{"title":"Generalized approach to Galileo’s swiftest descent problem on a circle","authors":"M. Selg","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jandra Ristikivi, I. Nool, K. Kööp, Urve Kaasik Aaslav
4
4
{"title":"Impact of simulation training on pre-clinical and clinical practice: the example of Tallinn Health Care College","authors":"Jandra Ristikivi, I. Nool, K. Kööp, Urve Kaasik Aaslav","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"4","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69935458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed tumor in women in the world. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer has an impact on life expectancy, reduced mortality and improved quality of life. The reduction in mortality depends largely on interventions. The objective of this study was to describe the reasons for not participating in breast cancer screening, ways to obtain information and measures to improve participation in screening. The survey was conducted among 1200 women aged 50–69 in Estonia. Statistical data analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0, using descriptive statistics. For comparison of the results with background data, the Mann–Whitney U test and the chi-square test were used. The main reason for not participating in breast cancer screening was the absence of symptoms. Information on breast cancer and breast cancer screening is mostly obtained from friends and acquaintances, and the least from the mobile application on breast cancer screening. The most desirable sources of information about breast cancer are information leaflets and the family doctor, and the internet is the least searched for information. Convenient access to a mammography examination and the family doctor’s initiative provide support, while the information in women’s magazines and social media has low importance for participation. The information channels used were related to age, native language and level of education. Place of residence did not affect access to information. The results show that women seek information primarily from friends and acquaintances, although they are also open to seek information from leaflets or the family doctor, indicating the need for more emphasis on those sources. Different sociodemographic variables should be considered in related communication.
{"title":"Reasons for not participating in breast cancer screening, ways to obtain information and measures to improve participation in screening","authors":"I. Nool, M. Tupits, S. Mets-Oja","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.07","url":null,"abstract":". Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed tumor in women in the world. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer has an impact on life expectancy, reduced mortality and improved quality of life. The reduction in mortality depends largely on interventions. The objective of this study was to describe the reasons for not participating in breast cancer screening, ways to obtain information and measures to improve participation in screening. The survey was conducted among 1200 women aged 50–69 in Estonia. Statistical data analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0, using descriptive statistics. For comparison of the results with background data, the Mann–Whitney U test and the chi-square test were used. The main reason for not participating in breast cancer screening was the absence of symptoms. Information on breast cancer and breast cancer screening is mostly obtained from friends and acquaintances, and the least from the mobile application on breast cancer screening. The most desirable sources of information about breast cancer are information leaflets and the family doctor, and the internet is the least searched for information. Convenient access to a mammography examination and the family doctor’s initiative provide support, while the information in women’s magazines and social media has low importance for participation. The information channels used were related to age, native language and level of education. Place of residence did not affect access to information. The results show that women seek information primarily from friends and acquaintances, although they are also open to seek information from leaflets or the family doctor, indicating the need for more emphasis on those sources. Different sociodemographic variables should be considered in related communication.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective ways to protect oneself against Coronavirus. Although vaccines for COVID-19 have been proven to prevent severe illness, hospitalizations
{"title":"Relationships between willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19, socioeconomic indicators, choices in health behavior, and health information seeking among Estonians aged ≥ 50; pp. 313–321","authors":"M. Paimre, K. Osula","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.13","url":null,"abstract":". Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective ways to protect oneself against Coronavirus. Although vaccines for COVID-19 have been proven to prevent severe illness, hospitalizations","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"24 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. About 14% of children have asthma, and despite effective treatments, the outcome is not always as expected, with hospitalisation rates remaining high. Parents of children with asthma experience stress as they doubt their ability to cope with the difficult circumstances. Parents complain that they do not have sufficient information on the reduction of factors associated with disease exacerbation. They need knowledge of how to effectively participate in coping with the disease. The aim of the research is to describe the experiences and needs of parents of children with asthma in coping with the child’s disease. The design of the research is qualitative and descriptive. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed by an inductive content analysis method. The interviews were conducted in the autumn of 2021. The subjects were found with the help of the Tallinn Children’s Hospital staff. Eight subjects participated in the research. The results of the study showed that the parents’ experiences in coping with the child’s disease consisted of health-related experiences, life management and material challenges, experiences with relationships, and various support systems. The needs of parents in dealing with the child’s disease included the need for various services, the need for information, the need to support the child, and health needs of both the parents and the child. Parents experienced socio-economic difficulties and incomplete information when coping with the child’s disease. For this reason, families should receive support from various specialists and organisations, and the role of nurses is to be a connecting link between families and support services.
