Public Health Nursing最新文献

Introduction: Social media (SM) is deeply integrated into daily life, shaping behaviors, routines, and identities. Young women are recognized as heavy users and are particularly influenced by digital influencers for social connection, lifestyle inspiration, and decision-making.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between SM influencers and body image perceptions and to explore patterns of engagement with different SM platforms among young women in the UAE.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among female college students aged 18-35 years using a non-probability sampling approach. The online questionnaire included the Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ), measures of SM use, types of influencers followed, and preferred SM platforms.

Results: A total of 423 participants completed the survey. Approximately 38.5% reported spending 3-5 h daily on SM, and most followed influencers either sometimes (29.8%), often (29.3%), or always (24.8%). Overall, 67.7% agreed or strongly agreed that influencers affect their body image perceptions. Fashion and beauty influencers, food and lifestyle, travel and adventure, and fitness influencers were most frequently followed by participants, while environmental and sustainability influencers were least followed (15.6%). Instagram (72.8%) was the most used platform, followed by TikTok (70.7%) and Snapchat (69.7%). Nearly half (49.4%) of the participants exhibited high body dissatisfaction, with mixed satisfaction across different body areas. Following influencers was significantly associated with greater body dissatisfaction (OR = -0.096, p = 0.043), and higher body weight and employment status were linked to lower body satisfaction.

Conclusion: SM influencers significantly shape body image perceptions among young women in the UAE. Collaboration with public health educators may help promote body positivity and healthier attitudes. Encouraging fashion, beauty, and fitness influencers to share culturally relevant, health-promoting content could support realistic body image perceptions and enhance young women's well-being.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and overweight, and to identify a set of sociodemographic factors that could guide weight management interventions for women prior to conception.

Design, sample, and measurements: Pregnant women (N = 989) were recruited in the Kuwait Birth Cohort Study during the period June 2017 to February 2020. Prepregnancy weight and height were self-reported, while current weight and height were measured in a standardized procedure. Data on sociodemographic factors were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted by a trained data collector. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the association between sociodemographic factors and prepregnancy obesity and overweight.

Results: Among 989 pregnant women (89.26% of the cohort), the prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and overweight was 28.82% (95% CI: 26.08%-31.72%) and 37.92% (95% CI: 34.94%-40.99%), respectively. Only 24 pregnant women (2.43%; 95% CI: 1.63%-3.60%) were underweight prior to pregnancy. Notably, 17.67% of obese and 56.03% of overweight women perceived their weight as normal.

Conclusion: Obesity and overweight prior to pregnancy are extremely high in Kuwait, with more than two-thirds of women affected. Public health interventions targeting obesity in all women, especially those of reproductive age, should be implemented along with lifestyle counseling to optimize prepregnancy weight.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed weaknesses in healthcare systems regarding health literacy. Although involving individuals, families, and communities in healthcare decision-making improves their outcomes, their ability to interpret information depends on attention to health literacy and readability of materials. Nursing educators have an essential role in teaching students how to implement literacy-appropriate health education strategies. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education includes health literacy content in the domains, competencies, and sub-competencies. There is a dearth of literature that guides faculty to apply the Essentials related to health literacy. Grounded in the health literacy components of the Core Competencies, this paper presents traditional, artificial intelligence (AI) enhanced, and interprofessional education (IPE) teaching strategies and methods for evaluation to develop health literacy competency. This paper will be useful for faculty who desire to integrate the core competencies with innovative approaches to teach health literacy within the undergraduate nursing curricula, to address health literacy disparities, and promote equitable, positive individual outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) and HIV seropositivity among students from four universities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Design: A case-control methodology was used.

Sample: The sample consisted of 500 students (375 HIV negative students and 125 students living with HIV).

Measurement: Adjusted logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the association of predictors with RSBs and HIV seropositivity.

