Journal of Electrostatics最新文献

英文中文

Numerical study of improving spatial sensitivity uniformity using elliptical electrodes in electrostatic inductive sensor 椭圆电极改善静电感应传感器空间灵敏度均匀性的数值研究

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104270

T. Hussain , T. Deng , J.R. Pillai , M.S.A. Bradley , W. Kaialy

Electrostatic charging of solid particles has significant impacts on the material bulk properties in powder handling processes. Reliable quantification of how the particles are charged in the powder in terms of charge levels and charge polarity in process requires both high sensitivity and spatial homogeneity of the sensor in the measurements. Classic ring inductive sensor faces a well-known trade-off: a wide electrode improves homogeneity but reduces temporal/axial resolution, while a narrow electrode preserves resolution but suffers from non-uniform sensitivity. This study introduces an elliptical inductive sensor as a geometry-based alternative to the ring. Using a cross-sectional sensitivity simulation model, an elliptical electrode sensor (major axis a = 10 mm, minor axis b = 6 mm) was compared with conventional ring electrodes using quantitative uniformity metrics. Results demonstrate that the elliptical electrode sensor geometry achieves near-homogeneous response (Uniformity Index, UI ≥ 0.9) for electrode axial width, W ≈ a, whereas the ring sensor requires the axial width on the order of the pipe diameter to reach comparable homogeneity. Under identical modelling conditions, the elliptical electrode sensor achieves greater uniformity and reduces centre–edge disparity compared to ring electrodes enabling balanced charge measurements with improved homogeneity and good resolution.

在粉体处理过程中，固体颗粒的静电电荷对物料的体积特性有重要影响。在电荷水平和电荷极性方面，粉末中粒子如何带电的可靠量化要求传感器在测量中具有高灵敏度和空间均匀性。经典的环形电感传感器面临着一个众所周知的权衡：宽电极改善了均匀性，但降低了时间/轴向分辨率，而窄电极保留了分辨率，但受到不均匀灵敏度的影响。本研究介绍了一种椭圆电感式传感器，作为基于几何的环形传感器的替代品。采用截面灵敏度仿真模型，采用定量均匀性指标对椭圆电极传感器（长轴a = 10 mm，短轴b = 6 mm）与传统环形电极进行了比较。结果表明，当电极轴向宽度为W≈a时，椭圆电极传感器几何结构可获得接近均匀的响应（均匀指数，UI≥0.9），而环形传感器则要求轴向宽度为管道直径的数量级才能达到相当的均匀性。在相同的建模条件下，与环形电极相比，椭圆电极传感器实现了更高的均匀性，减少了中心边缘的差异，从而实现了平衡电荷测量，提高了均匀性和良好的分辨率。

{"title":"Numerical study of improving spatial sensitivity uniformity using elliptical electrodes in electrostatic inductive sensor","authors":"T. Hussain , T. Deng , J.R. Pillai , M.S.A. Bradley , W. Kaialy","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrostatic charging of solid particles has significant impacts on the material bulk properties in powder handling processes. Reliable quantification of how the particles are charged in the powder in terms of charge levels and charge polarity in process requires both high sensitivity and spatial homogeneity of the sensor in the measurements. Classic ring inductive sensor faces a well-known trade-off: a wide electrode improves homogeneity but reduces temporal/axial resolution, while a narrow electrode preserves resolution but suffers from non-uniform sensitivity. This study introduces an elliptical inductive sensor as a geometry-based alternative to the ring. Using a cross-sectional sensitivity simulation model, an elliptical electrode sensor (major axis a = 10 mm, minor axis b = 6 mm) was compared with conventional ring electrodes using quantitative uniformity metrics. Results demonstrate that the elliptical electrode sensor geometry achieves near-homogeneous response (Uniformity Index, UI ≥ 0.9) for electrode axial width, <em>W</em> ≈ a, whereas the ring sensor requires the axial width on the order of the pipe diameter to reach comparable homogeneity. Under identical modelling conditions, the elliptical electrode sensor achieves greater uniformity and reduces centre–edge disparity compared to ring electrodes enabling balanced charge measurements with improved homogeneity and good resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Capacitance and charge density of an open conducting cylinder: Elliptic-kernel integral equation and asymptotics 开导圆柱体的电容和电荷密度：椭圆核积分方程及其渐近性