{"title":"The experiences and needs of parents of children with asthma in coping with the child’s disease","authors":"K. Kööp, M. Tupits","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.09","url":null,"abstract":". About 14% of children have asthma, and despite effective treatments, the outcome is not always as expected, with hospitalisation rates remaining high. Parents of children with asthma experience stress as they doubt their ability to cope with the difficult circumstances. Parents complain that they do not have sufficient information on the reduction of factors associated with disease exacerbation. They need knowledge of how to effectively participate in coping with the disease. The aim of the research is to describe the experiences and needs of parents of children with asthma in coping with the child’s disease. The design of the research is qualitative and descriptive. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed by an inductive content analysis method. The interviews were conducted in the autumn of 2021. The subjects were found with the help of the Tallinn Children’s Hospital staff. Eight subjects participated in the research. The results of the study showed that the parents’ experiences in coping with the child’s disease consisted of health-related experiences, life management and material challenges, experiences with relationships, and various support systems. The needs of parents in dealing with the child’s disease included the need for various services, the need for information, the need to support the child, and health needs of both the parents and the child. Parents experienced socio-economic difficulties and incomplete information when coping with the child’s disease. For this reason, families should receive support from various specialists and organisations, and the role of nurses is to be a connecting link between families and support services.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"342 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classifying cubic symmetric graphs of order 52p2; pp. 55–60","authors":"S. Hao, L. Shixun","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Muniyappan, M. Sharmila, E. Priya, S. Sumithra, A. Biswas, Y. Yıldırım, M. Aphane, S. Moshokoa, H. Alshehri
{"title":"W-shaped chirp free and chirped bright, dark solitons for perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation in nonlinear optical fibers","authors":"A. Muniyappan, M. Sharmila, E. Priya, S. Sumithra, A. Biswas, Y. Yıldırım, M. Aphane, S. Moshokoa, H. Alshehri","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. The increasing prevalence of cancer and the decreasing number of oncology specialists in Europe’s workforce have led patients having to self-manage their conditions with the help of a health care professional. Ensuring cancer patients’ good understanding of molecular profiling data is crucial for their active participation in illness-related decisions. Although shared decision making improves patients’ knowledge and consideration of their needs, several difficulties remain in implementing shared decision making in cancer care. The objective of the research is to examine the relationship between sociodemographic aspects and knowledge of cancer-related topics and willingness to participate in cancer care. A cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire was conducted, including 1066 respondents among the population of Estonia. Logistic regression was used to answer research questions. There is a lack of knowledge and willingness of patients and their relatives to participate in shared decision making. Unlike in previous studies, higher readiness was observed among the ethnic minority and rural citizens. In addition to the factors previously identified, there is a need to consider a potential role of cultural and historical background of the health care system in determining the willingness and readiness of the general public to participate in shared decision making. These findings highlight the potential uniqueness of societies, in which paternalistic and autonomous approaches to patient care clash, and similar results may be found in other countries with a Soviet legacy. If there is a lack of readiness or willingness of a patient to participate, a physician should provide alternative means of support.
{"title":"Factors influencing participation in shared decision making in the oncological setting","authors":"B. Aasmäe, K. Lubi","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.02","url":null,"abstract":". The increasing prevalence of cancer and the decreasing number of oncology specialists in Europe’s workforce have led patients having to self-manage their conditions with the help of a health care professional. Ensuring cancer patients’ good understanding of molecular profiling data is crucial for their active participation in illness-related decisions. Although shared decision making improves patients’ knowledge and consideration of their needs, several difficulties remain in implementing shared decision making in cancer care. The objective of the research is to examine the relationship between sociodemographic aspects and knowledge of cancer-related topics and willingness to participate in cancer care. A cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire was conducted, including 1066 respondents among the population of Estonia. Logistic regression was used to answer research questions. There is a lack of knowledge and willingness of patients and their relatives to participate in shared decision making. Unlike in previous studies, higher readiness was observed among the ethnic minority and rural citizens. In addition to the factors previously identified, there is a need to consider a potential role of cultural and historical background of the health care system in determining the willingness and readiness of the general public to participate in shared decision making. These findings highlight the potential uniqueness of societies, in which paternalistic and autonomous approaches to patient care clash, and similar results may be found in other countries with a Soviet legacy. If there is a lack of readiness or willingness of a patient to participate, a physician should provide alternative means of support.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Lubi, M. Varsamaa, L. Kala, A. Torop, K. Sildver, M. J. Rooden
. Person-centredness is claimed to be one of the aims of healthcare, placing the person at the centre of healthcare (services). However, individual responsibility is expected and stressed in the implementation with limited structural support. This has led to the situation where despite the availability of HPV vaccination as the most beneficial preventive method, the coverage for girls aged 12–14 is below the recommended (>70%) rate. The objective of the research was to analyse structural constraints experienced by parents and service providers of the target group of girls regarding HPV vaccination under the circumstances of a global pandemic. Qualitative methods were used, namely in-depth interviews (n = 18) with nurses and midwives and three focus group interviews (n = 13) with parents of girls aged 12–14 years, as well as thematic textual analysis with the combination of inductive and deductive analysis methods. The research was granted ethical permission. The results outline that for parents the main challenge is the ability to find relevant supportive information for decision-making. For nurses, the challenge is to find appropriate ways to counsel and support parents and girls. The study revealed the lack of a country-wide strategy as one of the weak links in supporting the continuation of necessary preventive activities despite the external situation. Also, the skills of counselling and development of innovative communicative and educational digital tools that are target group specific yet also country-and culture-specific should be improved, as this may lead to more person-centred healthcare service for cervical cancer prevention.
