A new species of yeti crab is described from a hydrothermal vent field near the equatorial Eastern Pacific Rise (EPR)-Galapagos Microplate at a depth of 1,628 m. Kiwa gemman. sp. is the fifth species of the family Kiwaidae Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 to be described thus far. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by having the lateral margin of chelipeds without spines, slender and mostly straight chelar fingers, and the spinose mesial margin of the endopod of the uropod. Also notable are the unique short, stiff, scaly-tipped setae on the antennal peduncles and chelipeds, which have not been reported to occur in congeners. A key to the species of the genus KiwaMacpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 is provided.
{"title":"A new species of the bathyal yeti crab genus Kiwa Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 (Decapoda: Anomura: Kiwaidae) from a hydrothermal vent field in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a key to the genus","authors":"Xinming Liu, Jinlan Lin, Jose C E Mendoza","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae030","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of yeti crab is described from a hydrothermal vent field near the equatorial Eastern Pacific Rise (EPR)-Galapagos Microplate at a depth of 1,628 m. Kiwa gemman. sp. is the fifth species of the family Kiwaidae Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 to be described thus far. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by having the lateral margin of chelipeds without spines, slender and mostly straight chelar fingers, and the spinose mesial margin of the endopod of the uropod. Also notable are the unique short, stiff, scaly-tipped setae on the antennal peduncles and chelipeds, which have not been reported to occur in congeners. A key to the species of the genus KiwaMacpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 is provided.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vision is a ubiquitous sensory modality adapted to vastly different environments, which place variable selection pressures on both macro- and microscopic dimensions of external eye morphology. The hermit crab clade (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) spans environments from sea to land, yet, no systematic comparisons in eye morphology have been made between any species. We compared three species of hermit crabs inhabiting different ecological and social environments: two terrestrial species, one of which (Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837) is highly social and inhabits a flat, open diurnal habitat, and another (C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791) is its sister species that inhabits a rugged forested nocturnal habitat; and a third (Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817) inhabits a marine intertidal habitat and is less social. We compared macroscopic eye morphology between species as well as microscopic differences in ommatidium-facet density and diameter within eyes. We found that eye dimensions (length, width, and thickness), but not overall volume, differed significantly between marine and terrestrial species. Furthermore, the highly social C. compressus had a significantly larger eye volume compared to its sister species, C. clypeatus, which is not as social. Larger eyes in C. compressus might be linked to its social lifestyle, where vision has been shown to be critical to finding conspecifics. All three species had a higher density of facets in the ventral compared to dorsal region of the eye. Our comparisons of external eye morphology revealed microscopic similarities but notable macroscopic variation between species, thus laying a foundation for future phylogenetically controlled tests within this species-rich clade, including comparisons of internal eye morphology.
视觉是一种无处不在的感官模式，能适应千差万别的环境，而这些环境对眼睛外部形态的宏观和微观层面都有不同的选择压力。寄居蟹支系（甲壳纲：十足目：无尾目）跨越从海洋到陆地的各种环境，但目前还没有任何物种之间眼睛形态的系统比较。我们比较了栖息在不同生态和社会环境中的三个寄居蟹物种：两个陆生物种，其中一个（Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837）具有高度的社会性，栖息在平坦、开阔的夜间栖息地，另一个（C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791）是其姊妹物种，栖息在崎岖的森林夜间栖息地；第三个（Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817）栖息在海洋潮间带栖息地，社会性较弱。我们比较了不同物种眼球的宏观形态以及眼球内膜面密度和直径的微观差异。我们发现，海洋物种和陆地物种的眼睛尺寸（长度、宽度和厚度）有显著差异，但总体体积没有差异。此外，与社会性较弱的姊妹物种 C. clypeatus 相比，社会性较强的 C. compressus 的眼睛体积明显更大。C.compressus的眼睛较大可能与它的社会生活方式有关，在这种生活方式中，视觉对寻找同类至关重要。这三个物种的眼球腹面的刻面密度都高于眼球背面。我们对外眼形态的比较发现了物种间微观上的相似性和宏观上的显著差异，从而为今后在这一物种丰富的支系中进行系统发育控制测试（包括内眼形态的比较）奠定了基础。