Results: Data showed that heavy episodic drinking [aOR: 2.73, (95% CI: 1.38; 5.44), p = 0.004], drugs before sex [aOR: 7.46, (95% CI: 2.11; 27.88), p = 0.003], and a higher number of lifetime sex partners increased students' likelihood of having multiple concurrent sex partners (2-5 lifetime partners) [aOR: 4.22, (95% CI: 1.69; 10.54), p = 0.002] and ≥ 6 lifetime partners [aOR: 16.36, (95% CI: 6.18; 43.28), p < 0.001].

Conclusion: These findings indicate a need for South African universities to offer HIV prevention programs that inform students of how participation in particular risky activities can result in engagement in specific RSBs, contributing to a heightened HIV infection risk. Re-evaluation and strengthening of these prevention programs can ensure optimal efficiency in the battle against HIV infection.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the psychosocial profiles, knowledge, and awareness related to climate change among nursing academics in higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A concurrent/convergent mixed method design was adopted. Data were collected from 77 faculty members across four nursing colleges in Saudi Arabian universities, between May 2024 and March 2025. Initially, participants completed a web-based questionnaire assessing their psychosocial profiles related to climate change, utilizing the Climate Change Perceptions Scale (CCPS), the Urban Residents Psychological Security Scale (URPS), and the Neighborhood Cohesion Instrument (NCI). Subsequently, a purposive sample of 20 faculty members participated in follow-up interview sessions.

Results: Our study revealed that participants exhibited a moderate perception of climate change, with a mean score of 43.10 (SD = 11.68) out of 56. Urban residents' psychological security was relatively high (M = 61.01, SD = 5.98), with social security scoring highest (M = 27.58, SD = 3.73). Neighborhood cohesion was moderate (M = 61.63, SD = 12.89), with the psychological sense of community scoring highest (M = 31.51, SD = 7.66), reflecting strong local connections. The interviews with academics on psychosocial profiles related to climate change were analyzed and categorized into three main themes: (1) Recognizing and Responding to Climate Change, (2) A Sense of Security: Feelings and Crime Rate Perceptions among Nurses, and (3) Perceiving and Engaging with the Neighborhood.

Conclusion: Climate change is a pressing crisis that cannot be handled or assessed solely based on perception or awareness levels. This underscores the need for a more proactive approach to addressing environmental challenges, along with targeted interventions to enhance climate change awareness and engagement among academics within higher education institutions.

Clinical supervision is increasingly recognized as a vital feature in supporting nurses working within the public health nursing service to respond to the expanding and complex demands of child and family health nursing. Yet, despite its established benefits in other health professions, the absence of clinical supervision frameworks and models tailored to the challenges of the public health nursing service withholds opportunities to safeguard practitioner well-being while consistently providing safe levels of care. To address these concerns, we propose the INSIGHT Model, a competency-based approach to clinical supervision, grounded in the standards and educational requirements of public health nursing roles in Ireland to provide structured professional support that enhances competent, safe, person-centered, and accountable care. The model emphasizes core competencies including professional and ethical practice, holistic approaches to clinical decision-making, clinical leadership and management of care, reflective practice and psychological safety, effective communication and professional development. The authors advocate for collaboration across all nursing leadership divisions to support the development of the education requirements for the INSIGHT Model for Clinical Supervision in Public Health Nursing Services in Ireland with suitability for international contexts.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between parents' health literacy, adolescents' health literacy and physical activity status.

Methods: This cross-sectional study sample consisted of 521 adolescent and parent dyads from a middle school in Türkiye. Data were collected using the "Descriptive Information Form," "Health Literacy Scale for School-aged Children (HLSAC-T)," "Adult Health Literacy Scale (AHLS)," and "Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ)."

Results: The mean age of the adolescents was 11.61 ± 1.13, and 54.9% were girls. The mean age of the parents was 39.44 ± 7.32 and 89.4% were mothers. The mean total score of HLSAC-T was 32.00 ± 5.65, the mean total score of PAQ was 26.24 ± 6.82, and the mean total score of AHLS was 18.00 ± 3.85. A moderate positive correlation was found between HLSAC-T and PAQ scores (r = 0.352, p = 0.000). There was a weak positive correlation between HLSAC-T and AHLS scores (r = 0.280, p = 0.000), and a moderate positive correlation between AHLS and PAQ scores (r = 0.442, p = 0.000).

