Public Health Nursing最新文献

Against the dual backdrop of China's rapid urbanization and deep population aging, a profound mismatch has emerged between the physical environments of old urban neighborhoods and the growing aspirations of older adults for a better quality of life. Developing a scientific evaluation system for age-friendly community environments has therefore become a task of both theoretical value and pressing practical significance. Using Guangzhou-a prototypical high-density metropolis-as a case study, this research constructs and empirically validates an evaluation model for age-friendly community environments, composed of four dimensions ("road systems," "social spaces," "landscape configuration," and "public facilities") and 26 specific indicators. Taking the Huaqiao Garden Community in Yuexiu District as an empirical case, the study employs questionnaire surveys and statistical analysis to yield three key findings. First, the community road system is the most critical predictor of overall satisfaction among older adults (β = 0.294), exerting a significantly greater influence than "public facilities," "social spaces," or "landscape configuration." This confirms that an accessible, safe, and continuous circulation environment constitutes the essential foundation for seniors' autonomy within the community. Second, the study identifies strong heterogeneity in environmental needs across different elderly groups, highlighting the ineffectiveness of "one-size-fits-all" construction models. Third, a pronounced "expectation-perception gap" is revealed: seniors' expectations for age-friendly community environments consistently exceed their actual experiences, particularly in terms of health and safety facilities. The study concludes that future age-friendly community retrofitting must adopt a "road-rights-first" principle as its core philosophy, thereby promoting precise and differentiated renewal strategies. These findings not only provide empirical evidence from a major Chinese metropolis for environmental gerontology but also offer a rigorous decision-making framework and practical guidance for urban managers seeking to optimize resource allocation and enhance the aging-support capacity of older urban communities.

Objective: This study aimed to assess gynecological cancer awareness and healthy lifestyle levels among women in Türkiye.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was applied with 656 women from various Turkish regions. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form, the Gynecological Cancer Awareness Scale, and the Healthy Lifestyle Screening Scale.

Results: The median gynecological cancer awareness score was 147.00, and the median healthy lifestyle score was 95.00. A positive, significant correlation was found between awareness and healthy lifestyle scores (r_s = 0.359; p < 0.001). Awareness differed significantly by education, employment, motherhood, gynecological examination and Pap smear frequency, cancer knowledge, fear of cancer, and age (p < 0.05). Healthy lifestyle scores were significantly related to income, smoking, perceived health, and regular exercise (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Women generally demonstrated above-average gynecological cancer awareness, and higher awareness was linked to healthier lifestyles. Overall, 1.2% had a very low, 14.6% low, 75.9% good, and 8.3% very good healthy lifestyle level. These findings suggest that nurses should implement educational and counseling programs to enhance women's gynecological cancer awareness and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Objective: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus associated with severe health complications. Due to Turkey's proximity to high-prevalence regions and ongoing migration, this study explored healthcare professionals' knowledge, awareness, and practices related to HTLV-1.

Design: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Sample: The study was conducted in two hospitals in Istanbul between December 2023 and November 2024, with a total of 759 participants.

Measurements: Disproportionate stratified random sampling was used to select nurses and laboratory technicians, while convenience sampling was applied to physicians and allied health professionals. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, and HTLV-1-related knowledge, awareness, and practices. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, with statistical significance set at p < 0.005.

Results: Participants included nurses (63.4%), lab technicians (20.8%), allied health professionals (9.1%), and physicians (6.7%). The overall mean knowledge score was 3.94/14 (SD = 1.97), indicating low levels across all groups, though physicians scored highest. Awareness and adherence to practices varied significantly by profession.

Conclusion: There are critical knowledge and awareness gaps, especially among nurses and lab technicians. Integrating HTLV-1 content into education, offering targeted training, and using digital platforms can help improve practice and patient safety.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) and HIV seropositivity among students from four universities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Design: A case-control methodology was used.

Sample: The sample consisted of 500 students (375 HIV negative students and 125 students living with HIV).

Measurement: Adjusted logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the association of predictors with RSBs and HIV seropositivity.

