Public Health Nursing最新文献

Aim: Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to improve patients' adherence to treatment in order to control their blood pressure. The present study aims to examine the effect of a smartphone application-supported nursing care program provided by a nurse on medication adherence and achievement of normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among patients diagnosed with primary hypertension and registered at the Family Health Center within the context of patients' self-management behaviors.

Methods: A randomized controlled experimental study design. CONSORT flow chart was used in the study. The study sample consisted of 41 hypertensive patients in the intervention group and 41 hypertensive patients in the control group. The intervention group was supported with a smartphone application named "HiperDostum" based on the health belief model, whereas the control group continued to receive standard healthcare services provided by the Family Health Center, to which they were affiliated. Data were collected using the "Patient Information Form," "Blood Pressure Monitoring Form," and the "Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form."

Results: It was observed that the intervention group participants had higher medication adherence self-efficacy scale scores when compared to the control group participants. Comparing the blood pressure values by group, time, and group*time interaction, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure values by time and group*time interaction.

Conclusion: Considering the widespread use of smartphones and smartphone application-supported nursing care can be successfully used to enhance self-management and improve treatment adherence among hypertensive patients in primary healthcare institutions.

Trial registration: Registration number: NCT0532140; NAME OF TRIAL REGISTRY: The Effect of Smart Phone Application Supported Nursing Care Program on the Self-Management of Hypertensive Patients.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission routes place all individuals at equal risk; however, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals are disproportionately affected due to barriers in accessing health services and the impact of stigma, making it crucial to understand their health beliefs and knowledge levels.

Methods: This descriptive study aimed to assess the knowledge levels and health beliefs of LGBTQ individuals regarding HPV and its vaccine. The study, conducted between November 2020 and March 2021, was reported according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline. Three hundred and twenty-three individuals who agreed to participate in the study during this date range were included in the study using the snowball sampling method. Personal information form, HPV Infection Knowledge Scale, and Health Belief Model Scale were used as data collection tools.

Results: The mean scores of participants on the HPV Knowledge Scale were 3.42 ± 2.24. Of the participants, 39.6% reported no prior knowledge of the HPV vaccine, and among those who had heard of the vaccine, 88.2% had not received it. The mean scores of participants who had received the vaccine were higher on perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived susceptibility sub-dimensions than those who had not, while the mean scores on perceived barriers were lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study finds that LGBTQ individuals have insufficient knowledge about HPV and are less likely to have received the HPV vaccine. However, low perceived barriers and high perceptions of the benefits, severity, and susceptibility of HPV vaccination can enhance preventive behaviors. Nurses should offer counseling and information to improve LGBTQ individuals' perceptions of the HPV vaccine, thereby increasing preventive actions against HPV infection.

Introduction: Nursing is a moral endeavor that embodies humanitarian responses to human suffering. Nurses understand the impact of direct and indirect violence on the health of individuals and communities around the world. The intersections of health, justice, caring, and peace are important considerations for the profession.

Methods: This qualitative research study, in the interpretive phenomenology tradition, describes the experience of peacebuilding from the perspective of eight nurses with experience living and working in low-resource international settings.

Results: Attributes of peacebuilding included fostering authentic human relationships that contribute to community engagement, nurturing holistic human kindness with humility, and experiencing the personal costs of peacebuilding amid violence. Peacebuilding practices included mediating conflict rooted in direct and indirect violence, accompanying communities toward resilience, and building capacity through teaching and learning.

Conclusion: This study represents an introduction to the considerations of how peacebuilding is integral to nursing research, theory, and practice and provides the basis for further studies.

Aim: Public health nurses working in high schools have few set tasks, and there is limited research available on their flexible role. Therefore, the aim of the study was to describe public health nurses' perspectives on their role when working in Norwegian high schools.

Design: A qualitative descriptive design, with an inductive approach.

Sample: Eight public health nurses with at least 1-year of experience working in high schools in Norway.

Methods: Individual, semi-structured interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: Public health nurses viewed clinical practice as being the main purpose of their role, and the role was founded on both physical and digital availability. Close collaboration within the school and with external collaboration partners was crucial when public health nurses executed their role. The flexible nature of the role presented navigational challenges for public health nurses, who needed to balance competing demands in a busy work environment. Nevertheless, public health nurses demonstrated a strong commitment to their role and experienced that they made a difference to the students they served and the schools in which they worked.

Conclusions: The study underlined the importance of recognizing the totality of the public health nursing role and the ethical challenges derived from navigating different perspectives of the role.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of reversible factors associated with breast cancer, with the aim of offering insights for the creation of early intervention strategies for breast cancer prevention.

Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were systematically searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to breast cancer risk. Searches were limited to literature published from the inception of each database up to May 1, 2024. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality and evidence synthesis of the studies included in our review.

Results: We included 31 systematic reviews in our analysis, and breast cancer risk factors were divided into four categories: diet and lifestyle habits, reproductive and familial factors, body weight and physical activity, and environmental and miscellaneous factors.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a high-fat diet, low intake of dietary fiber, alcohol consumption, smoking, and obesity are linked to a higher risk of breast cancer. Conversely, physical activity and breastfeeding appear to lower breast cancer risk. However, the methodological and evidence quality of the reviewed studies was generally low, necessitating caution in the application of these findings. Additionally, there is a need for more research into lifestyle interventions to better develop and advocate for effective breast cancer prevention strategies.

