Public Health Nursing最新文献

Objective: To explore how public health nurses (PHNs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) collaborate to advance climate justice, including their partnership processes, perceived facilitators and barriers, and the values that shape their relational work.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study using photovoice and semi-structured interviews, analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Sample: Eight PHNs and five CBO representatives from six US states participated, forming five PHN-CBO dyads and three solo PHNs.

Measurements: Data were collected from August 2022 to February 2023. Participants took photographs to guide discussion during joint photovoice sessions and participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were coded deductively, using the Authentic Partnerships Model, and inductively to identify emergent themes.

Results: Participants described partnership processes that were grounded in trust, care, and a shared purpose. They emphasized the importance of power-sharing, capacity building, and mutual respect in sustaining long-term collaboration. Geographic distance and institutional constraints emerged as barriers to advocacy and connection. Personal values, community ties, and a desire for relational accountability in climate justice work shaped pathways into partnership.

Conclusions: Findings expand current models of partnership and suggest that PHNs play a critical role in advancing climate justice through reflective, values-driven collaboration with communities.

Objective: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus associated with severe health complications. Due to Turkey's proximity to high-prevalence regions and ongoing migration, this study explored healthcare professionals' knowledge, awareness, and practices related to HTLV-1.

Design: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Sample: The study was conducted in two hospitals in Istanbul between December 2023 and November 2024, with a total of 759 participants.

Measurements: Disproportionate stratified random sampling was used to select nurses and laboratory technicians, while convenience sampling was applied to physicians and allied health professionals. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, and HTLV-1-related knowledge, awareness, and practices. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, with statistical significance set at p < 0.005.

Results: Participants included nurses (63.4%), lab technicians (20.8%), allied health professionals (9.1%), and physicians (6.7%). The overall mean knowledge score was 3.94/14 (SD = 1.97), indicating low levels across all groups, though physicians scored highest. Awareness and adherence to practices varied significantly by profession.

Conclusion: There are critical knowledge and awareness gaps, especially among nurses and lab technicians. Integrating HTLV-1 content into education, offering targeted training, and using digital platforms can help improve practice and patient safety.

Background: Community health nurses (CHNs) played a key role in pandemic crisis management, yet their specific experiences remain poorly documented. This study aims to identify the experiences of CHNs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus in 2024. Two independent researchers reviewed titles and abstracts to identify eligible studies based on the inclusion criteria. Data synthesis employed the method of Lizardo et al. Nine articles were included.

Results: Four themes were extracted: (1) awareness and preparation of CHNs, (2) facilitators, (3) various challenges in playing the role of CHNs (including moral dilemmas, organizational challenges, and occupational challenges), and (4) procedural changes and the use of technology.

Conclusion: Despite facing numerous challenges, CHNs played a crucial role in enhancing public knowledge and performance to control the pandemic. Comprehensive cooperation and support between health and non-health systems are essential for improving community health preparedness. It is suggested that health system managers use the results of this study to inform their service delivery planning.

Against the dual backdrop of China's rapid urbanization and deep population aging, a profound mismatch has emerged between the physical environments of old urban neighborhoods and the growing aspirations of older adults for a better quality of life. Developing a scientific evaluation system for age-friendly community environments has therefore become a task of both theoretical value and pressing practical significance. Using Guangzhou-a prototypical high-density metropolis-as a case study, this research constructs and empirically validates an evaluation model for age-friendly community environments, composed of four dimensions ("road systems," "social spaces," "landscape configuration," and "public facilities") and 26 specific indicators. Taking the Huaqiao Garden Community in Yuexiu District as an empirical case, the study employs questionnaire surveys and statistical analysis to yield three key findings. First, the community road system is the most critical predictor of overall satisfaction among older adults (β = 0.294), exerting a significantly greater influence than "public facilities," "social spaces," or "landscape configuration." This confirms that an accessible, safe, and continuous circulation environment constitutes the essential foundation for seniors' autonomy within the community. Second, the study identifies strong heterogeneity in environmental needs across different elderly groups, highlighting the ineffectiveness of "one-size-fits-all" construction models. Third, a pronounced "expectation-perception gap" is revealed: seniors' expectations for age-friendly community environments consistently exceed their actual experiences, particularly in terms of health and safety facilities. The study concludes that future age-friendly community retrofitting must adopt a "road-rights-first" principle as its core philosophy, thereby promoting precise and differentiated renewal strategies. These findings not only provide empirical evidence from a major Chinese metropolis for environmental gerontology but also offer a rigorous decision-making framework and practical guidance for urban managers seeking to optimize resource allocation and enhance the aging-support capacity of older urban communities.

Objectives: This study aims to identify global trends and emerging issues in research on immigrant participation in and access to cancer screening over the past 20 years.

Methods: This descriptive, retrospective bibliometric analysis was conducted with 669 data points obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database on January 13, 2025. The Bibliometrix package in R software, VOSviewer, and Web of Science Core Collection were used for data analysis and graphical presentations in the research.

Results: Research on immigrant participation in cancer screenings peaked in 2021 and declined in 2022. The most productive journal in the field was BMC Public Health, whereas the most productive and collaborative country was the United States. Trending topics included "time," "United States," "smoking," and "awareness." Additionally, research gaps persist in areas such as "barriers," "women," and "disparities."

Conclusion: There is increasing interest in research on immigrant participation and access to cancer screening. This area is likely to continue to be an active area of research for researchers in the coming years. Focusing on the topics of "barriers," "women," and "disparities" will contribute to filling the gap in the field.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate a mental health training process that included the implementation of the interRAI Self-Reported Assessment for Mental Health (SAMH) tool among Community Health Agents (CHAs), to improve knowledge of mental health issues, as well as to assess the tool's feasibility and acceptability.

