Abstract The morphologies of only 10 of the 93 described species of Aegla Leach, 1820 are known. We describe and illustrate the external morphology of newly-hatched, first-stage juveniles of Aegla jacutinga Marçal & Teixeira in Marçal, Páez, Souza-Shibatta, Sofia & Teixeira, 2020 using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) comparing them with the same stage in other congeners and providing diagnostic characters. Aegla is morphologically a conservative genus, which creates many problems in the identification of its many cryptic species. It thus becomes necessary to refine the taxonomic characters used in the taxonomy of the group by providing a new sets of morphological characters to be analyzed.
{"title":"Description of the first-stage juvenile of <i>Aegla jacutinga</i> Marçal & Teixeira in Marçal, Páez, Souza-Shibatta, Sofia & Teixeira, 2020 (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae) from southeastern Brazil","authors":"Priscila S R Frazato, Gustavo M Teixeira","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The morphologies of only 10 of the 93 described species of Aegla Leach, 1820 are known. We describe and illustrate the external morphology of newly-hatched, first-stage juveniles of Aegla jacutinga Marçal & Teixeira in Marçal, Páez, Souza-Shibatta, Sofia & Teixeira, 2020 using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) comparing them with the same stage in other congeners and providing diagnostic characters. Aegla is morphologically a conservative genus, which creates many problems in the identification of its many cryptic species. It thus becomes necessary to refine the taxonomic characters used in the taxonomy of the group by providing a new sets of morphological characters to be analyzed.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Crayfishes are rather rare in the fossil record, limiting our understanding of their evolutionary history. We describe and discuss a fossil crayfish from the Miocene of Slovenia. This fossil, comprising only the cephalothorax, first pereiopod, and another cheliped, seems closely allied to AustropotamobiusSkorikov, 1907, but also bears an epistome and postorbital carina reminiscent of AstacusFabricius, 1775. For these reasons, it is tentatively assigned to Austropotamobius. It differs from all other Austropotamobius species by the shapes of its epistome cephalic lobe, and postorbital carina, and resemble Austropotamobius torrentium (von Paula Schrank, 1803) most due to its ornamentation. It is therefore described as a new species, Austropotamobius plenicarisp. nov. The new species is associated with brackish water ostracods, most likely reworked from slightly older sediments, suggesting a late Miocene (Messinian) age. The origin of this species and its age show it lived long after the split between Astacus and Austropotamobius, and also probably after the split between the two Austropotamobius species (Au. pallipes and Au. torrentium), and may have been contemporary to, and lived in the area of the diversification of Au. torrentium haplotypes.
小龙虾在化石记录中相当罕见，限制了我们对其进化史的理解。我们描述和讨论来自斯洛文尼亚中新世的小龙虾化石。该化石仅包括头胸，第一种视足动物和另一种足跖动物，似乎与AustropotamobiusSkorikov(1907)密切相关，但也具有令人想起AstacusFabricius(1775)的epistome和后隆突。由于这些原因，它暂时被分配给奥斯波塔莫比斯。它不同于所有其他的Austropotamobius物种的形状是它的头状叶和后脊状突起，而与Austropotamobius torrentium (von Paula Schrank, 1803)最相似的是它的纹饰。因此，它被描述为一个新种，Austropotamobius plenicarisp。11 .这个新物种与咸淡水介形类有关，很可能是在稍古老的沉积物中重新加工而成的，表明它是在中新世晚期(墨西尼亚)。这个物种的起源和年龄表明，它生活在阿斯塔克斯和南波塔莫比斯分裂之后很长一段时间，也可能是在两个南波塔比斯物种分裂之后。苍白和Au。torrentium)，可能与Au同时代，并生活在Au多样化的地区。torrentium单。
{"title":"A new species of <i>Austropotamobius</i> Skorikov, 1907 (Decapoda: Astacidae: Astacidae) from the late Miocene (Messinian) of Slovenia, with remarks on the evolution of European crayfishes","authors":"Rok Gašparič, Denis Audo, Tadashi Kawai, Tea Kolar-Jurkovšek, Miha Marinšek, Bogdan Jurkovšek","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Crayfishes are rather rare in the fossil record, limiting our understanding of their evolutionary history. We describe and discuss a fossil crayfish from the Miocene of Slovenia. This fossil, comprising only the cephalothorax, first pereiopod, and another cheliped, seems closely allied to AustropotamobiusSkorikov, 1907, but also bears an epistome and postorbital carina reminiscent of AstacusFabricius, 1775. For these reasons, it is tentatively assigned to Austropotamobius. It differs from all other Austropotamobius species by the shapes of its epistome cephalic lobe, and postorbital carina, and resemble Austropotamobius torrentium (von Paula Schrank, 1803) most due to its ornamentation. It is therefore described as a new species, Austropotamobius plenicarisp. nov. The new species is associated with brackish water ostracods, most likely reworked from slightly older sediments, suggesting a late Miocene (Messinian) age. The origin of this species and its age show it lived long after the split between Astacus and Austropotamobius, and also probably after the split between the two Austropotamobius species (Au. pallipes and Au. torrentium), and may have been contemporary to, and lived in the area of the diversification of Au. torrentium haplotypes.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emilio Alejandro Alemany-Rodríguez, Sergio Hernández-Trujillo, Yadian Israel La Rosa-Izquierdo
