Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii最新文献

Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a highly common vascular inflammation in children, with coronary artery lesion (CAL) being one of its most common complications and a key factor for adverse prognosis.

Aim: In this study, we observed the clinical significance of caspase-1 in KD and CAL, and found that caspase-1 was elevated in KD and showed an excellent diagnostic value.

Material and methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on 67 children with acute KD admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to April 2023 (research group) and 67 healthy outpatient children during the same period (control group). The differences in caspase-1 expression levels between the two study groups were compared, and the diagnostic value of caspase-1 for KD was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Subsequently, the correlation between caspase-1 and inflammatory factors in the study groups was observed and the diagnostic value of caspase-1 for CAL was analyzed. Subsequently, human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) were purchased, and caspase-1 aberrant expression vectors were transfected into HCASMCs to detect the proliferation and apoptosis ability of the cells.

Results: Caspase-1 of the research group was higher than that of the control group, and the sensitivity and specificity of caspase-1 for diagnosing the occurrence of KD were 50.75% and 89.55%, respectively (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation coefficients showed a positive correlation between both caspase-1 and inflammatory factors in the research group (p < 0.05). In addition, caspase-1 showed an excellent diagnostic effect on the occurrence of CAL. In in vitro assays, elevated caspase-1 expression was seen to promote aberrant proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in HCASMCs (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Caspase-1 is elevated in KD and shows an excellent diagnostic value for both KD and the occurrence of CAL in KD patients, possibly through promoting the abnormal proliferation of HCASMCs.

Introduction: A randomised controlled clinical trial involving a novel trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peel was performed. The experimental group, the placebo group, the staff administering treatments, the persons evaluating intervention results, and the statistical analyst were all blinded.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of a novel TCA peel containing urea peroxide 5%, coenzyme Q10 5%, and kojic acid 10% as anti-aging skin therapy for postmenopausal women.

Material and methods: Forty-six postmenopausal women at a mean age of 60.63 ±2.6 years were equally and randomly divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 23) and a control group (CG; n = 23), which received facial skin treatments with a TCA peel and a placebo solution, respectively. Treatment sessions were performed once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. Between the sessions, the participants were required to apply the same post-peel cream in the morning and evening. Skin-aging parameters - hydration, elasticity, and sebum levels - were measured using the MC 750 B2 (Courage + Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany), wrinkle appearance was assessed based on photographs taken with the Fujifilm XT-1 camera, and the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and skin aesthetic improvement was rated using the Patient's Aesthetic Improvement Scale and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. All assessments were carried out pre- and post-intervention and at months 1 and 3 of follow-up.

Results: Skin hydration and participants' satisfaction with treatment results measured post-treatment and at month 3 of follow-up were greater in the EG than in the CG.

Conclusions: The TCA chemical peel improved facial skin hydration in postmenopausal women, but not skin elasticity. The results of the treatments were rated by the participants as satisfying.Trial Registration no: ISRCTN41899475; doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN41899475.

Introduction: Social media (SM) play an important role in contemporary world, influencing all areas of life, including dermatology, as people are often obtaining medical knowledge from content-sharing platforms on the Internet.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate if Polish adults aged 18-35 follow dermatological news on SM, which platforms and contents they find the most interesting and to assess if SM content can encourage them to visit a healthcare professional.

Material and methods: Online questionnaires were distributed from January to March 2024 among young adult people from Poland. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics.

Results: 44% of respondents confirmed that SM content prompted them to visit a dermatologist. The most popular platform was Instagram. The main reason for visiting a specialist was the desire to improve the appearance of one's skin. In 34% of the cases, the dermatological examination revealed skin disease. According to 92% of respondents, SM can have a positive impact on the willingness to visit a dermatologist.

Conclusions: 81% of young Polish adults read dermatology-related content on SM. The main areas of interest were skincare and skin diseases. Almost half of the respondents were encouraged by SM to visit a dermatologist, with 56% consistency of diagnosis made by a healthcare professional and SM user.

This review explores the roles of interleukin-30 (IL-30) and interleukin-27 (IL-27) in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, with a focus on psoriasis. The two coexisting cytokines should be analysed in conjunction as their actions are antagonistic in vivo. While IL-27 exhibits diverse anti-inflammatory mechanisms, the understanding of IL-30's functions remains limited. Studies suggest that IL-27 may play a role in regulating psoriasis, but findings are inconsistent. IL-30 shows promise in mitigating psoriatic lesions and suppressing inflammatory responses. However, research on IL-30's involvement in autoimmune diseases presents conflicting results. This article provides a literature review on the complex correlations between cytokines, their role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, inflammation, carcinogenesis, and autoimmune diseases, and provides a detailed picture of the interplay between IL-27 and IL-30 to uncover novel therapeutic targets for psoriasis and other autoimmune conditions.

