with southwest aspect.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49234166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.03.011
Marcos Shiba-Reyes, E. Troyo, R. Martínez-Rincón, A. Breceda
Introduction: Tropical hurricanes modify composition and structure of ecosystems. Objective: To analyze the impact of tropical hurricanes on the recovery and resilience of vegetation cover. Materials and methods: The resilience of the lower basin and estuary of San Jose del Cabo was evaluated by studying the impact of 11 tropical hurricanes (2013-2017) on the vegetation cover. Landsat images were analyzed for each event and two SPOT-6 images for the Hurricane Lidia. The areas of gain, stability, loss and recovery of vegetation types were estimated based on the analysis of changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Results and discussion: Average stability of vegetation cover was 90 %; however, in the case of hurricane Odile (2014) and Lidia (2017), stability decreased considerably, with a loss of 35.4 and 20.5 %, respectively, being the perennial herbaceous vegetation the most affected. One year after Odile and Lidia, recovery was 8.4 % and 25.4 %, respectively; the most recovered vegetation type was reed-tree. The analysis of SPOT-6 images allowed the detailed observation of Lidia's effect on palm grove. The main cause of its loss was runoff from the stream, which favored the growth of invasive species (Arundo donax L. and Tamarix sp.); furthermore, it was estimated that 1.4 ha were deforested, and an area of 20 ha affected by fire in 2017. Conclusion: Vegetation is resilient to tropical hurricanes; however, events that provide more than 50 % of annual precipitation decrease the capacity of vegetation to recover.
{"title":"Impacts of tropical hurricanes on the vegetation cover of the lower basin and estuary of San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur, Mexico","authors":"Marcos Shiba-Reyes, E. Troyo, R. Martínez-Rincón, A. Breceda","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tropical hurricanes modify composition and structure of \u0000ecosystems. Objective: To analyze the impact of tropical hurricanes on the recovery and \u0000resilience of vegetation cover. Materials and methods: The resilience of the lower basin and estuary of San \u0000Jose del Cabo was evaluated by studying the impact of 11 tropical hurricanes \u0000(2013-2017) on the vegetation cover. Landsat images were analyzed for each \u0000event and two SPOT-6 images for the Hurricane Lidia. The areas of gain, stability, \u0000loss and recovery of vegetation types were estimated based on the analysis of \u0000changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Results and discussion: Average stability of vegetation cover was 90 %; \u0000however, in the case of hurricane Odile (2014) and Lidia (2017), stability \u0000decreased considerably, with a loss of 35.4 and 20.5 %, respectively, being the \u0000perennial herbaceous vegetation the most affected. One year after Odile and Lidia, \u0000recovery was 8.4 % and 25.4 %, respectively; the most recovered vegetation type \u0000was reed-tree. The analysis of SPOT-6 images allowed the detailed observation of \u0000Lidia's effect on palm grove. The main cause of its loss was runoff from the stream, \u0000which favored the growth of invasive species (Arundo donax L. and Tamarix sp.); \u0000furthermore, it was estimated that 1.4 ha were deforested, and an area of 20 ha \u0000affected by fire in 2017. Conclusion: Vegetation is resilient to tropical hurricanes; however, events that \u0000provide more than 50 % of annual precipitation decrease the capacity of vegetation \u0000to recover.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"27 1","pages":"165-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43126514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.092
María de la Luz Avendaño-Yáñez, Colegio de Postgraduados. Campus Veracruz, Salome Quiroz-Martínez, S. Pérez-Elizalde, S. López-Ortiz, Costas y Comunidades A. C. Conselva, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo Texcoco Estado México
Introduction: Scattered trees from tropical dry forests (TDF) deposit significant amounts of leaf litter into pasture soils. Objective: To estimate the litterfall production during the dry season by scattered Lysiloma acapulcense (Kunth) Benth. and Vachellia pennatula (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger trees in pastures. Materials and methods: Ten scattered trees of each species were selected from a 10-ha pasture, and litter was collected during the dry season (November to May) and sorted into fractions. Leaf litter biomass, nitrogen (N) and lignin (L) content, and the lignin-nitrogen (L/N) ratio were assessed. Leaf litterfall was modelled over an annual cycle using a double logistic model. Means from all variables were compared between species using a t-test. Results and discussion: Litter, nitrogen and lignin content were similar between species. However, the L/N ratio was significantly higher (P Conclusion: The quantity and quality of leaf litter that scattered trees deposit in a pasture encourages the adoption of agroforestry systems, including tree species native to TDF
