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Sensory preferences are important motivators for using herbs and spices: A cross-sectional analysis of Australian adults 感官偏好是使用草药和香料的重要动机:澳大利亚成年人的横断面分析
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13406
Nina A. Wilson, Evangeline Mantzioris, Anthony Villani

Introduction

Herbs and spices have been used in cooking and food preparation to add flavour and aroma for centuries. However, many herbs and spices are also associated with a number of health benefits. Despite this, little is known about the types and frequency of use of herbs and spices in Australian households. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the types of herbs and spices used in cooking and food preparation in Australian households.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was undertaken amongst Australian adults aged ≥18 years. Participants were recruited via social media platforms requesting voluntary participation in an online questionnaire. The survey tool included questions related to the types of herbs and spices used and consumed in Australian households, frequency of use, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener.

Results

A total of n = 400 participants responded and completed the survey. Participants were mostly female (n = 341; 85.3%) aged between 25 and 64 years (n = 331; 82.8%) and were overweight (body mass index: 26.5 ± 5.9 kg/m2). In the previous 12 months, two-thirds of participants (n = 257; 64.3%) reported consuming herbs and spices 1–2 times per day, which were mostly consumed as part of lunch/dinner meals (n = 372; 93%). Basil (n = 391; 97.8%), pepper (n = 390; 97.5%) and garlic (n = 387; 96.8%) were amongst the most frequently used herbs and spices. Moderate to high adherence to a MedDiet was associated with daily use of herbs and spices [χ2 (1, n = 397) = 5.6, P = 0.018].

Conclusion

This cross-sectional analysis of Australian households shows that most Australian adults consume herbs and spices daily. Further investigation into the quantities used and needed to elicit potential health benefits of herbs and spices when incorporated into a healthy dietary pattern warrants future investigation.

几个世纪以来,草药和香料一直用于烹饪和食物准备,以增加风味和香气。然而,许多草药和香料也与许多健康益处有关。尽管如此,人们对澳大利亚家庭使用草药和香料的种类和频率知之甚少。因此,本研究的目的是确定在澳大利亚家庭烹饪和食物准备中使用的草药和香料的类型。方法对年龄≥18岁的澳大利亚成年人进行横断面研究。参与者是通过社交媒体平台招募的,要求他们自愿参与在线问卷调查。调查工具包括与澳大利亚家庭使用和消费的草药和香料类型、使用频率以及使用地中海饮食依从性筛查器的地中海饮食(MedDiet)相关的问题。结果共有n = 400名参与者回应并完成了调查。参与者大多为女性(n = 341;85.3%),年龄在25 ~ 64岁之间(n = 331;82.8%),体重超重(体重指数:26.5±5.9 kg/m2)。在过去的12个月里,三分之二的参与者(n = 257;64.3%)报告每天食用草药和香料1-2次,主要作为午餐/晚餐的一部分食用(n = 372;93%)。罗勒(n = 391;97.8%),辣椒(n = 390;97.5%)和大蒜(n = 387;96.8%)是最常用的草药和香料。中度至高度坚持MedDiet与每日使用草药和香料相关[χ2 (1, n = 397) = 5.6, P = 0.018]。结论:对澳大利亚家庭的横断面分析表明,大多数澳大利亚成年人每天都食用草药和香料。进一步调查草药和香料在纳入健康饮食模式时的潜在健康益处的使用量和需求量,值得进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
Maternal schooling and child's age interaction and its association with ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children <5 years of age: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) 巴西5岁以下儿童中母亲受教育程度和儿童年龄的相互作用及其与超加工食品消费的关系:巴西全国儿童营养调查(ENANI-2019)的结果
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13399
Juliana Vieira de Castro Mello, Raquel Machado Schincaglia, Pedro Gomes Andrade, Nadya Helena Alves-Santos, Dayana Rodrigues Farias, Natália Oliveira, Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda, Leticia Barroso Vertulli Carneiro, Paula Normando, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro, Gilberto Kac

Background

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased worldwide, including among children. Maternal schooling has been associated with children's UPF consumption. The present study examined the interaction between maternal schooling and child age in the association with UPF consumption in Brazilian children <5 years.

Methods

The Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) is a household-based population survey of 14,558 children <5 years residing in 123 Brazilian municipalities. A structured questionnaire was used to quantify the consumption of nine groups of UPF, according to the NOVA classification, on the day before the interview. The mean, standard deviation and 95% CI for UPF consumption are presented. A multiple Poisson regression model was used, including an interaction between maternal schooling and child age, to estimate the predicted consumption of UPF.