{"title":"Implementation of person-centredness under structural constraints: a case of HPV vaccination","authors":"K. Lubi, M. Varsamaa, L. Kala, A. Torop, K. Sildver, M. J. Rooden","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.12","url":null,"abstract":". Person-centredness is claimed to be one of the aims of healthcare, placing the person at the centre of healthcare (services). However, individual responsibility is expected and stressed in the implementation with limited structural support. This has led to the situation where despite the availability of HPV vaccination as the most beneficial preventive method, the coverage for girls aged 12–14 is below the recommended (>70%) rate. The objective of the research was to analyse structural constraints experienced by parents and service providers of the target group of girls regarding HPV vaccination under the circumstances of a global pandemic. Qualitative methods were used, namely in-depth interviews (n = 18) with nurses and midwives and three focus group interviews (n = 13) with parents of girls aged 12–14 years, as well as thematic textual analysis with the combination of inductive and deductive analysis methods. The research was granted ethical permission. The results outline that for parents the main challenge is the ability to find relevant supportive information for decision-making. For nurses, the challenge is to find appropriate ways to counsel and support parents and girls. The study revealed the lack of a country-wide strategy as one of the weak links in supporting the continuation of necessary preventive activities despite the external situation. Also, the skills of counselling and development of innovative communicative and educational digital tools that are target group specific yet also country-and culture-specific should be improved, as this may lead to more person-centred healthcare service for cervical cancer prevention.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. The most common rheumatological disease in children is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). At the beginning of the disease, the predominant emotions of the parents are growing anxiety, fear, confusion and denial of the disease. In Estonia, parents of children suffering from JIA do not receive enough support and information about their child’s health problem or social benefits and services. The aim of the thesis is to describe the experiences and needs of parents of children with JIA in coping with the child’s disease. The design of the research is qualitative and descriptive. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and ana - lysed by the inductive content analysis method. The interviews were carried out in 2021 with eight subjects participating in the research. The authors of this research found that the parents’ experiences in coping with the child’s disease consisted of adaptation to the disease, feelings of the parents regarding their child’s situation, family relations, nature of the disease and various support mechanisms. At the beginning of the disease, fear and anxiety were experienced. The needs of parents were related to supporting the child’s coping with the disease, the treatment process and school requirements. In order to do that, parents sought psychological help. Regarding the treatment process, the parents’ desire to cooperate with healthcare workers grew as the disease exacerbated. More understanding was needed from teachers regarding the obstacles and limitations due to the child’s disabilities. In conclusion, when adapting to the child’s disease, parents experienced both positive and negative feelings as well as a lack of information. Families should feel supported by healthcare professionals, local municipality and educational institutions.
{"title":"The experiences and needs of parents of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in coping with the child’s disease","authors":"M. Tupits, S. Tarraste","doi":"10.3176/proc.2023.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2023.3.05","url":null,"abstract":". The most common rheumatological disease in children is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). At the beginning of the disease, the predominant emotions of the parents are growing anxiety, fear, confusion and denial of the disease. In Estonia, parents of children suffering from JIA do not receive enough support and information about their child’s health problem or social benefits and services. The aim of the thesis is to describe the experiences and needs of parents of children with JIA in coping with the child’s disease. The design of the research is qualitative and descriptive. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and ana - lysed by the inductive content analysis method. The interviews were carried out in 2021 with eight subjects participating in the research. The authors of this research found that the parents’ experiences in coping with the child’s disease consisted of adaptation to the disease, feelings of the parents regarding their child’s situation, family relations, nature of the disease and various support mechanisms. At the beginning of the disease, fear and anxiety were experienced. The needs of parents were related to supporting the child’s coping with the disease, the treatment process and school requirements. In order to do that, parents sought psychological help. Regarding the treatment process, the parents’ desire to cooperate with healthcare workers grew as the disease exacerbated. More understanding was needed from teachers regarding the obstacles and limitations due to the child’s disabilities. In conclusion, when adapting to the child’s disease, parents experienced both positive and negative feelings as well as a lack of information. Families should feel supported by healthcare professionals, local municipality and educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":54577,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69934743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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