B. Ghomeshi, L. McPhee, O. Morello, M. Ismail, M. Kebbe, J. O. Totosy de Zepetnek
Introduction
The purpose of the present study was to assess dietary intakes of Canadian non-elite middle-aged endurance athletes and explore potential sex differences.
Methods
Non-consecutive 3-day food intake records (FIR) were analyzed using Cronometer. Intakes were compared to dietary reference intakes (DRIs), acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs), and sports nutrition guidelines when available. Dietary intakes, including the proportion of males versus females meeting recommendations for each nutrient, were assessed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and/or Fisher's exact test.
Results
A total of n = 44 (28 M/16 F) middle-aged endurance athletes completed the study (age = 50.4 ± 7.2 years, BMI = 23.6 ± 3.2 kg/m2, moderate-vigorous activity [MVA] = 627.0 ± 3.2 min/week). All athletes met recommendations for protein (PRO), but not carbohydrates (CHO; 20.5% met sport nutrition guidelines) or fat (FAT; 54.5% exceeded AMDRs), with no differences between males and females. Athletes did not meet the recommended intakes for vitamin D (4.5% [38.6% with supplementation]), vitamin E (34.1% [47.7% with supplementation]), potassium (15.9%), calcium (50.0% [61.4% with supplementation]), or magnesium (65.9% [78.0% with supplementation]), and exceed the recommended intake of sodium (70.5% exceeded DRI). Females were more likely than males to have intakes below the DRIs for several vitamins and minerals, however many of these differences disappeared when supplement use was considered.
Conclusion
Middle-aged athletes require diets that not only support physical performance but also promote healthy aging. Findings in the present study indicate that Canadian non-elite middle-aged endurance athletes are not meeting recommended intakes of CHO, FAT, and many micronutrients; improving adherence to recommended intakes may help these athletes achieve optimal performance, taking into consideration age- and sex-related physiological changes. Future directions should investigate longitudinal dietary intake among middle-aged endurance athletes, as well as dietary intake based on menopausal stage.
{"title":"Dietary Intake of Canadian Middle-Aged Endurance Athletes","authors":"B. Ghomeshi, L. McPhee, O. Morello, M. Ismail, M. Kebbe, J. O. Totosy de Zepetnek","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of the present study was to assess dietary intakes of Canadian non-elite middle-aged endurance athletes and explore potential sex differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-consecutive 3-day food intake records (FIR) were analyzed using Cronometer. Intakes were compared to dietary reference intakes (DRIs), acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs), and sports nutrition guidelines when available. Dietary intakes, including the proportion of males versus females meeting recommendations for each nutrient, were assessed using descriptive statistics, independent <i>t</i>-tests, and/or Fisher's exact test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of <i>n</i> = 44 (28 M/16 F) middle-aged endurance athletes completed the study (age = 50.4 ± 7.2 years, BMI = 23.6 ± 3.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, moderate-vigorous activity [MVA] = 627.0 ± 3.2 min/week). All athletes met recommendations for protein (PRO), but not carbohydrates (CHO; 20.5% met sport nutrition guidelines) or fat (FAT; 54.5% exceeded AMDRs), with no differences between males and females. Athletes did not meet the recommended intakes for vitamin D (4.5% [38.6% with supplementation]), vitamin E (34.1% [47.7% with supplementation]), potassium (15.9%), calcium (50.0% [61.4% with supplementation]), or magnesium (65.9% [78.0% with supplementation]), and exceed the recommended intake of sodium (70.5% exceeded DRI). Females were more likely than males to have intakes below the DRIs for several vitamins and minerals, however many of these differences disappeared when supplement use was considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Middle-aged athletes require diets that not only support physical performance but also promote healthy aging. Findings in the present study indicate that Canadian non-elite middle-aged endurance athletes are not meeting recommended intakes of CHO, FAT, and many micronutrients; improving adherence to recommended intakes may help these athletes achieve optimal performance, taking into consideration age- and sex-related physiological changes. Future directions should investigate longitudinal dietary intake among middle-aged endurance athletes, as well as dietary intake based on menopausal stage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12740459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition science and nutrition-related programme graduates possess extensive knowledge, practical skills, and effective communication, but the transition from academic training to professional practice can be challenging. The study aimed to explore the factors influencing employability of Irish nutrition graduates.
Methods
In-depth semi-structured, recorded interviews were conducted with 42 nutrition graduates from across nine universities in Ireland who had completed a nutrition science degree between 2015 and 2021. Interpretivism guided this study, which endeavoured to co-construct meaning with participants. Transcribed interviews were narratively analysed, whereby data were coded, categorised and discussed by all authors. The data were further mapped against CareerEDGE model by deductively coding against the model components (experience, degree, generic skills, emotional intelligence, career development learning, and reflection and evaluation).