Results

The prevalence of consumption of at least one UPF group was 81% in Brazilian children <5 years, with the most consumed UPFs being sweet or savoury biscuits/cookies (51.0%), sweetened beverages (37.5%), baby cereals (29.4%) and yogurt (28.1%). Children 6–11 months of age had a lower mean consumption of UPF when maternal schooling was >12 years (0.73 [95% CI: 0.48–0.98]) compared to those whose mothers had ≤7 years (1.55 [95% CI: 1.18–1.92]) and 8–11 years of schooling (1.40 [95% CI: 1.19–1.61]). The interaction model between maternal schooling and child age (p < 0.001) indicated that children of mothers with higher schooling had significantly lower consumption of UPF up to 8 months of age. However, no significant differences in consumption were observed thereafter.

Conclusions

The child age modifies the association of maternal schooling on UPF consumption, that is, UPF consumption was lower for children up to 8 months when their mothers had higher schooling, whereas no significant results were found for older infants.

世界范围内,包括儿童在内,超加工食品的消费量有所增加。母亲上学与儿童的UPF消费有关。本研究考察了巴西5岁儿童中母亲受教育程度和儿童年龄与UPF消费之间的相互作用。巴西全国儿童营养调查(ENANI-2019)是一项以家庭为基础的人口调查,调查了居住在巴西123个城市的14,558名5岁儿童。在访谈前一天,根据NOVA分类,使用结构化问卷量化九组UPF的消费量。给出了UPF消耗的平均值、标准差和95% CI。使用多元泊松回归模型,包括母亲受教育程度和儿童年龄之间的相互作用,来估计UPF的预测消费量。结果巴西5岁儿童中至少有一种UPF的患病率为81%,其中食用最多的UPF是甜或味饼干/饼干(51.0%)、加糖饮料(37.5%)、婴儿麦片(29.4%)和酸奶(28.1%)。与母亲受教育≤7年(1.55 [95% CI: 1.18-1.92])和8-11年(1.40 [95% CI: 1.19-1.61])的儿童相比,母亲受教育12年(0.73 [95% CI: 0.48-0.98])的6-11月龄儿童UPF的平均消费量较低。母亲受教育程度与儿童年龄之间的相互作用模型(p < 0.001)表明,受过高等教育的母亲的孩子在8个月前的UPF摄入量显著降低。然而,此后没有观察到消费量的显著差异。结论:儿童年龄改变了母亲受教育程度对UPF消费的关系,即当母亲受教育程度较高时,8个月以下儿童的UPF消费较低,而对于年龄较大的婴儿则没有显著的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding modifiable barriers to human milk donation in the United Kingdom 了解英国人乳捐献可改变的障碍
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13405
Amy Brown, Sara Jones, Catrin Griffiths, Wendy Jones, Gillian Weaver, Natalie Shenker

Background

When premature infants cannot receive their own mother's milk, donor human milk (DHM) is the first-line recommended option, with growing demand for DHM use outside of neonatal units. To meet the potential need, we need to consider whether DHM supply can increase. This study aimed to explore the reasons that prevent women who wish to donate their milk in the United Kingdom from doing so to understand which barriers may be modifiable.

Methods

Women who wanted to donate their milk but did not do so completed an online survey. Open and closed questions examined the response they received, their reasons for not donating and what they did with any milk that they had already stored.

Results

Out of 732 mothers, 391 (53.4%) did not enquire as they did not think it was possible for them, 218 (29.8%) enquired but were told that they could not donate, 59 (8.1%) enquired but decided not to proceed and 64 (8.7%) received no response. Reasons for being told they could not donate included the use of certain medications, infant age, inadequate staffing, geographic barriers and incorrect storage. Process aspects (e.g., blood tests, practicalities) and lifestyle limitations led mothers to decide not to donate.

Conclusions

Although some women will be prevented from donating due to medication or health issues, investment in milk banking staffing and infrastructure and awareness campaigns could increase DHM supply, enabling guidelines to extend eligibility criteria for receiving DHM such as for late preterm infants, gestational diabetes or to support low maternal milk supply.