{"title":"Seeing across variable ecological and social environments: comparative eye morphology of marine and terrestrial hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae, Paguridae)","authors":"Elliott P Steele, Mark E Laidre","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae025","url":null,"abstract":"Vision is a ubiquitous sensory modality adapted to vastly different environments, which place variable selection pressures on both macro- and microscopic dimensions of external eye morphology. The hermit crab clade (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) spans environments from sea to land, yet, no systematic comparisons in eye morphology have been made between any species. We compared three species of hermit crabs inhabiting different ecological and social environments: two terrestrial species, one of which (Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837) is highly social and inhabits a flat, open diurnal habitat, and another (C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791) is its sister species that inhabits a rugged forested nocturnal habitat; and a third (Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817) inhabits a marine intertidal habitat and is less social. We compared macroscopic eye morphology between species as well as microscopic differences in ommatidium-facet density and diameter within eyes. We found that eye dimensions (length, width, and thickness), but not overall volume, differed significantly between marine and terrestrial species. Furthermore, the highly social C. compressus had a significantly larger eye volume compared to its sister species, C. clypeatus, which is not as social. Larger eyes in C. compressus might be linked to its social lifestyle, where vision has been shown to be critical to finding conspecifics. All three species had a higher density of facets in the ventral compared to dorsal region of the eye. Our comparisons of external eye morphology revealed microscopic similarities but notable macroscopic variation between species, thus laying a foundation for future phylogenetically controlled tests within this species-rich clade, including comparisons of internal eye morphology.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason D Williams, Christopher B Boyko, Eva C D Stewart
External yolk sacs in free-living larvae of marine invertebrates are extremely rare, with all reported cases exhibiting yolk that is taken up through connection with the anterior alimentary canal. Herein, we confirm a novel yolk sac connected to the posterior end of the alimentary canal in the first larval stage of species in the bopyrid isopod genus PleurocryptellaBonnier, 1900, all known as ectoparasites in the branchial chambers of squat lobsters. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. infesting the munidopsid Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885 in the Arabian Sea, is described on the basis of adults and larvae. In common with conspecifics, the new species exhibits a suite of putative “primitive” characters including the presence of oostegites on the sixth and seventh pereomeres of females and maxillipeds and articulated uropods in males. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. differs from other species of Pleurocryptella by characters of body shape, antennae, oostegite 1, pleon, and uropods of females and midventral tubercles, pleomeres, and pleopods of males. The epicaridium larvae have a large posterior, external yolk sac and segmented maxillipeds, a unique set of characters within Epicaridea. In addition to larval and adult characters, molecular data (COI) indicate that the genus is distinct from other members of Bopyridae, so we erect the new subfamily Pleurocryptellinae for it. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. bears a new genus and species of hyperparasitic isopod that is herein described based on its cryptoniscus stage. A review of epicaridium larval morphology and a key to the species of Pleurocryptella are provided.