Results: Data showed that heavy episodic drinking [aOR: 2.73, (95% CI: 1.38; 5.44), p = 0.004], drugs before sex [aOR: 7.46, (95% CI: 2.11; 27.88), p = 0.003], and a higher number of lifetime sex partners increased students' likelihood of having multiple concurrent sex partners (2-5 lifetime partners) [aOR: 4.22, (95% CI: 1.69; 10.54), p = 0.002] and ≥ 6 lifetime partners [aOR: 16.36, (95% CI: 6.18; 43.28), p < 0.001].

Conclusion: These findings indicate a need for South African universities to offer HIV prevention programs that inform students of how participation in particular risky activities can result in engagement in specific RSBs, contributing to a heightened HIV infection risk. Re-evaluation and strengthening of these prevention programs can ensure optimal efficiency in the battle against HIV infection.

Background: Public health nurses (PHNs) occupy an important position in improving community health outcomes and the response to public health emergencies. However, China currently lacks a standardized PHN education system, resulting in an underskilled workforce unable to meet growing public health demands. To address this issue, a deeper understanding of the actual roles and training needs of PHNs from the perspective of frontline community health professionals is essential for developing a structured and effective educational framework.

Objective: To explore the perspectives of community health professionals on the role and training needs of PHNs in China, so as to provide potential reference for establishing a comprehensive PHN education system.

Methods: With the utilization of a qualitative descriptive study design, this study was carried out with the recruitment of participants from 10 community health service centers in Beijing between March and August 2022 via purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on 17 community nurses and 15 public health physicians in China, with the collected data subsequently undergoing thematic analysis.

Results: This study identified two key themes of the roles of PHNs and the necessity of their training (11 sub-themes in total) through interviews. Specifically, the roles of PHNs involved eight sub-themes: responding to public health emergencies, providing population-centered care, conducting health education and promotion, managing chronic diseases, delivering mental health services, advising on policy development, offering maternal and child healthcare, and implementing family-centered care. In addition, the necessity of training encompassed three sub-themes: the need to respond to public health emergencies, the demand for meeting patient needs, and the requirement for specialized training.

Conclusion: PHNs are essential frontline professionals in public health practice, which underscores the imperative to cultivate public health nursing talents through undergraduate education in China. This integration is expected to cultivate a nursing workforce capable of effectively responding to future public health emergencies.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the psychosocial profiles, knowledge, and awareness related to climate change among nursing academics in higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A concurrent/convergent mixed method design was adopted. Data were collected from 77 faculty members across four nursing colleges in Saudi Arabian universities, between May 2024 and March 2025. Initially, participants completed a web-based questionnaire assessing their psychosocial profiles related to climate change, utilizing the Climate Change Perceptions Scale (CCPS), the Urban Residents Psychological Security Scale (URPS), and the Neighborhood Cohesion Instrument (NCI). Subsequently, a purposive sample of 20 faculty members participated in follow-up interview sessions.

Results: Our study revealed that participants exhibited a moderate perception of climate change, with a mean score of 43.10 (SD = 11.68) out of 56. Urban residents' psychological security was relatively high (M = 61.01, SD = 5.98), with social security scoring highest (M = 27.58, SD = 3.73). Neighborhood cohesion was moderate (M = 61.63, SD = 12.89), with the psychological sense of community scoring highest (M = 31.51, SD = 7.66), reflecting strong local connections. The interviews with academics on psychosocial profiles related to climate change were analyzed and categorized into three main themes: (1) Recognizing and Responding to Climate Change, (2) A Sense of Security: Feelings and Crime Rate Perceptions among Nurses, and (3) Perceiving and Engaging with the Neighborhood.

Conclusion: Climate change is a pressing crisis that cannot be handled or assessed solely based on perception or awareness levels. This underscores the need for a more proactive approach to addressing environmental challenges, along with targeted interventions to enhance climate change awareness and engagement among academics within higher education institutions.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed weaknesses in healthcare systems regarding health literacy. Although involving individuals, families, and communities in healthcare decision-making improves their outcomes, their ability to interpret information depends on attention to health literacy and readability of materials. Nursing educators have an essential role in teaching students how to implement literacy-appropriate health education strategies. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education includes health literacy content in the domains, competencies, and sub-competencies. There is a dearth of literature that guides faculty to apply the Essentials related to health literacy. Grounded in the health literacy components of the Core Competencies, this paper presents traditional, artificial intelligence (AI) enhanced, and interprofessional education (IPE) teaching strategies and methods for evaluation to develop health literacy competency. This paper will be useful for faculty who desire to integrate the core competencies with innovative approaches to teach health literacy within the undergraduate nursing curricula, to address health literacy disparities, and promote equitable, positive individual outcomes.

