Journal of Electrostatics最新文献

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Influence of droplet charge on spray painting with a high-speed rotary bell

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104042

Q. Ye , O. Tiedje , J. Domnick

Numerical simulations of the spray coating process with an electrostatically supported high-speed rotary bell with internal charging were carried out, focusing on the effects of droplet charge on the spray formation, the film thickness distribution on the target and the transfer efficiency. From simulation results of the electrohydrodynamics (EHD) atomization process close to the bell edge, droplet size-to-charge relationships and initial droplet velocities were derived and used in the present coating simulation. Three different droplet charge models were applied and the resulting electric fields were analysed. It was found that the droplet size-to-charge relationship plays an important role for the spray-painting performance. Despite a relatively low influence of the charging model on the transfer efficiencies (TE), varying between 89 % and 94 % at an experimental TE of 94 %, significantly different film thickness distributions on the target were found. The best agreement between measured and simulated film thickness distributions was obtained using the proportionality between charge and droplet volume as indicated by the EHD-breakup simulations. Furthermore, effects of the initial droplet positions and velocities were analysed, comparing simulative and experimental results with respect to film thickness distributions on the target and droplet velocity profiles downstream the bell.

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引用次数: 0

Comparison and calibration of four instruments for the measurement of electric potential at the surface of non-planar bodies

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104041

Nesrine Amiour, Thami Zeghloul, Mohamed Sofiane Bendilmi, Lucian Dascalescu

– The electric potential measurements carried out to assess the presence of electric charges at the surface of a body are affected by the geometry of the probe-target system. The present work was specifically aimed at formulating recommendations for the calibration of two non-contact voltmeters and two field-meters currently employed for monitoring the electric potential at the surface of non-planar bodies. The experiments involved the measurement of the electric potential at the surface of planar and cylindrical electrodes of various shapes and sizes, connected to a positive high-voltage supply of 1.5 kV. The readings of each instrument were analyzed in relation with the configuration of the electrodes. As the four instruments have been designed for monitoring the electric potential on relatively large planar surfaces (>100 cm²), specific calibration was needed for measurements on bodies having geometrical characteristics that differ from those specified by the manufacturers. The experiments have shown that the interpretation of the results should consider the fact that the accuracy of the measurements diminishes when the axis of the probe approaches the edges of the electrode. In the case of non-planar surfaces, the measured values should be corrected by coefficients that can be determined by experiments conducted in conditions that mimic the situations of practical interest.

{"title":"Comparison and calibration of four instruments for the measurement of electric potential at the surface of non-planar bodies","authors":"Nesrine Amiour, Thami Zeghloul, Mohamed Sofiane Bendilmi, Lucian Dascalescu","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>– The electric potential measurements carried out to assess the presence of electric charges at the surface of a body are affected by the geometry of the probe-target system. The present work was specifically aimed at formulating recommendations for the calibration of two non-contact voltmeters and two field-meters currently employed for monitoring the electric potential at the surface of non-planar bodies. The experiments involved the measurement of the electric potential at the surface of planar and cylindrical electrodes of various shapes and sizes, connected to a positive high-voltage supply of 1.5 kV. The readings of each instrument were analyzed in relation with the configuration of the electrodes. As the four instruments have been designed for monitoring the electric potential on relatively large planar surfaces (>100 cm<sup>2</sup>), specific calibration was needed for measurements on bodies having geometrical characteristics that differ from those specified by the manufacturers. The experiments have shown that the interpretation of the results should consider the fact that the accuracy of the measurements diminishes when the axis of the probe approaches the edges of the electrode. In the case of non-planar surfaces, the measured values should be corrected by coefficients that can be determined by experiments conducted in conditions that mimic the situations of practical interest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104041"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design, development and performance evaluation of a miniature electrostatic precipitator in an indoor environment