Results
All components of the CareerEDGE model were identified in the data. Experience, degree, and generic skills were recognised as the components with the greatest impact on job outcomes and performance. All participants referenced both work and life experience as an influential factor in their journey to employment, providing exposure to different workplace environments and opportunities for skills development.
Conclusion
Irish nutrition science graduates acknowledged the significance of experience, degree knowledge, and generic skills in employability. Further research is needed to improve career development opportunities and support, emotional intelligence, and resilience in nutrition science education.
{"title":"Employability of Irish Nutrition Science Graduates–A Qualitative Exploration of Graduates' Experiences and Perceptions","authors":"Sarah O'Donovan, Lisa Ryan","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nutrition science and nutrition-related programme graduates possess extensive knowledge, practical skills, and effective communication, but the transition from academic training to professional practice can be challenging. The study aimed to explore the factors influencing employability of Irish nutrition graduates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In-depth semi-structured, recorded interviews were conducted with 42 nutrition graduates from across nine universities in Ireland who had completed a nutrition science degree between 2015 and 2021. Interpretivism guided this study, which endeavoured to co-construct meaning with participants. Transcribed interviews were narratively analysed, whereby data were coded, categorised and discussed by all authors. The data were further mapped against CareerEDGE model by deductively coding against the model components (experience, degree, generic skills, emotional intelligence, career development learning, and reflection and evaluation).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All components of the CareerEDGE model were identified in the data. Experience, degree, and generic skills were recognised as the components with the greatest impact on job outcomes and performance. All participants referenced both work and life experience as an influential factor in their journey to employment, providing exposure to different workplace environments and opportunities for skills development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irish nutrition science graduates acknowledged the significance of experience, degree knowledge, and generic skills in employability. Further research is needed to improve career development opportunities and support, emotional intelligence, and resilience in nutrition science education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Zinga, Paul Agius, Paige van der Pligt, Fiona McKay
Introduction
Food insecurity during pregnancy has wide-reaching and deleterious impacts on the health of mothers and their offspring. Healthcare-based responses to food insecurity may advance health equity for this priority population group. This study aimed to examine the relationship between women's food security status, socioeconomic characteristics, and their expectations and comfort with the management of food insecurity during pregnancy.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine pregnant women's views on food insecurity screening and support within antenatal care. Data were collected using a self-administered, 27-item questionnaire distributed to pregnant women attending antenatal appointments at a large metropolitan maternity hospital in Australia. The survey included items assessing demographic characteristics, food security status, and participants' expectations of and comfort with food insecurity screening and related support. Logistic regression analyses with interaction terms assessed the moderating effects of food security status on the associations between demographic factors and women's expectations and comfort with food insecurity screening and support.
Results
A total of 401 surveys were analysed. Food secure women had 50% lower odds than food insecure women of expecting to be screened (OR = 0.50; 95%CI 0.32, 0.77, p = 0.002). For food insecure women, income above $AUD120,000 was associated with significantly lower odds of feeling comfortable with being offered support (OR = 0.32), whilst for food secure women, higher income increased the odds (OR = 1.38) of feeling comfortable with being offered support (OR = 0.32, Wald χ2(1) = 5.34, p = 0.021). Food insecure women would prefer not to initiate self-disclosure of food insecurity but favoured a trusted clinician to guide assessment of their food security status.
Conclusions
Antenatal healthcare settings must urgently integrate universal food insecurity screening and provide tailored support for food insecure pregnant women. Providing holistic antenatal healthcare that incorporates a food insecurity response will advance health equity during this critical life stage and ensure all women receive comprehensive, dignified healthcare that optimises their health and that of their offspring.