{"title":"Litterfall from tropical dry forest trees scattered in pastures","authors":"María de la Luz Avendaño-Yáñez, Colegio de Postgraduados. Campus Veracruz, Salome Quiroz-Martínez, S. Pérez-Elizalde, S. López-Ortiz, Costas y Comunidades A. C. Conselva, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo Texcoco Estado México","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.092","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Scattered trees from tropical dry forests (TDF) deposit significant amounts of leaf litter into pasture soils. \u0000Objective: To estimate the litterfall production during the dry season by scattered Lysiloma acapulcense (Kunth) Benth. and Vachellia pennatula (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger trees in pastures. \u0000Materials and methods: Ten scattered trees of each species were selected from a 10-ha pasture, and litter was collected during the dry season (November to May) and sorted into fractions. Leaf litter biomass, nitrogen (N) and lignin (L) content, and the lignin-nitrogen (L/N) ratio were assessed. Leaf litterfall was modelled over an annual cycle using a double logistic model. Means from all variables were compared between species using a t-test. Results and discussion: Litter, nitrogen and lignin content were similar between species. However, the L/N ratio was significantly higher (P \u0000Conclusion: The quantity and quality of leaf litter that scattered trees deposit in a pasture encourages the adoption of agroforestry systems, including tree species native to TDF","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"26 1","pages":"409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44658432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.082
J. M. Torres-Rojo, Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica
Introduction: Estimating the risk of occurrence of a fire contributes to reducing human, infrastructure and natural resource losses; promoting activities to maintain and restore fire regimes; and optimizing resources for suppression. Objective: To develop an index of occurrence of forest fires on large areas, called Area at risk of fire (SeR). Materials and methods: The index corresponds to the area associated with a probability level measured at the right tail of the density distribution of the area affected annually by forest fires. The density distribution was estimated from the history of the area affected (1970-2018) in Mexico by state. The fit was performed by minimizing the Kolmogorov- Smirnov statistic with four models: exponential, gamma, lognormal and Weibull. Two related indicators are proposed: proportion of forest area affected by wildfires (PSeR) and incremental area at risk (ISeR). Results and discussion: all models showed a statistically significant fit (P Conclusion: SeR is an extreme event risk index that provides useful information and has a statistically acceptable predictive power.
{"title":"Index for the estimation of the occurrence of forest fires in large areas","authors":"J. M. Torres-Rojo, Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.082","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Estimating the risk of occurrence of a fire contributes to reducing human, infrastructure and natural resource losses; promoting activities to maintain and restore fire regimes; and optimizing resources for suppression. \u0000Objective: To develop an index of occurrence of forest fires on large areas, called Area at risk of fire (SeR). \u0000Materials and methods: The index corresponds to the area associated with a probability level measured at the right tail of the density distribution of the area affected annually by forest fires. The density distribution was estimated from the history of the area affected (1970-2018) in Mexico by state. The fit was performed by minimizing the Kolmogorov- Smirnov statistic with four models: exponential, gamma, lognormal and Weibull. Two related indicators are proposed: proportion of forest area affected by wildfires (PSeR) and incremental area at risk (ISeR). \u0000Results and discussion: all models showed a statistically significant fit (P \u0000Conclusion: SeR is an extreme event risk index that provides useful information and has a statistically acceptable predictive power.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"26 1","pages":"433-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42585690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.02.006
Wendi Sánchez-Asunción, Julián Cerano-Paredes, O. Franco‐Ramos, Eladio H. Cornejo-Oviedo, J. Villanueva‐Díaz, C. Flores-López, M. Garza-Martínez
Introduction: Geomorphological processes, such as flash floods, affect the natural growth of trees. From the dating of disturbances in growth rings, historical events useful for the prevention and mitigation of natural hazards were reconstructed. Objectives: To determine the dendrogeomorphological potential of Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson to date and reconstruct flash floods in Los Picos de Davis, Coahuila. Materials and methods: Samples were collected from 19 dead and living trees with evidence of disturbance (impact scars, growth suppression and compression wood). The samples were prepared, dated and analyzed based on dendrogeomorphological techniques. The reconstructed flash floods were related to historical climate information from hurricanes, tropical cyclones and precipitation. Results and discussion: We were able to date 68 % of the samples with evidence of disturbance; the correlation between growth series was significant (r = 0.403; P < 0.001). The most common anomalies were in the form of scars (72 %), growth suppression (20 %) and compression wood (8 %). Ten flash floods were reconstructed. The causative processes were flash floods, caused by extreme hydrometeorological phenomena, including hurricanes “Alex” in 2010, “Dolly” in 2008 and “Claudette” in 2003. There is synchrony between geomorphological processes and hydrometeorological phenomena. Conclusions: P. ponderosa ring disturbances are useful to reconstruct the frequency and distribution of geomorphological processes.
