Circular economy incorporates reuse, remanufacturing, and modernization of biodegradable materials to be used in green energy applications. This study compares the triboelectric properties of cryogenically embrittled bio-waste natural human hair (LN2-hair) based TENG with a TENG developed using human hair processed at room temperature (RT-hair). Morphological and electrical characterization showed that the LN2-hair particles with microfractures and porous structures (∼1 μm) had an average size of ∼300 μm compared to that of RT hair (∼700 μm). The power density (∼327 mWm−2) of LN2-hair TENG was larger than an equally-sized RT-hair TENG (∼141 mWm−2), demonstrating stability for thousands of tapping cycles.
{"title":"Sustainable micro energy harvesting using cryogenically processed bio-waste natural human hair as a triboelectric material","authors":"Yuvanraj Selvaraj, Lakmini Jayasingha, Gihan Amarasinghe, Sumedha Jayanetti","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circular economy incorporates reuse, remanufacturing, and modernization of biodegradable materials to be used in green energy applications. This study compares the triboelectric properties of cryogenically embrittled bio-waste natural human hair (LN2-hair) based TENG with a TENG developed using human hair processed at room temperature (RT-hair). Morphological and electrical characterization showed that the LN2-hair particles with microfractures and porous structures (∼1 μm) had an average size of ∼300 μm compared to that of RT hair (∼700 μm). The power density (∼327 mWm<sup>−2</sup>) of LN2-hair TENG was larger than an equally-sized RT-hair TENG (∼141 mWm<sup>−2</sup>), demonstrating stability for thousands of tapping cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104180
Maciej A. Noras , Hunter Mathis , Jagat Joshi , Alex Rinehart , Marissa Fichera , Martha-Cary Eppes
This paper presents the use of a sensor fusion technique that combines acoustic emission (AE) and electric field (EME) sensors for the detection of cracking in rocks and man-made materials. The research focuses on subcritical cracking processes, which are often difficult to detect with traditional methods.AE and EME signals alone are often noisy and unreliable. Combining both sensors improves sensitivity and spatial resolution. Signal processing further enhances detection. Tests were performed on granite samples under controlled conditions. Results show consistent signal patterns during crack growth. The method shows promise for future outdoor field applications.
{"title":"Subcritical crack monitoring in rocks using combined electromagnetic and acoustic emission analysis","authors":"Maciej A. Noras , Hunter Mathis , Jagat Joshi , Alex Rinehart , Marissa Fichera , Martha-Cary Eppes","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the use of a sensor fusion technique that combines acoustic emission (AE) and electric field (EME) sensors for the detection of cracking in rocks and man-made materials. The research focuses on subcritical cracking processes, which are often difficult to detect with traditional methods.AE and EME signals alone are often noisy and unreliable. Combining both sensors improves sensitivity and spatial resolution. Signal processing further enhances detection. Tests were performed on granite samples under controlled conditions. Results show consistent signal patterns during crack growth. The method shows promise for future outdoor field applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166
Tom F. O’Hara , Ellen Player , Graham Ackroyd , Peter J. Caine , Karen L. Aplin
Triboelectrification of granular materials is a poorly understood phenomenon that alters particle behaviour, impacting industrial processes such as bulk powder handling and conveying. At small scales (2 g) net charging of powders has been shown to vary linearly with the total particle surface area and hence mass for a given size distribution. This work investigates the scaling relation of granular triboelectric charging, with small, medium (2–200 g), and large-scale (400 kg) laboratory testing of industrially relevant materials using a custom powder dropping apparatus and Faraday cup measurements. Our results demonstrate that this scaling is broken before industrially relevant scales are reached. Charge (Q) scaling with mass (m) was fitted with a function of the form and exponents ranging from to were determined. These exponents lie between those that would be expected from the surface area of the bulk powder () and the total particle surface area (). This scaling relation is found to hold across the powders tested and remains robust under varying humidity, despite changes in the absolute charge magnitude.