{"title":"Food Insecure Pregnant Women Expect and Are Comfortable With Food Insecurity Screening and Support Within Routine Antenatal Healthcare: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Julia Zinga, Paul Agius, Paige van der Pligt, Fiona McKay","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food insecurity during pregnancy has wide-reaching and deleterious impacts on the health of mothers and their offspring. Healthcare-based responses to food insecurity may advance health equity for this priority population group. This study aimed to examine the relationship between women's food security status, socioeconomic characteristics, and their expectations and comfort with the management of food insecurity during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine pregnant women's views on food insecurity screening and support within antenatal care. Data were collected using a self-administered, 27-item questionnaire distributed to pregnant women attending antenatal appointments at a large metropolitan maternity hospital in Australia. The survey included items assessing demographic characteristics, food security status, and participants' expectations of and comfort with food insecurity screening and related support. Logistic regression analyses with interaction terms assessed the moderating effects of food security status on the associations between demographic factors and women's expectations and comfort with food insecurity screening and support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 401 surveys were analysed. Food secure women had 50% lower odds than food insecure women of expecting to be screened (OR = 0.50; 95%CI 0.32, 0.77, <i>p</i> = 0.002). For food insecure women, income above $AUD120,000 was associated with significantly lower odds of feeling comfortable with being offered support (OR = 0.32), whilst for food secure women, higher income increased the odds (OR = 1.38) of feeling comfortable with being offered support (OR = 0.32, Wald χ<sup>2</sup>(1) = 5.34, <i>p</i> = 0.021). Food insecure women would prefer not to initiate self-disclosure of food insecurity but favoured a trusted clinician to guide assessment of their food security status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antenatal healthcare settings must urgently integrate universal food insecurity screening and provide tailored support for food insecure pregnant women. Providing holistic antenatal healthcare that incorporates a food insecurity response will advance health equity during this critical life stage and ensure all women receive comprehensive, dignified healthcare that optimises their health and that of their offspring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong Feng, Yi Li, Yuanyuan Liu, Chunfang Zeng, Yinhe Feng
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health issue, with diet emerging as a modifiable factor affecting its progression. This study examines the combined impact of dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015, HEI-2015) and dietary inflammatory potential (Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII) on all-cause mortality in COPD patients.
Methods
Data from 1,374 COPD patients (NHANES 2007–2018) were analyzed, with COPD identified via spirometry, self-reports, or medication records. Dietary intake from two 24-h recalls was used to calculate HEI-2015 and DII scores. Patients were grouped by median HEI-2015 (> 52.88) and DII (≤ 1.73) values. Cox regression models assessed mortality associations, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression identified key dietary predictors, and a nomogram was developed for risk stratification.
Results
Patients with high HEI-2015 and low DII scores had a 27% lower mortality risk (HR: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.60–0.89], p-trend = 0.002) compared to those with poor diet quality and high inflammatory potential. Higher HEI-2015 scores were linked to a 28% reduced mortality risk (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.56–0.92], p-trend = 0.003), while DII alone was not significant (p-trend = 0.098). Stronger effects were seen in older adults, males, Non-Hispanic Whites, former smokers, mild drinkers, and hypertensive patients. LASSO identified factors such as vegetables, whole fruits, and grains as key predictors, included in a nomogram (AUC: 0.62–0.65). Sensitivity analyses confirmed a 20% risk reduction (HR: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.66–0.97]).
Conclusion
A high-quality, anti-inflammatory diet reduces mortality risk in COPD patients, offering actionable dietary targets and a nomogram for personalized risk assessment.
{"title":"Synergistic Effects of HEI-2015 and DII on Survival Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"Tong Feng, Yi Li, Yuanyuan Liu, Chunfang Zeng, Yinhe Feng","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health issue, with diet emerging as a modifiable factor affecting its progression. This study examines the combined impact of dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015, HEI-2015) and dietary inflammatory potential (Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII) on all-cause mortality in COPD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 1,374 COPD patients (NHANES 2007–2018) were analyzed, with COPD identified via spirometry, self-reports, or medication records. Dietary intake from two 24-h recalls was used to calculate HEI-2015 and DII scores. Patients were grouped by median HEI-2015 (> 52.88) and DII (≤ 1.73) values. Cox regression models assessed mortality associations, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression identified key dietary predictors, and a nomogram was developed for risk stratification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with high HEI-2015 and low DII scores had a 27% lower mortality risk (HR: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.60–0.89], <i>p</i>-trend = 0.002) compared to those with poor diet quality and high inflammatory potential. Higher HEI-2015 scores were linked to a 28% reduced mortality risk (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.56–0.92], <i>p</i>-trend = 0.003), while DII alone was not significant (<i>p</i>-trend = 0.098). Stronger effects were seen in older adults, males, Non-Hispanic Whites, former smokers, mild drinkers, and hypertensive patients. LASSO identified factors such as vegetables, whole fruits, and grains as key predictors, included in a nomogram (AUC: 0.62–0.65). Sensitivity analyses confirmed a 20% risk reduction (HR: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.66–0.97]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A high-quality, anti-inflammatory diet reduces mortality risk in COPD patients, offering actionable dietary targets and a nomogram for personalized risk assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nenette A. Cáceres, Felicia L. Steger, Sarah-Jeanne Salvy, Humaira Jamshed, Amy H. Warriner, Corby K. Martin, Courtney M. Peterson
Background
Adherence to time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting, is typically high. However, the social, psychological, and environmental factors influencing adherence are unknown. Herein, we examined factors affecting participants' adherence to early TRE (eTRE) relative to a control schedule and whether they intended to continue practicing TRE after the intervention.
