Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2132336
P. Staněk, Z. Škvor
ABSTRACT This article concerns magnetization methods for detecting arbitrary oriented defects by magnetic particle inspection. The authors propose a new method of magnetization with omnidirectional detection ability requiring only a single-channel DC or AC power supply. The detection of all defects by the new method can be achieved during a single testing (spraying) cycle.
{"title":"Time Multiplexing of Currents for Magnetic Particle Inspection","authors":"P. Staněk, Z. Škvor","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2132336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2132336","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article concerns magnetization methods for detecting arbitrary oriented defects by magnetic particle inspection. The authors propose a new method of magnetization with omnidirectional detection ability requiring only a single-channel DC or AC power supply. The detection of all defects by the new method can be achieved during a single testing (spraying) cycle.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"40 1","pages":"267 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87492120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2151058
Ruo-yu Tan, Yongfeng Song, Xiongbing Li, Shu Cheng, Pei-jun Ni
ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the micromechanical modeling of pores and texture in 3D-printed polycrystals. A Gaussian-shape approximation is used to describe the orientation distribution function (ODF) and construct the initial homogenization model of the representative volume element (RVE). Spherical and ellipsoidal pores of varying sizes are added in stages to the RVE for homogenization, utilizing the modified Mori-Tanaka (MT) scheme in conjunction with the stepwise iterative method. Wherein, the mechanical interactions between pores and the spatial distribution of pore locations could be taken into account, when developing a cross-scale model from microstructure to macroelasticity. After obtaining the final elastic stiffness tensor, the Christoffel equation is combined with the Cardano’s formula to derive a closed form solution for ultrasonic velocities depending on microstructure. According to the numerical results, this method can effectively capture the behavior characteristics of pores and texture on the elastic stiffness tensor, average velocity, and velocity distribution.
{"title":"Effective Elastic Stiffness Tensor and Ultrasonic Velocities for 3D Printed Polycrystals with Pores and Texture","authors":"Ruo-yu Tan, Yongfeng Song, Xiongbing Li, Shu Cheng, Pei-jun Ni","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2151058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2151058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the micromechanical modeling of pores and texture in 3D-printed polycrystals. A Gaussian-shape approximation is used to describe the orientation distribution function (ODF) and construct the initial homogenization model of the representative volume element (RVE). Spherical and ellipsoidal pores of varying sizes are added in stages to the RVE for homogenization, utilizing the modified Mori-Tanaka (MT) scheme in conjunction with the stepwise iterative method. Wherein, the mechanical interactions between pores and the spatial distribution of pore locations could be taken into account, when developing a cross-scale model from microstructure to macroelasticity. After obtaining the final elastic stiffness tensor, the Christoffel equation is combined with the Cardano’s formula to derive a closed form solution for ultrasonic velocities depending on microstructure. According to the numerical results, this method can effectively capture the behavior characteristics of pores and texture on the elastic stiffness tensor, average velocity, and velocity distribution.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"3 1","pages":"196 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88475111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2155334
L. Sotelo, A. Vignola, Celeste A. Brown, K. Sampath, M. Guild
ABSTRACT Advanced applications of polymer additive manufacturing (AM) require knowledge of the material acoustic and complex elastic properties. Recently, ultrasound nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been applied to the understanding of AM polymers manufactured with a variety of methods. Nonetheless, the available information is still limited to a few materials and frequency ranges, and knowledge of shear acoustic properties and complex elastic properties of AM polymers is lacking. In this study, ultrasound measurements of compressional and shear phase velocity and attenuation are used to experimentally determine the complex elastic properties of 14 AM photopolymers manufactured using PolyJet systems. The results provided here are expected to aid in design of advanced polymer AM structures, and highlight the value of ultrasound NDE for the characterization of AM polymers.