{"title":"The scaling of triboelectric charging powder drops for industrial applications","authors":"Tom F. O’Hara , Ellen Player , Graham Ackroyd , Peter J. Caine , Karen L. Aplin","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectrification of granular materials is a poorly understood phenomenon that alters particle behaviour, impacting industrial processes such as bulk powder handling and conveying. At small scales (<span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>2 g) net charging of powders has been shown to vary linearly with the total particle surface area and hence mass for a given size distribution. This work investigates the scaling relation of granular triboelectric charging, with small, medium (2–200 g), and large-scale (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>400 kg) laboratory testing of industrially relevant materials using a custom powder dropping apparatus and Faraday cup measurements. Our results demonstrate that this scaling is broken before industrially relevant scales are reached. Charge (Q) scaling with mass (m) was fitted with a function of the form <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mo>∝</mo><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> exponents ranging from <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>68</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>86</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>02</mn></mrow></math></span> were determined. These exponents lie between those that would be expected from the surface area of the bulk powder (<span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>) and the total particle surface area (<span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>). This scaling relation is found to hold across the powders tested and remains robust under varying humidity, despite changes in the absolute charge magnitude.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163
László Székely, István Kiss
Dust resistivity is a key parameter in the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, yet its measurement is influenced by numerous environmental and methodological factors. In this study, the specific resistivity of coal, biomass, and mixed-fuel-derived dust samples was investigated using two plate-to-plate electrode arrangements under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Arrangement #1 used square electrodes and vibratory compaction, while Arrangement #2 used cylindrical electrodes with weight-based compaction and a guarding ring to reduce edge effects. Measurements were performed across six temperature levels (30–180 °C) in both heating and cooling cycles, revealing temperature- and humidity-dependent shifts from surface to bulk conduction mechanisms. Time-dependent resistivity profiles were recorded at fixed intervals to capture polarization effects. Results indicated that Arrangement #2 generally produced lower resistivity values, likely due to enhanced compaction and increased surface contact. The experiments also highlighted discrepancies in repeatability and compaction sensitivity between arrangements. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of dust conduction mechanisms and inform the design of future measurement protocols.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of two plate-to-plate electrode configurations for dust resistivity measurement","authors":"László Székely, István Kiss","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dust resistivity is a key parameter in the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, yet its measurement is influenced by numerous environmental and methodological factors. In this study, the specific resistivity of coal, biomass, and mixed-fuel-derived dust samples was investigated using two plate-to-plate electrode arrangements under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Arrangement #1 used square electrodes and vibratory compaction, while Arrangement #2 used cylindrical electrodes with weight-based compaction and a guarding ring to reduce edge effects. Measurements were performed across six temperature levels (30–180 °C) in both heating and cooling cycles, revealing temperature- and humidity-dependent shifts from surface to bulk conduction mechanisms. Time-dependent resistivity profiles were recorded at fixed intervals to capture polarization effects. Results indicated that Arrangement #2 generally produced lower resistivity values, likely due to enhanced compaction and increased surface contact. The experiments also highlighted discrepancies in repeatability and compaction sensitivity between arrangements. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of dust conduction mechanisms and inform the design of future measurement protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162
Md Arifur Rahman , Rudolf Kiefer , Indrek Must , Tarmo Tamm
The anti-static effect is an increasingly valuable asset for hair treatment products, holding an increasing economic share. Hair care industries are increasingly looking for quantitative methods for hair treatment assessment, yet the multiscale nature of hair challenges the comparative assessment of its triboelectric properties. This study presents a straightforward methodology for measuring the surface potential of human hair at the mesoscale. Instead of studying microscale local charges highly accurately or bundling large bunches of hair for averaging, an intermediate approach was designed. The method was validated by varying both the hair count and the sample distance from the sensor. The results showed that the method can distinguish the surface charge of bleached hair from those of chemically untreated or mildly peptide treated. The variations in static charge were linked to the hair properties after the treatments, as assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The availability of a relatively simple technique to obtain quantified measurements of hair condition after treatment will enable hair care product manufacturers to identify potential defects, ensuring their products treat damaged hair to the required specifications and quality standards.
