Public Health Nursing最新文献

Introduction: This study investigates the impact of multiple myeloma (MM) on global health using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2021). We aimed to analyze the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with MM across various demographics and regions.

Method: Advanced statistical techniques, including ARIMA and Bayesian models, age-period-cohort analysis, frontier analysis, decomposition analysis, and joinpoint regression analysis, were conducted to explore these trends.

Results: The primary study findings indicated a significant rise in incidence and prevalence rates of MM, particularly in older populations, along with notable regional disparities.

Conclusions: Our study results underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and resource allocation to mitigate the growing burden of MM, offering policymakers and healthcare providers valuable insights into the potential trends in disease management and prevention strategies.

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a culturally tailored educational program, the Korean Breast Cancer Risk Reduction Program (KBCRRP), to reduce breast cancer (BC) risk factors and increase screening among Korean American (KA) women.

Methods: Guided by the PRECEDE-PROCEED and Health Belief Models, the KBCRRP targeted healthy weight, physical activity, diet, and BC screening. A quasi-experimental design involved KA women (age ≥ 40 years, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m²) from a community organization in New York City. The intervention group (IG, n = 14) attended eight in person weekly sessions and received 16 weeks of smartphone follow-up. The control group (CG, n = 14) received written cancer prevention materials. Anthropometric measurements and self-reported questionnaires were collected in weeks 1, 8, and 24. Changes in BMI, physical activity, diet, and BC screening were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and McNemar tests.

Results: Participants (N = 28; IG = 14, CG = 14) had an average age of 58.07 years (SD = 6.78). At eight weeks, IG participants demonstrated a significant reduction in BMI (p = 0.001) and decreased calorie intake at both eight weeks (p = 0.046) and 24 weeks (p = 0.042). CG participants showed an increase in waist-hip ratio at both time points (p < 0.01). Mammography uptake improved in both groups, with no significant group difference.

Conclusion: Despite a small sample size, the KBCRRP showed a significant reduction in key BC risk factors among KA women.

This brief report describes the work of the Association of Community Health Nursing Educators (ACHNE) to update the Position Paper Faculty Qualifications for Community/Public Health Nursing (C/PHN) and recommend qualifications for C/PHN faculty and clinical preceptors in undergraduate and graduate programs. Work group members conducted a literature review and a survey of public health faculty, practicing public health nurses, and other nurse educators in 2023. The revised position paper highlights the need for faculty who are academically and experientially prepared to teach community, public, and population health nursing courses. It stresses the importance of well-qualified instructors in both undergraduate and graduate nursing programs. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing added Population Health as a new domain to The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education. In an effort to meet the new domains it is essential to consider faculty that have the academic and experiential qualifications to be hired or selected to teach C/PHN courses in nursing programs.

Aim: To analyse the epidemiological profile of disasters in Oceania in terms of their temporal trends, as well as their profile of mortality and morbidity.

Design: A retrospective observational study of disasters in Oceania between 2000 and 2023 was conducted using the United Nations definition of disaster, as well as the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters inclusion criteria.

Measurements: The absolute and relative frequencies, rates per million inhabitants of deaths, injuries, and affected people, as well as time trends, were calculated.

Results: A total of 398 disasters were recorded between the years 2000 and 2023. Of these, 373 (93.72%) were associated with disasters related to natural hazards, and 25 (6.28%) were attributed to technological disasters. Among disasters related to natural hazards, 153 (38.44%) were meteorological, 111 (27.89%) hydrological, 45 (11.31%) geophysical, 41 (10.30%) climatological, and 23 (5.78%) biological. Of the 20 technological disasters, 5.03% were transport accidents, 0.75% were miscellaneous accidents, and 0.50% were industrial accidents.

Conclusions: The most frequent disasters in Oceania were disasters related to natural hazards, with meteorological disasters being the most frequent subtype. Although technological disasters were less frequent than natural disasters, they had a higher average mortality rate.

Objective: This study aimed to identify latent psychosocial-behavioral subgroups among Korean adults and examine how emerging infectious disease (EID) awareness, social responsibility, self-efficacy, vaccination behavior, and mask-wearing behavior can predict preventive behavioral intentions.

Design and sample: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 149 Korean adults aged ≥19 years and recruited through convenience sampling from two metropolitan areas.

Measurements: Participants completed structured questionnaires assessing psychosocial (EID awareness, social responsibility, and self-efficacy) and behavioral (vaccination and mask-wearing behavior) variables.

Results: Overall, conventional regression analysis showed that social responsibility and vaccination behavior significantly predicted preventive behavioral intentions for EIDs. Mixture regression analysis revealed two latent classes. In Class 1, preventive intentions were influenced by awareness, social responsibility, vaccination, mask-wearing, age, and COVID-19 history. In Class 2, self-efficacy, social responsibility, and vaccination behavior were significant predictors, with COVID-19 history negatively associated. These class-specific patterns in awareness and behavior underscore the importance of subgroup analysis.

Conclusions: Psychosocial and behavioral predictors of preventive behavioral intentions differ across subgroups. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health strategies that account for population heterogeneity. Moreover, tailored nursing interventions can enhance the effectiveness of EID prevention efforts in diverse communities.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of family function on communication abilities and family disease burden in older Chinese adults with chronic diseases, considering the socioeconomic status (SES) as a moderator.

Methods: This investigation employed a cross-sectional methodology to examine older adults, along with their caregivers, within both urban and rural settings in Zhejiang Province. Data were collected using the general demographic questionnaire, the family evaluation scale, and the family burden scale of illness. Data analysis included principal component analysis (PCA), the Spearman correlation analysis, and the bootstrapping methods.

