A new species of yeti crab is described from a hydrothermal vent field near the equatorial Eastern Pacific Rise (EPR)-Galapagos Microplate at a depth of 1,628 m. Kiwa gemman. sp. is the fifth species of the family Kiwaidae Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 to be described thus far. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by having the lateral margin of chelipeds without spines, slender and mostly straight chelar fingers, and the spinose mesial margin of the endopod of the uropod. Also notable are the unique short, stiff, scaly-tipped setae on the antennal peduncles and chelipeds, which have not been reported to occur in congeners. A key to the species of the genus KiwaMacpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 is provided.
{"title":"A new species of the bathyal yeti crab genus Kiwa Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 (Decapoda: Anomura: Kiwaidae) from a hydrothermal vent field in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a key to the genus","authors":"Xinming Liu, Jinlan Lin, Jose C E Mendoza","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae030","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of yeti crab is described from a hydrothermal vent field near the equatorial Eastern Pacific Rise (EPR)-Galapagos Microplate at a depth of 1,628 m. Kiwa gemman. sp. is the fifth species of the family Kiwaidae Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 to be described thus far. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by having the lateral margin of chelipeds without spines, slender and mostly straight chelar fingers, and the spinose mesial margin of the endopod of the uropod. Also notable are the unique short, stiff, scaly-tipped setae on the antennal peduncles and chelipeds, which have not been reported to occur in congeners. A key to the species of the genus KiwaMacpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005 is provided.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vision is a ubiquitous sensory modality adapted to vastly different environments, which place variable selection pressures on both macro- and microscopic dimensions of external eye morphology. The hermit crab clade (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) spans environments from sea to land, yet, no systematic comparisons in eye morphology have been made between any species. We compared three species of hermit crabs inhabiting different ecological and social environments: two terrestrial species, one of which (Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837) is highly social and inhabits a flat, open diurnal habitat, and another (C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791) is its sister species that inhabits a rugged forested nocturnal habitat; and a third (Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817) inhabits a marine intertidal habitat and is less social. We compared macroscopic eye morphology between species as well as microscopic differences in ommatidium-facet density and diameter within eyes. We found that eye dimensions (length, width, and thickness), but not overall volume, differed significantly between marine and terrestrial species. Furthermore, the highly social C. compressus had a significantly larger eye volume compared to its sister species, C. clypeatus, which is not as social. Larger eyes in C. compressus might be linked to its social lifestyle, where vision has been shown to be critical to finding conspecifics. All three species had a higher density of facets in the ventral compared to dorsal region of the eye. Our comparisons of external eye morphology revealed microscopic similarities but notable macroscopic variation between species, thus laying a foundation for future phylogenetically controlled tests within this species-rich clade, including comparisons of internal eye morphology.