地貌过程，如山洪暴发，会影响树木的自然生长。根据年轮扰动的年代，重建了有助于预防和减轻自然灾害的历史事件。目的:确定迄今为止黄松(Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson)的树木地貌潜力，并重建科阿韦拉州Los Picos de Davis的山洪暴发。材料和方法:采集了19棵有干扰迹象(冲击痕、生长抑制和压缩木材)的死树和活树样本。根据树木地貌学技术对样品进行了制备、定年和分析。重建的山洪与飓风、热带气旋和降水的历史气候信息有关。结果和讨论:我们能够确定68%有干扰证据的样本的日期;生长序列间相关性显著(r = 0.403;P < 0.001)。最常见的异常是疤痕(72%)、生长抑制(20%)和压缩木材(8%)。重建了10次山洪暴发。诱发过程是由极端水文气象现象引起的山洪暴发，包括2010年的“亚历克斯”飓风、2008年的“多莉”飓风和2003年的“克劳德特”飓风。地貌过程与水文气象现象具有同步性。结论:黄松环扰动有助于重建地貌过程的频率和分布。
{"title":"Dendrogeomorphological potential of Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson for the reconstruction of flash floods in Los Picos de Davis, Coahuila","authors":"Wendi Sánchez-Asunción, Julián Cerano-Paredes, O. Franco‐Ramos, Eladio H. Cornejo-Oviedo, J. Villanueva‐Díaz, C. Flores-López, M. Garza-Martínez","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Geomorphological processes, such as flash floods, affect the natural growth of trees. From the \u0000dating of disturbances in growth rings, historical events useful for the prevention and mitigation of natural \u0000hazards were reconstructed. \u0000Objectives: To determine the dendrogeomorphological potential of Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson to date \u0000and reconstruct flash floods in Los Picos de Davis, Coahuila. \u0000Materials and methods: Samples were collected from 19 dead and living trees with evidence of disturbance \u0000(impact scars, growth suppression and compression wood). The samples were prepared, dated and analyzed \u0000based on dendrogeomorphological techniques. The reconstructed flash floods were related to historical climate \u0000information from hurricanes, tropical cyclones and precipitation. \u0000Results and discussion: We were able to date 68 % of the samples with evidence of disturbance; the correlation \u0000between growth series was significant (r = 0.403; P < 0.001). The most common anomalies were in the form of \u0000scars (72 %), growth suppression (20 %) and compression wood (8 %). Ten flash floods were reconstructed. The \u0000causative processes were flash floods, caused by extreme hydrometeorological phenomena, including hurricanes \u0000“Alex” in 2010, “Dolly” in 2008 and “Claudette” in 2003. There is synchrony between geomorphological processes \u0000and hydrometeorological phenomena. \u0000Conclusions: P. ponderosa ring disturbances are useful to reconstruct the frequency and distribution of \u0000geomorphological processes.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47038610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.075
Gyorgy Eduardo Manzanilla-Quijada, E. Treviño-Garza, O. Aguirre-Calderón, José I. Yerena-Yamallel, U. Manzanilla-Quiñones
Introduction: Red cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) is appreciated for its wood, a situation that has caused poor forest management and, therefore, a decrease in its areas of distribution. Objective: To delimit the current and future potential distribution of C. odorata and to identify suitable seed-producing areas for the conservation of the species in the Yucatan Peninsula. Materials and methods: Records of the presence of C. odorata were obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the National Forest and Soil Inventory (INFyS in Spanish) and the book “Arboles tropicales de Mexico”. The modeling was done in MaxEnt using current environmental variables and future (2030) climate change scenarios at 1 km2 spatial resolution. Seventy-five percent of the records were used to train the models and 25 percent to validate them. The variables with the greatest contribution were determined by the jackknife test. Results and discussion: The estimated current potential distribution of C. odorata was 404917 ha. Climate change simulations predict a reduction (31 to 44.8 %) of the suitable habitat, where the natural protected areas (ANPs) of Calakmul, Los Petenes and Ria Celestun would serve as climate refuges, conserving about 76472 ha. The important variables in the distribution were: vegetation (34.7 %), precipitation of the wettest month (14.6 %), edaphology (8.8 %), average temperature of the coldest quarter (8.6 %) and slope (7 %). Conclusion: The models allowed the identification of suitable areas with habitat quality of C. odorata. In view of the threats of climate change, the distribution of C. odorata in ANPs would help conservation and restoration programs in situ.