{"title":"Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation of Additively Manufactured Photopolymers","authors":"L. Sotelo, A. Vignola, Celeste A. Brown, K. Sampath, M. Guild","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2155334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2155334","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Advanced applications of polymer additive manufacturing (AM) require knowledge of the material acoustic and complex elastic properties. Recently, ultrasound nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been applied to the understanding of AM polymers manufactured with a variety of methods. Nonetheless, the available information is still limited to a few materials and frequency ranges, and knowledge of shear acoustic properties and complex elastic properties of AM polymers is lacking. In this study, ultrasound measurements of compressional and shear phase velocity and attenuation are used to experimentally determine the complex elastic properties of 14 AM photopolymers manufactured using PolyJet systems. The results provided here are expected to aid in design of advanced polymer AM structures, and highlight the value of ultrasound NDE for the characterization of AM polymers.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"50 1","pages":"175 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76790645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2120652
C. Bakre, T. Meyer, C. Jamieson, A. Nassar, E. Reutzel, C. Lissenden
ABSTRACT A laser ultrasound system is integrated into a directed energy deposition additive manufacturing (DED-AM) chamber to use Rayleigh waves for process monitoring in a noncontact layer-by-layer mode. Layers of Ti-6Al-4 V are deposited and then interrogated with ultrasonic Rayleigh waves that are sensitive to flaws and material nonuniformities. The novel integrated material processing and monitoring system is described in detail. Process parameters are intentionally altered to create flaws and anomalies to demonstrate some capabilities of the monitoring system. The generation laser actuates either broadband pulses with a cylindrical lens or narrowband wave packets with a slit mask, which are received in through-transmission mode by a laser interferometer despite the inherent surface roughness. Flaws are detected through comparison to a reference state.
{"title":"In-situ Laser ultrasound-based Rayleigh Wave Process Monitoring of DED-AM Metals","authors":"C. Bakre, T. Meyer, C. Jamieson, A. Nassar, E. Reutzel, C. Lissenden","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2120652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2120652","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A laser ultrasound system is integrated into a directed energy deposition additive manufacturing (DED-AM) chamber to use Rayleigh waves for process monitoring in a noncontact layer-by-layer mode. Layers of Ti-6Al-4 V are deposited and then interrogated with ultrasonic Rayleigh waves that are sensitive to flaws and material nonuniformities. The novel integrated material processing and monitoring system is described in detail. Process parameters are intentionally altered to create flaws and anomalies to demonstrate some capabilities of the monitoring system. The generation laser actuates either broadband pulses with a cylindrical lens or narrowband wave packets with a slit mask, which are received in through-transmission mode by a laser interferometer despite the inherent surface roughness. Flaws are detected through comparison to a reference state.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"41 1","pages":"218 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78530307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2103219
P. Manogharan, J. Rivière, P. Shokouhi
ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using nonlinear resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (NRUS) for in-situ monitoring of additively manufactured (AM) parts i.e., while they are still on the build plate. In NRUS, the test specimen is excited around one or more of its resonance frequencies with increasing driving amplitude. The linear shift in resonance frequency with the increasing driving amplitude is a measure of the constituent material’s hysteretic nonlinearity (α), which is itself related to some degree of micro-damage in the test specimens. We conduct NRUS on test specimens glued to a thick plate. The specimens are excited using a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) adhered to the bottom of the plate. We use this setup to measure the hysteretic nonlinearity parameters ( and ) of several cylindrical AM specimens fabricated by laser powder bed fusion technique as well as a few non-AM metallic specimens. The measured nonlinearity parameters for the specimens on the build plate (process monitoring mode) are compared to those measured without the build plate (quality control mode). We observe a systematic decrease in the measured nonlinearity when the specimens are tested on the build plate. An analytical study demonstrates that we measure the weighted average nonlinearity of the specimen and build plate, which itself has a lower nonlinearity. Despite the observed difference, the measured nonlinearity parameters of the specimens with and without the build plate are highly correlated. With further investigations, the proposed test setup can potentially be used for characterization of AM parts in situ.