视觉是一种无处不在的感官模式，能适应千差万别的环境，而这些环境对眼睛外部形态的宏观和微观层面都有不同的选择压力。寄居蟹支系（甲壳纲：十足目：无尾目）跨越从海洋到陆地的各种环境，但目前还没有任何物种之间眼睛形态的系统比较。我们比较了栖息在不同生态和社会环境中的三个寄居蟹物种：两个陆生物种，其中一个（Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837）具有高度的社会性，栖息在平坦、开阔的夜间栖息地，另一个（C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791）是其姊妹物种，栖息在崎岖的森林夜间栖息地；第三个（Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817）栖息在海洋潮间带栖息地，社会性较弱。我们比较了不同物种眼球的宏观形态以及眼球内膜面密度和直径的微观差异。我们发现，海洋物种和陆地物种的眼睛尺寸（长度、宽度和厚度）有显著差异，但总体体积没有差异。此外，与社会性较弱的姊妹物种 C. clypeatus 相比，社会性较强的 C. compressus 的眼睛体积明显更大。C.compressus的眼睛较大可能与它的社会生活方式有关，在这种生活方式中，视觉对寻找同类至关重要。这三个物种的眼球腹面的刻面密度都高于眼球背面。我们对外眼形态的比较发现了物种间微观上的相似性和宏观上的显著差异，从而为今后在这一物种丰富的支系中进行系统发育控制测试（包括内眼形态的比较）奠定了基础。
{"title":"Seeing across variable ecological and social environments: comparative eye morphology of marine and terrestrial hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae, Paguridae)","authors":"Elliott P Steele, Mark E Laidre","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae025","url":null,"abstract":"Vision is a ubiquitous sensory modality adapted to vastly different environments, which place variable selection pressures on both macro- and microscopic dimensions of external eye morphology. The hermit crab clade (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) spans environments from sea to land, yet, no systematic comparisons in eye morphology have been made between any species. We compared three species of hermit crabs inhabiting different ecological and social environments: two terrestrial species, one of which (Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837) is highly social and inhabits a flat, open diurnal habitat, and another (C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791) is its sister species that inhabits a rugged forested nocturnal habitat; and a third (Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817) inhabits a marine intertidal habitat and is less social. We compared macroscopic eye morphology between species as well as microscopic differences in ommatidium-facet density and diameter within eyes. We found that eye dimensions (length, width, and thickness), but not overall volume, differed significantly between marine and terrestrial species. Furthermore, the highly social C. compressus had a significantly larger eye volume compared to its sister species, C. clypeatus, which is not as social. Larger eyes in C. compressus might be linked to its social lifestyle, where vision has been shown to be critical to finding conspecifics. All three species had a higher density of facets in the ventral compared to dorsal region of the eye. Our comparisons of external eye morphology revealed microscopic similarities but notable macroscopic variation between species, thus laying a foundation for future phylogenetically controlled tests within this species-rich clade, including comparisons of internal eye morphology.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason D Williams, Christopher B Boyko, Eva C D Stewart
External yolk sacs in free-living larvae of marine invertebrates are extremely rare, with all reported cases exhibiting yolk that is taken up through connection with the anterior alimentary canal. Herein, we confirm a novel yolk sac connected to the posterior end of the alimentary canal in the first larval stage of species in the bopyrid isopod genus PleurocryptellaBonnier, 1900, all known as ectoparasites in the branchial chambers of squat lobsters. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. infesting the munidopsid Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885 in the Arabian Sea, is described on the basis of adults and larvae. In common with conspecifics, the new species exhibits a suite of putative “primitive” characters including the presence of oostegites on the sixth and seventh pereomeres of females and maxillipeds and articulated uropods in males. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. differs from other species of Pleurocryptella by characters of body shape, antennae, oostegite 1, pleon, and uropods of females and midventral tubercles, pleomeres, and pleopods of males. The epicaridium larvae have a large posterior, external yolk sac and segmented maxillipeds, a unique set of characters within Epicaridea. In addition to larval and adult characters, molecular data (COI) indicate that the genus is distinct from other members of Bopyridae, so we erect the new subfamily Pleurocryptellinae for it. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. bears a new genus and species of hyperparasitic isopod that is herein described based on its cryptoniscus stage. A review of epicaridium larval morphology and a key to the species of Pleurocryptella are provided.