{"title":"Establishment of a new subfamily for the parasitic isopod genus Pleurocryptella (Isopoda: Bopyridae), including recognition of epicaridium larval yolk sacs and description of a new genus and species of hyperparasite","authors":"Jason D Williams, Christopher B Boyko, Eva C D Stewart","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae034","url":null,"abstract":"External yolk sacs in free-living larvae of marine invertebrates are extremely rare, with all reported cases exhibiting yolk that is taken up through connection with the anterior alimentary canal. Herein, we confirm a novel yolk sac connected to the posterior end of the alimentary canal in the first larval stage of species in the bopyrid isopod genus PleurocryptellaBonnier, 1900, all known as ectoparasites in the branchial chambers of squat lobsters. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. infesting the munidopsid Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885 in the Arabian Sea, is described on the basis of adults and larvae. In common with conspecifics, the new species exhibits a suite of putative “primitive” characters including the presence of oostegites on the sixth and seventh pereomeres of females and maxillipeds and articulated uropods in males. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. differs from other species of Pleurocryptella by characters of body shape, antennae, oostegite 1, pleon, and uropods of females and midventral tubercles, pleomeres, and pleopods of males. The epicaridium larvae have a large posterior, external yolk sac and segmented maxillipeds, a unique set of characters within Epicaridea. In addition to larval and adult characters, molecular data (COI) indicate that the genus is distinct from other members of Bopyridae, so we erect the new subfamily Pleurocryptellinae for it. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. bears a new genus and species of hyperparasitic isopod that is herein described based on its cryptoniscus stage. A review of epicaridium larval morphology and a key to the species of Pleurocryptella are provided.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species of the amphipod family Stenothoidae found living in association with tubulariid hydroids in British Columbia, Canada is described. Stenula traudlaesp. nov., which has a rounded naked telson, a rounded posterodistal tooth on Ep3, and a heavily spinose P5, is described morphologically. We also include an updated key to world species of Stenula s.l. Associations of amphipods with tubulariids and other small hosts are discussed.
{"title":"Description of a new species of Stenula Barnard, 1962 (Amphipoda: Stenothoidae) from British Columbia, Canada associated with Bouillonia sp. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Tubulariidae), with a key to the world species of Stenula","authors":"Anne Helene S Tandberg, Wim Vader","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae036","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of the amphipod family Stenothoidae found living in association with tubulariid hydroids in British Columbia, Canada is described. Stenula traudlaesp. nov., which has a rounded naked telson, a rounded posterodistal tooth on Ep3, and a heavily spinose P5, is described morphologically. We also include an updated key to world species of Stenula s.l. Associations of amphipods with tubulariids and other small hosts are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João G Barioto, Isabela R R Moraes, Antonio L Castilho
The evaluation of genome size has emerged as a resource for populational, biogeographic, and evolutionary interpretations. Still, little has been recorded on the size of the genomes of decapod crustaceans, mainly freshwater species. Using flow cytometry, we aimed to provide new data on the genome size of the freshwater crabs Trichodactylus fluviatilisLatreille, 1828 and T. petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886) in São Paulo state, southern Brazil. We analyzed 12 individuals with a c-value of 8.0–9.6 picograms. We observed a tendency for freshwater crabs with direct development to have a higher genome-size value than those decapods with indirect development, which links the possible relationship of genome size with the developmental pattern.
{"title":"A first report of the genome size for the freshwater-crab family Trichodactylidae (Decapoda: Brachyura)","authors":"João G Barioto, Isabela R R Moraes, Antonio L Castilho","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae035","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of genome size has emerged as a resource for populational, biogeographic, and evolutionary interpretations. Still, little has been recorded on the size of the genomes of decapod crustaceans, mainly freshwater species. Using flow cytometry, we aimed to provide new data on the genome size of the freshwater crabs Trichodactylus fluviatilisLatreille, 1828 and T. petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886) in São Paulo state, southern Brazil. We analyzed 12 individuals with a c-value of 8.0–9.6 picograms. We observed a tendency for freshwater crabs with direct development to have a higher genome-size value than those decapods with indirect development, which links the possible relationship of genome size with the developmental pattern.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141519452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Specimens of freshwater crabs (PotamonautesMacLeay, 1838) collected from mountainous regions in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa could not be assigned to species level and possibly represented novel lineages. The phylogenetic placement of these two potential novel lineages were investigated with the use of DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial loci (cytochrome oxidase c subunit one - COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear locus (histone 3 (H3)), using a maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference approach incorporating all Potamonautes species described from southern Africa. In addition, a divergence time estimation was undertaken on the tree topology to determine the timing of cladogenesis. Morphometric analyses were also conducted on the two undescribed lineages and co-distributed, phylogenetically closely-related species (P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 and P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021) using discriminant function analyses of carapace and pereiopod variables. Phylogenetic results revealed that the two novel species are sister groups and related to a clade of endemic subtropical species present in north-eastern South Africa, while the divergence time estimation indicates Mio/Pliocene cladogenesis. The morphometric results corroborate the phylogenetic distinction between the two novel lineages and co-distributed sister species. Potamonautes wolkbergin. sp. and P. aurantiusn. sp. are described and compared with other congeneric South African taxa.
