Journal of Electrostatics最新文献

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Trap energy distribution in aircraft dielectric materials through surface potential decay method 利用表面电位衰减法捕获飞机介质材料中的能量分布

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104181

Dong Chen, XiaoFeng Hu, Lei Wang, Ming Wei, JianPing Zhang, Shuai Zhou

Charge deposition on aircraft insulation material surfaces is challenging to discharge via electrostatic discharger, potentially leading to streamer discharge and interference with avionic systems. To mitigate this risk and enhance flight safety, a quantitative understanding of charge trap distributions in these materials is essential. Three common aircraft dielectric materials—fiberglass epoxy, silicon carbide, and epoxy resin—were selected to conduct surface potential decay experiments. By systematically analyzing the potential decay characteristics of these materials under two corona charging polarities, their electron and hole trap distribution parameters were accurately determined. The results demonstrate that fiberglass epoxy exhibits predominant deep traps (1.025 eV) for both electrons and holes with high density (>7 × 10¹⁹ m⁻³), leading to significantly slower potential decay (τ_10 % > 7000 s) and stronger charge binding capacity. Silicon carbide possesses dominant shallow electron traps (0.95 eV, 1.8 × 10²⁰ m⁻³) resulting in faster decay (τ_10 % < 2000 s). Epoxy resin also features primarily shallow traps for both carriers (0.93–0.96 eV), with decay times exceeding 3200 s. These distinct trap distribution characteristics (energy, density, and dominance of shallow/deep levels) arise from inherent material microstructural differences (e.g., polar groups, crystalline defects, interfacial structures) and directly govern their charge accumulation and dissipation dynamics in specific aircraft applications (radomes, engine components, structural parts). The findings provide quantitative data for optimizing aircraft dielectric material selection and electrostatic protection design.

飞机绝缘材料表面的电荷沉积是一项具有挑战性的静电放电技术，可能导致流带放电并干扰航空电子系统。为了减轻这种风险并提高飞行安全，定量了解这些材料中的电荷陷阱分布是必不可少的。选取三种常用的飞机介质材料——玻璃纤维环氧树脂、碳化硅和环氧树脂进行表面电位衰减实验。通过系统分析这些材料在两种电晕充电极性下的电位衰减特性，准确确定了它们的电子和空穴阱分布参数。结果表明，玻璃纤维环氧树脂在高密度（>7 × 1019 m−3）的电子和空穴中均表现出明显的深阱（1.025 eV），从而显著减缓了电位衰减（τ 10% > 7000 s）和更强的电荷结合能力。碳化硅具有优势的浅电子陷阱（0.95 eV, 1.8 × 1020 m−3），导致更快的衰变（τ 10% < 2000 s）。环氧树脂还主要具有两种载流子（0.93-0.96 eV）的浅阱，衰变时间超过3200秒。这些不同的陷阱分布特征（能量、密度和浅/深能级的优势）源于固有的材料微观结构差异（例如，极性基团、晶体缺陷、界面结构），并直接控制着它们在特定飞机应用（天线罩、发动机部件、结构件）中的电荷积累和耗散动力学。研究结果为优化飞机介质材料选择和静电防护设计提供了定量数据。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced oxidation of airborne m-xylene in combination of pulsed corona discharge and post-plasma photocatalysis 脉冲电晕放电与等离子体后光催化联合深度氧化空气中间二甲苯

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104184

Kristen Altof, Marina Krichevskaya, Sergei Preis, Juri Bolobajev

This study investigates the efficiency of a plug flow post-plasma catalysis air purification system for the removal of m-xylene (40 ± 5 ppm) from air. The treatment system consists of a pulsed corona discharge (PCD) reactor followed by a photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reactor, arranged in series to enhance pollutant degradation. Experiments were conducted under varying conditions, including air flow rates from 2 to 10 m³ h⁻¹, and relative humidity levels of 2.5 % (dry air), 35 % (humid air), and 65 % (sprinkler-assisted humidification within the PCD reactor). In addition, the pulse frequency of the PCD reactor varied between 100 and 800 pulses per second, allowing evaluation of its influence on treatment performance. The study provides insight into how operational parameters affect the degradation efficiency of m-xylene in a continuous-flow system. The results highlight the synergistic potential of post-plasma photocatalysis for air purification and potential shortcomings like ozone, nitrogen oxides and by-product formation.

