Journal of Electrostatics最新文献

英文中文

Detection of zero-value insulators in ±800 kV DC porcelain strings based on spatial electric field variation 基于空间电场变化的±800kv直流瓷串零值绝缘子检测

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104206

Zhijin Zhang , Hang Zhang , Xingliang Jiang , Chao Zhou , Rong Liu , Yutai Li

Accurate detection of zero-value insulators in transmission line porcelain insulator strings remains a challenging problem. The infrared imaging and harmonic electric field methods, which rely heavily on environmental conditions and multidimensional image processing. In this study, a full-scale coupled-field model was developed in COMSOL, to closely approximate the real operating environment of ±800 kV DC systems to detect zero-value. On this basis, a differential spatial electric field criterion was proposed, where the field intensity differences between adjacent insulator segments were extracted as features. These features were then cascaded with a probabilistic neural network (PNN) to enhance detection accuracy. The proposed electric field–based method requires only one-dimensional data for classification, thereby simplifying implementation and improving robustness for practical applications. The results show that the electric field curve at the zero-value insulator exhibits a pronounced “dip”, particularly under wet pollution conditions, while the electric field of adjacent normal insulators increases. Using this approach, the position of zero-value insulators in the string was identified with an accuracy of 96.3 %. This study adopts a simulation-based verification approach and has not yet completed field measurements and cross-calibration. In the future, scaled experiments and UAV-based line application tests will be conducted for validation.

输电线路瓷绝缘子串中零值绝缘子的准确检测一直是一个具有挑战性的问题。红外成像法和谐波电场法，很大程度上依赖于环境条件和多维图像处理。本研究在COMSOL中建立了一个全尺寸耦合场模型，以接近±800 kV直流系统的真实运行环境来检测零值。在此基础上，提出了一种空间电场微分判据，提取相邻绝缘子段之间的场强差作为特征。然后将这些特征与概率神经网络（PNN）级联以提高检测精度。本文提出的基于电场的方法只需要一维数据进行分类，从而简化了实现过程，提高了实际应用的鲁棒性。结果表明，零值绝缘子处的电场曲线呈现明显的“倾斜”，特别是在湿污染条件下，而相邻正常绝缘子处的电场曲线则增加。利用该方法，零值绝缘子在管柱中的位置识别准确率达到96.3%。本研究采用基于仿真的验证方法，尚未完成现场测量和交叉校准。在未来，将进行规模实验和基于无人机的在线应用测试以进行验证。

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引用次数: 0

Quadrupole moment of conducting toroids with known capacitance 电容已知的导电环的四极矩

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104207

John Lekner

A family of conducting toroidal surfaces, each carrying charge

Q

, and parametrized by two lengths

a, b

, was previously shown to have capacitance

a

, independent of

b

. The quadrupole moment of this family is here shown to be

- {Q b}^{2}

, independently of the value of

a

一组导电环面，每个带电荷Q，由两个长度A，b参数化，之前被证明具有与b无关的电容A。这一组的四极矩在这里被证明为- Qb2，与A的值无关。

引用次数: 0

Dipolar solvent corrections in nanopore electroosmotic flow with different surface electrostatic conditions 不同表面静电条件下纳米孔电渗透流动中的偶极溶剂修正

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104201

Pramodt Srinivasula

This work investigates the influence of electrostatic boundary conditions on electroosmotic flow (EOF) in nanochannels when dipolar solvent effects are incorporated through the Langevin–Bikerman (LB) framework, which extends the classical Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) theory by accounting for finite ion size and field-dependent dielectric saturation. In nanofluidic systems, boundary conditions are application-specific: fixed surface charge (FSC) conditions are relevant for functionalized membranes and porous media, whereas fixed surface potential (FSP) conditions describe modern voltage-gated nanopores in nanofluidic logic devices and biosensors. Comparisons show that the LB corrections to PB predictions differ fundamentally between the two cases: under FSP they enhance EOF, whereas under FSC they suppress it. The extent of corrections depend on the solvent dipole moment, channel dimensions, and salt concentration across parameter ranges relevant to nanofluidic applications. These findings demonstrate the critical importance of thermodynamically consistent boundary modeling for accurate nanoscale electrokinetic simulations and provide guidance for the design and interpretation of nanofluidic devices.