Methods
Ninety adults with obesity were enroled in a weight management programme and randomised to either an eTRE (8-h eating window from 07:00 to 15:00) or a control schedule (≥ 12-h eating window) for 14 weeks. Seventy-one participants (eTRE: n = 34, Control: n = 37) completed exit interviews exploring facilitators and barriers to adherence. Data were evaluated using thematic analysis.
Results
Perceived health benefits, meal planning, reminders, and accountability promoted adherence to the prescribed meal timing interventions. Social relationships, break days, and unstructured or variable routines, particularly on weekends, served as facilitators or barriers, depending on the participant. Disruptions in family and social life were barriers. Most eTRE participants intended to continue practicing TRE after the study concluded, with modifications to better suit their individual circumstances.
Conclusions
Planning meals in advance, setting reminders for when to eat, focusing on health benefits, and accountability help people adhere to eTRE. Strategies to promote adherence should be personalised and address irregular routines, as well as potential challenges to family and social life. Allowing some flexibility in meal timing schedules may also promote long-term sustainability.
{"title":"A Qualitative Exploration of Facilitators and Barriers to Early Time-Restricted Eating: Insights From a Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Nenette A. Cáceres, Felicia L. Steger, Sarah-Jeanne Salvy, Humaira Jamshed, Amy H. Warriner, Corby K. Martin, Courtney M. Peterson","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adherence to time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting, is typically high. However, the social, psychological, and environmental factors influencing adherence are unknown. Herein, we examined factors affecting participants' adherence to early TRE (eTRE) relative to a control schedule and whether they intended to continue practicing TRE after the intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety adults with obesity were enroled in a weight management programme and randomised to either an eTRE (8-h eating window from 07:00 to 15:00) or a control schedule (≥ 12-h eating window) for 14 weeks. Seventy-one participants (eTRE<i>: n</i> = 34, Control: <i>n</i> = 37) completed exit interviews exploring facilitators and barriers to adherence. Data were evaluated using thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perceived health benefits, meal planning, reminders, and accountability promoted adherence to the prescribed meal timing interventions. Social relationships, break days, and unstructured or variable routines, particularly on weekends, served as facilitators or barriers, depending on the participant. Disruptions in family and social life were barriers. Most eTRE participants intended to continue practicing TRE after the study concluded, with modifications to better suit their individual circumstances.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Planning meals in advance, setting reminders for when to eat, focusing on health benefits, and accountability help people adhere to eTRE. Strategies to promote adherence should be personalised and address irregular routines, as well as potential challenges to family and social life. Allowing some flexibility in meal timing schedules may also promote long-term sustainability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghil Schwarz, Angelo Cascio Rizzo, Guglielmo Carlo Pero, Francesca Poggetti, Andrea Magi, Simone Bellavia, Antonella Gatti, Mariangela Piano, Elio Clemente Agostoni, Maria Sessa
Background and Aims
Malnutrition is common in older adults but poorly studied in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This study assesses the prevalence of malnutrition risk at Stroke Unit admission, related clinical factors, and its impact on EVT outcomes, functional status and 90-day mortality.
Methods
Retrospective single-centre study on consecutive EVT-treated AIS patients (2021–2024). Malnutrition risk was assessed using the GNRI ([1.489 × serum albumin g/L] + [41.7 × current/ideal body weight]). For the primary analyses, patients with GNRI ≤ 98 were classified as at risk of malnutrition (RoM+); secondary analyses further stratified moderate-to-severe risk (GNRI < 92). Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with RoM+ and to evaluate its impact on (1) EVT performance measures, (2) 90-day mRS and (3) 90-day mortality. Multivariable models included variables with p < 0.10 in univariate testing, and the robustness of outcome analyses was assessed through sensitivity models including predefined clinically relevant covariates.
Results
Among 306 patients, 43.8% were classified as RoM+, including 24.5% with moderate-to-severe nutritional risk. In the multivariable model, RoM+ was independently associated with older age (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.06), higher pre-stroke disability (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.95) and a lower prevalence of dyslipidemia (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35–0.97) and was not associated with EVT efficacy or safety. RoM+ was independently associated with increased 90-day mortality (aOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.06–5.28), while the association with functional outcome did not reach statistical significance (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 0.98–2.55). Secondary analyses using GNRI severity strata and predefined sensitivity models showed consistent results.
Conclusion
At admission, ~44% of EVT-treated AIS patients are at risk of malnutrition, which independently predicted 90-day mortality. Pre-stroke nutritional status may represent a modifiable prognostic factor in stroke care and warrants further prospective investigation.