本研究考察了塞流等离子体后催化空气净化系统去除空气中间二甲苯（40±5 ppm）的效率。处理系统由脉冲电晕放电（PCD）反应器和光催化氧化（PCO）反应器串联组成，以增强污染物的降解能力。实验在不同条件下进行，包括空气流速从2到10 m3 h - 1，相对湿度水平为2.5%（干燥空气），35%（潮湿空气）和65% （PCD反应器内喷头辅助加湿）。此外，PCD反应器的脉冲频率在每秒100到800脉冲之间变化，可以评估其对处理性能的影响。该研究深入了解了操作参数如何影响连续流系统中间二甲苯的降解效率。研究结果强调了等离子体后光催化在空气净化方面的协同潜力，以及臭氧、氮氧化物和副产品形成等潜在缺点。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical investigations of DC corona discharge in the triode system 三极管系统直流电晕放电的实验与数值研究

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104186

Sabrina Chouali , Ahmed Kasdi , Lucian Dascalescu , Zehira Ziari , Thami Zeghloul

One practical application of corona discharge is the electrostatic charging of insulating materials to confer specific electrical properties. The “triode” electrode system is then frequently used to direct and control the charge level. The aim of this article is to characterize numerically and experimentally this electrode arrangement in order to optimize the charging process. In the present work, an innovative grid consisting of a set of parallel wires was utilized. The geometry of this new grid facilitated a numerical investigation of corona discharge in the triode configuration by employing a 2D simulation performed in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The study explores the effect of variation of different parameters such as wire-to-plane distance, grid-to-plane spacing, inter-wire gap of the grid, applied voltage polarity and grid potential. It was found that the introduction of the grid into the inter-electrode space, as well as the variation of its various parameters, has a considerable impact on the discharge characteristics, modifying both the amplitude and the shape of the electric field and space charge on the ground plane. The results also show a satisfactory correlation between experimental and simulation values, confirming the validity of the numerical model with the new grid.

电晕放电的一个实际应用是绝缘材料的静电充电，以赋予特定的电性能。“三极管”电极系统然后经常用于指导和控制电荷水平。本文的目的是通过数值和实验表征这种电极排列，以优化充电过程。在本工作中，采用了一种由一组平行导线组成的创新网格。利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件进行的二维模拟，这种新网格的几何形状有助于对三极管配置中的电晕放电进行数值研究。研究了线面间距、栅极间距、栅极线间间隙、外加电压极性和栅极电位等参数变化的影响。研究发现，在电极间空间引入栅极及其各参数的变化对放电特性有相当大的影响，改变了地平面上电场和空间电荷的幅度和形状。实验结果与仿真结果吻合良好，验证了新网格下数值模型的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Rapid degradation of methylene blue using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor with a water circulation system 水循环介质阻挡放电等离子体反应器快速降解亚甲基蓝

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104185

Hee Jae Lee , Hae Kwang Kim , Min Woo Kim , Sun Kyung Jung , Kang Il Kim , Ki Bum Kim , Yong Cheol Hong

Methylene blue (MB, C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S) in water was efficiently degraded using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. The air plasma generated by the flat-DBD system was introduced into the MB solution through a micro-bubbler. Despite the short lifetimes of the active species formed in plasma, they effectively decomposed contaminants upon contact with water. This study investigated the influence of various factors, including air flow rate, initial solution concentration, ozone production, and energy yield, on MB degradation. The results showed that the proposed plasma reactor could efficiently degrade MB. Furthermore, a mechanism to enhance the reaction rate was optimized using the flat-DBD plasma module and a 300-L circulating treatment system. With an initial MB concentration of 5 mg/L, one cycle from the 1000-L tank to the 300-L reactor took 50 min, achieving a 97.5 % degradation rate after 60 min. The energy yield for MB degradation was 22.5 g/kWh, and ozone production reached 3.9 g/h. A potential rapid degradation pathway for the MB solution is proposed in this study. This reactor design shows promising potential for applications related to the degradation of MB in dyeing wastewater and industrial processes.

采用介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体反应器对水中亚甲基蓝（MB, C16H18ClN3S）进行了高效降解。平板- dbd系统产生的空气等离子体通过微起泡器引入到MB溶液中。尽管等离子体中形成的活性物质寿命短，但它们与水接触后能有效地分解污染物。本研究考察了空气流速、初始溶液浓度、臭氧生成和能量生成等因素对MB降解的影响。实验结果表明，该等离子体反应器能有效地降解MB，并通过平板- dbd等离子体模块和300-L循环处理系统优化了提高反应速率的机制。在初始MB浓度为5 mg/L的条件下，从1000 L池到300 L反应器的循环时间为50 min， 60 min后降解率达到97.5%。降解MB的能量产率为22.5 g/kWh，臭氧产率为3.9 g/h。本研究提出了一种潜在的MB溶液快速降解途径。该反应器设计在印染废水和工业过程中降解甲基溴方面显示出良好的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable micro energy harvesting using cryogenically processed bio-waste natural human hair as a triboelectric material 利用低温处理过的生物废弃物——天然人类头发——作为摩擦电材料的可持续微能量收集