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104038

Aiswarya Kumar , Prashant Nawale , Manoranjan Sahu

Indoor air quality is a major concern in the modern environment. Although various pollutants coexist indoors, particulate matter (PM) is a major health concern. Even though different PM capture technologies are available in market as well as on lab scale, they pose several drawbacks. It was in this regard that electrostatic precipitator (ESP), a widely preferred technology for industrial application but has yet to be explored to that extent in indoor environments could provide multiple benefits in latter. Therefore, a miniature single-wire, single-stage and wire-plate square cross-sectional ESP was designed in laboratory and operated at optimal operating conditions based on theoretical calculations, experimental results as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling to obtain maximised capture of PM. Results from study confirmed that designed ESP was capable of capturing various standard aerosols such as sodium chloride, ammonium chloride and magnesium chloride with a total removal efficiency of 99.94 %–99.97 % in wide PM sizes from 10 nm to 800 nm. To simulate performance in a real scenario, experiments were also performed with major indoor PM sources like incense sticks, candle burning and mosquito coils having different particle number distributions and achieved a total PM capture efficiency of 99.24, 99.99 and 99.97 % respectively. Designed ESP also removed ambient air as well as infiltrated PM from outdoors with a total efficiency of 97.87 % and 99.74 % respectively. Additionally, energy consumed/clean air delivery rate (CADR) (0.32 W/(m³/hr)) and emission of by-products like ultrafine particles as well as nitrogen dioxide were found to be comparatively lesser compared to commercial purifiers suggesting its possible applicability in scaling up as an indoor air purifier.

{"title":"Design, development and performance evaluation of a miniature electrostatic precipitator in an indoor environment","authors":"Aiswarya Kumar , Prashant Nawale , Manoranjan Sahu","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoor air quality is a major concern in the modern environment. Although various pollutants coexist indoors, particulate matter (PM) is a major health concern. Even though different PM capture technologies are available in market as well as on lab scale, they pose several drawbacks. It was in this regard that electrostatic precipitator (ESP), a widely preferred technology for industrial application but has yet to be explored to that extent in indoor environments could provide multiple benefits in latter. Therefore, a miniature single-wire, single-stage and wire-plate square cross-sectional ESP was designed in laboratory and operated at optimal operating conditions based on theoretical calculations, experimental results as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling to obtain maximised capture of PM. Results from study confirmed that designed ESP was capable of capturing various standard aerosols such as sodium chloride, ammonium chloride and magnesium chloride with a total removal efficiency of 99.94 %–99.97 % in wide PM sizes from 10 nm to 800 nm. To simulate performance in a real scenario, experiments were also performed with major indoor PM sources like incense sticks, candle burning and mosquito coils having different particle number distributions and achieved a total PM capture efficiency of 99.24, 99.99 and 99.97 % respectively. Designed ESP also removed ambient air as well as infiltrated PM from outdoors with a total efficiency of 97.87 % and 99.74 % respectively. Additionally, energy consumed/clean air delivery rate (CADR) (0.32 W/(m³/hr)) and emission of by-products like ultrafine particles as well as nitrogen dioxide were found to be comparatively lesser compared to commercial purifiers suggesting its possible applicability in scaling up as an indoor air purifier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triboelectric generators: A comprehensive review of innovative energy solutions

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104037

Sneha Grover, Amanpreet Kour, Piyush Tailor, Dheeraj Minglani

Triboelectric generators (TEGs) represent a promising advancement in energy harvesting technology, converting mechanical energy into electrical power using the triboelectric effect. Initially limited by the insulating properties and low thermal stability of plastics, TEG technology has evolved significantly, with the development of Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) integrating nanotechnology to improve efficiency. This review explores the applications of TEGs and TENGs in the aviation industry, addressing their potential to reduce fuel consumption, decrease CO2 emissions, and enhance sensor reliability for avionics systems. By leveraging wasted mechanical energy during flight operations, TENGs can support active sensor monitoring and foster sustainable energy practices, advancing the sector toward greener and more efficient operations.