背景:当早产儿不能接受自己的母乳时,随着在新生儿病房以外使用人供乳的需求不断增长,人供乳(DHM)是首选的推荐选择。为了满足潜在的需求,我们需要考虑DHM供应是否可以增加。本研究旨在探讨在英国阻止女性捐献母乳的原因,以了解哪些障碍是可以改变的。方法:想要捐赠母乳但没有这样做的妇女完成了一项在线调查。开放问题和封闭问题考察了他们收到的回答,他们不捐赠的原因,以及他们如何处理已经储存的牛奶。结果732例产妇中,有391例(53.4%)因认为不可能而未询问,218例(29.8%)询问但被告知不能捐献,59例(8.1%)询问但决定不进行,64例(8.7%)未得到答复。被告知不能捐献的原因包括使用某些药物、婴儿年龄、人员不足、地理障碍和不正确的储存。流程方面(例如血液检查、实用性)和生活方式的限制导致母亲们决定不捐献。结论:尽管由于药物或健康问题,一些妇女将无法捐献母乳,但对母乳库人员配备和基础设施的投资以及提高认识运动可以增加DHM的供应,使准则能够扩大接受DHM的资格标准,如晚期早产儿、妊娠糖尿病或支持母乳供应不足。
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引用次数: 0
Perceptions of rural Australian adults with chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4 about the role of dietary intervention in their health and access to dietetic care 澳大利亚农村慢性肾脏疾病3期和4期成人对饮食干预在其健康和获得饮食护理中的作用的看法
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13400
Annette Shelley, Kerith Duncanson, Kelly Lambert

Background

Dietary modification is an important component of chronic kidney disease (CKD) management. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of people with earlier-stage CKD living in rural Australia about the role of dietary intervention in their health and access to dietetic care.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 people with stage 3–4 CKD living in a rural Australian health district. Interview questions were guided by the principles of the appreciative inquiry study methodology. The thematic analysis involved inductive coding of data, discussions of emerging themes between co-researchers as coding proceeded and thematic memoing to finalise the transformation of data into distinct themes.

Results

Three predominant themes were evident from the data. First, people with CKD expressed that ‘Dietary change empowers’ them in self-management. Second, ‘Dietetics is valued’ in achieving dietary change. Third, it was clear that nephrologists had a key role in determining service access through ‘Awareness and advocacy’ of renal dietetic services.

Conclusions

People with CKD living in rural Australia desire early, specialised renal dietetic care. The unexpectedly high acceptability of less resource-intensive technology for dietetic intervention suggests that there is an opportunity for service reorientation. Access to dietetic care could be enhanced by building on the key role of nephrologists in dietetic referral, service awareness and perception of value.

饮食调整是慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)治疗的重要组成部分。本研究的目的是探讨生活在澳大利亚农村的早期CKD患者对饮食干预在其健康和获得饮食保健方面的作用的看法。方法对居住在澳大利亚农村卫生区的14例3-4期CKD患者进行半结构化访谈。访谈问题以欣赏性探究研究方法论的原则为指导。主题分析包括数据的归纳编码,在编码过程中共同研究人员之间对新兴主题的讨论以及主题备忘录,以最终将数据转换为不同的主题。结果从数据中可以明显看出三个主要主题。首先,CKD患者表示,“饮食改变赋予”他们自我管理的能力。第二,在实现饮食改变方面,“营养学是有价值的”。第三,很明显,肾病学家在通过肾营养服务的“意识和倡导”来决定服务获取方面发挥了关键作用。结论生活在澳大利亚农村的CKD患者需要早期的、专门的肾脏营养护理。对较少资源密集的技术进行饮食干预的高接受度出乎意料,这表明有机会重新定位服务。通过建立肾病学家在饮食转诊、服务意识和价值感知方面的关键作用,可以提高获得饮食保健的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Choice on the menu: Increasing meal choice for people living in residential aged care, a pilot study 菜单上的选择:一项试点研究增加了居住在养老院的人们的膳食选择
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13401
Mikaela Wheeler, Karen L. Abbey, Sandra M. Capra

Background

For residents in residential aged care (RAC), opportunities to make decisions about their meals are often limited. Increasing choice for residents requires significant changes to be made to the foodservice system to deliver nutritionally adequate, timely and enjoyable meals to residents. The pilot project aimed to understand the effect of increasing choice in meals on residents, staff and the foodservice system.