{"title":"Establishment of a new subfamily for the parasitic isopod genus Pleurocryptella (Isopoda: Bopyridae), including recognition of epicaridium larval yolk sacs and description of a new genus and species of hyperparasite","authors":"Jason D Williams, Christopher B Boyko, Eva C D Stewart","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae034","url":null,"abstract":"External yolk sacs in free-living larvae of marine invertebrates are extremely rare, with all reported cases exhibiting yolk that is taken up through connection with the anterior alimentary canal. Herein, we confirm a novel yolk sac connected to the posterior end of the alimentary canal in the first larval stage of species in the bopyrid isopod genus PleurocryptellaBonnier, 1900, all known as ectoparasites in the branchial chambers of squat lobsters. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. infesting the munidopsid Galacantha bellis Henderson, 1885 in the Arabian Sea, is described on the basis of adults and larvae. In common with conspecifics, the new species exhibits a suite of putative “primitive” characters including the presence of oostegites on the sixth and seventh pereomeres of females and maxillipeds and articulated uropods in males. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. differs from other species of Pleurocryptella by characters of body shape, antennae, oostegite 1, pleon, and uropods of females and midventral tubercles, pleomeres, and pleopods of males. The epicaridium larvae have a large posterior, external yolk sac and segmented maxillipeds, a unique set of characters within Epicaridea. In addition to larval and adult characters, molecular data (COI) indicate that the genus is distinct from other members of Bopyridae, so we erect the new subfamily Pleurocryptellinae for it. Pleurocryptella poseidon Williams & Boyko sp. nov. bears a new genus and species of hyperparasitic isopod that is herein described based on its cryptoniscus stage. A review of epicaridium larval morphology and a key to the species of Pleurocryptella are provided.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species of the amphipod family Stenothoidae found living in association with tubulariid hydroids in British Columbia, Canada is described. Stenula traudlaesp. nov., which has a rounded naked telson, a rounded posterodistal tooth on Ep3, and a heavily spinose P5, is described morphologically. We also include an updated key to world species of Stenula s.l. Associations of amphipods with tubulariids and other small hosts are discussed.
{"title":"Description of a new species of Stenula Barnard, 1962 (Amphipoda: Stenothoidae) from British Columbia, Canada associated with Bouillonia sp. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Tubulariidae), with a key to the world species of Stenula","authors":"Anne Helene S Tandberg, Wim Vader","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae036","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of the amphipod family Stenothoidae found living in association with tubulariid hydroids in British Columbia, Canada is described. Stenula traudlaesp. nov., which has a rounded naked telson, a rounded posterodistal tooth on Ep3, and a heavily spinose P5, is described morphologically. We also include an updated key to world species of Stenula s.l. Associations of amphipods with tubulariids and other small hosts are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João G Barioto, Isabela R R Moraes, Antonio L Castilho
The evaluation of genome size has emerged as a resource for populational, biogeographic, and evolutionary interpretations. Still, little has been recorded on the size of the genomes of decapod crustaceans, mainly freshwater species. Using flow cytometry, we aimed to provide new data on the genome size of the freshwater crabs Trichodactylus fluviatilisLatreille, 1828 and T. petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886) in São Paulo state, southern Brazil. We analyzed 12 individuals with a c-value of 8.0–9.6 picograms. We observed a tendency for freshwater crabs with direct development to have a higher genome-size value than those decapods with indirect development, which links the possible relationship of genome size with the developmental pattern.
{"title":"A first report of the genome size for the freshwater-crab family Trichodactylidae (Decapoda: Brachyura)","authors":"João G Barioto, Isabela R R Moraes, Antonio L Castilho","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae035","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of genome size has emerged as a resource for populational, biogeographic, and evolutionary interpretations. Still, little has been recorded on the size of the genomes of decapod crustaceans, mainly freshwater species. Using flow cytometry, we aimed to provide new data on the genome size of the freshwater crabs Trichodactylus fluviatilisLatreille, 1828 and T. petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886) in São Paulo state, southern Brazil. We analyzed 12 individuals with a c-value of 8.0–9.6 picograms. We observed a tendency for freshwater crabs with direct development to have a higher genome-size value than those decapods with indirect development, which links the possible relationship of genome size with the developmental pattern.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141519452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The deep-sea clawed lobster Nephropsis hamadaiWatabe & Ikeda, 1994, described from Japan, has been suspected to be a synonym of Nephropsis serrataMacpherson, 1993, recorded from Australia (type locality) to Taiwan. The availability of recently collected material from Japan referred to N. hamadai allowed detailed morphological and molecular comparisons of topotypic specimens of N. serrata and N. hamadai. Re-examination of the holotype of N. serrata revealed that the major difference proposed for separating N. hamadai from N. serrata was based on an error in the original description of the latter species. As there are very low genetic divergences and no morphological differences between the Australian and Japanese materials referable to N. serrata and N. hamadai, these two names are now confirmed to be synonyms.