从南非林波波省和姆普马兰加省山区采集的淡水蟹（PotamonautesMacLeay，1838 年）标本无法确定物种级别，可能代表新的品系。利用三个线粒体位点（细胞色素氧化酶 c 第一亚单位--COI、12S rRNA 和 16S rRNA）和一个核位点（组蛋白 3 (H3)）的 DNA 序列数据，采用最大似然法和贝叶斯推断法，结合南部非洲描述的所有 Potamonautes 物种，研究了这两个潜在新品系的系统发育位置。此外，还对树的拓扑结构进行了分歧时间估计，以确定支系发生的时间。利用躯壳和围足变量的判别函数分析，还对两个未描述的品系和共同分布的、系统发育上密切相关的物种（P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 和 P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021）进行了形态计量分析。系统发育结果表明，这两个新物种是姊妹群，与南非东北部特有的亚热带物种支系有关，而分歧时间估计表明是中新世/更新世的支系发生。形态计量结果证实了这两个新品系与共同分布的姊妹种之间的系统发育差异。描述了Potamonautes wolkbergin.sp.和P. aurantiusn.sp.，并与南非其他同属类群进行了比较。
{"title":"Hiding in the hills: evidence for two novel mountain-dwelling freshwater crabs of Potamonautes (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae) from South Africa","authors":"Kayleigh Mengel, Savel R Daniels","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae026","url":null,"abstract":"Specimens of freshwater crabs (PotamonautesMacLeay, 1838) collected from mountainous regions in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa could not be assigned to species level and possibly represented novel lineages. The phylogenetic placement of these two potential novel lineages were investigated with the use of DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial loci (cytochrome oxidase c subunit one - COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear locus (histone 3 (H3)), using a maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference approach incorporating all Potamonautes species described from southern Africa. In addition, a divergence time estimation was undertaken on the tree topology to determine the timing of cladogenesis. Morphometric analyses were also conducted on the two undescribed lineages and co-distributed, phylogenetically closely-related species (P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 and P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021) using discriminant function analyses of carapace and pereiopod variables. Phylogenetic results revealed that the two novel species are sister groups and related to a clade of endemic subtropical species present in north-eastern South Africa, while the divergence time estimation indicates Mio/Pliocene cladogenesis. The morphometric results corroborate the phylogenetic distinction between the two novel lineages and co-distributed sister species. Potamonautes wolkbergin. sp. and P. aurantiusn. sp. are described and compared with other congeneric South African taxa.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan L Jarrett, Abigail L Smith, Gabriel J Langford, Philip M Gravinese
Anthropogenic activities like habitat degradation, excess nutrient runoff, and sewage outfalls can decrease seawater pH in coastal environments. Coastal waters can also experience frequent fluctuations in seawater pH due to biological activity (i.e., photosynthesis and respiration). Commercially important species like the Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818), inhabit coastal waters and experience fluctuations in seawater pH on both diurnal and seasonal scales. Organisms exposed to reductions in seawater pH may have difficulty sensing chemical cues due to physiological changes and the associated metabolic stress of compensating for a more acidic environment. Here we determined the foraging activity of the Florida stone crab when exposed to reduced pH conditions (control pH 7.8, reduced pH 7.6). The impacts of reduced pH on foraging activity were determined by monitoring activity time, stress, predation attempts, and handling time when crabs were exposed to lower seawater pH for 12 hrs. Crabs exposed to reduced pH conditions experienced elevated stress levels and reduced activity than crabs in the control pH treatment. These results suggest that exposure to more extreme pH conditions may limit the foraging activity of stone crabs.