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104183

Yuvanraj Selvaraj, Lakmini Jayasingha, Gihan Amarasinghe, Sumedha Jayanetti

Circular economy incorporates reuse, remanufacturing, and modernization of biodegradable materials to be used in green energy applications. This study compares the triboelectric properties of cryogenically embrittled bio-waste natural human hair (LN2-hair) based TENG with a TENG developed using human hair processed at room temperature (RT-hair). Morphological and electrical characterization showed that the LN2-hair particles with microfractures and porous structures (∼1 μm) had an average size of ∼300 μm compared to that of RT hair (∼700 μm). The power density (∼327 mWm⁻²) of LN2-hair TENG was larger than an equally-sized RT-hair TENG (∼141 mWm⁻²), demonstrating stability for thousands of tapping cycles.

循环经济结合了生物可降解材料的再利用、再制造和现代化，用于绿色能源的应用。本研究比较了低温脆化生物废弃物天然人发（LN2-hair）的摩擦学性能与利用室温处理的人发（RT-hair）开发的摩擦学性能。形态学和电学表征表明，与RT毛发（~ 700 μm）相比，具有微断裂和多孔结构（~ 1 μm）的ln2毛发颗粒的平均尺寸为~ 300 μm。ln2 -毛发TENG的功率密度（~ 327 mWm−2）大于同等大小的rt -毛发TENG (~ 141 mWm−2)，显示出数千次攻丝循环的稳定性。

引用次数: 0

Subcritical crack monitoring in rocks using combined electromagnetic and acoustic emission analysis 岩石亚临界裂纹的电磁声发射联合监测

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104180

Maciej A. Noras , Hunter Mathis , Jagat Joshi , Alex Rinehart , Marissa Fichera , Martha-Cary Eppes

This paper presents the use of a sensor fusion technique that combines acoustic emission (AE) and electric field (EME) sensors for the detection of cracking in rocks and man-made materials. The research focuses on subcritical cracking processes, which are often difficult to detect with traditional methods.AE and EME signals alone are often noisy and unreliable. Combining both sensors improves sensitivity and spatial resolution. Signal processing further enhances detection. Tests were performed on granite samples under controlled conditions. Results show consistent signal patterns during crack growth. The method shows promise for future outdoor field applications.

本文介绍了一种结合声发射（AE）和电场（EME）传感器的传感器融合技术，用于检测岩石和人造材料中的裂纹。研究的重点是亚临界开裂过程，这是传统方法难以检测的。单独的声发射和电磁信号往往是嘈杂和不可靠的。结合两种传感器可以提高灵敏度和空间分辨率。信号处理进一步增强了检测。在控制条件下对花岗岩样品进行了试验。结果表明，裂纹扩展过程中的信号模式一致。该方法有望在未来的户外现场应用。

引用次数: 0

The scaling of triboelectric charging powder drops for industrial applications 用于工业应用的摩擦充电粉末滴的结垢

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166

Tom F. O’Hara , Ellen Player , Graham Ackroyd , Peter J. Caine , Karen L. Aplin

Triboelectrification of granular materials is a poorly understood phenomenon that alters particle behaviour, impacting industrial processes such as bulk powder handling and conveying. At small scales (

<

2 g) net charging of powders has been shown to vary linearly with the total particle surface area and hence mass for a given size distribution. This work investigates the scaling relation of granular triboelectric charging, with small, medium (2–200 g), and large-scale (

\sim

400 kg) laboratory testing of industrially relevant materials using a custom powder dropping apparatus and Faraday cup measurements. Our results demonstrate that this scaling is broken before industrially relevant scales are reached. Charge (Q) scaling with mass (m) was fitted with a function of the form

Q \propto m^{b}

and

b

exponents ranging from

0.68 \pm 0.01

0.86 \pm 0.02

were determined. These exponents lie between those that would be expected from the surface area of the bulk powder (

b = 2 / 3

) and the total particle surface area (

b = 1

). This scaling relation is found to hold across the powders tested and remains robust under varying humidity, despite changes in the absolute charge magnitude.