Results: Mediation analysis revealed a significant total effect of communication abilities on family disease burden (B = -1.782, p <0.001). Communication abilities positively correlated with family function (B = 0.907, p <0.001) and negatively with disease burden (B = 0.651, p <0.001). The regulatory mediation model demonstrated that the interaction between communication abilities and SES index significantly predicted family function (B = 0.281, p <0.05).

Conclusion: More than half of China's elderly with chronic illnesses burden their families. Family functions mediate between communication abilities and disease burden, with SES moderating this. A "government-community-family" support system is needed. Government should enhance social security, for example, through long-term care insurance and tiered reimbursement, to ease economic burdens and improve communication. Communities should use health records to identify elderly with communication barriers and provide training. Families should adopt communication techniques; interventions for dysfunctional families, like empathy building and behavior control, can improve functions and relieve burdens.

Background: Adverse paternal perinatal mental health is recognized as a serious public health concern due to the negative implications for fathers, their families, and wider society. However, in the Irish healthcare system there is no evidence that the assessment and management of paternal perinatal mental health is part of current public health nursing practice.

Case presentation: The authors designed a hypothetical case study and used it with the public health nursing intervention wheel to analyze and illustrate how public health nursing practice is more likely to focus on maternal and infant health outcomes.

Findings: The case illustrated that there are opportunities to integrate applicable interventions such as assessment, screening, consultation, counseling, health teaching, referral, and follow-up at paternal and family level, as well as outreach, advocacy, and social marketing at community level. Evidence from the research-based literature is used to discuss how these interventions can result in beneficial outcomes for fathers, families and population health.

Conclusion: Furthermore, it illustrates how case studies can enhance teaching in relation to public health nursing education.

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop and validate a set of infographics tailored for self-management by patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rural Kenya, to prevent chronic kidney disease.

Design: In collaboration with two graphic designers and through an iterative participatory process, the authors developed self-management infographics tailored for patients with T2DM. The authors followed the following steps in the development process: goal identification, target audience identification, definition of the intended message, identification of relevant symbols or graphics and infographic compilation.

Sample: The images were validated by using participatory groups with patients with T2DM (n = 13) and healthcare workers (n = 7) caring for patients with T2DM. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9186 testing guided the comprehension level of images.

Results: In total, 28 infographics received a score greater than 66%. The following characteristics significantly affected the comprehensibility of the infographics: whether written text was included, prior knowledge, viewers' frames, image characteristics, whether images were familiar/commonly encountered, the positioning of images, and colors and measurements that could be interpreted intuitively.

Conclusions: The authors conclude that an iterative approach is viable for developing tailored infographics for specific populations.

Background: In a global context, where millions of women have died from cervical cancer, hesitancy toward the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remains high, and this reluctance continues to contribute to preventable mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the determinants of human papillomavirus vaccination adherence in the province of Oujda-Angad, eastern Morocco.

Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted between December 2024 and May 2025 and included 434 participants stratified into two distinct categories (girls aged 11-26 years and parents of minor girls). Participants were recruited from urban and rural areas. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire in Moroccan Arabic dialect covering sociodemographic characteristics, awareness of the HPV infection, cervical cancer, HPV vaccine, and decision-making processes. Associations were tested using chi-square, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: The study findings revealed an overall low vaccination coverage (6.7%) and a low level of knowledge about HPV infection (39.3%). While a high proportion of participants demonstrated awareness of cervical cancer severity (92.3%), fewer correctly identified the link between HPV infection and cervical cancer (25.5%) or were aware of existence of the HPV vaccine (31.7%). Only 16.4% of young adult women reported being solely responsible for the vaccination decision-making. Religious and cultural beliefs were identified as barriers to vaccine acceptance. HPV vaccination status was significantly associated with monthly income (p = 0.049), knowledge of HPV infection (p < 0.0001), knowledge of HPV transmission, and awareness of its link to cervical cancer (p < 0.001). In turn, awareness of HPV vaccination was significantly associated with educational level, occupation, and monthly income (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Persistent structural and sociocultural barriers were revealed by our study, including distrust in the healthcare system, deficits in communication and information, social circle influences, and religious and moral beliefs. These findings underscore the need to strengthen the role of healthcare professionals and to implement coordinated, targeted educational outreach strategies to improve vaccine perception and increase HPV vaccination coverage in Morocco.

Background: The association between cadmium, lead, and mercury exposure and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in middle-aged and elderly men remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the associations and dose-response relationships between blood levels of these heavy metals and the risk of LUTS, and to further examine potential causal links using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2008). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between serum heavy metals and LUTS. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis evaluated dose-response patterns, and MR analysis was performed to infer causality.

Results: Serum lead levels in Q2-Q4 were significantly associated with increased LUTS risk (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.00-2.36, P = 0.047; OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.10-2.54, P = 0.016; OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02-2.44, P = 0.039). Serum mercury in Q4 was also associated with higher LUTS risk (OR = 1.64, P = 0.009), while no significant association was observed for cadmium. RCS analysis suggested linear associations for cadmium, lead, and mercury, and a significant nonlinear U-shaped association for mixed metal exposure. MR analysis supported a potential causal effect of mercury on benign prostatic hyperplasia (OR = 1.54, P = 0.040).

Conclusions: Elevated blood levels of lead and mercury are associated with increased risk of LUTS in men, with mercury possibly exerting a causal influence.