Introduction: Disaster nursing is a complex, dynamic, and resource-limited working environment, like military operations. As the COVID-19 outbreak has shown, not only hospitals, but all communities need nurses who can systematically respond to disasters. It is important for nurses to possess the necessary readiness to respond to disasters with confidence and autonomy. However, there is a lack of evidence for a theoretical framework for nurses' cognitive readiness for disaster nursing.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the development of a middle-range theory about nurse's cognitive readiness in disaster response.

Methods: Fletcher and Wind's model was modified to develop a theoretical framework for disaster cognitive readiness by using theory derivation and sentence synthesis.

Results: In the developed theory, "Disaster cognitive readiness" refers to the cognitive preparedness of nurses for effectively responding to and managing disaster situations which are in high-stakes, complex environments, achieved through a combination of education, training, and practice in essential skills such as problem-solving, communication, resilience, and ethics. The theory for disaster cognitive readiness described the competencies: knowledge, problem-solving, metacognition, decision-making, adaptability, risk-communication, resilience, and ethics. The outcomes of disaster cognitive readiness are personal (job satisfaction, professional growth) and organizational (disaster management, disaster resilience) outcomes.

Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to be useful in developing educational and training programs that emphasize the characteristics of disaster nursing competencies and in verifying their effectiveness in enhancing disaster cognitive readiness as well as individual and organizational outcomes.

Objective: Smoking, a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, is associated with stress relief and pleasure among women, which can hinder efforts to quit smoking, particularly in workplaces. We investigated the metabolic syndrome indicators among working Korean women based on smoking status and workplace size to devise tailored smoking cessation policies.

Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.

Sample: Data from 53,126 working Korean women aged 15-64 years were collected between 2009 and 2015.

Measurements: Data were collected from the Female Employees Database derived from the National Health Insurance Service. To assess the trend of metabolic syndrome indicators among working Korean women according to smoking status and workplace size, repeated-measures analysis of variance was used.

Results: Significant interactions were found between time and group for waist circumference (WC), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting glucose (FG) levels. Trends of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMSEs) than in large-sized enterprises (LSEs). Current smokers in the LSE group had the highest WC, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, and FG values.

Conclusions: These insights may be valuable for devising policies and interventions to improve metabolic health among women working in SMSEs and current smokers in LSEs.

Aim: Assessment of children's communicable disease status is effective in preventing child morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the infectious disease status of children aged 0-14 in Türkiye.

Methods: The research is a cross-sectional study conducted using the microdataset of the "Türkiye Health Survey 2022" obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute. Seven thousand nineteen individuals aged 0-14 were included in the analysis. Data on communicable diseases of children aged 0-14 years in the 6-month period before the survey date was obtained by asking the household head.

Results: In our research, the data of 7019 individuals aged 0-14 was evaluated. It was determined that 2.2% of children had a vaccine-preventable infectious disease in the last 6 months. It was observed that the frequency of upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, and diarrhea in children was higher in the 0-6 age group than in the 7-14 age group. Urinary tract infections were more common in girls, whereas respiratory tract infections, communicable diseases, and diarrhea were more common in boys.

Conclusion: It was determined that diarrhea and upper respiratory tract infections occur in approximately one out of every three children in the 0-6 age group.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the disaster management experiences and psychosocial problems of individuals who survived the earthquake in Turkey during the earthquake of the century.

Materials and methods: A qualitative research design, phenomenological research, was applied in this study. This qualitative study included 33 volunteer earthquake survivors. The interviews were conducted using WhatsApp. Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze the data.

Results: In the analysis of the data, five themes (perception of the earthquake concept, things to do during an earthquake, actions taken to survive under the rubble, meeting everyday chores and dealing with post-earthquake challenges, perceptions of disaster management), and fifteensubthemes (features of the earthquake, emotions, thoughts, correct actions, incorrect actions, actions for the body, situation-oriented actions, housing, nutrition, hygiene, sleep, security, preparation, coping, and intervention) were identified.

Conclusion: The study showed that the earthquake negatively affected individuals psychosocially, but the effective spiritual coping mechanisms utilized to cope with the catastrophic event under the rubble supported the survival process. In addition, it was determined that the participants believed that religion and spirituality were important in coping with the earthquake.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the ecological footprint awareness and ecological intelligence levels of nurses working in a hospital.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 290 nurses working in a hospital. The study data were collected using a descriptive questionnaire, "Ecological Intelligence Scale", and "Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale". Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v23. The conformity of the data to the normal distribution was examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Pearson Correlation analysis and Regression analysis were used to determine and explain the relationships between variables.

Results: The mean age of the nurses in the study was 34.30 ± 8.53 and 85.9% were female. A statistically significant relationship was found between nurses' membership in an environmental association or organization (β = 0.192; p = 0.001) and their reaction to individuals who pollute the environment (β = 0.208; p = 0.001) and ecological intelligence. In addition, a statistically significant relationship was found between nurses' gender (β = 0.121; p = 0.041) and their reaction to individuals who pollute the environment and ecological footprint awareness (β = 0.165; p = 0.006). As the age and professional seniority of nurses increases, their ecological footprint awareness also increases (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: As the age and working years of nurses increase, their awareness of ecological footprint also increases. As nurses' ecological intelligence increases, their awareness of their ecological footprint also increases. Female nurses have higher ecological footprint awareness than male nurses.