背景和目的：营养不良在老年人中很常见，但在血管内取栓（EVT）治疗的急性缺血性卒中（AIS）患者中研究甚少。本研究评估了卒中单元入院时营养不良风险的患病率、相关临床因素及其对EVT结果、功能状态和90天死亡率的影响。方法：对连续evt治疗的AIS患者（2021-2024）进行回顾性单中心研究。采用GNRI （[1.489 ×血清白蛋白g/L] + [41.7 ×当前/理想体重]）评估营养不良风险。在初步分析中，GNRI≤98的患者被归类为营养不良风险（RoM+）；结果：306例患者中，43.8%为RoM+，其中24.5%为中至重度营养风险。在多变量模型中，RoM+与年龄较大（aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06）、较高的卒中前残疾（aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12-1.95）和较低的血脂异常患病率（aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-0.97）独立相关，与EVT的疗效或安全性无关。RoM+与90天死亡率增加独立相关（aOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.06-5.28），而与功能结局的关联无统计学意义（aOR 1.58, 95% CI 0.98-2.55）。利用GNRI严重性层和预定义敏感性模型进行的二次分析结果一致。结论：入院时，约44% evt治疗的AIS患者存在营养不良风险，这独立预测了90天死亡率。卒中前营养状况可能是卒中护理中可改变的预后因素，值得进一步的前瞻性研究。
{"title":"Risk of Pre-Stroke Malnutrition Predicts Mortality in Ischaemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy","authors":"Ghil Schwarz, Angelo Cascio Rizzo, Guglielmo Carlo Pero, Francesca Poggetti, Andrea Magi, Simone Bellavia, Antonella Gatti, Mariangela Piano, Elio Clemente Agostoni, Maria Sessa","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malnutrition is common in older adults but poorly studied in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This study assesses the prevalence of malnutrition risk at Stroke Unit admission, related clinical factors, and its impact on EVT outcomes, functional status and 90-day mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective single-centre study on consecutive EVT-treated AIS patients (2021–2024). Malnutrition risk was assessed using the GNRI ([1.489 × serum albumin g/L] + [41.7 × current/ideal body weight]). For the primary analyses, patients with GNRI ≤ 98 were classified as at risk of malnutrition (RoM+); secondary analyses further stratified moderate-to-severe risk (GNRI < 92). Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with RoM+ and to evaluate its impact on (1) EVT performance measures, (2) 90-day mRS and (3) 90-day mortality. Multivariable models included variables with <i>p</i> < 0.10 in univariate testing, and the robustness of outcome analyses was assessed through sensitivity models including predefined clinically relevant covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 306 patients, 43.8% were classified as RoM+, including 24.5% with moderate-to-severe nutritional risk. In the multivariable model, RoM+ was independently associated with older age (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.06), higher pre-stroke disability (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.95) and a lower prevalence of dyslipidemia (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35–0.97) and was not associated with EVT efficacy or safety. RoM+ was independently associated with increased 90-day mortality (aOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.06–5.28), while the association with functional outcome did not reach statistical significance (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 0.98–2.55). Secondary analyses using GNRI severity strata and predefined sensitivity models showed consistent results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At admission, ~44% of EVT-treated AIS patients are at risk of malnutrition, which independently predicted 90-day mortality. Pre-stroke nutritional status may represent a modifiable prognostic factor in stroke care and warrants further prospective investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12712263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa de Lima Soares, Giovana Longo-Silva, Márcia de Oliveira Lima, Júlia Souza de Melo, Vanessa Sá Leal, Risia Cristina Egito de Menezes
Objective
To explore the direct and indirect pathways from evening diet high in ultra-processed foods, caffeine and/or alcohol to sleep quality, including the roles of evening latency and individual factors.
Methods
The participants (n = 2050; 18–65 y) were part of a virtual population-based study. Sleep quality was assessed using a composite score incorporating sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings, sleep latency, insomnia and self-reported sleep quality, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. A structural equation model was used to test the direct and indirect effects of an evening diet high in ultra-processed foods, caffeine and/or alcohol (sleep-disturbing diet), evening latency (time between the last eating event and sleep onset), screen time before bedtime, age, physical activity, marital status and body mass index (BMI) on sleep quality score.
Results
For the direct effect, an increase in the sleep quality score was observed for an evening sleep-disturbing diet (DE: 0.189; 95% CI 0.14; 0.24; p < 0.001), age (DE: 0.007; 95% CI 0.00; 0.01; p < 0.001), BMI (DE: 0.013; 95% CI 0.01; 0.02; p < 0.001) and screen use before bedtime (DE: 0.001; 95% CI 0.00; 0.00; p < 0.001). An evening latency ≤ 2 h showed a decrease in sleep quality scores (DE: −0.126; 95% CI −0.17; −0.08; p < 0.001), an effect attenuated by the negative association mediated by the indirect effect by evening sleep-disturbing diet (IE: 0.013; 95% CI: 0.00; 0.02; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
By demonstrating that a shorter evening latency—especially sleep-disturbing diet—along with longer screen exposure before bed and higher BMI, was negatively associated with sleep quality, our findings suggest that reducing such food intake, managing screen time, particularly close to bedtime, and maintaining a healthy BMI to enhance sleep quality.