Methods

A pragmatic action research approach was used to collaboratively design and evaluate an altered a foodservice system that increased choice, enabling residents to place their order at the mealtime and choose from a menu of seven hot meal options for lunch and dinner. Outcome measures were measured pre- and post-implementation and included food waste, resident satisfaction and foodservice costs.

Results

Resident satisfaction measured on a 5-point Likert scale improved between pre- (3.60 ± 1.09) and post- (4.57 ± 0.49) measurements, whereas production waste increased (pre—55g, post—90 g) and foodservice costs increased (pre—$9.20–$11.14 per resident per day, post—$11.01–$12.15 per resident per day). Compared to the standard cook serve meal, consumption of protein foods increased marginally (+5 g), vegetable consumption increased (+11 g) and carbohydrate consumption decreased (−38 g) for meals consumed from the intervention menu.

Conclusions

Increasing choice can have a positive impact of resident satisfaction; however, further work is needed to investigate how production waste and costs can be addressed.

对于居住在老年护理(RAC)的居民来说,决定他们的膳食的机会通常是有限的。居民的选择越来越多,需要对食品服务系统做出重大改变,为居民提供营养充足、及时和愉快的膳食。该试点项目旨在了解增加膳食选择对居民、工作人员和餐饮服务系统的影响。方法采用务实的行动研究方法,协同设计和评估改变后的餐饮服务系统,该系统增加了选择,使居民能够在用餐时间下单,并从午餐和晚餐的七种热餐菜单中进行选择。结果测量是在实施前和实施后测量的,包括食物浪费、居民满意度和餐饮服务成本。结果5点李克特量表测量的居民满意度在(3.60±1.09)和(4.57±0.49)测量之间有所改善,而生产浪费增加(55g前,90 g后),餐饮服务成本增加(每人每天9.20 - 11.14美元,11.01 - 12.15美元)。与标准的烹饪餐相比,从干预菜单中食用的食物中,蛋白质食物的摄入量略有增加(+5克),蔬菜摄入量增加(+11克),碳水化合物摄入量减少(- 38克)。结论增加选择对居民满意度有正向影响;然而,需要进一步研究如何解决生产浪费和成本问题。
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引用次数: 0
Content accuracy and readability of dietary advice available on webpages: A systematic review of the evidence 网页上提供的饮食建议的内容准确性和可读性:对证据的系统回顾。
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13395
Evaggelia Fappa, Mary Micheli

Background

Concerns have been raised regarding the quality of health information published on the World Wide Web, while studies accumulating similar evidence for nutrition-related information are scarce. The present review aimed to systematically accumulate and discuss the findings of studies evaluating the content quality of websites publishing nutrition-related information, based on the PRISMA statement.

Methods

Studies that have assessed the accuracy and readability of dietary advice published on websites/webpages were evaluated. The SPIDER framework was used for the systematic search of studies, and those that evaluated websites/webpages that did not contain nutritional information, were videos or social media, referred to health professionals, or contained information on a specific theme (e.g., dietary supplements), were excluded.

Results

Twenty-nine studies were included in this review, assessing information, published mainly in English, on 18 different diet-related topics. Twenty of them classified websites and reported, also, results per category. Inconsistent information has been found on 16%–49.6% of websites, with this percentage rising to 54%–94% in the case of ‘weight loss’ information. Purely congruent with guidelines information was found on 18%–39.7% of websites. Commercial sites were inferior in terms of quality to the rest. The readability level was estimated as higher than the recommended in 9 out of 11 studies that assessed it.

Conclusions

Results of the present systematic review indicate that inaccurate and hard-to-read dietary advice is found on many websites, regardless of the dietary topic.