{"title":"Triboelectric properties on treated human hair: a mesoscale method to measure the surface potential","authors":"Md Arifur Rahman , Rudolf Kiefer , Indrek Must , Tarmo Tamm","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anti-static effect is an increasingly valuable asset for hair treatment products, holding an increasing economic share. Hair care industries are increasingly looking for quantitative methods for hair treatment assessment, yet the multiscale nature of hair challenges the comparative assessment of its triboelectric properties. This study presents a straightforward methodology for measuring the surface potential of human hair at the mesoscale. Instead of studying microscale local charges highly accurately or bundling large bunches of hair for averaging, an intermediate approach was designed. The method was validated by varying both the hair count and the sample distance from the sensor. The results showed that the method can distinguish the surface charge of bleached hair from those of chemically untreated or mildly peptide treated. The variations in static charge were linked to the hair properties after the treatments, as assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The availability of a relatively simple technique to obtain quantified measurements of hair condition after treatment will enable hair care product manufacturers to identify potential defects, ensuring their products treat damaged hair to the required specifications and quality standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the key issues in the field of ion optics is to know the properties of the ion beam: what is the beam energy distribution (), the beam momentum distribution (, ) and how the beam is distributed in the plane (, ) perpendicular to the beam direction (). In other words, we want to know what the full 6D phase space of the ion beam is like. In this paper, we present the design and results of the first tests of a fully electrostatic emittance scanner that can determine the 6D phase space of low-energy ion beams of up to 30 keV. The concept of a fully electrostatic 6D emittance scanner presents a robust and much simpler alternative to existing methods.
{"title":"Design of electrostatic 6D phase space detector for keV ions","authors":"Žiga Brenčič , Mitja Kelemen , Matevž Skobe , Simon Širca","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the key issues in the field of ion optics is to know the properties of the ion beam: what is the beam energy distribution (<span><math><mi>E</mi></math></span>), the beam momentum distribution (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) and how the beam is distributed in the plane (<span><math><mi>x</mi></math></span>, <span><math><mi>y</mi></math></span>) perpendicular to the beam direction (<span><math><mi>z</mi></math></span>). In other words, we want to know what the full 6D phase space of the ion beam is like. In this paper, we present the design and results of the first tests of a fully electrostatic emittance scanner that can determine the 6D phase space of low-energy ion beams of up to 30 keV. The concept of a fully electrostatic 6D emittance scanner presents a robust and much simpler alternative to existing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104168
Khaled Daioui, Thami Zeghloul, Lucian Dascalescu
An operation of electric charge neutralization is often integrated in complex electrostatic separation processes targeted at the selective sorting of the constituents of granular mixtures in a wide range of industrial applications. The aim of the present work is to prove the possibility of increasing the charge elimination efficiency of a commercial air-assisted neutralizer, under various dynamic conditions simulating realistic industrial scenarios. Three experimental setups were tested. In the first one, particles were charged by triboelectric effect and then transported by a grounded metallic conveyor belt before being subjected to ionic bombardment from the commercial neutralizer. The second configuration employed a custom-designed rotating-roll corona-electrostatic separator. Particles were charged by corona discharge and then transported on the rotating roll electrode before being neutralized by an air-assisted ionizer installed opposite the roll electrode. In the third experimental configuration, the neutralization system was installed downstream from the particle detachment step of the second configuration. After being dislodged from the grounded rotating drum by a mechanical brush, the charged insulating particles fell freely under gravity through the ionization zone. This zone comprised the commercial ionizing neutralizer positioned opposite a grounded rectangular metal plate. The factors investigated were the applied voltage (Un) and the distance (dn) between the neutralizing electrode and the grounded (belt, roll, the plate) electrode, as well as the air velocity (v). The findings highlight the substantial role of airflow in enhancing ion dispersion and promoting charge neutralization, particularly through its interaction with the electric field geometry and particle dynamics. For instance, residual charge-to-mass ratio dropped to as low as 1–2 nC/g in the first configuration at air velocity of 2 m/s. This study clearly demonstrates the critical importance of finely tuning geometry, electrical field strength, and air dynamics to optimize electrostatic neutralization. These findings provide valuable guidelines for designing more efficient electrostatic separation systems, particularly for industrial recycling processes involving insulating materials.