目的：探讨高超加工食品、咖啡因和/或酒精的夜间饮食对睡眠质量的直接和间接影响，包括夜间潜伏期和个体因素的作用。方法：参与者（n = 2050； 18-65岁）是虚拟人群研究的一部分。睡眠质量的评估采用综合评分，包括睡眠时间、夜间觉醒、睡眠潜伏期、失眠和自我报告的睡眠质量，得分越高表明睡眠质量越差。使用结构方程模型来测试夜间饮食中含有大量超加工食品、咖啡因和/或酒精（睡眠干扰饮食）、夜间潜伏期（最后一次进食和睡眠开始之间的时间）、睡前看屏幕时间、年龄、身体活动、婚姻状况和体重指数（BMI）对睡眠质量评分的直接和间接影响。结果：对于直接影响，观察到夜间睡眠干扰饮食增加了睡眠质量评分(DE: 0.189; 95% CI 0.14; 0.24；p结论：通过证明较短的夜间潜伏期（尤其是干扰睡眠的饮食）以及睡前较长的屏幕暴露时间和较高的BMI与睡眠质量呈负相关，我们的研究结果表明，减少这类食物的摄入，管理屏幕时间，特别是接近就寝时间，保持健康的BMI可以提高睡眠质量。
{"title":"The Interplay Between Evening Latency and Sleep-Disturbing Diet on Sleep Quality Among Adults","authors":"Larissa de Lima Soares, Giovana Longo-Silva, Márcia de Oliveira Lima, Júlia Souza de Melo, Vanessa Sá Leal, Risia Cristina Egito de Menezes","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70176","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the direct and indirect pathways from evening diet high in ultra-processed foods, caffeine and/or alcohol to sleep quality, including the roles of evening latency and individual factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants (<i>n</i> = 2050; 18–65 y) were part of a virtual population-based study. Sleep quality was assessed using a composite score incorporating sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings, sleep latency, insomnia and self-reported sleep quality, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. A structural equation model was used to test the direct and indirect effects of an evening diet high in ultra-processed foods, caffeine and/or alcohol (sleep-disturbing diet), evening latency (time between the last eating event and sleep onset), screen time before bedtime, age, physical activity, marital status and body mass index (BMI) on sleep quality score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the direct effect, an increase in the sleep quality score was observed for an evening sleep-disturbing diet (DE: 0.189; 95% CI 0.14; 0.24; <i>p</i> < 0.001), age (DE: 0.007; 95% CI 0.00; 0.01; <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI (DE: 0.013; 95% CI 0.01; 0.02; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and screen use before bedtime (DE: 0.001; 95% CI 0.00; 0.00; <i>p</i> < 0.001). An evening latency ≤ 2 h showed a decrease in sleep quality scores (DE: −0.126; 95% CI −0.17; −0.08; <i>p</i> < 0.001), an effect attenuated by the negative association mediated by the indirect effect by evening sleep-disturbing diet (IE: 0.013; 95% CI: 0.00; 0.02; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By demonstrating that a shorter evening latency—especially sleep-disturbing diet—along with longer screen exposure before bed and higher BMI, was negatively associated with sleep quality, our findings suggest that reducing such food intake, managing screen time, particularly close to bedtime, and maintaining a healthy BMI to enhance sleep quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annemieke van de Riet, Rebecca S. Otte, Lotte Maree-Hulsbergen, Elke Naumann, Marian A. E. de van der Schueren, Harriët Jager-Wittenaar, the Dietetics Building the Future consortium
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Obesity is defined as a chronic, relapsing disease, characterised by its persistence and the frequent recurrence of weight gain following weight loss. It is linked to chronic diseases and reduced quality of life. Sustainable weight loss requires long-term dietary and behavioural changes. Dietetic treatment outcomes vary per patient, leading to differing success rates and effectiveness. Although understanding patient experiences is crucial for designing effective, patient-centered strategies, little is known about their lived experiences. This study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the perspectives and experiences of patients with obesity receiving dietetic treatment in primary health care in the Netherlands.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This qualitative interpretive study included 26 patients with obesity who were consulting or had consulted a dietitian. We performed purposeful sampling to ensure a sample diverse in socio-cultural background, region, age and health literacy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a predefined topic guide, with room for flexibility to explore emerging topics. We analysed the interview data using reflexive thematic analysis as described by Braun and Clarke.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Four interconnected themes were constructed from what patients named to be important in dietetic treatment: (1) personalised treatment as a foundation for success, including feeling heard and receiving responsive and adaptive treatment (2) the personal impact of the dietitian on treatment, through the dietitian's attitude, professionalism, and background; (3) a personalised and holistic approach for lasting change, including clarity about the dietitian's ways of working, motivational and emotional support, attention to life context and guidance in developing sustainable habits; and (4) tailored and accessible advice, focusing on practical tools, understandable information, and consistency of advice.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>This study highlights that successful dietetic treatment for adults with obesity depends on personalised support, a strong patient–dietitian relationship, and holistic attention to psychological and behavioural factors. Clear communication, involvement from the start, and practical, tailored advice help patients comply with treatment and apply recommendations in daily life. Findings emphasise the importance of aligning dietetic treatment with individual patient needs and expectations.</p>