{"title":"Toward In-situ Characterization of Additively Manufactured Parts Using Nonlinear Resonance Ultrasonic Spectroscopy","authors":"P. Manogharan, J. Rivière, P. Shokouhi","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2103219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2103219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using nonlinear resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (NRUS) for in-situ monitoring of additively manufactured (AM) parts i.e., while they are still on the build plate. In NRUS, the test specimen is excited around one or more of its resonance frequencies with increasing driving amplitude. The linear shift in resonance frequency with the increasing driving amplitude is a measure of the constituent material’s hysteretic nonlinearity (α), which is itself related to some degree of micro-damage in the test specimens. We conduct NRUS on test specimens glued to a thick plate. The specimens are excited using a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) adhered to the bottom of the plate. We use this setup to measure the hysteretic nonlinearity parameters ( and ) of several cylindrical AM specimens fabricated by laser powder bed fusion technique as well as a few non-AM metallic specimens. The measured nonlinearity parameters for the specimens on the build plate (process monitoring mode) are compared to those measured without the build plate (quality control mode). We observe a systematic decrease in the measured nonlinearity when the specimens are tested on the build plate. An analytical study demonstrates that we measure the weighted average nonlinearity of the specimen and build plate, which itself has a lower nonlinearity. Despite the observed difference, the measured nonlinearity parameters of the specimens with and without the build plate are highly correlated. With further investigations, the proposed test setup can potentially be used for characterization of AM parts in situ.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"44 1","pages":"243 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73687968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2100950
Wei Li, R. Sun, P. Jiang, Feng Yang, Y. Liu, Chang-yuan Yang
ABSTRACT Early-onset damage in composite materials consists matrix cracking with certain regularity in distribution. However, the effect of the spatial arrangement of matrix cracks and the relationship between the direction of expansion of the cracks and the incident direction of ultrasound waves on the nonlinear parameter in nonlinear ultrasound detection is poorly understood. This study analyzes the nonlinear variation of matrix millimeter-scale and micron-scale cracks by experiment and finite-element-based numerical calculation to improve the damage evaluation of composite materials by nonlinear ultrasound and provide a reference for crack expansion prediction and imaging. The results show that millimeter and micron cracks follow the same trend, with more cracks and “dislocated” spatial arrangement, both providing positive contributions to the relative nonlinear parameter. However, when the incident direction of the ultrasound waves is orthogonal to the crack expansion direction, the evolution of the relative nonlinear parameter will follow an opposite trend with respect to the expansion size compared to when the incident direction and crack expansion direction are the same. We also propose a new nonlinear index (DI), the evolution of which can be used to identify the type of spatial distribution of the cracks in the matrix.
{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Study of the Effect of the Evolution of Matrix Cracks in Composites on the Nonlinear Ultrasound Response","authors":"Wei Li, R. Sun, P. Jiang, Feng Yang, Y. Liu, Chang-yuan Yang","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2100950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2100950","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Early-onset damage in composite materials consists matrix cracking with certain regularity in distribution. However, the effect of the spatial arrangement of matrix cracks and the relationship between the direction of expansion of the cracks and the incident direction of ultrasound waves on the nonlinear parameter in nonlinear ultrasound detection is poorly understood. This study analyzes the nonlinear variation of matrix millimeter-scale and micron-scale cracks by experiment and finite-element-based numerical calculation to improve the damage evaluation of composite materials by nonlinear ultrasound and provide a reference for crack expansion prediction and imaging. The results show that millimeter and micron cracks follow the same trend, with more cracks and “dislocated” spatial arrangement, both providing positive contributions to the relative nonlinear parameter. However, when the incident direction of the ultrasound waves is orthogonal to the crack expansion direction, the evolution of the relative nonlinear parameter will follow an opposite trend with respect to the expansion size compared to when the incident direction and crack expansion direction are the same. We also propose a new nonlinear index (DI), the evolution of which can be used to identify the type of spatial distribution of the cracks in the matrix.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"10 1","pages":"138 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81581633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2105458
Ping Fu, Bo Hu, Weitao Luo, Shaofei Wang, X. Lan