Abstract Estimates of the prevalence of dead zooplankton are increasingly necessary in marine ecological studies. We aimed to identify the relative proportions of live/dead individuals of three of the historically most abundant taxa of zooplankton in Magdalena Bay, Mexico: copepods, decapods, and diplostracans. Abundance data and environmental variability were recorded monthly at neap tides during 2015–2018. Samples were stained with neutral red to distinguish living from dead individuals. Copepods were the most abundant group and showed a significant annual variability in their abundance during the study period. Influenced by a preceding warm spell and the El Niño event of 2015–2016, the lowest abundances and the highest recorded standing mortalities of all three taxa were reported in 2015; standing mortality during El Niño was double that otherwise observed. A significant correlation was found between some of the environmental variables analyzed (salinity, temperature) and increased standing mortalities in copepods and decapods. We found differences between the percentages of live/dead organisms between the years analyzed and also between the taxonomic groups involved (copepods 17%, decapods 21%), which underlines the importance of including mortality analyses in ecological studies of zooplankton.
{"title":"Temporal variability of abundance and non-predation mortality of some major groups of crustacean zooplankton (Diplostraca, Copepoda, and Decapoda) in Magdalena Bay, Baja California, Mexico","authors":"Emilio Alejandro Alemany-Rodríguez, Sergio Hernández-Trujillo, Yadian Israel La Rosa-Izquierdo","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Estimates of the prevalence of dead zooplankton are increasingly necessary in marine ecological studies. We aimed to identify the relative proportions of live/dead individuals of three of the historically most abundant taxa of zooplankton in Magdalena Bay, Mexico: copepods, decapods, and diplostracans. Abundance data and environmental variability were recorded monthly at neap tides during 2015–2018. Samples were stained with neutral red to distinguish living from dead individuals. Copepods were the most abundant group and showed a significant annual variability in their abundance during the study period. Influenced by a preceding warm spell and the El Niño event of 2015–2016, the lowest abundances and the highest recorded standing mortalities of all three taxa were reported in 2015; standing mortality during El Niño was double that otherwise observed. A significant correlation was found between some of the environmental variables analyzed (salinity, temperature) and increased standing mortalities in copepods and decapods. We found differences between the percentages of live/dead organisms between the years analyzed and also between the taxonomic groups involved (copepods 17%, decapods 21%), which underlines the importance of including mortality analyses in ecological studies of zooplankton.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The crustacean infraorder Astacidea is represented by two freshwater (Astacoidea and Parastacoidea) and two marine superfamilies (Enoplometopoidea and Nephropoidea). The antennule setation and sternal morphology were examined in specimens of 1) Parastacoidea: Cherax destructor, C. quadricarinatus, and C. tenuimanus from the Australian mainland; Astacopsis franklinii from Tasmania; C. gherardii, C. monticola, C. peknyi, and C. snowden from New Guinea; Paranephrops planifrons from New Zealand; Parastacus brasiliensis from Brazil; P. pugnax from Chile; and Astacoides madagascarensis from Madagascar; 2) Astacoidea: Pacifastacus leniusculus from Japan (where it is non-native); Procambarus clarkii and P. virginalis from the aquarium trade; and Cambaroides dauricus, C. schrenckii, C. similis, and C. wladiwostockiensis from Russia; 3) Enoplometopoidea: Enoplometopus chacei from Japan; E. debelius and E. occidentalis from the aquarium trade; and 4) Nephropoidea: Homarus americanus from the USA fish market; Metanephrops neptunus from Taiwan; and Metanephrops japonicus, Nephropsis stewari, and Thaumastocheles japonicus from Japan. Antennular setation and sternal morphology were identified as key taxonomic characters to distinguish between the four Astacid superfamilies (Astacoidea, Parastacoidea, Enoplometopoidea, and Nephropoidea). The two new key characters are described and illustrated in detail.