简介：红雪松（Cedrela odorata L.）因其木材而备受赞赏，这种情况导致森林管理不善，因此其分布面积减少。目的：在尤卡坦半岛确定气味C.odorata的当前和未来潜在分布，并确定适合保护该物种的种子产地。材料和方法：从全球生物多样性信息基金（GBIF）、国家森林和土壤清单（INFyS，西班牙语）和《墨西哥热带Arboles tropicales de Mexico》一书中获得了气味C.odorata的存在记录。该模型是在MaxEnt中使用当前环境变量和未来（2030年）气候变化情景以1平方公里的空间分辨率进行的。75%的记录用于训练模型，25%用于验证模型。贡献最大的变量是通过jackknife测试确定的。结果和讨论：估计的气味C.odorata的当前潜力分布为404917公顷。气候变化模拟预测，合适的栖息地将减少（31%至44.8%），卡拉克穆尔、洛斯·彼得内斯和里亚·塞莱斯图恩的自然保护区将作为气候避难所，保护约76472公顷的土地。分布中的重要变量是：植被（34.7%）、最潮湿月份的降水量（14.6%）、土壤学（8.8%）、最寒冷地区的平均温度（8.6%）和坡度（7%）。结论：该模型可以确定具有气味C.odorata生境质量的适宜区域。鉴于气候变化的威胁，在ANP中分布C.odorata将有助于就地保护和恢复计划。
{"title":"Current and future potential distribution and identification of suitable areas for the conservation of Cedrela odorata L. in the Yucatan Peninsula","authors":"Gyorgy Eduardo Manzanilla-Quijada, E. Treviño-Garza, O. Aguirre-Calderón, José I. Yerena-Yamallel, U. Manzanilla-Quiñones","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.075","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Red cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) is appreciated for its wood, a situation that has caused poor \u0000forest management and, therefore, a decrease in its areas of distribution. \u0000Objective: To delimit the current and future potential distribution of C. odorata and to identify suitable \u0000seed-producing areas for the conservation of the species in the Yucatan Peninsula. \u0000Materials and methods: Records of the presence of C. odorata were obtained from the Global Biodiversity \u0000Information Facility (GBIF), the National Forest and Soil Inventory (INFyS in Spanish) and the book “Arboles \u0000tropicales de Mexico”. The modeling was done in MaxEnt using current environmental variables and future \u0000(2030) climate change scenarios at 1 km2 spatial resolution. Seventy-five percent of the records were used \u0000to train the models and 25 percent to validate them. The variables with the greatest contribution were \u0000determined by the jackknife test. \u0000Results and discussion: The estimated current potential distribution of C. odorata was 404917 ha. Climate \u0000change simulations predict a reduction (31 to 44.8 %) of the suitable habitat, where the natural protected \u0000areas (ANPs) of Calakmul, Los Petenes and Ria Celestun would serve as climate refuges, conserving about \u000076472 ha. The important variables in the distribution were: vegetation (34.7 %), precipitation of the wettest \u0000month (14.6 %), edaphology (8.8 %), average temperature of the coldest quarter (8.6 %) and slope (7 %). \u0000Conclusion: The models allowed the identification of suitable areas with habitat quality of C. odorata. In \u0000view of the threats of climate change, the distribution of C. odorata in ANPs would help conservation and \u0000restoration programs in situ.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42688609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.081
Javier A. Mora-Espinoza, Alberto Peñalver-Romeo, Fernando J. Aguilar-Torres, José R. Rivas-Barzola, Ángel Triana-Tomalá
Introduction: Sampling by fixed area plots is the usual practice in forest inventories, despite the considerable time involved. An alternative method of sampling is the angle count or Bitterlich method. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the angle sampling method for the determination of dasometric variables in teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) plantations. Materials and methods: In a three-year teak plantation, 21 circular plots of 500 m2 were established. In each plot, the diameter at breast level, the height and position of each tree, the working times, the number of trees per hectare, the diameter of the average basal area, the total basal area, the average Lorey level and the total volume were determined. Angular sampling was simulated using basal area factors (BAF) of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2. The estimates of the variables for each BAF and fixed area plots were compared using ANOVA and the relative efficiency was determined. Results and discussion: The ANOVA did not detect significant differences (P Conclusions: Angular counting is accurate and more efficient for estimating dasometric variables in young teak plantations.