本文研究了当偶极溶剂效应通过Langevin-Bikerman （LB）框架纳入时，静电边界条件对纳米通道中电渗透流动（EOF）的影响，该框架通过考虑有限离子尺寸和场相关介电饱和度扩展了经典泊松-玻尔兹曼（PB）理论。在纳米流体系统中，边界条件是特定应用的：固定表面电荷（FSC）条件与功能化膜和多孔介质相关，而固定表面电位（FSP）条件描述了纳米流体逻辑器件和生物传感器中的现代电压门控纳米孔。比较表明，LB对PB预测的修正在两种情况下存在根本差异：在FSP下它们增强了EOF，而在FSC下它们抑制了EOF。修正的程度取决于溶剂偶极矩、通道尺寸和盐浓度在与纳米流体应用相关的参数范围内。这些发现证明了热力学一致的边界建模对于精确的纳米级电动力学模拟的重要性，并为纳米流体器件的设计和解释提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Electrostatic charge induction in a NaCl solution droplet by a cylindrical electrode 圆柱形电极对NaCl溶液液滴的静电电荷感应

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104203

Jiyoung Ko, Jiwon Jeong, Donghyeon Kim, Jongjin Lee

The induced voltage on droplets was measured as droplets of DI water and NaCl solution passed through a voltage-applied cylinder. Without an external electric field, ion addition to DI water generated extra induced charge. When NaCl solution was used, the induced voltage of the droplets increased under low humidity but decreased under high humidity compared to that of pure water. A threshold cylinder voltage was required to induce additional charge. At high humidity, application of high voltages to the cylinder led to an asymmetric response of the induced voltage depending on the polarity of the applied voltage.

液滴上的感应电压是用去离子水和NaCl溶液的液滴通过施加电压的圆柱体来测量的。在没有外加电场的情况下，离子加入到去离子水中会产生额外的感生电荷。在NaCl溶液中，与纯水相比，液滴的感应电压在低湿条件下升高，在高湿条件下降低。需要一个阈值圆柱电压来诱导额外的电荷。在高湿度条件下，对圆柱体施加高压会导致感应电压的不对称响应，这取决于施加电压的极性。

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on lightning attraction characteristics of wooden structures 木结构的雷电吸引特性试验研究

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104202

Jingqi Sun , Weining Chen , Dianhang Li , Shengxin Huang , Nianwen Xiang , Kejie Li , Jianwei Zheng , Youjing Lei , Zhaoyuan Song

The ancient architecture with wooden structures is vulnerable to lightning strike damage. Whether wooden structures have the same ability to initiate upward lightning leader discharges as modern structures is still unclear. To explore this question, experiments were conducted in the laboratory. The strong lightning background electric field was produced and the positive upward lightning leader discharges were simulated and observed. The results indicate that it’s difficult for the positive upward lightning leader to initiate on dry wooden structures under the strong background electric field. Keeping the wooden structures dry may be the key to protecting the wooden structures from lightning damage.