{"title":"Lower seawater pH reduces the foraging activity of the Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Menippidae)","authors":"Morgan L Jarrett, Abigail L Smith, Gabriel J Langford, Philip M Gravinese","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae024","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activities like habitat degradation, excess nutrient runoff, and sewage outfalls can decrease seawater pH in coastal environments. Coastal waters can also experience frequent fluctuations in seawater pH due to biological activity (i.e., photosynthesis and respiration). Commercially important species like the Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818), inhabit coastal waters and experience fluctuations in seawater pH on both diurnal and seasonal scales. Organisms exposed to reductions in seawater pH may have difficulty sensing chemical cues due to physiological changes and the associated metabolic stress of compensating for a more acidic environment. Here we determined the foraging activity of the Florida stone crab when exposed to reduced pH conditions (control pH 7.8, reduced pH 7.6). The impacts of reduced pH on foraging activity were determined by monitoring activity time, stress, predation attempts, and handling time when crabs were exposed to lower seawater pH for 12 hrs. Crabs exposed to reduced pH conditions experienced elevated stress levels and reduced activity than crabs in the control pH treatment. These results suggest that exposure to more extreme pH conditions may limit the foraging activity of stone crabs.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles Spence Bate (1818–1889) was one of the more influential mid to late 19th century crustacean taxonomists, with broad interests spanning several taxonomic groups, such as Amphipoda and Decapoda. Despite several contemporary obituaries, no full publication list for him has ever been assembled. In the present contribution, we provide a complete listing of publications and all species- and genus-level crustacean taxa described by Spence Bate, and indicate their current status. Corrections to publication dates are listed, and several decisions are made to stabilise crustacean nomenclature. In a scientific career spanning almost 50 years (1850–1889), Spence Bate described a total of 402 species and 70 genera in Decapoda, 181 species and 46 genera in Amphipoda, as well as eight genera and eight species of Cumacea, four genera and 16 species of Isopoda, three of Tanaidacea and one of Cirripedia. Of these, 36.2% of species and 45.7% of genera are still considered as the accepted names for their taxa today.
{"title":"The carcinological oeuvre of Charles Spence Bate (1819–1889): Checklist of species and genera, dates of publication, and a list of publications (Crustacea: Amphipoda, Cirripedia, Cumacea, Decapoda, Tanaidacea)","authors":"Sammy De Grave, Christopher B Boyko","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae010","url":null,"abstract":"Charles Spence Bate (1818–1889) was one of the more influential mid to late 19th century crustacean taxonomists, with broad interests spanning several taxonomic groups, such as Amphipoda and Decapoda. Despite several contemporary obituaries, no full publication list for him has ever been assembled. In the present contribution, we provide a complete listing of publications and all species- and genus-level crustacean taxa described by Spence Bate, and indicate their current status. Corrections to publication dates are listed, and several decisions are made to stabilise crustacean nomenclature. In a scientific career spanning almost 50 years (1850–1889), Spence Bate described a total of 402 species and 70 genera in Decapoda, 181 species and 46 genera in Amphipoda, as well as eight genera and eight species of Cumacea, four genera and 16 species of Isopoda, three of Tanaidacea and one of Cirripedia. Of these, 36.2% of species and 45.7% of genera are still considered as the accepted names for their taxa today.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140938063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainab Al-Wazzan, Luis Giménez, Manaf Behbehani, Lewis Le Vay
Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) is an exploited species that has been used as bait for recreational fishing in Kuwait. The biological and ecological aspects of the species required to manage this practice are limited. We investigated the life history and population ecology of L. exaratus in the northwestern Arabian (Persian) Gulf. The spawning season of the crab in Kuwait starts in the late spring and continues through the summer and ends in September. Fecundity is highly correlated to female body size and ranges 2,533–11,991 eggs clutch–1, with a mean number of 7,055 eggs clutch–1. Juveniles are generally recruited between July and September, with lower minor recruitment levels occurring in October and November. Growth is highly seasonal, being slow during the cold season (October-February) and high during the warmer season (March and September), with a higher growth rate in males than in females. The seasonality of growth and reproduction of L. exaratus in the region is strongly related to ambient air and water temperatures. Sexual dimorphism is highly significant between males and females with males, reaching reproductive maturity at 17.43 ± 0.53 mm carapace width (CW) and females at 9.58 ± 1.21 mm CW. The overall sex ratio for the species is 0.8:1 (males:females). Furthermore, the life span of 3–4 yr and an overall mortality slightly higher in males than in females. The results of our study could be used to determine fishery management strategies such as minimum catch sizes and closures periods. The results on life history and dynamics of the complex life cycle of L. exaratus contribute to conservation and sustainable exploitation of the species in Kuwait.