{"title":"Electric charge neutralization of granular materials using an air-assisted ionizer under different operational conditions","authors":"Khaled Daioui, Thami Zeghloul, Lucian Dascalescu","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An operation of electric charge neutralization is often integrated in complex electrostatic separation processes targeted at the selective sorting of the constituents of granular mixtures in a wide range of industrial applications. The aim of the present work is to prove the possibility of increasing the charge elimination efficiency of a commercial air-assisted neutralizer, under various dynamic conditions simulating realistic industrial scenarios. Three experimental setups were tested. In the first one, particles were charged by triboelectric effect and then transported by a grounded metallic conveyor belt before being subjected to ionic bombardment from the commercial neutralizer. The second configuration employed a custom-designed rotating-roll corona-electrostatic separator. Particles were charged by corona discharge and then transported on the rotating roll electrode before being neutralized by an air-assisted ionizer installed opposite the roll electrode. In the third experimental configuration, the neutralization system was installed downstream from the particle detachment step of the second configuration. After being dislodged from the grounded rotating drum by a mechanical brush, the charged insulating particles fell freely under gravity through the ionization zone. This zone comprised the commercial ionizing neutralizer positioned opposite a grounded rectangular metal plate. The factors investigated were the applied voltage (<em>U</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>) and the distance (<em>d</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>) between the neutralizing electrode and the grounded (belt, roll, the plate) electrode, as well as the air velocity (<em>v</em>). The findings highlight the substantial role of airflow in enhancing ion dispersion and promoting charge neutralization, particularly through its interaction with the electric field geometry and particle dynamics. For instance, residual charge-to-mass ratio dropped to as low as 1–2 nC/g in the first configuration at air velocity of 2 m/s. This study clearly demonstrates the critical importance of finely tuning geometry, electrical field strength, and air dynamics to optimize electrostatic neutralization. These findings provide valuable guidelines for designing more efficient electrostatic separation systems, particularly for industrial recycling processes involving insulating materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104167
Sophia Gessman, Jeffrey S. Marshall
Usefulness of electric curtains for particle mitigation is limited by formation of particle agglomerates, which can remain immobile for long time durations. Agglomerates can form elongated particle chains or more circular particle islands. The paper reports on experimental and computational studies of electric curtain particle agglomerates. The experiments used size-filtered lunar and Martian regolith to examine agglomerate structure and the conditions that result in agglomerate formation, and mapped metrics characterizing agglomerate size, shape, and density. The computations used combined discrete-element method and boundary-element method to explore the mechanism for formation of particle agglomerates.
{"title":"Chains and islands - Particle agglomeration on a three-phase electric curtain","authors":"Sophia Gessman, Jeffrey S. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Usefulness of electric curtains for particle mitigation is limited by formation of particle agglomerates, which can remain immobile for long time durations. Agglomerates can form elongated particle chains or more circular particle islands. The paper reports on experimental and computational studies of electric curtain particle agglomerates. The experiments used size-filtered lunar and Martian regolith to examine agglomerate structure and the conditions that result in agglomerate formation, and mapped metrics characterizing agglomerate size, shape, and density. The computations used combined discrete-element method and boundary-element method to explore the mechanism for formation of particle agglomerates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104169
Zhaobing Han , He Zhu , Tuoxin Fu , Zhuang Tian
—UHV DC transmission lines have long transmission distance and complex terrain and meteorological conditions along the way. The ion flow field of UHVDC transmission lines is significantly affected by environmental conditions and meteorological factors. Changes in meteorological conditions such as rainfall, wind speed, fog, temperature and humidity will lead to changes in the ion flow field near the UHV DC transmission line corridor. Therefore, it is of great practical value to study the influence of other meteorological conditions on the ion flow field by studying the distribution of synthetic electric field(the resultant electric field generated by multiple electric fields at the same point) and ion current density near the UHV DC transmission line under air humidity conditions. In this paper, a calculation model of ion flow field considering the influence of air humidity is established. Taking Yunguang ±800 kV transmission line as the research object, the ion flow field affected by air humidity is calculated. The distribution law of the surface synthetic electric field and ion flow density affected by air humidity is analyzed, and the validity of the calculation results is verified.