Introduction: An impaired skin barrier has been reported in allergic diseases.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate dermis thickness in children with house dust allergy without skin symptoms.

Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged 4-18 years with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis. Participants were divided into three groups: healthy controls (n = 50), patients sensitized to house dust mites (n = 60), and patients with negative house dust mite tests (n = 48). The thickness of the dermis layers of the skin was measured at the cubital fossa using an ultrasound.

Results: The median age and gender distribution were similar across the house dust mite-positive and -negative groups and the healthy control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of dermis thickness (p = 0.053). Absolute eosinophils and eosinophil percentage were significantly negatively correlated with dermis (p < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between total IgE, house dust mite specific IgE and skin test values and skin thickness (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the impact of house dust mite sensitization on skin thickness, offering potential contributions to the management and treatment strategies of allergic diseases.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, associated with both physical and psychological burden. The aetiology of psoriasis is not fully understood. Physiologically programmed cell death (PCD) pathways are crucial for maintaining organismal homeostasis. Several investigations have highlighted the link between dysregulated PCD and the initiation of psoriasis. This review aims to outline various forms of programmed cell death pathways, encompassing the psoriasis distinctive features, triggers, implications in psoriasis pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities. It aspires to offer a comprehensive exploration of the role of programmed cell death in the context of psoriasis, providing a rational framework for further investigation and potential therapeutic interventions.

Introduction: Bacterial skin diseases have strong virulence to penetrate deep into the skin.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of 2% mupirocin ointment and 2% fusidic acid cream on bacterial skin diseases and their safety.

Material and methods: One-hundred patients with bacterial skin diseases treated from May 2021 to May 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group (n = 50) and they were given 2% mupirocin ointment and 2% fusidic acid cream, respectively. The skin injury areas, eczema area and severity index (EASI) scores, therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were compared before and after two courses of medication. The antibacterial activities of these two drugs against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes were detected by the agar diffusion method.

Results: After treatment, the EASI and itching scores of both groups significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (t = 30.804, 19.018, p < 0.001; t = 24.594, 12.680, p < 0.001), and the treatment group had significantly lower scores than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The overall effective rate of the treatment group (96.00%) was higher than that of the control group (90.00%) (p > 0.05), and the distribution of therapeutic effects of the treatment group was significantly better (p < 0.05). The two groups had similar incidence rates of adverse reactions (χ² = 1.0147, p = 0.3074) that were remitted without additional therapy. Both mupirocin ointment and fusidic acid cream had clear inhibition zones for S. epidermidis, with similar diameters (31.69 ±7.12 mm vs. 31.78 ±6.54 mm, t = 0.0949, p = 0.9245). However, only fusidic acid cream had an obvious inhibition zone for P. acnes on reinforced Brucella agar plate.

Conclusions: The therapeutic effects of fusidic acid cream on bacterial skin diseases were superior to those of mupirocin ointment.

Introduction: Postpartum women have relatively weaker bodies and may experience trauma during childbirth, providing opportunities for bacterial invasion. Therefore, there is indeed a certain risk of developing acute bacterial skin infections after childbirth. Postpartum acute bacterial skin infection can cause local or systemic symptoms, affect breastfeeding, and exacerbate the psychological and economic burden on patients.

Aim: This study aimed to analyse pathogen resistance in patients with acute postpartum bacterial skin infections and the differences of T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors.

Material and methods: In this case control study, a total of 100 patients with acute postpartum bacterial skin infections were selected as the experimental group. Another 100 healthy parturients were selected as the controls. The peripheral blood samples of the two groups were collected to detect the distribution of T lymphocyte subsets. The levels of inflammatory factors were detected. Separation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitive test were performed in the experimental subjects.

Results: The pathogens and drug resistance: Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and β-haemolytic Streptococcus were highly resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline, but sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, and sensitive to imipenem. CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were markedly higher, and Th17/Treg was markedly lower in the controls compared to the experimental subjects (p < 0.05). IL-4, IL-10, and hs-CRP in the experimental subjects were higher compared to the controls (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are the most common drug-resistant pathogens in patients with acute postpartum bacterial skin infections. The immune system plays an important regulatory role in the process of infection. T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors are differentially expressed in the process of infection.