{"title":"Angle sampling method for the inventory of teak plantations (Tectona grandis L. f.)","authors":"Javier A. Mora-Espinoza, Alberto Peñalver-Romeo, Fernando J. Aguilar-Torres, José R. Rivas-Barzola, Ángel Triana-Tomalá","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.11.081","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sampling by fixed area plots is the usual practice in forest inventories, despite the considerable time involved. An alternative method of sampling is the angle count or Bitterlich method. \u0000Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the angle sampling method for the determination of dasometric variables in teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) plantations. \u0000Materials and methods: In a three-year teak plantation, 21 circular plots of 500 m2 were established. In each plot, the diameter at breast level, the height and position of each tree, the working times, the number of trees per hectare, the diameter of the average basal area, the total basal area, the average Lorey level and the total volume were determined. Angular sampling was simulated using basal area factors (BAF) of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2. The estimates of the variables for each BAF and fixed area plots were compared using ANOVA and the relative efficiency was determined. \u0000Results and discussion: The ANOVA did not detect significant differences (P \u0000Conclusions: Angular counting is accurate and more efficient for estimating dasometric variables in young teak plantations.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45532665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.076
L. M. Morales-Gallegos, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados, T. Martínez-Trinidad, A. Gómez‐Guerrero, J. Suárez-Espinosa, Posgrado en Estadística Colegio de Postgraduados
Introduction: A factor limiting the development of tree vegetation in urban environments is the condition of the soil. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the application of carbohydrates (sucrose and glucose) to the soil regarding the growth and vitality of jacaranda trees (Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don) planted in urban areas. Materials and methods: Eight carbohydrate treatments and one control (water) were applied. Increase in height and diameter, foliage color, chlorophyll fluorescence, dry root matter, root starch, respiration and soil moisture were evaluated. An analysis of variance and a comparison of means was performed (Tukey, P < 0.05); when the normal distribution of the data was not proved, nonparametric methods were used (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Results and discussion: The increase in height and diameter, the green color of the foliage and the fluorescence of the chlorophyll showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Dry root weight and soil respiration were significantly different (P < 0.05) with higher response in the highest carbohydrate treatment (80 g·L-1 glucose with 80 g·L-1 sucrose). There was no effect on the characteristics of the aerial part, possibly due to the short evaluation time (about one year). Conclusion: The amendment of glucose and sucrose to the soil in urban trees stimulated the root growth of J. mimosifolia.
