Public Health Nursing最新文献

Objective: A competency training index system was designed in public health emergencies for community nurses. The purpose of this approach is to provide community nurses with guidelines for standardized training programs on how to respond to public health emergencies.

Methods: Through semi-structured interviews, a literature review, and team discussion, the first draft of competency training index system in public health emergencies for community nurses was formed. The Delphi method was used for two rounds of expert consultation to screen, modify and determine indicators. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process was utilized to calculate the weights of indicators at all levels.

Results: A total of 15 expert consultants were included. The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaire was 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.880, 0.887, and the Kendall coordination coefficient was 0.172 and 0.171 (p < 0.001). Expert opinions have determined that the final revised competency index system in public health emergencies for community nurses training consists of 2 primary indicators, 10 secondary indicators, and 46 tertiary indicators.

Conclusion: The study has developed a competency training index system in public health emergencies for community nurses. This system can serve as a foundation for standardized training in community health service institutions. It is characterized by its high demand, scientific approach, reliability, and rationality.

Objective: This study explores the practices of Chinese community nurses in hypertension management, using Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice to understand how their routines are shaped by sociocultural and institutional forces, along with their professional dispositions.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted in Shenzhen, China, between March and June 2024, and is reported following the COREQ guidelines.

Sample: Eighteen nurses, each with at least 1 year of full-time experience in hypertension care within the local community healthcare system, were recruited from a participant pool established through prior research.

Measurements: Face-to-face individual semistructured interviews were conducted using a structured interview protocol, and data were analyzed through thematic analysis.

Results: Community nurses face tensions between traditional health beliefs and modern hypertension care, as well as institutional pressures that prioritize efficiency over personalized care. Power imbalances, particularly the authority of doctors, complicate their role. However, nurses adapt their care strategies through embodied practices, balancing clinical standards with patient needs.

Conclusions: Community nurses are not mere enforcers of guidelines but adaptive professionals who navigate complex sociocultural norms, institutional demands, and power dynamics in hypertension care. This study underscores the necessity for flexible, culturally sensitive practices to improve public health outcomes.

Background: Nursing is historically, ethically, and theoretically mandated to champion social justice.

Objective: To investigate how the concept of "social justice" has been explored in nursing research regarding extent, range, and nature.

Methods: The five-stage framework by Arksey and O'Malley was adopted, and JBI and PRISMA guidelines further informed the study. The search strategy comprised three steps: an initial search, a systematic search in several databases, and finally, a reference, citation, and gray literature search. A total of 55 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis.

Results: Almost all the included studies were authored in the English-speaking world. Most studies were published from 2014 onward, and qualitative methods were by far the most prominent. A total of 13 specific definitions or understandings of social justice were identified. Five themes were identified across the included studies: (1) education, (2) concept, (3) theory, (4) public health and community nursing, and (5) maternal and child health.

Conclusion: The literature on social justice and nursing is limited, albeit growing. The conceptualization of social justice within nursing is becoming broader and more nuanced. Only a few studies have focused on specific patient groups or specialties.

This is a meta-analysis study to assess the relationship between multimorbidity and disability among older adults over 50 years old. Population-based studies, aged ≥ 50 years, assessing associations between multimorbidity (numbers and patterns) and disability in older adults, and reporting risk estimation with odds ratios (OR), were included. Homogeneity (I²), risk of bias, and publication bias were assessed. PROSPERO registration: 411007, and this meta-analysis was reported in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Twelve studies were included. For the older adults with 2 chronic conditions and ≥ 3 chronic conditions, the ORs of disability are 2.52 (95% CI 2.30-2.76) and 3.38 (95% CI 3.05-3.75), respectively. Among three multimorbidity patterns, the combination of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases pattern (OR 8.01, 95% CI 7.60-8.44) had the highest disability incidence rate. Chronic conditions in the multimorbidity patterns of combination of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and mental health problems have an enhancement effect (1 + 1 > 2) on old-age disability impairment, whereas those in the multimorbidity pattern of musculoskeletal disorders have a dampening effect (1 + 1 < 2). The differentiated and specific early interventions should be developed based on the different multimorbidity patterns to prevent the old-age functional decline and disability in older adults.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers in Arab countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness regarding breast cancer screening has increased the breast cancer-related morbidity and mortality.

Purpose: This literature review aimed to assess published research papers with a focus on the levels of knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers of women in Arab countries of the Middle East toward breast cancer and its screening.

Method: SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched using specific terms for relevant, quantitative, original studies published between 2017 and 2022. All English articles that matched the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Fourteen studies focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and barriers regarding breast cancer were included. Two independent reviewers performed screening and extraction.

Results: Among the reviewed studies, a range from 19.6% in Oman to 67% in Saudi Arabia had poor knowledge of breast cancer. Past personal or family history was a well-recognized risk factor (n = 5), and being worried about the results was the most common barrier to screening. Although most women were aware of screening methods, the majority did not practice screening. Social media and the internet were the most used sources of information used by women to obtain knowledge regarding breast cancer and its screening (n = 6).

Conclusion: Most of the Arab female population had low levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer and its screening. Programs designed to raise awareness are necessary, and more policy changes must take place on the national level in Arab, Middle Eastern countries to address the low knowledge, the negative attitudes, and the limited access to breast cancer screening.

