Aim: To evaluate the post-traumatic change and chronic disease self-management in individuals with chronic illness who experienced the earthquake and determine the relationship between these dimensions.
Background: The earthquake, the disaster of the century, had a traumatic effect on all individuals, especially those with chronic diseases.
Methods: This descriptive, correlational study included 463 individuals with a chronic disease diagnosed at least 1 year before the earthquake. Data were collected between March and July 2024, using a Personal Information Form, the Post-Trauma Change Scale (PTCS), and the Chronic Illness Self-Management Scale (CISMS). Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression analyses were used in the analyses. The STROBE checklist was used.
Results: A negative correlation was determined between PTCS and the CISMS subscales of Self-Stigma and Treatment Adherence. A positive correlation was determined between PTCS and the CISMS subscales of Coping with Self-Stigma and Healthcare Efficacy. The CISMS subscale of Self-Stigma explained 9% of the PTCS Self-Confidence, Awareness, and Social Adaptability subscale total points. The CISMS subscale of Coping with Stigma explained 13% of the PTCS Self-Confidence and Awareness subscale total points. The Healthcare Efficacy subscale of the CISMS explained 13% of the PTCS Self-Confidence subscale total points. The CISMS Treatment Adherence subscale explained 4% of the PTCS Awareness subscale.
Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that there was a neutral change in levels after the trauma, and chronic disease self-management was insufficient in the study participants. A negative correlation was determined between the PTCS and the CISMS subscales of Self-Stigma and Treatment Adherence. A positive correlation was determined between the PTCS and the CISMS subscales of Coping with Stigma and Healthcare Efficacy.
Implications for nursing policy and health policy: According to our results, increasing self-confidence, awareness, and social adaptability will enable patients to achieve control of the traumatic event and chronic disease self-management in the long term. In traumatic events such as earthquakes, nurses should take an active role in the care, education, and guidance of individuals with chronic diseases who are in the vulnerable group. In addition, emergency health action plans should be determined in detail by health policy makers for individuals with chronic diseases, especially in risky regions.
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