{"title":"Perspectives and Experiences of Adult Patients With Obesity in Dietetic Primary Health Care: A Qualitative Study in the Netherlands","authors":"Annemieke van de Riet, Rebecca S. Otte, Lotte Maree-Hulsbergen, Elke Naumann, Marian A. E. de van der Schueren, Harriët Jager-Wittenaar, the Dietetics Building the Future consortium","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70179","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is defined as a chronic, relapsing disease, characterised by its persistence and the frequent recurrence of weight gain following weight loss. It is linked to chronic diseases and reduced quality of life. Sustainable weight loss requires long-term dietary and behavioural changes. Dietetic treatment outcomes vary per patient, leading to differing success rates and effectiveness. Although understanding patient experiences is crucial for designing effective, patient-centered strategies, little is known about their lived experiences. This study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the perspectives and experiences of patients with obesity receiving dietetic treatment in primary health care in the Netherlands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative interpretive study included 26 patients with obesity who were consulting or had consulted a dietitian. We performed purposeful sampling to ensure a sample diverse in socio-cultural background, region, age and health literacy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a predefined topic guide, with room for flexibility to explore emerging topics. We analysed the interview data using reflexive thematic analysis as described by Braun and Clarke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four interconnected themes were constructed from what patients named to be important in dietetic treatment: (1) personalised treatment as a foundation for success, including feeling heard and receiving responsive and adaptive treatment (2) the personal impact of the dietitian on treatment, through the dietitian's attitude, professionalism, and background; (3) a personalised and holistic approach for lasting change, including clarity about the dietitian's ways of working, motivational and emotional support, attention to life context and guidance in developing sustainable habits; and (4) tailored and accessible advice, focusing on practical tools, understandable information, and consistency of advice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights that successful dietetic treatment for adults with obesity depends on personalised support, a strong patient–dietitian relationship, and holistic attention to psychological and behavioural factors. Clear communication, involvement from the start, and practical, tailored advice help patients comply with treatment and apply recommendations in daily life. Findings emphasise the importance of aligning dietetic treatment with individual patient needs and expectations.</p>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12706137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity increases the risk of complications in colorectal cancer surgery. While preoperative very low calorie diet (VLCD) interventions may provide weight loss prior to various surgeries, no data on preoperative VLCD in colorectal cancer surgery exist. This retrospective cohort study therefore aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a dietitian-led preoperative VLCD clinic for adults with obesity prior to colorectal cancer surgery.
Methods
Patients who received the VLCD clinic intervention between 2017 and 2023 were matched 1:1 with adults who did not receive VLCD clinic intervention (controls). Primary outcome was efficacy, measured as ≥ 3% weight change from baseline to surgery. Secondary outcome was safety, measured via occurrence of adverse and serious adverse events during VLCD clinic intervention. Descriptive and clinical data were collected from medical charts. Chi-squared, Fisher's exact and nonparametric tests were used to compare data between groups.
Results
Thirteen VLCD and 13 controls were recruited (age (median(IQR) 63(59–69)years, 65% male). Baseline descriptors were similar, including planned surgical procedure, age and co-morbidities (p > 0.05). However, VLCD participants were ~9 kg heavier (median(IQR) 114.1(104.5–131.7)kg) at baseline than controls (p < 0.05). The VLCD group lost median 4.75 kg (3.8%) (p < 0.05), with 67% achieving ≥ 3% body weight loss from baseline to surgery (median(IQR) 30(18–47) days). No VLCD-related adverse events occurred. The VLCD and control groups experienced eight and 15 surgical complications, respectively.
Conclusion
A dietitian-led preoperative VLCD clinic intervention achieved weight loss and appears safe. This novel approach may be useful for the preoperative optimisation of colorectal cancer patients with obesity.