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104266

J. Ricardo de Sousa

We study the electrostatics of a thin, finite-length conducting cylindrical shell held at constant potential

V_{0}

. Exploiting axial symmetry, we recast the problem as a one-dimensional singular integral equation for the axial surface-charge density, with a kernel written in terms of complete elliptic integrals. A Chebyshev-weighted collocation scheme that incorporates the square-root edge singularity yields rapidly convergent charge profiles and dimensionless capacitances for arbitrary aspect ratios

a / L

, recovering known long- and short-cylinder limits and providing accurate benchmark values in the intermediate regime. The method offers a compact, numerically robust reference formulation for the electrostatics of finite cylindrical conductors.

我们研究了在恒定电位V0下薄的、有限长的导电圆柱壳的静电特性。利用轴对称，我们将该问题重新定义为轴向表面电荷密度的一维奇异积分方程，其核以完全椭圆积分的形式表示。结合平方根边缘奇点的切比舍夫加权配置方案产生快速收敛的电荷分布和任意宽高比A /L的无因次电容，恢复已知的长圆柱体和短圆柱体限制，并在中间区域提供准确的基准值。该方法为有限圆柱导体的静电学提供了一个紧凑的、数值上可靠的参考公式。

引用次数: 0

Advanced micromachining of SS304 using electrochemical jet machining: Experimental analysis, depth characterization, and process optimization 利用电化学喷射加工先进的微加工SS304：实验分析，深度表征和工艺优化

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104277

L. Selvarajan , Shailesh Shirguppikar , V.S. Ganachari , Y. Justin Raj , P. Mathan kumar

A non-conventional micromachining process for creating precise features on difficult-to-machine materials without causing any mechanical and thermal damage to the material is electrochemical jet machining (ECJM). In this research work, the effect of stand-off distance (SOD) and voltage on machining depth and opening formation during the ECJM of SS304 stainless steel material is studied. A 2 M NaCl electrolyte, a nozzle inner diameter of 300 μm, and voltages of 40 V, 50 V, and 60 V with three SODs of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 700 μm were used in the experiment. The optical microscopy was used to measure the machining depth and opening size, and three experimental trials were conducted for each set of parameters to check the repeatability of the results. The result of the experiment revealed that voltage and SOD have a significant effect on machining depth. The depth increased from approximately 380-410 μm at 40 V to 690-710 μm at 60 V at a fixed SOD of 700 μm. The material removal rate was significantly enhanced by reducing the SOD; at 300 μm SOD, the machining depth increased from 685 to 710 μm at 40 V to 840-890 μm at 60 V. The opening size also increased from around 0.536 mm at 40 V and 700 μm SOD to 0.843 mm at 60 V and 300 μm SOD. A comparative study showed that lowering the SOD from 700 μm to 300 μm increased the machining depth by more than 70% for a given voltage. This was because the electric field and current density were higher. The experimental results were found to be reliable and consistent, as there were no variations in the trends. This research measures the influence of SOD and voltage on the depth of drilling with a constant flow rate of electrolyte. The experimental result showed that to achieve machining depth, dimensional accuracy, and efficiency in ECJM of SS304, the optimal selection of voltage and stand-off distance is required.