木结构古建筑易受雷击破坏。木结构是否具有与现代结构相同的能力来发起向上的闪电引线放电尚不清楚。为了探究这个问题，我们在实验室里进行了实验。产生了强雷电背景电场，模拟并观测了正向向上的雷锋放电。结果表明：在强背景电场作用下，正向向上的雷击头很难在干燥木结构上启动；保持木结构的干燥可能是保护木结构免受雷击破坏的关键。

引用次数: 0

Bipolar leader theory-based simulation analysis of aircraft lightning strike attachment zones 基于双极先导理论的飞机雷击附着区仿真分析

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104199

Zhiwei Chen , Xinjie Zhao , Nianwen Xiang , Shengxin Huang , Lijian Ding , Shenjian He , Shulai Wang , Chaoqun Wang , Zengwei Lyu

Lightning poses a significant threat to aviation safety, with aircraft-triggered strikes accounting for up to 90 % of incidents. Traditional models fail to predict lightning attachment zones, because they neglect the bipolar leader. This study develops a bipolar leader propagation model that incorporates potential bias effects for aircraft. Results demonstrate that the development of positive leader deposits negative charges on the aircraft surface, thereby impeding further leader development. Furthermore, the initiation sites of lightning leaders dynamically migrate along the aircraft surface in response to ambient electric field direction changes. This research provides a physics-based framework for enhanced lightning zoning methodologies.

闪电对航空安全构成重大威胁，飞机引发的闪电袭击占事故的90%。传统的模型无法预测闪电依恋区，因为它们忽略了两极的领导者。本研究建立了包含飞机潜在偏置效应的双极leader传播模型。结果表明，正先导体的发育在飞机表面沉积了负电荷，从而阻碍了先导体的进一步发育。此外，雷锋的起爆点会随环境电场方向的变化而沿飞机表面动态迁移。本研究为增强闪电分区方法提供了一个基于物理的框架。

引用次数: 0

Electrostatic Risk Assessment in Semi-quantitative Dust Hazard Analysis applied to polymer industries 聚合物工业半定量粉尘危害分析中的静电风险评估

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104193

Leonardo Michele Carluccio, Andrea Gritti

Electrostatic hazards present a significant safety concern in the polymer industry due to the wide variety of operations capable of generating substantial static charges, such as sieving, pneumatic conveying, and fluid bed drying. The handling of non-conductive powders, which are especially prone to charge accumulation through friction, separation, and contact with processing equipment. The evaluation, conducted within a semi-quantitative Dust Hazard Analysis (DHA) framework where a risk matrix is employed to systematically assess the explosion potential, provides a detailed examination of the electrostatic charge accumulation levels compared to the Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) of various polymer powders. Special attention is given to the effectiveness of different static discharge types, including brush discharges, propagating brush discharges, and spark discharges (including those generated by personnel). Mitigation strategies are explored, with a primary focus on grounding and bonding systems. Beyond these foundational measures, the study highlights additional critical strategies for managing electrostatic risks in polymer processing. These include the use of additives to enhance the conductivity of non-conductive powders, thereby reducing their tendency to accumulate charge, and the optimization of charge relaxation times to facilitate the safe dissipation of electrostatic charges and prevent hazardous discharges. The analysis also emphasizes the critical role of selecting and properly using the appropriate type of Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBCs), widely employed for powder collection, dust discharge, and sampling purposes. Specifically, Type C and Type D FIBCs, designed to mitigate electrostatic risks. Ultimately, the findings underscore the importance of tailoring risk mitigation measures to the specific electrostatic behaviours of each process, contributing to more effective safety frameworks and a safer working environment in the polymer processing industry.

静电危害在聚合物工业中是一个重要的安全问题，因为各种各样的操作都能产生大量的静电荷，如筛分、气动输送和流化床干燥。非导电粉末的处理，这些粉末特别容易通过摩擦、分离和与加工设备接触而积聚电荷。该评估是在半定量粉尘危害分析（DHA）框架内进行的，其中采用风险矩阵系统地评估爆炸潜力，提供了与各种聚合物粉末的最小点火能量（MIE）相比的静电电荷积累水平的详细检查。特别注意不同类型的静电放电的有效性，包括电刷放电、传播电刷放电和火花放电（包括人员产生的放电）。探讨了缓解策略，主要侧重于接地和连接系统。除了这些基本措施之外，该研究还强调了在聚合物加工过程中管理静电风险的其他关键策略。其中包括使用添加剂来增强非导电粉末的导电性，从而减少其积聚电荷的倾向，以及优化电荷弛豫时间以促进静电电荷的安全耗散并防止危险放电。分析还强调了选择和正确使用适当类型的柔性中间散装容器（fifc）的关键作用，广泛用于粉末收集，粉尘排放和采样目的。具体来说，是C型和D型fic，旨在降低静电风险。最终，研究结果强调了根据每个过程的特定静电行为定制风险缓解措施的重要性，有助于在聚合物加工业中建立更有效的安全框架和更安全的工作环境。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating ice adverse effect on distorting the electric field of polymeric insulators using cone-shaped SiC layer 利用锥形碳化硅层减轻冰对聚合物绝缘子电场扭曲的不利影响