背景:人们对万维网上发布的健康信息的质量表示担忧,而针对营养相关信息积累类似证据的研究却很少。本综述旨在根据 PRISMA 声明,系统地收集和讨论对发布营养相关信息的网站内容质量进行评估的研究结果:方法:对评估网站/网页上发布的膳食建议的准确性和可读性的研究进行评估。采用 SPIDER 框架对研究进行了系统性检索,排除了那些评估网站/网页不包含营养信息、视频或社交媒体、向健康专业人士推荐或包含特定主题(如膳食补充剂)信息的研究:本综述共纳入 29 项研究,评估的信息主要以英语发布,涉及 18 个不同的饮食相关主题。其中 20 项研究对网站进行了分类,并报告了每个类别的结果。在16%-49.6%的网站上发现了不一致的信息,在 "减肥 "信息中,这一比例上升到54%-94%。18%-39.7%的网站提供的信息与指南完全一致。商业网站在质量方面不如其他网站。在对可读性水平进行评估的 11 项研究中,有 9 项研究认为可读性水平高于建议水平:本系统综述的结果表明,无论饮食主题如何,许多网站上都存在不准确和难以阅读的饮食建议。
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引用次数: 0
Information sharing and seeking about nutrition-related complementary and alternative medicines in online forums for people affected by cancer: A content analysis of discussion threads 癌症患者网上论坛中与营养相关的补充药物和替代药物的信息共享和寻求:讨论主题内容分析。
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13390
Elizabeth A. Johnston, Susannah K. Ayre, Shanae Kalepa, Nathalie Bradford, Jolieke C. van der Pols

Background

Online forums are a key source of information about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for people affected by cancer, especially when information needs are not met in healthcare settings. This study therefore investigated nutrition-related CAM information seeking and sharing in online forums for people affected by cancer.

Methods

This study was conducted in a major online platform that hosts over 10 forums for people affected by cancer and has more than 10,000 registered users. A search strategy was applied to the forums to identify discussion threads with nutrition-related CAM information from January 2020 to December 2023. Content analysis was used to code the topic of, reason for, and source of nutrition-related CAM information sought or shared.

Results

Of 121 threads retrieved, 40 eligible threads contained 155 instances of nutrition-related CAM information seeking or sharing across 86 posts authored by 54 unique users. Most (89%) instances were information sharing rather than seeking. Topics commonly shared included using food items for medicinal purposes (e.g., ginger to reduce nausea) (25%), other sources of nutrition-related CAM information (e.g., book or naturopath) (17%), and oral nutrition supplements (16%). Most common reasons for sharing nutrition-related CAM information were strategies to manage treatment side effects (52%) and as complementary treatment (22%). Information shared was mostly sourced from personal opinion (44%) or experience (33%).

Conclusions

Information sharing about nutrition-related CAM is relatively common in online forums for people affected by cancer. Healthcare professionals should facilitate access to evidence-based information and advise caution when interpreting information shared in forums.

背景:网络论坛是癌症患者获取补充和替代医学(CAM)信息的重要来源,尤其是在医疗机构无法满足信息需求的情况下。因此,本研究调查了癌症患者在网络论坛上寻求和分享与营养相关的 CAM 信息的情况:本研究在一个大型网络平台上进行,该平台为癌症患者提供了 10 多个论坛,注册用户超过 10,000 人。我们对这些论坛采用了搜索策略,以确定 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间与营养相关的 CAM 信息的讨论主题。采用内容分析法对所寻求或分享的营养相关 CAM 信息的主题、原因和来源进行编码:在检索到的 121 个主题中,有 40 个符合条件的主题包含了 155 次营养相关 CAM 信息的寻求或分享,涉及由 54 位独特用户撰写的 86 篇帖子。大多数情况(89%)是信息分享而不是寻求。常见的分享主题包括将食品用于药用目的(如生姜减轻恶心)(25%)、与营养相关的 CAM 信息的其他来源(如书籍或自然疗法)(17%)和口服营养补充剂(16%)。分享营养相关 CAM 信息最常见的原因是控制治疗副作用的策略(52%)和作为辅助治疗(22%)。分享的信息大多来自个人观点(44%)或经验(33%):结论:与营养相关的 CAM 信息共享在癌症患者的在线论坛中较为常见。医疗保健专业人员应为获取以证据为基础的信息提供便利,并建议在解释论坛上分享的信息时谨慎行事。
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引用次数: 0
Nutrition delivery during hospitalisation after critical illness in Australia and New Zealand: a multicentre, prospective observational study 澳大利亚和新西兰危重病人住院期间的营养提供:一项多中心、前瞻性观察研究。
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13385
Emma J. Ridley, Kate Ainscough, Michael Bailey, Rebecca Baskett, Allison Bone, Lewis Campbell, Eleanor Capel, Lee-anne Chapple, Andrew Cheng, Adam M. Deane, Ra'eesa Doola, Suzie Ferrie, Kate Fetterplace, Eileen Gilder, Alisa M. Higgins, Carol L. Hodgson, Victoria King, Andrea P. Marshall, Alistair Nichol, Sandra Peake, Mahesh Ramanan, Ary Serpa Neto, Andrew Udy, Patricia Williams, Jacinta Winderlich, Paul J. Young, NUTRIENT Study Investigators and ANZICS Clinical Trials Group

Background and Aims

Energy and protein provision for critically ill patients who receive oral nutrition often falls below recommended targets. We compared characteristics and nutrition processes during hospital stay (within and post-intensive care unit [ICU] stay) of those who received oral nutrition as the sole nutrition source to those who first commenced enteral (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN) within an Australian or New Zealand (ANZ) ICU.