{"title":"The antennular setation and sternal morphology of parastacid crayfishes, with a comparison across Astacidea (Decapoda)","authors":"Tadashi Kawai, Jiří Patoka","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The crustacean infraorder Astacidea is represented by two freshwater (Astacoidea and Parastacoidea) and two marine superfamilies (Enoplometopoidea and Nephropoidea). The antennule setation and sternal morphology were examined in specimens of 1) Parastacoidea: Cherax destructor, C. quadricarinatus, and C. tenuimanus from the Australian mainland; Astacopsis franklinii from Tasmania; C. gherardii, C. monticola, C. peknyi, and C. snowden from New Guinea; Paranephrops planifrons from New Zealand; Parastacus brasiliensis from Brazil; P. pugnax from Chile; and Astacoides madagascarensis from Madagascar; 2) Astacoidea: Pacifastacus leniusculus from Japan (where it is non-native); Procambarus clarkii and P. virginalis from the aquarium trade; and Cambaroides dauricus, C. schrenckii, C. similis, and C. wladiwostockiensis from Russia; 3) Enoplometopoidea: Enoplometopus chacei from Japan; E. debelius and E. occidentalis from the aquarium trade; and 4) Nephropoidea: Homarus americanus from the USA fish market; Metanephrops neptunus from Taiwan; and Metanephrops japonicus, Nephropsis stewari, and Thaumastocheles japonicus from Japan. Antennular setation and sternal morphology were identified as key taxonomic characters to distinguish between the four Astacid superfamilies (Astacoidea, Parastacoidea, Enoplometopoidea, and Nephropoidea). The two new key characters are described and illustrated in detail.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Carlos Azofeifa-Solano, Fresia Villalobos-Rojas, Raquel Romero-Chaves, Ingo S Wehrtmann
Abstract Biological invasions are among the main threats to the diversity of freshwater ecosystems, particularly invasions of freshwater crayfishes, which have negatively impacted native populations and ecosystem functions. Various invasions of freshwater crayfishes have been relatively well documented, allowing the use of Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) techniques to forecast their potential invasive distribution. Modeling the most environmentally suitable areas for exotic species can provide guidelines to allocate resources, thus contributing to the control and management of invasions. We modelled the potential distribution of Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) and Procambarus clarkiiGirard, 1852 in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean using global occurrence data and ten environmental variables to ensemble a model using nine different algorithms. Our models showed that C. quadricarinatus has a high probability of invasion in tropical lowland areas, with the presence of exotic populations of this species already reported. Our results support that P. clarkii has a higher probability of invasion in some of the mountain ranges and plateaus of the study region, where this species has already established non-native populations. These models visualize the high-risk areas of invasion of these two non-native crayfish species in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean. A regional approach for monitoring and control of the invasive populations is encouraged as well as regulations for trade and aquaculture of freshwater crayfishes.