{"title":"Population ecology of the intertidal xanthid crab Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) on rocky shores in Kuwait, Arabian (Persian) Gulf","authors":"Zainab Al-Wazzan, Luis Giménez, Manaf Behbehani, Lewis Le Vay","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae019","url":null,"abstract":"Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) is an exploited species that has been used as bait for recreational fishing in Kuwait. The biological and ecological aspects of the species required to manage this practice are limited. We investigated the life history and population ecology of L. exaratus in the northwestern Arabian (Persian) Gulf. The spawning season of the crab in Kuwait starts in the late spring and continues through the summer and ends in September. Fecundity is highly correlated to female body size and ranges 2,533–11,991 eggs clutch–1, with a mean number of 7,055 eggs clutch–1. Juveniles are generally recruited between July and September, with lower minor recruitment levels occurring in October and November. Growth is highly seasonal, being slow during the cold season (October-February) and high during the warmer season (March and September), with a higher growth rate in males than in females. The seasonality of growth and reproduction of L. exaratus in the region is strongly related to ambient air and water temperatures. Sexual dimorphism is highly significant between males and females with males, reaching reproductive maturity at 17.43 ± 0.53 mm carapace width (CW) and females at 9.58 ± 1.21 mm CW. The overall sex ratio for the species is 0.8:1 (males:females). Furthermore, the life span of 3–4 yr and an overall mortality slightly higher in males than in females. The results of our study could be used to determine fishery management strategies such as minimum catch sizes and closures periods. The results on life history and dynamics of the complex life cycle of L. exaratus contribute to conservation and sustainable exploitation of the species in Kuwait.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greater embryo mass confers an advantage in the face of sub-lethal starvation for larvae of the American lobster, Homarus americanusH. Milne Edwards, 1837. We reared larvae in the laboratory and recorded body size, molt increment, stage duration, and mortality during the three larval instars and postlarval stages. Larvae were either fed continuously or subjected to starvation periods immediately after hatching. Larval mass increased with embryo mass suggesting that energetic advantages of heavier embryos are conferred to the larvae. Stage I larvae hatched from clutches with heavier embryos and had lower mortality after five days without food. Stage I duration decreased with increasing embryo mass in treatments with initial periods without food of three, four, and five days. We also observed greater size increase at first molt and larger postlarval size in some treatments. Our results suggest that larger embryos produce larvae that are more resistant to starvation, which may provide a survival advantage when experiencing variable food supply due to the patchy distribution of their planktonic prey.
{"title":"Resistance to initial starvation in stage I larvae of the American lobster Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae)","authors":"Eric R Annis, Ruth R Howell, Robert S Steneck","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae020","url":null,"abstract":"Greater embryo mass confers an advantage in the face of sub-lethal starvation for larvae of the American lobster, Homarus americanusH. Milne Edwards, 1837. We reared larvae in the laboratory and recorded body size, molt increment, stage duration, and mortality during the three larval instars and postlarval stages. Larvae were either fed continuously or subjected to starvation periods immediately after hatching. Larval mass increased with embryo mass suggesting that energetic advantages of heavier embryos are conferred to the larvae. Stage I larvae hatched from clutches with heavier embryos and had lower mortality after five days without food. Stage I duration decreased with increasing embryo mass in treatments with initial periods without food of three, four, and five days. We also observed greater size increase at first molt and larger postlarval size in some treatments. Our results suggest that larger embryos produce larvae that are more resistant to starvation, which may provide a survival advantage when experiencing variable food supply due to the patchy distribution of their planktonic prey.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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