电化学喷射加工（ECJM）是一种非传统的微加工工艺，用于在难以加工的材料上创造精确的特征，而不会对材料造成任何机械和热损伤。在本研究中，研究了超氧化物歧化度（SOD）和电压对SS304不锈钢材料ECJM加工深度和开口形成的影响。实验采用2 M NaCl电解液，喷嘴内径为300 μm，电压为40 V、50 V和60 V， SODs分别为300 μm、500 μm和700 μm。利用光学显微镜测量加工深度和开口尺寸，并对每组参数进行3次实验试验，以检验结果的重复性。实验结果表明，电压和SOD对加工深度有显著影响。在固定SOD为700 μm时，深度从40 V时的380 ~ 410 μm增加到60 V时的690 ~ 710 μm。降低SOD可显著提高材料去除率；在300 μm SOD下，加工深度从40 V时的685 ~ 710 μm增加到60 V时的840 ~ 890 μm。开口尺寸也从40 V和700 μm SOD时的0.536 mm左右增加到60 V和300 μm SOD时的0.843 mm。对比研究表明，在一定电压下，将超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）从700 μm降低到300 μm，可使加工深度提高70%以上。这是因为电场和电流密度更高。实验结果是可靠和一致的，因为没有变化的趋势。本研究在电解液流速恒定的情况下，测量了SOD和电压对钻孔深度的影响。实验结果表明，为了实现SS304的ECJM加工深度、尺寸精度和加工效率，需要对电压和间隔距离进行优化选择。

{"title":"Advanced micromachining of SS304 using electrochemical jet machining: Experimental analysis, depth characterization, and process optimization","authors":"L. Selvarajan , Shailesh Shirguppikar , V.S. Ganachari , Y. Justin Raj , P. Mathan kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A non-conventional micromachining process for creating precise features on difficult-to-machine materials without causing any mechanical and thermal damage to the material is electrochemical jet machining (ECJM). In this research work, the effect of stand-off distance (SOD) and voltage on machining depth and opening formation during the ECJM of SS304 stainless steel material is studied. A 2 M NaCl electrolyte, a nozzle inner diameter of 300 μm, and voltages of 40 V, 50 V, and 60 V with three SODs of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 700 μm were used in the experiment. The optical microscopy was used to measure the machining depth and opening size, and three experimental trials were conducted for each set of parameters to check the repeatability of the results. The result of the experiment revealed that voltage and SOD have a significant effect on machining depth. The depth increased from approximately 380-410 μm at 40 V to 690-710 μm at 60 V at a fixed SOD of 700 μm. The material removal rate was significantly enhanced by reducing the SOD; at 300 μm SOD, the machining depth increased from 685 to 710 μm at 40 V to 840-890 μm at 60 V. The opening size also increased from around 0.536 mm at 40 V and 700 μm SOD to 0.843 mm at 60 V and 300 μm SOD. A comparative study showed that lowering the SOD from 700 μm to 300 μm increased the machining depth by more than 70% for a given voltage. This was because the electric field and current density were higher. The experimental results were found to be reliable and consistent, as there were no variations in the trends. This research measures the influence of SOD and voltage on the depth of drilling with a constant flow rate of electrolyte. The experimental result showed that to achieve machining depth, dimensional accuracy, and efficiency in ECJM of SS304, the optimal selection of voltage and stand-off distance is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A steady-state corona discharge simulation method for static discharger based on amplitude increase control of boundary charge density distribution iteration 一种基于边界电荷密度分布迭代增幅控制的稳态电晕放电模拟方法

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104268

Shanliang Qiu , Zemin Duan , Xiaoliang Si , Zhibao Li , Yanqiong Zhao

This paper proposes a dynamic iteration method for steady-state corona simulation, featuring adaptive amplitude increase control of the boundary charge density iteration based on electric field fluctuations. Combined with the decoupled solving of the electric potential and charge transport equations, the method enables stable, rapid simulation of 3D corona discharges. Simulation validations on typical rod-type and twin-rod dischargers demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits stable and fast convergence, as well as high efficiency of decoupled solving. Also, the volt-ampere characteristics and the inception voltage obtained by simulation are in good agreement with the measurement. Simulations under typical cross-wind field conditions further confirm the proposed method still maintains good stability and convergence. Additionally, the simulated volt-ampere characteristics agree well with the empirical formulas.