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104200

Aws Al-Taie, Suhaib Al-Karawi

The accumulation of ice on power grid insulators in cold climate areas, as in the north of Iraq, is a serious problem. The ice bridges the sheds and adversely affects the insulator performance mechanically and electrically. ‏In this work, Finite Element Method (FEM) based analysis of 33 kV specific alternating inclined sheds polymeric insulator is used. The ice pollution, with different thicknesses of 0.5/0.75/1 cm, is simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics® software. The electrostatic interface has been utilized to simulate the models since it is considered to study the behavior of insulating materials under AC fields with frequencies over than 1 Hz. A Silicon Carbide (SiC) Cone-Shaped layer with non-linear conductivity is proposed as a field grading material (FGM). Accordingly, the SiC effect on relaxing the distribution of electrostatic field and lessening maximum field value for the ice polluted insulators is investigated. The results demonstrate an increase in the electrostatic field efficiency factor due to SiC layer usage by 21.9 %–30 %. In addition, maximum tangential electrostatic field, maximum surface and volume power dissipation are reduced by 9.5 %–12.5 %, and by 18.1 %–23.4 %, respectively. Thus, using the SiC layer, as an FGM with field-dependent conductivity, positively contributes in enhancing the electrostatic field distribution uniformity for the specific inclined alternating polymeric insulator design. This might enhance flashover voltage levels and positively upgrade the insulator performance in icy weather conditions.

在寒冷的气候地区，如伊拉克北部，电网绝缘体上的冰积累是一个严重的问题。冰桥的棚子和不利影响绝缘体的性能机械和电气。在这项工作中，基于有限元法（FEM）对33 kV特定交变斜棚聚合物绝缘子进行了分析。采用COMSOL Multiphysics®软件对0.5/0.75/1 cm不同厚度的冰污染进行模拟。由于考虑研究绝缘材料在频率大于1hz的交流电场作用下的行为，因此采用静电界面来模拟模型。提出了一种具有非线性导电性的碳化硅（SiC）锥形层作为场级配材料。在此基础上，研究了碳化硅对冰污染绝缘子静电场分布和最大电场值减小的影响。结果表明，由于SiC层的使用，静电场效率系数提高了21.9% ~ 30%。此外，最大切向静电场、最大表面和体积功耗分别降低9.5% ~ 12.5%和18.1% ~ 23.4%。因此，在特定倾斜交变聚合物绝缘子设计中，使用SiC层作为具有场相关电导率的FGM，对提高静电场分布均匀性有积极贡献。这可能会提高闪络电压水平，并积极提高绝缘子在冰冷天气条件下的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Electrostatic self-energy of a disk with arbitrary axisymmetric surface charge distribution 具有任意轴对称表面电荷分布的圆盘的静电自能

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104198

J. Ricardo de Sousa , Marcio Gomes , Orion Ciftja

We present a detailed analysis of the electrostatic self-energy of a charged circular disk with axisymmetric surface charge distribution of the form