引用次数: 0

Application study on one-dimensional partial element equivalent circuits to lightning current distribution on surface structure

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104032

Chen Tong , Yeyuan Huang , Xinping Li , Shanliang Qiu , Xiaoliang Si , Zemin Duan , Wei Yan , Ling Yao

The Manhattan representation of structures is occasionally insufficient for obtaining lightning current distribution using partial element equivalent circuits (PEECs). Therefore, a method for representing a structure using thin wires was studied, and the PEEC was solved using the θ method. This method was applied to different examples, and the results were compared with those obtained using the finite integration technique. An experiment was conducted to verify the developed method. The method was shown to be effective in simulating the current distribution on surface structures. This is of great significance in the design of lightning-protection systems.

引用次数: 0

Characterization and Optimization of Electrospun PVA/PLA Nanofibers Using Taguchi Method: Morphology and Structure

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104035

Reyhaneh Fatahian , Rasool Erfani

The blending of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with hydrophilic polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) significantly enhances PLA's elasticity and water affinity, addressing its inherent fragility and hydrophobicity. These improvements render PLA/PVA blends highly suitable for advanced medical applications, including wound dressings. This study pioneers the systematic optimization of electrospinning parameters— applied voltage, flow rate, and needle-to-collector distance—to achieve uniform fibre morphology and desired structural characteristics in PLA/PVA nanofibers. Utilizing the Taguchi design of experiment (DOE) methodology, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of these parameters on the structure and diameter distribution of single-nozzle electrospun nanofibers. A novel aspect of this study is the exploration of a mutual solvent system for electrospinning these nanofibers, which has not been extensively investigated in existing literature. The findings reveal that flow rate is the most influential parameter, followed by applied voltage and needle-to-collector distance. Optimal electrospinning conditions—needle-to-collector distance of 18 cm, flow rate of 0.6 ml/h, and voltage of 18 kV—are identified, resulting in the smallest average fibre diameter and minimal variation. This work not only advances the field of nanofiber fabrication but also sets a new benchmark for the production of high-quality fibres with consistent properties. The insights gained from this study have far-reaching implications for biomedical applications, particularly in the development of effective wound dressing materials. Furthermore, the methodological innovations and theoretical contributions presented here have the potential to influence future research directions and policy decisions in the field of biomedical engineering, particularly in developing effective wound dressing materials, and offer potential insights for broader applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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引用次数: 0

Effect of contaminant particles, temperature, and humidity on the dielectric strength of insulating oils

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104030

F. González, A. Retamoso, F. Cely, J. Lozano, O. Sánchez

In this work, the behavior of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils concerning variations in temperature, humidity, and contaminant concentration was established. Tests used electrodes for flat, spherical, and Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker (VDE) type. The influence of contaminant concentration (cellulose, iron, and copper), humidity, and temperature on the breakdown voltage of the oils was determined through a four-level experimental design. Data collected in the tests were analyzed using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). The experimental phase of the research was carried out in the High Voltage Laboratory of Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander. The most relevant results showed that the contaminant concentration is inversely related to the oil breakdown voltage, with copper being the material with the most significant influence on the study variable. Likewise, temperature is directly related to the breakdown voltage level, with the highest levels reached when the test is conducted at 90 °C. For the three types of electrodes used, it is shown that humidity has an inverse relationship with breakdown voltage. In all cases, the highest disruption values are achieved with a moisture of 5 ppm.

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引用次数: 0

A new device for monitoring deformation dynamics and droplet shrinkage kinetics (during drying) of a charged droplet suspended in air

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104033

A. Dokmak , T. Deleau , J.J. Letourneau , A. Maudhuit , P. Arlabosse , M.I. Ré

In this study, a new device was developed to study the deformation kinetics of a pendant droplet under controlled drying conditions and in the presence of an electric field (EF). It has made it possible to investigate the deformation and air-drying kinetics of conductive and electrically charged pendant CuSO₄.5H₂O droplets. Various EF intensities (0–800 kV/m) and solid content concentrations (0–25 % wt/wt) are applied. Results show significant reduction (up to 42 %) in interfacial tension with increasing EF, along with a quadratic relationship between EF intensity and interfacial tension. Droplet surface area expansion and deformation are influenced by the EF intensity and the solution solids content. It has also been shown that, during drying, EF application can influence the deformation kinetics and shrinkage rate during the early drying stages, particularly at higher solid concentrations and high EF intensity, revealing new insights into droplet dynamics under EF.