日本描述的深海爪龙虾Nephropsis hamadaiWatabe & Ikeda, 1994一直被怀疑是Nephropsis serrataMacpherson, 1993的异名，后者从澳大利亚（模式产地）记录到台湾。最近从日本采集到的 N. hamadai 的标本允许对 N. serrata 和 N. hamadai 的顶型标本进行详细的形态学和分子学比较。对 N. serrata 主模式的重新研究表明，将 N. hamadai 与 N. serrata 区分开来的主要区别是基于对后者原始描述中的错误。serrata 和 N. hamadai 的澳大利亚和日本材料之间的遗传差异非常小，形态上也没有差异，因此这两个名称现在被确认为同义词。
{"title":"Taxonomy of the two nominal species of the deep-sea clawed lobsters Nephropsis serrata Macpherson, 1993 and N. hamadai Watabe & Ikeda, 1994 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae)","authors":"Tin-Yam Chan, Kaori Wakabayashi, CHIEN-LIN Chen, Mikio Kato, Su-Ching Chang","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The deep-sea clawed lobster Nephropsis hamadaiWatabe & Ikeda, 1994, described from Japan, has been suspected to be a synonym of Nephropsis serrataMacpherson, 1993, recorded from Australia (type locality) to Taiwan. The availability of recently collected material from Japan referred to N. hamadai allowed detailed morphological and molecular comparisons of topotypic specimens of N. serrata and N. hamadai. Re-examination of the holotype of N. serrata revealed that the major difference proposed for separating N. hamadai from N. serrata was based on an error in the original description of the latter species. As there are very low genetic divergences and no morphological differences between the Australian and Japanese materials referable to N. serrata and N. hamadai, these two names are now confirmed to be synonyms.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated post-settlement growth patterns and sexual dimorphism in the carapace, pelon, and cheliped dimensions of the varunid crab Gaetice depressus (De Haan, 1833). We reared crabs in the laboratory from hatching through megalopae to the first to tenth instars, and measurements were made of exuviae or specimens of crabs that successively molted. The males were larger than the females in all instars. The molt increments of carapace width (CW) and carapace length (CL) did not differ between the sexes; the former decreased with growth, especially up to ~3–4 mm, whereas the latter did not change with growth. This may be due to the rapid growth in CW compared to CL during early ontogeny. The proportion of CW to CL was larger in the females than in the males, and the rate of increase in pleon width accelerated greatly after growth to ~4 mm CW. Cheliped dimensions were larger in males than in females, probably as a consequence of sexual selection. Cheliped propodus length and width increased with growth in both sexes, but the rates of increase tended to decelerate after ~7 mm CW in females. This indicates that females may allocate more energy to pleon growth while limiting cheliped growth.