Objective: The objective of this study was to ascertain the impact of cervical cancer education provided to women in Turkey on their knowledge, attitudes, and health beliefs.

Design: The study was conducted in accordance with the pretest-posttest randomized controlled trial model.

Sample: The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control groups. The study was completed with a total of 105 women, 51 of whom were in the experimental group and 54 of whom were in the control group.

Measurements: The personal information form, the human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge scale, and the health belief model scale for cervical cancer and Pap smear test were employed as data collection instruments. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 package program, and the number, percentage, independent samples t-test, and paired t-test were utilized for data analysis.

Results: Upon completion of the training program, the mean scores of the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in knowledge related to general HPV information, HPV screening tests, general HPV vaccines, and HPV vaccine programs when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Upon conclusion of the educational intervention, it was determined that the mean scores of cervical cancer sensitivity, caring, health motivation, Pap smear utility, and motivation of women in the experimental group exhibited an increase, while their general perception of Pap smear demonstrated a decrease (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that educational initiatives targeting women regarding cervical cancer have a beneficial impact on their knowledge, attitudes, and health beliefs.

Trial registration: NCT05990270 registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov/.

Objective: Children with disabilities and their families continue to face challenges in social inclusion and accessing resources. This study aimed to evaluate the availability and associated challenges of using services for these children and their families.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to analyze social services for children with disabilities. Data were collected from the official websites of both public and private institutions across three regions in South Korea. These data included information on the service contents and the characteristics of the target beneficiaries.

Results: A total of 12,841 service units were analyzed and grouped into 10 domains and 35 categories of social services. The most frequently identified service content was "Healthcare," followed by "Child and family care" and "Community services." The most frequently used characteristic of target beneficiaries was "Residential area," followed by "Income level," "Benefit," and "Type of disability."

Conclusion: The current services are limited in meeting the needs of children with disabilities, particularly in terms of selection criteria, service content, and the integration of policies and delivery systems, contributing to a lack of social inclusion and lower quality of life. Constructing a national scheme to expand eligibility and support tailored to individual circumstances and needs is necessary.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate research trends and hot topics in the 45-year history of nursing studies on hypertension (1979-2024).

Methods: This retrospective bibliometric analysis study was conducted with 2678 data obtained from the WoSCC database on April 1, 2024. Data analysis and graphical presentation were presented using the Bibliometrix Package in R software, VOSviewer, and WoSCC.

Results: The study revealed that nursing studies on hypertension were growing rapidly in the scientific world. The most productive journal in the field was the Journal of Clinical Nursing, while the most productive and collaborative country was the United States. "Frailty," "COVID-19," "complications," "Meta-analysis," "vital signs," "systematic review", "self-care," and "chronic disease" were determined as hot topics. "COVID-19" and "mhealth" were global trends. Additionally, the issues of "anxiety, pair, vital signs" and "elderly, nursing home, mortality" needed to be addressed more by nurses.

Conclusions: Nursing studies on hypertension have increased to date. This area is likely to continue to be an active area of study for nursing researchers in the coming years. Focusing on the topics "anxiety, pair, vital signs" and "elderly, nursing home, mortality" will contribute to filling the gap in the field.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) among female college students, identify factors influencing intention to seek professional help among SGBV survivors, and compare help-seeking determinants among survivors based on their prior utilization of healthcare services.

Design: A cross-sectional online survey was employed among female students aged 18-24 years from two universities in Eswatini.

Measurements and sample: A total of 271 female college students were recruited to assess SGBV experience, attitudes, social norms, perceived control, help-seeking intention, and other factors not originally included in the theory of planned behavior. Data analyses utilized descriptive statistics, comparative analyses, and multiple regression methods.

Results: Among the participants, 73.1% reported experiencing one or more forms of SGBV, while only 43.4% sought professional help through health services. Help-seeking intentions of survivors were significantly associated with positive attitudes, subjective norms, and marital status, collectively explaining 66% of the variance. In subgroup analyses, the subjective norm and attitude emerged as the most robust predictors of help-seeking intentions.

Conclusion: The results revealed a high prevalence of SGBV and a concerning trend of low help-seeking behavior, with attitudes and subjective norms emerging as the most influential factors shaping intention. These results provide valuable insights for designing theory-driven and culturally sensitive public health nursing interventions and educational programs aimed at effectively supporting SGBV survivors.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the factors associated with the level of sexual health literacy of midwives and their views on sexual healthcare.

Design: This is a descriptive and correlational study.

Sample: A total of 324 midwives with at least 1 year of professional experience and at least a bachelor's degree participated in the study.

Measurements: Data were collected with the "Midwife Information Form" and "Sexual Health Literacy Scale."

Results: The professional work experience, marital status, and education related to sexual health did not affect the sexual health literacy of midwives. Age, educational status, and voluntary choice of the profession willingly affected sexual health literacy. The sexual health literacy of midwives who hold positive views on sexuality and sexual healthcare services is higher.

Conclusions: The midwives' perspectives on sexual health, their level of knowledge, and the sexual health education they receive impact the quality of care they provide. Sexual and reproductive health should be emphasized within the scope of midwifery education.