颗粒材料的摩擦起电是一种鲜为人知的现象，它改变了颗粒的行为，影响了诸如散装粉末处理和输送等工业过程。在小尺度下（2克），粉末的净电荷已被证明与总颗粒表面积线性变化，因此对于给定的尺寸分布质量。这项工作研究了颗粒摩擦电荷的结垢关系，使用定制的粉末跌落装置和法拉第杯测量对工业相关材料进行了小、中（2-200 g）和大（~ 400 kg）的实验室测试。我们的研究结果表明，在达到工业相关规模之前，这种规模被打破了。电荷(Q)随质量(m)的标度拟合为Q∝mb的函数，其指数范围为0.68±0.01 ~ 0.86±0.02。这些指数介于散装粉末的表面积（b=2/3）和总颗粒表面积（b=1）之间。这种缩放关系被发现在测试的粉末中保持不变，并且在不同的湿度下保持稳健，尽管绝对电荷大小发生了变化。

{"title":"The scaling of triboelectric charging powder drops for industrial applications","authors":"Tom F. O’Hara , Ellen Player , Graham Ackroyd , Peter J. Caine , Karen L. Aplin","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectrification of granular materials is a poorly understood phenomenon that alters particle behaviour, impacting industrial processes such as bulk powder handling and conveying. At small scales (<span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>2 g) net charging of powders has been shown to vary linearly with the total particle surface area and hence mass for a given size distribution. This work investigates the scaling relation of granular triboelectric charging, with small, medium (2–200 g), and large-scale (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>400 kg) laboratory testing of industrially relevant materials using a custom powder dropping apparatus and Faraday cup measurements. Our results demonstrate that this scaling is broken before industrially relevant scales are reached. Charge (Q) scaling with mass (m) was fitted with a function of the form <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mo>∝</mo><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> exponents ranging from <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>68</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>86</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>02</mn></mrow></math></span> were determined. These exponents lie between those that would be expected from the surface area of the bulk powder (<span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>) and the total particle surface area (<span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>). This scaling relation is found to hold across the powders tested and remains robust under varying humidity, despite changes in the absolute charge magnitude.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of two plate-to-plate electrode configurations for dust resistivity measurement 灰尘电阻率测量两种板对板电极结构的比较分析

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163

László Székely, István Kiss

Dust resistivity is a key parameter in the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, yet its measurement is influenced by numerous environmental and methodological factors. In this study, the specific resistivity of coal, biomass, and mixed-fuel-derived dust samples was investigated using two plate-to-plate electrode arrangements under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Arrangement #1 used square electrodes and vibratory compaction, while Arrangement #2 used cylindrical electrodes with weight-based compaction and a guarding ring to reduce edge effects. Measurements were performed across six temperature levels (30–180 °C) in both heating and cooling cycles, revealing temperature- and humidity-dependent shifts from surface to bulk conduction mechanisms. Time-dependent resistivity profiles were recorded at fixed intervals to capture polarization effects. Results indicated that Arrangement #2 generally produced lower resistivity values, likely due to enhanced compaction and increased surface contact. The experiments also highlighted discrepancies in repeatability and compaction sensitivity between arrangements. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of dust conduction mechanisms and inform the design of future measurement protocols.

粉尘电阻率是影响静电除尘器效能的一个关键参数，其测量受多种环境和方法因素的影响。在本研究中，在控制温度和湿度的条件下，采用两种板对板电极布置，研究了煤、生物质和混合燃料衍生粉尘样品的比电阻率。排列1使用方形电极和振动压实，而排列2使用圆柱形电极与基于重量的压实和保护环，以减少边缘影响。在加热和冷却循环中进行了6个温度水平（30-180°C）的测量，揭示了从表面到体传导机制的温度和湿度依赖变化。以固定间隔记录随时间变化的电阻率曲线，以捕捉极化效应。结果表明，布置2通常产生较低的电阻率值，这可能是由于压实增强和表面接触增加所致。实验还强调了不同排列之间在可重复性和压实灵敏度上的差异。这些发现有助于更深入地了解粉尘传导机制，并为未来测量方案的设计提供信息。

{"title":"Comparative analysis of two plate-to-plate electrode configurations for dust resistivity measurement","authors":"László Székely, István Kiss","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dust resistivity is a key parameter in the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, yet its measurement is influenced by numerous environmental and methodological factors. In this study, the specific resistivity of coal, biomass, and mixed-fuel-derived dust samples was investigated using two plate-to-plate electrode arrangements under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Arrangement #1 used square electrodes and vibratory compaction, while Arrangement #2 used cylindrical electrodes with weight-based compaction and a guarding ring to reduce edge effects. Measurements were performed across six temperature levels (30–180 °C) in both heating and cooling cycles, revealing temperature- and humidity-dependent shifts from surface to bulk conduction mechanisms. Time-dependent resistivity profiles were recorded at fixed intervals to capture polarization effects. Results indicated that Arrangement #2 generally produced lower resistivity values, likely due to enhanced compaction and increased surface contact. The experiments also highlighted discrepancies in repeatability and compaction sensitivity between arrangements. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of dust conduction mechanisms and inform the design of future measurement protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triboelectric properties on treated human hair: a mesoscale method to measure the surface potential 处理过的人类头发的摩擦电特性：测量表面电位的中尺度方法