Methods

Multicentre, observational study of routine nutrition care in 44 hospitals across ANZ, including adult patients within ICU admitted for at least 48 h. Those receiving oral nutrition as the sole source of nutrition (with or without oral nutrition supplements) were included in the ‘oral nutrition’ group and those who first received EN and/or PN in the ICU as the ‘EN/PN group’. The primary outcome was median daily energy delivery in ICU. Data are presented as number (%) or median [interquartile range].

Results

Of the 409 patients enroled, median [IQR] age was 64 [51–74] years and 257 patients (62%) were male. APACHE II score, use of invasive ventilation and hospital length of stay (LOS) were all lower in those receiving oral nutrition (n = 200) compared to those receiving EN/PN (n = 209). In ICU, 63 (31.5%) and 169 (81%) (p < 0.001), patients who were receiving oral nutrition and in the EN/PN group received a nutrition assessment, respectively. Oral nutrition supplements were provided for 40 (20%) patients in the oral nutrition group and 31 of 94 (33%) of those receiving oral nutrition in the EN/PN group (p = 0.019). Energy and protein intake in ICU for the oral nutrition group was 716 [597–1069] kcal/day and 37 [19–46] g/day versus 1158 [664–1583] kcal/day and 57 [31–77] g/day for those receiving EN/PN (p = 0.020 energy, p = 0.016 protein). Quantification of oral nutrition was attempted in 78/294 (27%) patients in ICU and completed on 27/78 (36%) occasions. On the ward, attempts were made for 120/273 (44%) patients, with 60/120 (50%) complete.

Conclusion

Patients who received oral nutrition as the sole nutrition source in ICU had lower illness severity, rates of nutrition assessment and provision of oral supplements compared to those who first received EN/PN. Quantification of oral nutrition was often incomplete for all patients in ICU and on the ward.