σ (u) = σ_{0} {(1 - u^{2})}^{ν} u^{p}

, where

σ_{0}

is a constant,

u = ρ / a

is a dimensionless radial coordinate,

a

is the disk radius while

ν

and

p

are adjustable parameters. We use a closed-form integral expression for the electrostatic potential previously derived for this class of surface charge distributions to calculate the self-energy. The resulting expression for the electrostatic self-energy is presented in two mathematically equivalent formulations. One involving Bessel functions of the first kind and the other one involving complete elliptic integrals. We explore in detail two physically significant limits, the case of a uniformly charged disk and the one where the charged disk behaves as a conducting equipotential. Each of such cases corresponds to specific values of the parameters,

ν

and

p

. In both cases, we recover known exact results, providing a good consistency check of the general formalism that we employed. The approach considered also allows a deeper understanding of how the surface charge density profile influences the total electrostatic self-energy of the disk. This means that the procedure offers a flexible framework that can be extended to other surface charge density configurations with radial symmetry.

本文详细分析了表面电荷分布为σ(u)=σ01−u2νup的轴对称带电圆盘的静电自能，其中σ0为常数，u=ρ/a为无量纲径向坐标，a为圆盘半径，ν和p为可调参数。我们使用先前为这类表面电荷分布导出的静电势的封闭积分表达式来计算自能。所得的静电自能表达式用两种数学上等价的形式表示。一个涉及第一类贝塞尔函数另一个涉及完全椭圆积分。我们详细探讨了两个物理上重要的极限，即均匀带电盘的情况和带电盘表现为导电等势的情况。每一种情况都对应于参数ν和p的特定值。在这两种情况下，我们都恢复了已知的精确结果，为我们采用的一般形式提供了良好的一致性检查。所考虑的方法也允许更深入地了解表面电荷密度分布如何影响磁盘的总静电自能。这意味着该过程提供了一个灵活的框架，可以扩展到具有径向对称的其他表面电荷密度配置。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling the electrostatic potential and capacitances of a human walking 模拟人类行走的静电电位和电容

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104195

Pedro Llovera-Segovia , César Cañas-Peñuelas , Vicente Fuster-Roig , Alfredo Quijano-López

Measurement of the electrostatic potential in humans when walking is a useful tool for characterizing floors and antistatic measures in industrial facilities. It is an important question from the point of view of ESD or Hazards and Electrostatic Comfort. However, charging of humans when walking is a complex process where many factors are involved: charge generation and separation during the contact of the shoes and the floor, conductivity of the shoes and the floor, ambient conditions, walking style, etc.

To better understand the physical phenomena involved during charging when walking, a finite element model is presented where capacitances and induced voltages can be calculated in different positions and conditions. There are some models in the litterature representing the human body capacitance and interactions, but the walking process has not been yet represented. In our work, we modify the model presented by R. Kacprzyk and A. Pelesz[1] allowing movement of arms and legs. The presented model is electrostatic since time constants are very short compared to the speed of walking. Electrostatic discharges are not represented, but the conditions before an electrostatic discharge happens can be simulated. Conductivity of materials can be added to the model to simulate the self discharge process.

测量人体行走时的静电电位是工业设施中地板和防静电措施的有用工具。从静电危害和静电舒适性的角度来看，这是一个重要的问题。然而，人体行走时的充电是一个复杂的过程，涉及许多因素：鞋子与地板接触时的电荷产生和分离，鞋子与地板的导电性，环境条件，步行方式等。为了更好地理解行走时充电所涉及的物理现象，提出了一个有限元模型，可以计算不同位置和条件下的电容和感应电压。文献中已有一些模型可以表征人体电容和相互作用，但尚未能表征步行过程。在我们的工作中，我们修改了R. Kacprzyk和A. Pelesz提出的模型，允许手臂和腿的运动。由于时间常数与步行速度相比非常短，因此所提出的模型是静电的。静电放电没有表现出来，但可以模拟静电放电发生前的条件。可以在模型中加入材料的电导率来模拟自放电过程。

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引用次数: 0

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