ABSTRACT Aiming at surface cracks of aeroengine turbine disk, a weak magnetic detection technology without excitation is proposed. Signal processing is performed using blind source separation (BSS). Support vector machine (SVM) is used to realize quantitative evaluation. Four nickel-base superalloy test blocks with defects are designed. The magnetic induction intensity of the test block is collected by a weak magnetic detection instrument. Then, the signal processing based on BSS is carried out. Finally, SVM is used to quantitatively analyze the weak magnetic signal before and after BSS. Results show that SVM estimation accuracy of defect length, width, and depth is 90%, 94%, and 71% after BSS, respectively. These findings are 14%, 8%, and 23% higher than the estimation accuracy prior to BSS.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Aeroengine Turbine Disk Surface Crack under Natural Magnetic Field","authors":"Ping Fu, Bo Hu, Weitao Luo, Shaofei Wang, X. Lan","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2105458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2105458","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aiming at surface cracks of aeroengine turbine disk, a weak magnetic detection technology without excitation is proposed. Signal processing is performed using blind source separation (BSS). Support vector machine (SVM) is used to realize quantitative evaluation. Four nickel-base superalloy test blocks with defects are designed. The magnetic induction intensity of the test block is collected by a weak magnetic detection instrument. Then, the signal processing based on BSS is carried out. Finally, SVM is used to quantitatively analyze the weak magnetic signal before and after BSS. Results show that SVM estimation accuracy of defect length, width, and depth is 90%, 94%, and 71% after BSS, respectively. These findings are 14%, 8%, and 23% higher than the estimation accuracy prior to BSS.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"51 1","pages":"158 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81508548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2073415
Van Hiep Pham, T. H. Vo, Dinh Dat Vu, Jaeyeop Choi, Sumin Park, Doan Thong Nguyen, Byeong-il Lee, Jung-Mook Oh
ABSTRACT Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) system (TSAM-400) was designed and developed for evaluating the quality of resistance spot welding (RSW) joints of 1.5 mm-thick SUS 316 stainless steel sheets under different welding parameters. Indentation and nugget information (diameter and shape) were used for evaluating the RSW quality. SAM A-scan signals were used to calculate the indentation. The nugget diameter was determined in the C-scan image. Internal information (nugget shape, splashes, and defects) was visualized in the B- and C-scan images. In addition, the spot weld area was treated to examine the surface topography effect. The nugget diameters of treated and untreated areas were measured and compared to conclude that the surface topography effect can be neglected in the quality evaluation by SAM system. By implementing TSAM-400, some specimens were successfully tested with a scanning area of 55 × 15 mm2, and a scanning time of 33.5 s corresponding to a B-scan frame rate of 4.5 Hz, and a resolution of 0.1 × 0.1 mm2. Finally, the good input parameters for welding two 1.5 mm-thick SUS 316 were determined by analyzing the results from TSAM-400.
{"title":"Development of Scanning Acoustic Microscopy System for Evaluating the Resistance Spot Welding Quality","authors":"Van Hiep Pham, T. H. Vo, Dinh Dat Vu, Jaeyeop Choi, Sumin Park, Doan Thong Nguyen, Byeong-il Lee, Jung-Mook Oh","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2073415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2073415","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) system (TSAM-400) was designed and developed for evaluating the quality of resistance spot welding (RSW) joints of 1.5 mm-thick SUS 316 stainless steel sheets under different welding parameters. Indentation and nugget information (diameter and shape) were used for evaluating the RSW quality. SAM A-scan signals were used to calculate the indentation. The nugget diameter was determined in the C-scan image. Internal information (nugget shape, splashes, and defects) was visualized in the B- and C-scan images. In addition, the spot weld area was treated to examine the surface topography effect. The nugget diameters of treated and untreated areas were measured and compared to conclude that the surface topography effect can be neglected in the quality evaluation by SAM system. By implementing TSAM-400, some specimens were successfully tested with a scanning area of 55 × 15 mm2, and a scanning time of 33.5 s corresponding to a B-scan frame rate of 4.5 Hz, and a resolution of 0.1 × 0.1 mm2. Finally, the good input parameters for welding two 1.5 mm-thick SUS 316 were determined by analyzing the results from TSAM-400.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"5 1","pages":"123 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87698797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2089793
Qingyuan Wang, Ying Xu, Chengyin Liu
ABSTRACT The initiation and propagation of microcrack damage in concrete under compressive load have a great influence on structures that require high durability. This paper theoretically analyzed the nonlinear acoustic modulation mechanism in concrete at the initial stage of compressive cracking and explored the relationship between microcrack density and nonlinear response variation. Nonlinear behavior and microcrack development of concrete were simulated. The opening/closing state of microcracks under different cracking states and the propagation characteristics of nonlinear acoustic modulated signals were investigated. It was found that the change in microcrack density measured by the DI (damage index) of the nonlinear acoustic field technology was much more significant than that measured by DIC (digital image correlation). The experimental results showed the good feasibility of microcrack detection with width of 13–80 μm. Moreover, the experiment found that when the peak value of DI is between 0.02 and 0.2, microcracks occur in concrete.