{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of a Preoperative Dietitian-Led Very Low Calorie Diet Clinic for Adults With Obesity for Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Rainbow Lai, Michelle Palmer, Ian Bloomfield, Vasant Rajan, Lynda Ross, Sally Griffin","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70178","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity increases the risk of complications in colorectal cancer surgery. While preoperative very low calorie diet (VLCD) interventions may provide weight loss prior to various surgeries, no data on preoperative VLCD in colorectal cancer surgery exist. This retrospective cohort study therefore aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a dietitian-led preoperative VLCD clinic for adults with obesity prior to colorectal cancer surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients who received the VLCD clinic intervention between 2017 and 2023 were matched 1:1 with adults who did not receive VLCD clinic intervention (controls). Primary outcome was efficacy, measured as ≥ 3% weight change from baseline to surgery. Secondary outcome was safety, measured via occurrence of adverse and serious adverse events during VLCD clinic intervention. Descriptive and clinical data were collected from medical charts. Chi-squared, Fisher's exact and nonparametric tests were used to compare data between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen VLCD and 13 controls were recruited (age (median(IQR) 63(59–69)years, 65% male). Baseline descriptors were similar, including planned surgical procedure, age and co-morbidities (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, VLCD participants were ~9 kg heavier (median(IQR) 114.1(104.5–131.7)kg) at baseline than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The VLCD group lost median 4.75 kg (3.8%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with 67% achieving ≥ 3% body weight loss from baseline to surgery (median(IQR) 30(18–47) days). No VLCD-related adverse events occurred. The VLCD and control groups experienced eight and 15 surgical complications, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dietitian-led preoperative VLCD clinic intervention achieved weight loss and appears safe. This novel approach may be useful for the preoperative optimisation of colorectal cancer patients with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition education is an essential component of undergraduate science curricula, yet traditional teaching methods may fall short in fostering student engagement and real-world application. Integrating dietary assessment activities into Food and Nutrition courses may promote active learning and enhance student engagement and practical skills.
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate student use and preferences for four dietary assessment tools: Food Record, Food Recall, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and MyFitnessPal, and to compare their estimates of calorie and macronutrient intake, based on recorded dietary data and student reflections.
Methods
A total of 78 students participated from three consecutive Fall semesters (2019–2021) as part of a structured course assignment. Each student used all four tools to record their dietary intake and provided feedback on usability and preferences. Caloric and macronutrient estimates (carbohydrates, fat, sugar and protein) were compared across tools. Only participants with complete data sets were included in the final analysis.
Results
Most students (82.1%) preferred MyFitnessPal for its ease of use and automated nutrient analysis. Additionally, 96.2% reported increased dietary awareness and expressed intent to improve their eating habits. Calorie intake estimates did not differ significantly between MyFitnessPal and Food Record. The FFQ significantly overestimated sugar intake (p < 0.01) and underestimated protein intake (p < 0.001) compared to MyFitnessPal.
Conclusion
This experiential activity engaged students in nutrition self-monitoring. MyFitnessPal was the preferred tool for its convenience and automated calculations. Incorporating dietary tracking into coursework may enhance student engagement, nutrition literacy and self-awareness among students.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Dietary Assessment Tools and Student Preferences: An Active Learning Activity in Undergraduate Nutrition Education","authors":"Jamshed Arslan, Laiba Zehra, Amber Talat, Humaira Jamshed","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nutrition education is an essential component of undergraduate science curricula, yet traditional teaching methods may fall short in fostering student engagement and real-world application. Integrating dietary assessment activities into Food and Nutrition courses may promote active learning and enhance student engagement and practical skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate student use and preferences for four dietary assessment tools: Food Record, Food Recall, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and MyFitnessPal, and to compare their estimates of calorie and macronutrient intake, based on recorded dietary data and student reflections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 78 students participated from three consecutive Fall semesters (2019–2021) as part of a structured course assignment. Each student used all four tools to record their dietary intake and provided feedback on usability and preferences. Caloric and macronutrient estimates (carbohydrates, fat, sugar and protein) were compared across tools. Only participants with complete data sets were included in the final analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most students (82.1%) preferred MyFitnessPal for its ease of use and automated nutrient analysis. Additionally, 96.2% reported increased dietary awareness and expressed intent to improve their eating habits. Calorie intake estimates did not differ significantly between MyFitnessPal and Food Record. The FFQ significantly overestimated sugar intake (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and underestimated protein intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to MyFitnessPal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This experiential activity engaged students in nutrition self-monitoring. MyFitnessPal was the preferred tool for its convenience and automated calculations. Incorporating dietary tracking into coursework may enhance student engagement, nutrition literacy and self-awareness among students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145709550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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