{"title":"Modeling the habitat suitability of two exotic freshwater crayfishes in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean: <i>Cherax quadricarinatus</i> (von Martens, 1868) and <i>Procambarus clarkii</i> Girard, 1852 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae, Cambaridae)","authors":"Juan Carlos Azofeifa-Solano, Fresia Villalobos-Rojas, Raquel Romero-Chaves, Ingo S Wehrtmann","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biological invasions are among the main threats to the diversity of freshwater ecosystems, particularly invasions of freshwater crayfishes, which have negatively impacted native populations and ecosystem functions. Various invasions of freshwater crayfishes have been relatively well documented, allowing the use of Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) techniques to forecast their potential invasive distribution. Modeling the most environmentally suitable areas for exotic species can provide guidelines to allocate resources, thus contributing to the control and management of invasions. We modelled the potential distribution of Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) and Procambarus clarkiiGirard, 1852 in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean using global occurrence data and ten environmental variables to ensemble a model using nine different algorithms. Our models showed that C. quadricarinatus has a high probability of invasion in tropical lowland areas, with the presence of exotic populations of this species already reported. Our results support that P. clarkii has a higher probability of invasion in some of the mountain ranges and plateaus of the study region, where this species has already established non-native populations. These models visualize the high-risk areas of invasion of these two non-native crayfish species in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean. A regional approach for monitoring and control of the invasive populations is encouraged as well as regulations for trade and aquaculture of freshwater crayfishes.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) is an alien invasive species as well as a commercially exploited animal. The sterile-male-release technique (SMRT) using infertile but sexually active males has been an effective candidate measure to control this invasive crayfish. Additionally, the limited supply of juveniles due to females’ spawning seasonality hinders the further development of the P. clarkii aquaculture industry. Information on its reproductive biology, such mating strategies and factors affecting offspring production, is crucial for developing an effective SMRT and aquaculture systems for P. clarkii. We review the reproductive biology of this species in terms of 1) sexual dimorphism and reproductive status, 2) sex recognition, mating, and mate preferences, and 3) egg production, embryonic development, and hatching. Intra- and intersexual dimorphisms of chelae are evident in P. clarkii, and a reproductive morphotype (form I) with larger chelae and a non-reproductive morphotype (form II) with smaller chelae are detected in both females and males, allowing us to easily determine the reproductive status of both sexes. The crayfish exhibits mutual mate choice (i.e., preference for larger mates), and small-sized males reproductive potential is low. Female fitness (i.e., number of offspring) generally depends on their body size. Female brood care appears to promote early embryo development before the egg-nauplius stage. Further study is required to identify the maternal factors affecting early embryonic development, which may improve measures for controlling invasive populations and enhancing aquaculture productivity.
{"title":"Reproductive biology of the red swamp crayfish <i>Procambarus clarkii</i> (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda: Astacidea: Cambaridae): A review","authors":"Katsuyuki Hamasaki, Shigeki Dan, Tadashi Kawai","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) is an alien invasive species as well as a commercially exploited animal. The sterile-male-release technique (SMRT) using infertile but sexually active males has been an effective candidate measure to control this invasive crayfish. Additionally, the limited supply of juveniles due to females’ spawning seasonality hinders the further development of the P. clarkii aquaculture industry. Information on its reproductive biology, such mating strategies and factors affecting offspring production, is crucial for developing an effective SMRT and aquaculture systems for P. clarkii. We review the reproductive biology of this species in terms of 1) sexual dimorphism and reproductive status, 2) sex recognition, mating, and mate preferences, and 3) egg production, embryonic development, and hatching. Intra- and intersexual dimorphisms of chelae are evident in P. clarkii, and a reproductive morphotype (form I) with larger chelae and a non-reproductive morphotype (form II) with smaller chelae are detected in both females and males, allowing us to easily determine the reproductive status of both sexes. The crayfish exhibits mutual mate choice (i.e., preference for larger mates), and small-sized males reproductive potential is low. Female fitness (i.e., number of offspring) generally depends on their body size. Female brood care appears to promote early embryo development before the egg-nauplius stage. Further study is required to identify the maternal factors affecting early embryonic development, which may improve measures for controlling invasive populations and enhancing aquaculture productivity.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The alternation of the female form is examined in eleven species of Cambaridae: Cambarus angularisHobbs & Bouchard, 1994, C. bartonii (Fabricius, 1798), Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870), Procambarus alleni (Faxon, 1884), P. clarkii (Girard, 1852), P. fallax (Hagen, 1870), P. pallidus (Hobbs, 1940), Cambarellus leslieiFitzpatrick & Laning, 1976, C. patzcuarensisVillalobos, 1943, C. schmittiHobbs, 1942, and C. shufeldtii (Faxon, 1884). All species show form-alternation in their annulus ventralis, that of Form I showing a cornified sinus and inflated fossa, but the Form-II females show a un-cornificed sinus and deflated fossa. Morphology of the Form-II annulus ventralis is similar to that of a juvenile. A wider abdomen in Form-I females occurred in five species (C. angularis, C. virilis, C. lesliei, C. schmitti, and C. shufeldtii), and inflation of the palm of the cheliped in Form-I females was observed in four (C. angularis, C. bartonii, F. virilis, and P. clarkii). The range of morphometric female-form alternation demonstrates four patterns: 1) wider abdomen and inflated chela (C. angularis, and C. bartonii), 2) wider abdomen and no chela inflation (C. lesliei, C. schmitti, and C. shufeldtii), 3) no wide abdomen and inflated chela (F. virilis and P. clarkii), 4) no wider abdomen and no chela inflation (P. alleni, P. pallidus, and P. fallax,). A neotype of P. clarkii is also designated and described.