Introduction: Social media (SM) is deeply integrated into daily life, shaping behaviors, routines, and identities. Young women are recognized as heavy users and are particularly influenced by digital influencers for social connection, lifestyle inspiration, and decision-making.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between SM influencers and body image perceptions and to explore patterns of engagement with different SM platforms among young women in the UAE.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among female college students aged 18-35 years using a non-probability sampling approach. The online questionnaire included the Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ), measures of SM use, types of influencers followed, and preferred SM platforms.

Results: A total of 423 participants completed the survey. Approximately 38.5% reported spending 3-5 h daily on SM, and most followed influencers either sometimes (29.8%), often (29.3%), or always (24.8%). Overall, 67.7% agreed or strongly agreed that influencers affect their body image perceptions. Fashion and beauty influencers, food and lifestyle, travel and adventure, and fitness influencers were most frequently followed by participants, while environmental and sustainability influencers were least followed (15.6%). Instagram (72.8%) was the most used platform, followed by TikTok (70.7%) and Snapchat (69.7%). Nearly half (49.4%) of the participants exhibited high body dissatisfaction, with mixed satisfaction across different body areas. Following influencers was significantly associated with greater body dissatisfaction (OR = -0.096, p = 0.043), and higher body weight and employment status were linked to lower body satisfaction.

Conclusion: SM influencers significantly shape body image perceptions among young women in the UAE. Collaboration with public health educators may help promote body positivity and healthier attitudes. Encouraging fashion, beauty, and fitness influencers to share culturally relevant, health-promoting content could support realistic body image perceptions and enhance young women's well-being.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and overweight, and to identify a set of sociodemographic factors that could guide weight management interventions for women prior to conception.

Design, sample, and measurements: Pregnant women (N = 989) were recruited in the Kuwait Birth Cohort Study during the period June 2017 to February 2020. Prepregnancy weight and height were self-reported, while current weight and height were measured in a standardized procedure. Data on sociodemographic factors were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted by a trained data collector. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the association between sociodemographic factors and prepregnancy obesity and overweight.

Results: Among 989 pregnant women (89.26% of the cohort), the prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and overweight was 28.82% (95% CI: 26.08%-31.72%) and 37.92% (95% CI: 34.94%-40.99%), respectively. Only 24 pregnant women (2.43%; 95% CI: 1.63%-3.60%) were underweight prior to pregnancy. Notably, 17.67% of obese and 56.03% of overweight women perceived their weight as normal.

Conclusion: Obesity and overweight prior to pregnancy are extremely high in Kuwait, with more than two-thirds of women affected. Public health interventions targeting obesity in all women, especially those of reproductive age, should be implemented along with lifestyle counseling to optimize prepregnancy weight.

Objective: To explore how public health nurses (PHNs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) collaborate to advance climate justice, including their partnership processes, perceived facilitators and barriers, and the values that shape their relational work.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study using photovoice and semi-structured interviews, analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Sample: Eight PHNs and five CBO representatives from six US states participated, forming five PHN-CBO dyads and three solo PHNs.

Measurements: Data were collected from August 2022 to February 2023. Participants took photographs to guide discussion during joint photovoice sessions and participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were coded deductively, using the Authentic Partnerships Model, and inductively to identify emergent themes.

Results: Participants described partnership processes that were grounded in trust, care, and a shared purpose. They emphasized the importance of power-sharing, capacity building, and mutual respect in sustaining long-term collaboration. Geographic distance and institutional constraints emerged as barriers to advocacy and connection. Personal values, community ties, and a desire for relational accountability in climate justice work shaped pathways into partnership.

Conclusions: Findings expand current models of partnership and suggest that PHNs play a critical role in advancing climate justice through reflective, values-driven collaboration with communities.