背景和目的:接受口服营养的重症患者的能量和蛋白质供应往往低于推荐目标。我们比较了在澳大利亚或新西兰(ANZ)重症监护病房接受口服营养作为唯一营养来源的患者与首次开始肠内营养(EN)或肠外营养(PN)的患者在住院期间(重症监护病房住院期间和住院后)的特征和营养过程:方法:对澳大利亚或新西兰(ANZ)44 家医院的常规营养护理进行多中心观察研究,包括入住 ICU 至少 48 小时的成年患者。将接受口服营养作为唯一营养来源(无论是否有口服营养补充剂)的患者纳入 "口服营养 "组,将在 ICU 首次接受肠内营养和/或肠外营养的患者纳入 "肠内营养/肠外营养组"。主要结果是重症监护室每日能量供给中位数。数据以人数(%)或中位数[四分位距]表示:在登记的 409 名患者中,中位数[IQR]年龄为 64 [51-74] 岁,257 名患者(62%)为男性。与接受 EN/PN 的患者(209 人)相比,接受口服营养的患者(200 人)的 APACHE II 评分、有创通气使用率和住院时间(LOS)均较低。在重症监护室,63 例(31.5%)和 169 例(81%)(P与首先接受 EN/PN 的患者相比,在 ICU 以口服营养作为唯一营养来源的患者的病情严重程度、营养评估率和口服营养补充剂的提供率均较低。重症监护室和病房中所有患者的口服营养定量往往不完整。
{"title":"Nutrition delivery during hospitalisation after critical illness in Australia and New Zealand: a multicentre, prospective observational study","authors":"Emma J. Ridley,&nbsp;Kate Ainscough,&nbsp;Michael Bailey,&nbsp;Rebecca Baskett,&nbsp;Allison Bone,&nbsp;Lewis Campbell,&nbsp;Eleanor Capel,&nbsp;Lee-anne Chapple,&nbsp;Andrew Cheng,&nbsp;Adam M. Deane,&nbsp;Ra'eesa Doola,&nbsp;Suzie Ferrie,&nbsp;Kate Fetterplace,&nbsp;Eileen Gilder,&nbsp;Alisa M. Higgins,&nbsp;Carol L. Hodgson,&nbsp;Victoria King,&nbsp;Andrea P. Marshall,&nbsp;Alistair Nichol,&nbsp;Sandra Peake,&nbsp;Mahesh Ramanan,&nbsp;Ary Serpa Neto,&nbsp;Andrew Udy,&nbsp;Patricia Williams,&nbsp;Jacinta Winderlich,&nbsp;Paul J. Young,&nbsp;NUTRIENT Study Investigators and ANZICS Clinical Trials Group","doi":"10.1111/jhn.13385","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.13385","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Energy and protein provision for critically ill patients who receive oral nutrition often falls below recommended targets. We compared characteristics and nutrition processes during hospital stay (within and post-intensive care unit [ICU] stay) of those who received oral nutrition as the sole nutrition source to those who first commenced enteral (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN) within an Australian or New Zealand (ANZ) ICU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multicentre, observational study of routine nutrition care in 44 hospitals across ANZ, including adult patients within ICU admitted for at least 48 h. Those receiving oral nutrition as the sole source of nutrition (with or without oral nutrition supplements) were included in the ‘oral nutrition’ group and those who first received EN and/or PN in the ICU as the ‘EN/PN group’. The primary outcome was median daily energy delivery in ICU. Data are presented as number (%) or median [interquartile range].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 409 patients enroled, median [IQR] age was 64 [51–74] years and 257 patients (62%) were male. APACHE II score, use of invasive ventilation and hospital length of stay (LOS) were all lower in those receiving oral nutrition (<i>n</i> = 200) compared to those receiving EN/PN (<i>n</i> = 209). In ICU, 63 (31.5%) and 169 (81%) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), patients who were receiving oral nutrition and in the EN/PN group received a nutrition assessment, respectively. Oral nutrition supplements were provided for 40 (20%) patients in the oral nutrition group and 31 of 94 (33%) of those receiving oral nutrition in the EN/PN group (<i>p</i> = 0.019). Energy and protein intake in ICU for the oral nutrition group was 716 [597–1069] kcal/day and 37 [19–46] g/day versus 1158 [664–1583] kcal/day and 57 [31–77] g/day for those receiving EN/PN (<i>p</i> = 0.020 energy, <i>p</i> = 0.016 protein). Quantification of oral nutrition was attempted in 78/294 (27%) patients in ICU and completed on 27/78 (36%) occasions. On the ward, attempts were made for 120/273 (44%) patients, with 60/120 (50%) complete.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients who received oral nutrition as the sole nutrition source in ICU had lower illness severity, rates of nutrition assessment and provision of oral supplements compared to those who first received EN/PN. Quantification of oral nutrition was often incomplete for all patients in ICU and on the ward.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Workforce development in private practice dietetics: experiences and perceptions of experienced practitioners 私人执业营养师队伍发展:经验丰富的从业人员的经历和看法。
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13397
Jennifer Donnelly, Louisa Walsh, Rebecca Lane, Roger Hughes

Background

Changes in Australian health policies and public funding models have increased the demand for private dietetics services over the past two decades. Limited available workforce data indicate that over half of the Australian dietetics workforce works in private practice at some level, with approximately 30%–50% of dietitians now entering private practice as new graduates. These changes in the sector have implications for dietetics workforce development. The present study aimed to explore private practice dietitians' perceptions and experiences about workforce development needed to successfully work as a private practice dietitian.

Methods

Australian private practice dietitians were purposively sampled for participation in semistructured interviews on their experiences of, and perceptions about, workforce development needs for successful private practice. Data were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis methods.

Results

Sixteen dietitians participated. Twenty-seven themes emerged across seven constructs spanning pathways to practice, the work of private practitioners, workforce preparation, competency development, placements, competency requirements and challenges.

Conclusions

Experienced private practice dietitians offer critical insights into the workforce development needs and challenges of the sector. Study participants indicated that their preparation for private practice was suboptimal and they have endured many challenges during their careers. This study highlights the need for a strategic approach to workforce development for private practice, including further research into the preparation and needs of this evolving area.