Conclusion: There was a moderately significant relationship between health literacy and physical activity levels of adolescents. The study also examined the relationship between parental health literacy, adolescents' health literacy and physical activity levels. While there was a significant, weak relationship between parental health literacy and adolescents' health literacy levels, there was a moderately significant relationship between parental health literacy and adolescents' physical activity levels.

Aim: This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis and scientific mapping of publications on environmental health literacy.

Methods: The Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched using the following keywords: "environmental health literacy" or "environmental health litera*" or "environmental and health literacy." A total of 149 articles published from 1993 to July 2024 were identified and analyzed. The bibliometrix package of the R programming language was used to analyze the metrics and conduct scientific mapping.

Results: The annual growth rate of environmental health literacy research was 5.95%. Environmental health literacy was associated with main themes such as environmental health, risk communication, public health, health education, and communication. In research trends, the tendency towards the terms "environmental health literacy" in 2022, "urban area," "reproductive health," and "pollutant" from 2024 onwards was more evident.

Conclusion: Environmental health literacy is an important developing interdisciplinary topic.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of lifestyle habits and intergenerational support on the cognitive function of older rural individuals and to provide scientific evidence for the early prevention and rational intervention for cognitive decline.

Sample: A total of 3951 rural seniors aged 60 years or above were selected from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Measurements: Pearson's correlation analysis, linear regression, and robust modeling were used to investigate the effects of lifestyle habits and intergenerational support on cognitive function.

Results: The results showed that healthy lifestyle habits such as moderate exercise and adequate sleep have a positive effect on the cognitive function of rural seniors. Among unhealthy habits, alcohol consumption in moderation benefits cognitive health, while smoking contributes to cognitive decline. In terms of intergenerational support, downward and bi-directional intergenerational support were confirmed to be protective factors for enhancing cognitive functioning, while upward intergenerational support did not pass the confidence level test.

Conclusion: Interventions are necessary to encourage the adoption of healthy living habits, correct bad habits, and encourage rural seniors to realize their self-worth through intergenerational support to effectively prevent and delay cognitive function deterioration.

Background: Nurse-led clinics (NLCs) are increasingly recognized as a strategic component of outpatient care delivery; however, in many health systems, including Italy, their role remains poorly documented, under-recognized in health information systems, and weakly integrated into organizational governance. This phenomenon contributes to the persistence of "Hidden Nursing Care," limiting nursing visibility and evidence-based service planning.

Purpose: To provide the first nationwide descriptive mapping of NLCs in Italy, examining their distribution, organizational characteristics, activity volumes, service typology, and professional workforce profile.

Methods: A national cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the ENLIGHT-IT project. Public healthcare facilities were recruited across Italian regions. Data were collected between January and June 2024 using three structured instruments: (1) facility-level survey on NLC organization and activity; (2) nurse survey including sociodemographic and professional characteristics and the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI); and (3) an annual log of nursing activities performed. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results: Twenty-seven healthcare facilities from 12 regions reported data on 279 NLCs and 940 nurses. NLCs delivered 2,047,058 nursing activities and assisted 533,212 patients in 2023. Clinics operated a mean of 4.2 days and 24.3 h per week. The largest service categories were general nursing (55.9%), wound care (11.1%), and chronic care management (10.0%). Most NLCs were administratively affiliated with medical (42.9%) or surgical departments (26.5%). The nursing workforce was predominantly female (76.4%), with a mean age of 51.4 years and extensive experience (mean 26.9 years). PES-NWI results indicated strong leadership support but insufficient staffing.

Conclusions: NLCs constitute an established and high-volume component of outpatient care in Italy, yet their organizational positioning remains fragmented.

Implications for public health nursing: These findings highlight the need for formal recognition, standardized documentation, and dedicated policy frameworks to support equitable access to nurse-led outpatient services.