{"title":"A new device for monitoring deformation dynamics and droplet shrinkage kinetics (during drying) of a charged droplet suspended in air","authors":"A. Dokmak , T. Deleau , J.J. Letourneau , A. Maudhuit , P. Arlabosse , M.I. Ré","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a new device was developed to study the deformation kinetics of a pendant droplet under controlled drying conditions and in the presence of an electric field (EF). It has made it possible to investigate the deformation and air-drying kinetics of conductive and electrically charged pendant CuSO<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O droplets. Various EF intensities (0–800 kV/m) and solid content concentrations (0–25 % wt/wt) are applied. Results show significant reduction (up to 42 %) in interfacial tension with increasing EF, along with a quadratic relationship between EF intensity and interfacial tension. Droplet surface area expansion and deformation are influenced by the EF intensity and the solution solids content. It has also been shown that, during drying, EF application can influence the deformation kinetics and shrinkage rate during the early drying stages, particularly at higher solid concentrations and high EF intensity, revealing new insights into droplet dynamics under EF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of different circuit resistance measurement methods in spark discharge

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104034

Can Chen, Zhiyu Wang, Suijun Yang, Shuliang Ye

It is generally considered that spark resistance can be determined by circuit resistance subtracted from the total resistance of the discharge circuit and circuit resistance is equal to the total resistance when the spark gap is shorted out. However, practical methods for shorting out the spark gap have not been clearly defined in existing researches. Two methods for shorting out the spark gap were elaborated, and a method for measuring circuit resistance through linear fit was developed in this paper. Experiments were conducted to compare and analyze different circuit resistance measurement methods. The method of shorting out the spark gap by wire is more recommended, compared to that by setting the electrode gap to zero. The linear fitting method avoids the problem of internal discharge in the discharge relay, but it needs to maintain consistency in the discharge environment to minimize the impact of electrostatic discharge randomness. This study offers valuable guidance for accurately measuring spark resistance, which is crucial in minimum ignition energy testing of dust clouds highly sensitive to electrostatic discharge.

{"title":"Comparison of different circuit resistance measurement methods in spark discharge","authors":"Can Chen, Zhiyu Wang, Suijun Yang, Shuliang Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is generally considered that spark resistance can be determined by circuit resistance subtracted from the total resistance of the discharge circuit and circuit resistance is equal to the total resistance when the spark gap is shorted out. However, practical methods for shorting out the spark gap have not been clearly defined in existing researches. Two methods for shorting out the spark gap were elaborated, and a method for measuring circuit resistance through linear fit was developed in this paper. Experiments were conducted to compare and analyze different circuit resistance measurement methods. The method of shorting out the spark gap by wire is more recommended, compared to that by setting the electrode gap to zero. The linear fitting method avoids the problem of internal discharge in the discharge relay, but it needs to maintain consistency in the discharge environment to minimize the impact of electrostatic discharge randomness. This study offers valuable guidance for accurately measuring spark resistance, which is crucial in minimum ignition energy testing of dust clouds highly sensitive to electrostatic discharge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104034"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the effect of the electrode bending angle on the dielectric-barrier discharge performance

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2024.104016

Yuqing Lou, Jingfeng Tang, Haoyuan Gu, Desheng Zhou

To support the flow-control demands of morphing aircraft, this paper presents electrode structures with various bending angles to simulate the structural deformation of plasma actuators during operation. The experiment investigates the impact of electrode bending on the characteristics of atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD). The experimental results show that there are two modes during the discharge process (filamentary and homogeneous) and that the electrode bending angles significantly affect the discharge-mode transition. As the electrode bending angle increases, the critical voltage for transitioning from the filamentary to the homogeneous discharge mode decreases. The numerical simulation results reveal the mechanism by which electrode bending influences the electric-field strength and discharge-mode conversion. This study provides important technical support for the application of variable-geometry electrode plasma actuators to the flow control of morphing aircraft.

引用次数: 0

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