{"title":"Quantitative study on the impact of air humidity on ion flow field and ground Electrical parameters of ±800 kV UHVDC transmission lines","authors":"Zhaobing Han , He Zhu , Tuoxin Fu , Zhuang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>—UHV DC transmission lines have long transmission distance and complex terrain and meteorological conditions along the way. The ion flow field of UHVDC transmission lines is significantly affected by environmental conditions and meteorological factors. Changes in meteorological conditions such as rainfall, wind speed, fog, temperature and humidity will lead to changes in the ion flow field near the UHV DC transmission line corridor. Therefore, it is of great practical value to study the influence of other meteorological conditions on the ion flow field by studying the distribution of synthetic electric field(the resultant electric field generated by multiple electric fields at the same point) and ion current density near the UHV DC transmission line under air humidity conditions. In this paper, a calculation model of ion flow field considering the influence of air humidity is established. Taking Yunguang ±800 kV transmission line as the research object, the ion flow field affected by air humidity is calculated. The distribution law of the surface synthetic electric field and ion flow density affected by air humidity is analyzed, and the validity of the calculation results is verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104148
B.A. De Liso, G. Pio, E. Salzano
The simultaneous exceedance of the flash point and the presence of an external source of ignition such as electrostatic sparks or hot spots lead to a flame-related scenario. Nevertheless, anomalous behaviour can be observed if the liquid is subject to thermal degradation, even below the flash point. This work is dedicated to the specific case of the hazard of combustible liquids due to the insurgence of secondary reactions activated by an ignition source and a constant heat flux to the sample within the range 7 kW/m2 and 50 kW/m2. To this aim, an aqueous solution having 90 %w lactic acid has been analysed experimentally by calorimetric analysis. The temperature of the liquid, the mass loss rate, and the heat release rate for the pool fire of lactic acid have been measured by a cone calorimeter. Results were compared with experimental data from the literature and theoretical data. The use of flash point temperature (regardless of the approach adopted for its evaluation) has been found to lead to non-conservative results on the safe side. Based on the collected data, the use of a cone calorimeter is recommended to evaluate the ignitability of liquid substances exposed to heating sources such as fires.
{"title":"On the ignition hazards of combustible liquid: the case of S-lactic acid water solution","authors":"B.A. De Liso, G. Pio, E. Salzano","doi":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous exceedance of the flash point and the presence of an external source of ignition such as electrostatic sparks or hot spots lead to a flame-related scenario. Nevertheless, anomalous behaviour can be observed if the liquid is subject to thermal degradation, even below the flash point. This work is dedicated to the specific case of the hazard of combustible liquids due to the insurgence of secondary reactions activated by an ignition source and a constant heat flux to the sample within the range 7 kW/m<sup>2</sup> and 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>. To this aim, an aqueous solution having 90 %w lactic acid has been analysed experimentally by calorimetric analysis. The temperature of the liquid, the mass loss rate, and the heat release rate for the pool fire of lactic acid have been measured by a cone calorimeter. Results were compared with experimental data from the literature and theoretical data. The use of flash point temperature (regardless of the approach adopted for its evaluation) has been found to lead to non-conservative results on the safe side. Based on the collected data, the use of a cone calorimeter is recommended to evaluate the ignitability of liquid substances exposed to heating sources such as fires.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrostatics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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