提出了一种基于电场波动的边界电荷密度迭代自适应增幅控制的稳态电晕模拟动态迭代方法。结合电势和电荷输运方程的解耦求解，该方法能够稳定、快速地模拟三维电晕放电。对典型杆式和双杆式放电装置的仿真验证表明，该方法收敛稳定、速度快，解耦求解效率高。仿真得到的伏安特性和起始电压与实测结果吻合较好。在典型横风场条件下的仿真进一步验证了该方法仍保持良好的稳定性和收敛性。此外，模拟的伏安特性与经验公式吻合较好。

引用次数: 0

Influence of UV ray from corona discharge on discharge characteristics of ZnO surge arrester with a spark gap 电晕放电紫外线对带火花间隙氧化锌避雷器放电特性的影响

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104267

May Thin Khaing , Nonoka Hirose , Tatsuya Sakoda , Katsutaka Kubo , Tomikazu Anjiki , Tomoki Chiba

ZnO surge arrester with a spark gap has been employed to reduce electrical failures due to lightning strikes. The discharge time lag commonly occurs in a spark gap due to unstable discharge characteristics. In this study, a new electrode configuration with main and auxiliary electrodes is proposed to make sparkover stable. V-t characteristics and optical emissions of impulse discharge are observed. The auxiliary electrodes generate impulse corona discharge, which emits ultraviolet (UV) ray at the edges of them. Electrons optically released from negative ions in the air between main electrodes make the discharge time lag and its standard deviation small.

具有火花间隙的ZnO避雷器已被用于减少雷击引起的电气故障。由于放电特性不稳定，放电时间滞后通常发生在火花隙中。在这项研究中，提出了一种由主电极和辅助电极组成的新电极结构，以使火花稳定。观察了脉冲放电的V-t特性和光发射。辅助电极产生脉冲电晕放电，在其边缘发射紫外线（UV）。电子从主电极间空气中的负离子中光学释放，使得放电时间滞后和标准偏差较小。

引用次数: 0

Dielectrophoresis crossover frequencies of yeast mitochondria determined by microscopic observation for evaluating their dielectric properties 用显微观察法测定酵母线粒体的介电特性

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104248

Michihiko Nakano , Yu Fukuda , Masafumi Inaba , Junya Suehiro

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrokinetic phenomenon caused by the polarization of dielectric particles in a non-uniform electric field. Since DEP behavior is closely linked to the dielectric properties of the target, it can be used to infer these properties. This study investigated the DEP characteristics of yeast mitochondria by observing their DEP crossover frequencies, where DEP-induced motion ceases. Fluorescently stained mitochondria were suspended in media with varying conductivities, and the frequency of an applied voltage was swept to identify the crossover points. Two distinct crossover frequencies were observed, indicating a core-shell structure consistent with mitochondrial morphology. By analyzing these crossover frequencies across different conductivity conditions, we estimated the dielectric properties of individual mitochondrial components. These results demonstrate that DEP-based analysis can be used not only for whole cells but also for organelles, providing new insights into subcellular biophysics and laying the foundation for future studies on organelle-level dynamics.

介电电泳（DEP）是介电粒子在非均匀电场中极化而产生的一种电动力学现象。由于DEP行为与目标的介电性质密切相关，因此可以用它来推断这些性质。本研究通过观察它们的DEP交叉频率来研究酵母线粒体的DEP特征，其中DEP诱导的运动停止。荧光染色的线粒体悬浮在不同电导率的介质中，并扫描施加电压的频率以确定交叉点。观察到两个不同的交叉频率，表明核壳结构与线粒体形态一致。通过分析不同电导率条件下的这些交叉频率，我们估计了单个线粒体成分的介电特性。这些结果表明，基于dep的分析不仅可以用于整个细胞，也可以用于细胞器，为亚细胞生物物理学提供了新的见解，并为未来细胞器水平动力学的研究奠定了基础。

{"title":"Dielectrophoresis crossover frequencies of yeast mitochondria determined by microscopic observation for evaluating their dielectric properties","authors":"Michihiko Nakano , Yu Fukuda , Masafumi Inaba , Junya Suehiro","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrokinetic phenomenon caused by the polarization of dielectric particles in a non-uniform electric field. Since DEP behavior is closely linked to the dielectric properties of the target, it can be used to infer these properties. This study investigated the DEP characteristics of yeast mitochondria by observing their DEP crossover frequencies, where DEP-induced motion ceases. Fluorescently stained mitochondria were suspended in media with varying conductivities, and the frequency of an applied voltage was swept to identify the crossover points. Two distinct crossover frequencies were observed, indicating a core-shell structure consistent with mitochondrial morphology. By analyzing these crossover frequencies across different conductivity conditions, we estimated the dielectric properties of individual mitochondrial components. These results demonstrate that DEP-based analysis can be used not only for whole cells but also for organelles, providing new insights into subcellular biophysics and laying the foundation for future studies on organelle-level dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy-efficient methane decomposition via ignition coil-generated warm plasma for hydrogen production 节能甲烷分解通过点火线圈产生的热等离子体制氢