{"title":"Carbohydrate-based urban soil amendments to improve urban tree establishment","authors":"L. M. Morales-Gallegos, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados, T. Martínez-Trinidad, A. Gómez‐Guerrero, J. Suárez-Espinosa, Posgrado en Estadística Colegio de Postgraduados","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.10.076","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A factor limiting the development of tree vegetation in urban environments \u0000is the condition of the soil. \u0000Objective: To evaluate the effect of the application of carbohydrates (sucrose and glucose) \u0000to the soil regarding the growth and vitality of jacaranda trees (Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don) \u0000planted in urban areas. \u0000Materials and methods: Eight carbohydrate treatments and one control (water) were \u0000applied. Increase in height and diameter, foliage color, chlorophyll fluorescence, dry root \u0000matter, root starch, respiration and soil moisture were evaluated. An analysis of variance \u0000and a comparison of means was performed (Tukey, P < 0.05); when the normal distribution \u0000of the data was not proved, nonparametric methods were used (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon \u0000rank-sum test). \u0000Results and discussion: The increase in height and diameter, the green color of the foliage \u0000and the fluorescence of the chlorophyll showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Dry root \u0000weight and soil respiration were significantly different (P < 0.05) with higher response in the \u0000highest carbohydrate treatment (80 g·L-1 glucose with 80 g·L-1 sucrose). There was no effect on \u0000the characteristics of the aerial part, possibly due to the short evaluation time (about one year). \u0000Conclusion: The amendment of glucose and sucrose to the soil in urban trees stimulated the \u0000root growth of J. mimosifolia.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"26 1","pages":"343-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43768983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.096
Gardenia de Jesus-Reyes, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados, J. Vargas-Hernández, N. Cruz‐Huerta, J. López-Upton, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados
Introduction: In Pinus radiata D. Don, one of the most widely planted pines globally, frost damages plantations at the seedling stage. Objective: To determine differences in growth and tolerance to low temperatures of native populations (Guadalupe and Cedros islands) of P. radiata in greenhouse and outdoors conditions, under different levels of soil moisture. Materials and methods: Low-temperature tolerance was determined through the damage index (DI) in freezing tests at -12 °C during 4 h. In each environment (greenhouse and outdoors) two soil moisture treatments were defined (irrigation and drought). The DI was evaluated with the method of electrical conductivity in primary needles during winter and spring. The absolute growth rate (AGR) of the terminal shoot was obtained by measuring the total height of the seedlings. Results and discussion: Average DI of 50 and 64 % were obtained in winter and spring, respectively. In greenhouse, DI was different (P ≤ 0.05) between populations, being higher in Guadalupe (>59 %) than in Cedros ( Conclusion: The population of Guadalupe is more sensitive to low temperatures with greater variation in DI, due to its growth dynamics. Differences between populations are useful in the genetic improvement of the species.
辐射松(Pinus radiata D. Don)是全球种植最广泛的松树之一，在幼苗期，霜冻会破坏人工林。目的:研究不同土壤湿度条件下，瓜达卢佩岛和塞德罗斯岛天然种群辐射木(P. radiata)在温室和室外条件下的生长和低温耐受性差异。材料与方法:低温耐受性通过低温-12℃4 h冻害指数(DI)测定。在每个环境下(温室和室外)定义了两种土壤水分处理(灌溉和干旱)。采用冬春两季初生针叶电导率法评价其DI。通过测量幼苗的总高度，得到顶梢的绝对生长率。结果与讨论:冬季和春季平均DI分别为50%和64%。在温室中，不同种群间DI差异显著(P≤0.05)，瓜达卢佩种群DI高于雪松(P < 0.05)(结论瓜达卢佩种群对低温更敏感，DI变化更大，这与瓜达卢佩种群的生长动态有关。种群间的差异对物种的遗传改良是有用的。
{"title":"Populations of Pinus radiata D. Don differ in low-temperature tolerance and growth rate","authors":"Gardenia de Jesus-Reyes, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados, J. Vargas-Hernández, N. Cruz‐Huerta, J. López-Upton, P. E. C. F. C. D. Postgraduados","doi":"10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.12.096","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In Pinus radiata D. Don, one of the most widely planted pines globally, frost damages plantations at the seedling stage. Objective: To determine differences in growth and tolerance to low temperatures of native populations (Guadalupe and Cedros islands) of P. radiata in greenhouse and outdoors conditions, under different levels of soil moisture. \u0000Materials and methods: Low-temperature tolerance was determined through the damage index (DI) in freezing tests at -12 °C during 4 h. In each environment (greenhouse and outdoors) two soil moisture treatments were defined (irrigation and drought). The DI was evaluated with the method of electrical conductivity in primary needles during winter and spring. The absolute growth rate (AGR) of the terminal shoot was obtained by measuring the total height of the seedlings. \u0000Results and discussion: Average DI of 50 and 64 % were obtained in winter and spring, respectively. In greenhouse, DI was different (P ≤ 0.05) between populations, being higher in Guadalupe (>59 %) than in Cedros ( \u0000Conclusion: The population of Guadalupe is more sensitive to low temperatures with greater variation in DI, due to its growth dynamics. Differences between populations are useful in the genetic improvement of the species.","PeriodicalId":54479,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales Y Del Ambiente","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42023644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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