Abstract The alternation of the female form is examined in eleven species of Cambaridae: Cambarus angularisHobbs & Bouchard, 1994, C. bartonii (Fabricius, 1798), Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870), Procambarus alleni (Faxon, 1884), P. clarkii (Girard, 1852), P. fallax (Hagen, 1870), P. pallidus (Hobbs, 1940), Cambarellus leslieiFitzpatrick & Bouchard, 1994.pallidus (Hobbs, 1940), Cambarellus leslieiFitzpatrick & Laning, 1976, C. patzcuarensisVillalobos, 1943, C. schmittiHobbs, 1942, and C. shufeldtii (Faxon, 1884)。所有物种的环腹部都有形态变化，形态 I 的环腹部有粟粒状的窦和膨大的窝，而形态 II 的雌性环腹部则没有粟粒状的窦和膨大的窝。Form-II 环腹的形态与幼鱼相似。有 5 个物种（C. angularis、C. virilis、C. lesliei、C. schmitti 和 C. shufeldtii）的 Form-I 雌体腹部较宽，有 4 个物种（C. angularis、C. bartonii、F. virilis 和 P. clarkii）的 Form-I 雌体螯掌膨胀。雌-雌形态交替的形态测量范围显示了四种模式：1）腹部较宽，螯膨大（C. angularis 和 C. bartonii）；2）腹部较宽，螯不膨大（C. lesliei、C. schmitti 和 C. shufeldtii）；3）腹部不宽，螯膨大（F. virilis 和 P. clarkii）；4）腹部不宽，螯不膨大（P. alleni、P. pallidus 和 P. fallax）。还指定并描述了 P. clarkii 的新模式。
{"title":"Alternation of the female form in Cambaridae (Decapoda: Astacidea) and the designation of a neotype for <i>Procambarus clarkii</i> (Girard, 1852) (Cambaridae: Decapoda)","authors":"Tadashi Kawai, Colin L McLay","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The alternation of the female form is examined in eleven species of Cambaridae: Cambarus angularisHobbs & Bouchard, 1994, C. bartonii (Fabricius, 1798), Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870), Procambarus alleni (Faxon, 1884), P. clarkii (Girard, 1852), P. fallax (Hagen, 1870), P. pallidus (Hobbs, 1940), Cambarellus leslieiFitzpatrick & Laning, 1976, C. patzcuarensisVillalobos, 1943, C. schmittiHobbs, 1942, and C. shufeldtii (Faxon, 1884). All species show form-alternation in their annulus ventralis, that of Form I showing a cornified sinus and inflated fossa, but the Form-II females show a un-cornificed sinus and deflated fossa. Morphology of the Form-II annulus ventralis is similar to that of a juvenile. A wider abdomen in Form-I females occurred in five species (C. angularis, C. virilis, C. lesliei, C. schmitti, and C. shufeldtii), and inflation of the palm of the cheliped in Form-I females was observed in four (C. angularis, C. bartonii, F. virilis, and P. clarkii). The range of morphometric female-form alternation demonstrates four patterns: 1) wider abdomen and inflated chela (C. angularis, and C. bartonii), 2) wider abdomen and no chela inflation (C. lesliei, C. schmitti, and C. shufeldtii), 3) no wide abdomen and inflated chela (F. virilis and P. clarkii), 4) no wider abdomen and no chela inflation (P. alleni, P. pallidus, and P. fallax,). A neotype of P. clarkii is also designated and described.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer E Smith, Christian Dietz, John Keane, Craig Mundy, Michael Oellermann, Caleb Gardner
Abstract Trophic discrimination or fractionation factors (TDFs), such as ∆15N and ∆13C, are used in stable isotope mixing models to account for differences between source tissues (diet/prey) and consumer tissues (predator). We aimed firstly to obtain TDF values for a spiny lobster, the southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875), to better understand lobster diet in the wild and secondly to investigate variability in isotope signature within tissues of individuals and across a temporal scale to test if non-lethal sampling can be used in an ecological context. We conducted an 18-mo captive feeding trial with juvenile lobsters using three diet treatments and analysed dorsal and leg muscle, along with dorsal and leg exoskeleton for δ13C and δ15N values. Average TDFs for the three diet treatments were 3.86 ± 0.98‰ (∆13C) and 5.06 ± 0.65‰ (∆15N) for leg muscle, and 4.45 ± 1.04‰ (∆13C) and 4.36 ± 0.6‰ (∆15N) for dorsal muscle. When tested against wild lobsters and prey, these TDFs outperformed multi-taxa TDFs found in the literature. Isotope values from lobster leg