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104252

Kazuya Kurokawa, Kazuhiro Akihama, Eiichi Takahashi

This study explores energy-efficient methane decomposition for hydrogen production without CO₂ emissions using warm plasma generated by an ignition coil. The ignition coil provided temporally stable discharges, allowing precise control of discharge energy through dwell time (DT) adjustment. Time-gated optical emission spectroscopy (0.4 nm resolution) measured vibrational and rotational temperatures, showing that vibrational temperature increased with DT while rotational temperature remained constant. Gas analysis revealed that hydrogen selectivity exceeded that of acetylene across a wide DT range, though it decreased with longer DT. Methane conversion reached a saturation trend, achieving the lowest specific energy consumption (SEC) of 8.8 kJ/NL under optimal conditions. Frequency variation experiments indicated an optimal 2–10 Hz range minimizing SEC and favoring carbon formation over acetylene. These results demonstrate controllable warm plasma generation via an ignition coil, revealing essential plasma characteristics required for effective hydrogen production.

这项研究探索了利用点火线圈产生的热等离子体，在不排放二氧化碳的情况下，高效的甲烷分解制氢。点火线圈提供暂时稳定的放电，允许通过停留时间（DT）调整精确控制放电能量。时间门控光学发射光谱（0.4 nm分辨率）测量了振动温度和旋转温度，发现振动温度随着DT的增加而增加，而旋转温度保持不变。气体分析表明，在较宽的DT范围内，氢的选择性优于乙炔，但随DT的延长而降低。在最佳条件下，甲烷转化率达到饱和趋势，比能耗（SEC）最低，为8.8 kJ/NL。频率变化实验表明，最佳的2-10 Hz范围使SEC最小，有利于碳的形成而不是乙炔。这些结果证明了通过点火线圈产生可控的热等离子体，揭示了有效制氢所需的基本等离子体特性。

{"title":"Energy-efficient methane decomposition via ignition coil-generated warm plasma for hydrogen production","authors":"Kazuya Kurokawa, Kazuhiro Akihama, Eiichi Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores energy-efficient methane decomposition for hydrogen production without CO<sub>2</sub> emissions using warm plasma generated by an ignition coil. The ignition coil provided temporally stable discharges, allowing precise control of discharge energy through dwell time (DT) adjustment. Time-gated optical emission spectroscopy (0.4 nm resolution) measured vibrational and rotational temperatures, showing that vibrational temperature increased with DT while rotational temperature remained constant. Gas analysis revealed that hydrogen selectivity exceeded that of acetylene across a wide DT range, though it decreased with longer DT. Methane conversion reached a saturation trend, achieving the lowest specific energy consumption (SEC) of 8.8 kJ/NL under optimal conditions. Frequency variation experiments indicated an optimal 2–10 Hz range minimizing SEC and favoring carbon formation over acetylene. These results demonstrate controllable warm plasma generation via an ignition coil, revealing essential plasma characteristics required for effective hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy partitioning in electrostatic discharge with variable series load resistor 可变串联负载电阻在静电放电中的能量分配

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104253

Claudia A.M. Schrama , Calvin Bavor , P. David Flammer , Charles G. Durfee

This paper presents an experimental investigation into the energy partitioning of quasi-static electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in air, a scenario in which the discharge occurs across a gap length that can be considered fixed. We systematically characterize the energy transferred to a series victim load across a broad range of resistances (0.1 to 10,000

Ω

) and circuit parameters, including capacitance and gap length. Our results show that the fraction of stored energy delivered to the victim load is largely independent of gap length. We demonstrate that our extension of the classic Rompe-Weizel spark resistance model effectively predicts the scaling of this energy transfer, establishing a clear link between spark resistance and energy partitioning. These findings provide a predictive framework that should be valuable for guiding safety requirements for energetic materials and ignition scenarios and will inform the development of more accurate circuit models that can be applied to a wider range of ESD events such as those found in the electronics industry.