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162

Md Arifur Rahman , Rudolf Kiefer , Indrek Must , Tarmo Tamm

The anti-static effect is an increasingly valuable asset for hair treatment products, holding an increasing economic share. Hair care industries are increasingly looking for quantitative methods for hair treatment assessment, yet the multiscale nature of hair challenges the comparative assessment of its triboelectric properties. This study presents a straightforward methodology for measuring the surface potential of human hair at the mesoscale. Instead of studying microscale local charges highly accurately or bundling large bunches of hair for averaging, an intermediate approach was designed. The method was validated by varying both the hair count and the sample distance from the sensor. The results showed that the method can distinguish the surface charge of bleached hair from those of chemically untreated or mildly peptide treated. The variations in static charge were linked to the hair properties after the treatments, as assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The availability of a relatively simple technique to obtain quantified measurements of hair condition after treatment will enable hair care product manufacturers to identify potential defects, ensuring their products treat damaged hair to the required specifications and quality standards.

防静电效果是美发产品越来越有价值的资产，占有越来越大的经济份额。护发行业正在越来越多地寻找定量方法来评估头发治疗，但头发的多尺度性质挑战了其摩擦电特性的比较评估。这项研究提出了一种在中尺度上测量人类头发表面电位的简单方法。设计了一种中间方法，代替了高精度地研究微尺度局部电荷或将大量毛发束成束进行平均的方法。通过改变毛发数和样品与传感器的距离来验证该方法。结果表明，该方法可以将漂白后的头发表面电荷与化学处理或轻度肽处理的头发表面电荷区分开来。根据傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜的评估，静电电荷的变化与处理后头发的特性有关。一种相对简单的技术可以获得治疗后头发状况的量化测量，这将使护发产品制造商能够识别潜在的缺陷，确保他们的产品治疗受损的头发达到所需的规格和质量标准。

{"title":"Triboelectric properties on treated human hair: a mesoscale method to measure the surface potential","authors":"Md Arifur Rahman , Rudolf Kiefer , Indrek Must , Tarmo Tamm","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anti-static effect is an increasingly valuable asset for hair treatment products, holding an increasing economic share. Hair care industries are increasingly looking for quantitative methods for hair treatment assessment, yet the multiscale nature of hair challenges the comparative assessment of its triboelectric properties. This study presents a straightforward methodology for measuring the surface potential of human hair at the mesoscale. Instead of studying microscale local charges highly accurately or bundling large bunches of hair for averaging, an intermediate approach was designed. The method was validated by varying both the hair count and the sample distance from the sensor. The results showed that the method can distinguish the surface charge of bleached hair from those of chemically untreated or mildly peptide treated. The variations in static charge were linked to the hair properties after the treatments, as assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The availability of a relatively simple technique to obtain quantified measurements of hair condition after treatment will enable hair care product manufacturers to identify potential defects, ensuring their products treat damaged hair to the required specifications and quality standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of electrostatic 6D phase space detector for keV ions 静电6D离子相空间检测器的设计

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Journal of Electrostatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104165

Žiga Brenčič , Mitja Kelemen , Matevž Skobe , Simon Širca

One of the key issues in the field of ion optics is to know the properties of the ion beam: what is the beam energy distribution (

E

), the beam momentum distribution (

p_{x}

p_{y}

) and how the beam is distributed in the plane (

x

y

) perpendicular to the beam direction (

z

). In other words, we want to know what the full 6D phase space of the ion beam is like. In this paper, we present the design and results of the first tests of a fully electrostatic emittance scanner that can determine the 6D phase space of low-energy ion beams of up to 30 keV. The concept of a fully electrostatic 6D emittance scanner presents a robust and much simpler alternative to existing methods.

离子光学领域的关键问题之一是了解离子束的性质：束流能量分布(E)是什么，束流动量分布（px, py）是什么，以及束流在垂直于束流方向(z)的平面（x, y）上是如何分布的。换句话说，我们想知道离子束的整个6D相空间是什么样的。在本文中，我们介绍了一种全静电发射扫描仪的设计和第一次测试的结果，该扫描仪可以确定高达30 keV的低能离子束的6D相空间。全静电6D发射扫描仪的概念提供了一种强大且更简单的替代现有方法。

引用次数: 0

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