背景:过去二十年来,澳大利亚卫生政策和公共资助模式的变化增加了对私人营养学服务的需求。有限的劳动力数据表明,澳大利亚一半以上的营养学劳动力在某种程度上从事私人执业,约有 30%-50% 的营养师现在是作为新毕业生进入私人执业的。该行业的这些变化对营养师队伍的发展产生了影响。本研究旨在探讨私人执业营养师对成功担任私人执业营养师所需的劳动力发展的看法和经验:方法:有目的性地抽取澳大利亚私人执业营养师参加半结构式访谈,了解他们对成功从事私人执业所需的劳动力发展的经验和看法。采用定性主题分析方法对数据进行分析:16 名营养师参加了访谈。结果:16 名营养师参加了此次调查,调查中出现了 27 个主题,涵盖从业途径、私人从业者的工作、劳动力准备、能力发展、实习、能力要求和挑战等七个方面:经验丰富的私人执业营养师为该行业的劳动力发展需求和挑战提供了重要见解。研究参与者表示,他们为私人执业所做的准备并不理想,而且在职业生涯中经受了许多挑战。这项研究强调,有必要为私人执业营养师队伍的发展制定战略方针,包括进一步研究这一不断发展的领域的准备情况和需求。
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引用次数: 0
Consolidating the evidence on the effectiveness of strategies to promote vegetable intake in priority settings: An overview of systematic reviews 整合优先环境下促进蔬菜摄入量策略有效性的证据:系统回顾综述。
IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13398
Paige G. Brooker, Astrid A. M. Poelman, Katherine M. Livingstone, Clare E. Collins, Seema Mihrshahi, Ros Sambell, Jason H. Y. Wu, Gilly A. Hendrie

Background

Effective interventions to increase vegetable intake are urgently needed. This systematic rapid review aimed to summarise the effectiveness of interventions targeting increased vegetable intakes across diverse settings.

Methodology

The review was guided by the conduct of rapid reviews from the Cochrane Handbook. The literature was searched in February 2024 across PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Central for systematic review articles published since 2014. The Risk of Bias In Systematic Reviews tool was used and characteristics of reviews synthesised narratively with intervention effectiveness results were summarised.

Results

A total of 20 systematic reviews met the eligibility criteria. Most targeted school-based settings (n = 7) or community/home-based settings (n = 4). Early childhood education and workplaces had one review each, with none in retail, secondary or tertiary education, food service, food relief or aged care. The mean change in vegetable consumption was +0.12 serves per day, with increases of up to +0.42 serves reported (range −0.09 to +0.42). By setting, the largest increases were reported for interventions in school settings (+0.42 serves/day), followed by home (+0.38 serves/day). Almost half the studies reporting effect sizes suggested no effect on intake (46%), 41% suggested a small effect and 13% suggested a medium effect. Greater effect sizes were achieved in interventions implemented across multiple settings.

Conclusions

Review findings indicate that the average increase in vegetable intake following interventions is about one-eighth of a serve but up to almost half a serve in some settings. An increase of this magnitude could have a substantial population impact, particularly in population groups with persistently low intakes.

背景:增加蔬菜摄入量的有效干预措施迫在眉睫。本系统性快速综述旨在总结不同环境下以增加蔬菜摄入量为目标的干预措施的有效性:本综述以 Cochrane 手册中的快速综述为指导。2024 年 2 月,在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Central 上检索了 2014 年以来发表的系统综述文章。使用了 "系统性综述中的偏倚风险 "工具,并总结了以叙事方式综合干预效果结果的综述特征:共有 20 篇系统综述符合资格标准。大多数综述针对的是以学校为基础的环境(7 篇)或以社区/家庭为基础的环境(4 篇)。幼儿教育和工作场所各有一篇综述,零售、中等或高等教育、餐饮服务、食品救济或老年护理领域没有综述。蔬菜消费量的平均变化为每天+0.12份,据报道最多增加了+0.42份(范围为-0.09至+0.42)。从环境来看,在学校环境中采取干预措施的增幅最大(+0.42 份/天),其次是家庭(+0.38 份/天)。在报告效果大小的研究中,几乎有一半认为对摄入量没有影响(46%),41%认为影响较小,13%认为影响中等。在多种环境下实施的干预措施取得的效果更大:综述结果表明,采取干预措施后,蔬菜摄入量平均增加约八分之一份,但在某些情况下,蔬菜摄入量几乎增加了一半。这种幅度的增加可能会对人口产生重大影响,特别是在摄入量持续偏低的人群中。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
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