本文对空气中准静态静电放电（ESD）事件的能量分配进行了实验研究，在这种情况下，放电发生在一个可以认为是固定的间隙长度上。我们系统地表征了在广泛的电阻范围内（0.1至10,000 Ω）和电路参数（包括电容和间隙长度）传递到一系列受害负载的能量。我们的研究结果表明，储存的能量传递给受害者负载的比例在很大程度上与间隙长度无关。我们证明，我们对经典Rompe-Weizel火花电阻模型的扩展有效地预测了这种能量传递的尺度，在火花电阻和能量分配之间建立了明确的联系。这些发现提供了一个预测框架，对于指导含能材料和点火场景的安全要求应该是有价值的，并将为开发更准确的电路模型提供信息，这些模型可以应用于更广泛的ESD事件，例如电子行业中的ESD事件。

{"title":"Energy partitioning in electrostatic discharge with variable series load resistor","authors":"Claudia A.M. Schrama , Calvin Bavor , P. David Flammer , Charles G. Durfee","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an experimental investigation into the energy partitioning of quasi-static electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in air, a scenario in which the discharge occurs across a gap length that can be considered fixed. We systematically characterize the energy transferred to a series victim load across a broad range of resistances (0.1 to 10,000 <span><math><mi>Ω</mi></math></span>) and circuit parameters, including capacitance and gap length. Our results show that the fraction of stored energy delivered to the victim load is largely independent of gap length. We demonstrate that our extension of the classic Rompe-Weizel spark resistance model effectively predicts the scaling of this energy transfer, establishing a clear link between spark resistance and energy partitioning. These findings provide a predictive framework that should be valuable for guiding safety requirements for energetic materials and ignition scenarios and will inform the development of more accurate circuit models that can be applied to a wider range of ESD events such as those found in the electronics industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical description of the electrostatic field of multiple system based on a conducting circular cylinder 基于导电圆柱体的多系统静电场分析描述

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104249

I.F. Spivak-Lavrov, T. Zh Shugayeva, A.B. Seiten, A. Sh Amantaeva

This study presents the analytical derivation of potential functions characterizing the electrostatic fields of multipole systems based on a conducting circular cylinder, utilizing methods from the theory of complex variable functions.

Explicit analytical expressions for the field potentials and their derivatives have been obtained, enabling the computational modeling of equipotential lines for various multipolar configurations, including quadrupole, sextupole and octupole systems. The presented results were obtained under the assumption of infinitely narrow insulating gaps between electrodes. Furthermore, an algorithm and a suite of application software were developed to compute the potentials and electric field intensities of multipole systems constructed on the basis of a conducting circular cylinder.

The results obtained in study can be applied to the design and calculation of charged particle beam transport systems, anti-resonance mass analyzers, and various electrostatic multipole traps, as well as multipole aberration correction in electron microscopy.

本文利用复变函数理论的方法，对导电圆柱多极系统静电场的势函数进行了解析推导。得到了场势及其导数的显式解析表达式，实现了各种多极结构（包括四极、六极和八极系统）等势线的计算建模。所得结果是在电极间无限窄绝缘间隙的假设下得到的。在此基础上，开发了基于导电圆柱结构的多极系统的电势和电场强度计算算法和应用软件。研究结果可应用于带电粒子束输运系统、反共振质谱分析仪、各种静电多极阱的设计和计算，以及电子显微镜中多极像差的校正。