muscle were not identical to associated dorsal muscle but the two were highly correlated, indicating that non-lethal sampling is acceptable. Values for exoskeleton isotope were significantly different from muscle, likely due to the exoskeleton not being in a constant state of growth and replacement, unlike the muscle tissue, which constantly incorporates new material. We conclude that our experimentally derived TDFs are suitable for mixing model analysis for J. edwardsii and when tested on a wild sample of lobsters they outperformed other TDFs reported in the literature. We show that non-lethal sampling using leg muscle is an appropriate sampling method, since this tissue is highly correlated to the commonly used dorsal muscle. This option for non-lethal sampling enhances the potential to widely sample wild populations or sample during industrial processing without the need to sacrifice whole animals.
{"title":"Trophic discrimination factors and stable isotope variability in a captive feeding trial of the southern rock lobster <i>Jasus edwardsii</i> () (Decapoda: Palinuridae) in Tasmania, Australia","authors":"Jennifer E Smith, Christian Dietz, John Keane, Craig Mundy, Michael Oellermann, Caleb Gardner","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Trophic discrimination or fractionation factors (TDFs), such as ∆15N and ∆13C, are used in stable isotope mixing models to account for differences between source tissues (diet/prey) and consumer tissues (predator). We aimed firstly to obtain TDF values for a spiny lobster, the southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875), to better understand lobster diet in the wild and secondly to investigate variability in isotope signature within tissues of individuals and across a temporal scale to test if non-lethal sampling can be used in an ecological context. We conducted an 18-mo captive feeding trial with juvenile lobsters using three diet treatments and analysed dorsal and leg muscle, along with dorsal and leg exoskeleton for δ13C and δ15N values. Average TDFs for the three diet treatments were 3.86 ± 0.98‰ (∆13C) and 5.06 ± 0.65‰ (∆15N) for leg muscle, and 4.45 ± 1.04‰ (∆13C) and 4.36 ± 0.6‰ (∆15N) for dorsal muscle. When tested against wild lobsters and prey, these TDFs outperformed multi-taxa TDFs found in the literature. Isotope values from lobster leg muscle were not identical to associated dorsal muscle but the two were highly correlated, indicating that non-lethal sampling is acceptable. Values for exoskeleton isotope were significantly different from muscle, likely due to the exoskeleton not being in a constant state of growth and replacement, unlike the muscle tissue, which constantly incorporates new material. We conclude that our experimentally derived TDFs are suitable for mixing model analysis for J. edwardsii and when tested on a wild sample of lobsters they outperformed other TDFs reported in the literature. We show that non-lethal sampling using leg muscle is an appropriate sampling method, since this tissue is highly correlated to the commonly used dorsal muscle. This option for non-lethal sampling enhances the potential to widely sample wild populations or sample during industrial processing without the need to sacrifice whole animals.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor M Laguna-Nataren, Arkady Uscanga-Martínez, Natalia Perales-García, Carlos A Álvarez-González, Francisco J López-Rasgado, José R Díaz-Gallegos, Alexis F Velazco-Ortiz