Method: This is a quasi-experimental study. The participants were 24 CHAs from a municipality in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The instruments used were a sociodemographic and work-related questionnaire; a pre-test and post-test questionnaire to assess the knowledge of mental health, and a questionnaire assessing the feasibility and accessibility of interRAI SAMH, which was part of the training process. To compare knowledge before and after the process, a paired-sample t-test was used. Feasibility and acceptability of the SAMH were evaluated using a questionnaire and qualitative data.

Results: The training, combined with the SAMH data collection process, contributed to increased perceived knowledge of the following topics: psychiatric reform, human rights in mental health, Mental Health National Policy, Mental Health Care Models, Psychiatric Reform Law, risk factors for suicide, depression, alcohol and drugs, personalized therapeutic plan, psychoses, anxiety disorders, psychiatric urgences and emergencies, and interdisciplinary work. The results of feasibility and acceptability evidenced that CHAs feel more capable of recognizing psychiatric pathologies and emergencies, such as individuals at risk of suicide.

Conclusion: The findings support the feasibility and acceptability of the interRAI SAMH tool and its potential to enhance CHAs' knowledge and ability to identify and refer individuals with mental health conditions in Primary Health Care.

Background: ASD impacts not only the person diagnosed with the condition but also the entire family, and the family's life is altered in various ways. The research was carried out to understand the experiences of mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in safeguarding their children's health.

Design and methods: In this study, which employed the phenomenological research approach, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held with 19 individuals who are parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in a province located in northern Türkiye.

Results: The data analysis identified five main themes (child health protection practices, mothers' domestic practices, the first thing mothers do when their child is ill, application to health centers and care support in health protection). The sub-themes of adopting a healthy eating routine, choosing clothes suitable for weather conditions, traditional and cultural practices, keeping the house clean, regular sleep, eliminating self-care inadequacy, exercise and movement, and so forth, were determined for child health protection practices. It was revealed that the mothers thought that they were more observant, controlling, and careful to protect their health in a holistic dimension by paying attention to the characteristics of their children.

Practice implications: As a result of the study, it was found that mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder exerted greater effort in physical, emotional, and social aspects both inside and outside the home, taking into account their children's specific characteristics to safeguard their health. Awareness of mothers' experiences in protecting the health of a child with ASD is vital in addressing the need for the type of care and support required for children with ASD.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate nursing students' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy regarding chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threats.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was employed between January and May 2025 with 432 nursing students. Data were collected using an information form, the CBRN Knowledge Test, the CBRN Attitude Scale, and the CBRN Self-Efficacy Scale.

Results: The mean scores were 19.47 ± 2.76 for knowledge, 3.59 ± 1.27 for attitude, and 3.44 ± 0.73 for self-efficacy. Female students demonstrated significantly higher knowledge and self-efficacy scores than males (p < 0.005). Knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores differed significantly across academic years (p < 0.001), with fourth-year students showing the highest knowledge levels. Students who had received CBRN training reported higher knowledge and attitude scores (p < 0.001). Similarly, students expressing a desire for CBRN training had significantly higher knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores (p < 0.005).

Conclusions: The findings indicate that nursing students have notable gaps in practice-oriented domains such as triage, radiation safety, personal protective equipment use, and decontamination. These results underscore the importance of integrating structured, simulation-based CBRN training into undergraduate nursing education to enhance preparedness and practical competence.

Background: Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in children and continues to contribute significantly to childhood morbidity and mortality. While significant research has been conducted on the epidemiology and vaccination of rotavirus, the contributions of nursing to its prevention, management, and family-centered care are insufficiently documented. This study analyzes global research trends to identify gaps in nursing scholarship and emerging opportunities related to rotavirus.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis was performed using Web of Science and Scopus (1966-2024). Co-occurrence, co-citation, and thematic mapping techniques were applied to examine research productivity, influential contributors, collaboration patterns, and thematic evolution.

Results: The analysis included 210 publications from 146 sources authored by 1170 researchers. The most productive countries were the United States (18.7%), China (7%), and Canada (5.7%), while Brazil, India, and Australia demonstrated strong international collaboration. The dominant themes were immunization, infection control, and epidemiology. Emerging areas focused on zoonotic transmission and gut microbiota. Despite their importance in caregiver education, hydration management, and community prevention, nursing-led interventions were markedly underrepresented.

Conclusions: Rotavirus research continues to grow, yet nursing contributions remain limited within the broader scientific landscape. Despite their importance in caregiver education, hydration management, and community-level prevention, nursing-led interventions remain markedly underrepresented in the global literature. Advancing nursing-led preventive strategies, vaccine advocacy, and community-based interventions represent a critical opportunity to strengthen public health responses to rotavirus.

Clinical trial registration: No clinical trial number is required.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of school nurses working with refugee children from Ukraine.

Design: This research was conducted as a qualitative interview study, using an inductive approach and a semi-structured interview guide.

Sample: School nurses (n = 8) from different parts of Sweden were interviewed, and the data were analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. The COREQ guidelines were followed for reporting study findings.

Results: Four categories were identified in the analysis: (1) Initial health conversations with the Ukrainian refugee children, (2) Experience of challenges during the health visits, (3) The impact of war on the Ukrainian refugee children, and (4) To have a health-promoting everyday life.

Conclusion: The present study shows that the school nurse has an important function in promoting the health of Ukrainian refugee children, and describes the health conversation as a significant part of the meeting with these children. The work of public health nurses in schools in supporting Ukrainian refugee children can be optimized through increased cultural awareness, which can help promote the children's overall health.

Patient or public contribution: The study question was identified in discussion with school nurses.