{"title":"Analytical description of the electrostatic field of multiple system based on a conducting circular cylinder","authors":"I.F. Spivak-Lavrov, T. Zh Shugayeva, A.B. Seiten, A. Sh Amantaeva","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the analytical derivation of potential functions characterizing the electrostatic fields of multipole systems based on a conducting circular cylinder, utilizing methods from the theory of complex variable functions.</div><div>Explicit analytical expressions for the field potentials and their derivatives have been obtained, enabling the computational modeling of equipotential lines for various multipolar configurations, including quadrupole, sextupole and octupole systems. The presented results were obtained under the assumption of infinitely narrow insulating gaps between electrodes. Furthermore, an algorithm and a suite of application software were developed to compute the potentials and electric field intensities of multipole systems constructed on the basis of a conducting circular cylinder.</div><div>The results obtained in study can be applied to the design and calculation of charged particle beam transport systems, anti-resonance mass analyzers, and various electrostatic multipole traps, as well as multipole aberration correction in electron microscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation on heat exchange assisted wet electrostatic precipitator in dust removal, heat transfer enhancement process and water collection 热交换辅助湿式静电除尘器除尘、强化传热及集水性能的研究

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104231

Hui Fu , Shaokang Meng , Xiaonan Luo , Qinzhen Zheng , Shuran Li , Zhen Liu , Keping Yan

A heat-exchange-assisted wire-tube electrostatic precipitator (HEAT-ESP) is proposed to mitigate wet plumes and improve PM_2.5 capture in conventional ESPs. By cooling the collection electrode, the system enables simultaneous flue gas purification and heat recovery. Flue gas temperature and humidity significantly enhance discharge performance, increasing dust removal efficiency by up to 12.5 %, water recovery by 30.2 %, and heat transfer by 17.2 %. Particle concentration slightly reduces discharge current but improves overall performance, with gains of 10.0–16.5 % at 45 kV. The system exhibits strong synergy among dust removal, water recovery, and heat transfer. At the relative humidity of 90 % and a voltage of 22.5 kV, the maximum water harvesting efficiency and latent heat recovery-to-input ratio reach 772.78 kg/kWh and 489, respectively. With energy costing 0.1–0.3 CNY/kWh and water priced at 5–8 CNY/ton, this technology offers strong potential for energy and water conservation applications.

提出了一种热交换辅助电线管静电除尘器（HEAT-ESP），以减少传统电除尘器中的湿羽流，提高PM2.5的捕集能力。通过冷却收集电极，该系统可以同时进行烟气净化和热回收。烟气温度和湿度显著提高了排放性能，将除尘效率提高了12.5%，水回收率提高了30.2%，传热效率提高了17.2%。颗粒浓度略微降低了放电电流，但提高了整体性能，在45 kV时增益为10.0 - 16.5%。该系统具有除尘、水回收和传热的强大协同作用。在相对湿度为90%、电压为22.5 kV时，最大集水效率为772.78 kg/kWh，潜热回收输入比为489。该技术的能源成本为0.1-0.3元/千瓦时，水价为5-8元/吨，具有巨大的节能节水应用潜力。

{"title":"Investigation on heat exchange assisted wet electrostatic precipitator in dust removal, heat transfer enhancement process and water collection","authors":"Hui Fu , Shaokang Meng , Xiaonan Luo , Qinzhen Zheng , Shuran Li , Zhen Liu , Keping Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2026.104231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A heat-exchange-assisted wire-tube electrostatic precipitator (HEAT-ESP) is proposed to mitigate wet plumes and improve PM<sub>2.5</sub> capture in conventional ESPs. By cooling the collection electrode, the system enables simultaneous flue gas purification and heat recovery. Flue gas temperature and humidity significantly enhance discharge performance, increasing dust removal efficiency by up to 12.5 %, water recovery by 30.2 %, and heat transfer by 17.2 %. Particle concentration slightly reduces discharge current but improves overall performance, with gains of 10.0–16.5 % at 45 kV. The system exhibits strong synergy among dust removal, water recovery, and heat transfer. At the relative humidity of 90 % and a voltage of 22.5 kV, the maximum water harvesting efficiency and latent heat recovery-to-input ratio reach 772.78 kg/kWh and 489, respectively. With energy costing 0.1–0.3 CNY/kWh and water priced at 5–8 CNY/ton, this technology offers strong potential for energy and water conservation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Journal of Electrostatics

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