{"title":"Concrete Microcracks Detection under Compressive Load Based on Nonlinear Ultrasonics Modulation with Broadband Excitation","authors":"Qingyuan Wang, Ying Xu, Chengyin Liu","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2089793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2089793","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The initiation and propagation of microcrack damage in concrete under compressive load have a great influence on structures that require high durability. This paper theoretically analyzed the nonlinear acoustic modulation mechanism in concrete at the initial stage of compressive cracking and explored the relationship between microcrack density and nonlinear response variation. Nonlinear behavior and microcrack development of concrete were simulated. The opening/closing state of microcracks under different cracking states and the propagation characteristics of nonlinear acoustic modulated signals were investigated. It was found that the change in microcrack density measured by the DI (damage index) of the nonlinear acoustic field technology was much more significant than that measured by DIC (digital image correlation). The experimental results showed the good feasibility of microcrack detection with width of 13–80 μm. Moreover, the experiment found that when the peak value of DI is between 0.02 and 0.2, microcracks occur in concrete.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"98 1","pages":"98 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78772877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1080/09349847.2022.2049407
Z. Nazarchuk, L. Muravsky, O. Kuts
ABSTRACT A novel nondestructive testing method for subsurface defects detection in thin composite structures using dynamic laser speckles is proposed. In this method, a laminated composite panel containing a subsurface defect is excited by a frequency scanned ultrasonic (US) wave and is illuminated by an expanded laser beam. If one of resonant frequencies of the defect coincides with the US frequency, a local area (a region of interest or ROI) of the panel optically rough surface, placed directly above the defect, begins to vibrate, and the sequences of difference speckle patterns containing the spatial response from the defect are recorded. The formation of this response is caused by both decorrelation and speckle blurring within the local speckle pattern generated by the vibrating ROI at its opposite tilts. The accumulation of difference speckle patterns increases the intensity of the spatial response. This method differs from similar ones in that defects are detected using dynamic speckle patterns of a composite rough surface, illuminated by a single expanded laser beam. The verification of the proposed method was performed using a hybrid optical-digital experimental breadboard to test composite panels containing artificial subsurface defects, as well as a real defect.
{"title":"Nondestructive Testing of Thin Composite Structures for Subsurface Defects Detection Using Dynamic Laser Speckles","authors":"Z. Nazarchuk, L. Muravsky, O. Kuts","doi":"10.1080/09349847.2022.2049407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09349847.2022.2049407","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A novel nondestructive testing method for subsurface defects detection in thin composite structures using dynamic laser speckles is proposed. In this method, a laminated composite panel containing a subsurface defect is excited by a frequency scanned ultrasonic (US) wave and is illuminated by an expanded laser beam. If one of resonant frequencies of the defect coincides with the US frequency, a local area (a region of interest or ROI) of the panel optically rough surface, placed directly above the defect, begins to vibrate, and the sequences of difference speckle patterns containing the spatial response from the defect are recorded. The formation of this response is caused by both decorrelation and speckle blurring within the local speckle pattern generated by the vibrating ROI at its opposite tilts. The accumulation of difference speckle patterns increases the intensity of the spatial response. This method differs from similar ones in that defects are detected using dynamic speckle patterns of a composite rough surface, illuminated by a single expanded laser beam. The verification of the proposed method was performed using a hybrid optical-digital experimental breadboard to test composite panels containing artificial subsurface defects, as well as a real defect.","PeriodicalId":54493,"journal":{"name":"Research in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"12 1","pages":"59 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84355466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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