Abstract We characterized the digestive enzymes in adults of Macrobrachium americanum (Spence Bate, 1868) in southeastern Mexico. The digestive enzyme extracts were made from the specimens’ hepatopancreas. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A, leucine aminopeptidase, lipases, α-amylase and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined, as well as the percentage of inhibition, pH, and temperature stabilities through biochemical and electrophoretic techniques. The maximum digestive activity of proteases was at 35 °C and pH 11. Alkaline digestive proteases were highly stable at pHs 4, 9 and 11 at 55 °C after 30 min pre-incubation. PMSF inhibited two bands with proteolytic activity (35.1 and 23.2 kDa), and SBT1 inhibited all bands, including the one with the highest molecular weight (64.2 kDa). We concluded that enzymes in M. americanum coincide with those of omnivorous decapods with a tendency to carnivory.
{"title":"Partial characterization of digestive proteases in the river prawn <i>Macrobrachium americanum</i> () (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) in Mexico","authors":"Victor M Laguna-Nataren, Arkady Uscanga-Martínez, Natalia Perales-García, Carlos A Álvarez-González, Francisco J López-Rasgado, José R Díaz-Gallegos, Alexis F Velazco-Ortiz","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We characterized the digestive enzymes in adults of Macrobrachium americanum (Spence Bate, 1868) in southeastern Mexico. The digestive enzyme extracts were made from the specimens’ hepatopancreas. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A, leucine aminopeptidase, lipases, α-amylase and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined, as well as the percentage of inhibition, pH, and temperature stabilities through biochemical and electrophoretic techniques. The maximum digestive activity of proteases was at 35 °C and pH 11. Alkaline digestive proteases were highly stable at pHs 4, 9 and 11 at 55 °C after 30 min pre-incubation. PMSF inhibited two bands with proteolytic activity (35.1 and 23.2 kDa), and SBT1 inhibited all bands, including the one with the highest molecular weight (64.2 kDa). We concluded that enzymes in M. americanum coincide with those of omnivorous decapods with a tendency to carnivory.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134915245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergio A Ulaje, M Teresa Sicard, Ilie S Racotta, Liliana Rojo-Arreola, Salvador E Lluch-Cota
Abstract The thermal responses and tolerance of organisms can be influenced by synergistic interactions with other environmental stresses. Although the heat sensitivity of the whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 = Litopenaeus vannamei) has been extensively researched, little is known about how hypoxia impacts the thermal tolerance of the species. We assessed the thermotolerance of P. vannamei postlarvae under combined hyperthermia and hypoxia conditions. Simultaneous hypoxia significantly decreased the thermotolerance (LT50) of the postlarvae at temperatures close to the upper thermal limit of the species.
{"title":"Hypoxia reduces thermotolerance in the postlarvae of the whiteleg shrimp <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> Boone, 1931 (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Penaeidae)","authors":"Sergio A Ulaje, M Teresa Sicard, Ilie S Racotta, Liliana Rojo-Arreola, Salvador E Lluch-Cota","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruad052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruad052","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The thermal responses and tolerance of organisms can be influenced by synergistic interactions with other environmental stresses. Although the heat sensitivity of the whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 = Litopenaeus vannamei) has been extensively researched, little is known about how hypoxia impacts the thermal tolerance of the species. We assessed the thermotolerance of P. vannamei postlarvae under combined hyperthermia and hypoxia conditions. Simultaneous hypoxia significantly decreased the thermotolerance (LT50) of the postlarvae at temperatures close to the upper thermal limit of the species.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135200307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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