我们研究了变节蟹Gaetice depressus（De Haan，1833年）定居后的生长模式以及甲壳、甲壳和螯足的性二态性。我们在实验室饲养了螃蟹，从孵化到巨蟹期再到第一至第十蜕皮期，并对螃蟹蜕皮后的体表或标本进行了测量。在所有蜕皮期，雄蟹都比雌蟹大。雌雄螃蟹蜕皮后的蜕皮宽度（CW）和蜕皮长度（CL）没有差异；前者随生长而减少，尤其是在约3-4毫米时，而后者没有随生长而变化。这可能是由于在个体发育早期，CW的增长速度比CL快。雌性褶宽与褶长的比例大于雄性，褶宽增长到约4毫米后，褶宽的增长速度大大加快。雄性的螯足尺寸大于雌性，这可能是性选择的结果。雌雄蛙的螯足喙长度和宽度都随着生长而增加，但雌蛙的螯足喙长度和宽度的增加速度在大约7 mm CW后趋于减慢。这表明雌性可能将更多的能量用于褶的生长，而限制了螯足的生长。
{"title":"Post-settlement growth and sexual dimorphism in the size and proportion of the body of the varunid crab Gaetice depressus (De Haan, 1833) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Varunidae) based on laboratory-reared material","authors":"K. Hamasaki, Yuji Takeda, Shigeki Dan","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We investigated post-settlement growth patterns and sexual dimorphism in the carapace, pelon, and cheliped dimensions of the varunid crab Gaetice depressus (De Haan, 1833). We reared crabs in the laboratory from hatching through megalopae to the first to tenth instars, and measurements were made of exuviae or specimens of crabs that successively molted. The males were larger than the females in all instars. The molt increments of carapace width (CW) and carapace length (CL) did not differ between the sexes; the former decreased with growth, especially up to ~3–4 mm, whereas the latter did not change with growth. This may be due to the rapid growth in CW compared to CL during early ontogeny. The proportion of CW to CL was larger in the females than in the males, and the rate of increase in pleon width accelerated greatly after growth to ~4 mm CW. Cheliped dimensions were larger in males than in females, probably as a consequence of sexual selection. Cheliped propodus length and width increased with growth in both sexes, but the rates of increase tended to decelerate after ~7 mm CW in females. This indicates that females may allocate more energy to pleon growth while limiting cheliped growth.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141389781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The taxonomy of the setose brachyuran crabs Ser fukiensisRathbun, 1931 and Litocheira amoyensisGordon, 1930, both described based on material from Fujian, China, have been poorly understood for decades.. The monotypic genus SerRathbun, 1931 had been placed under Carcinoplacinae H. Milne Edwards, 1852 and Rhizopinae Stimpson, 1858 by subsequent authors. Examining type lots of both species and recently acquired material, we find the holotype of L. amoyensis is an immature male but this name represents a senior synonym of Ser fukiensis. The genus Ser is re-diagnosed and hereby placed under Pilumninae Samouelle, 1819. It is here considered to contain three species: the type species, Ser fukiensis (= S. amoyensiscomb. nov.); S. sasekumari (Serène, 1971) comb. nov.; and S. mikawaensis (Sakai, 1969) comb. nov.. Comparisons are made between Ser and morphologically similar genera: RhizopoidesNg, 1987, CryptocoelomaMiers, 1884, PseudolitochiraWard, 1942, BossacarcinusŠtevčić, 2011, and HeteropilumnusDe Man, 1895. It is also apparent that Heteropilumnus is a morphologically heterogeneous group, and that its type species, H. stormiDe Man, 1895, is quite distinct from other species currently included in the genus. We discuss the implications of this finding, especially as it pertains to Ser.
数十年来，人们对根据中国福建的材料描述的刚毛腕足蟹 Ser fukiensisRathbun, 1931 和 Litocheira amoyensisGordon, 1930 的分类一直知之甚少。单型属 SerRathbun, 1931 曾被后来的作者归入 Carcinoplacinae H. Milne Edwards, 1852 和 Rhizopinae Stimpson, 1858。通过研究这两个物种的模式标本和最近获得的材料，我们发现 L. amoyensis 的主模式为未成熟雄性，但该名称是 Ser fukiensis 的高级异名。我们重新诊断了 Ser 属，并将其归入 Pilumninae Samouelle, 1819。这里认为它包含三个种：模式种 Ser fukiensis（= S. amoyensiscomb. nov.）；S. sasekumari（Serène，1971）comb. nov.；以及 S. mikawaensis（Sakai，1969）comb. nov.。与形态上相似的属之间进行了比较：RhizopoidesNg, 1987, CryptocoelomaMiers, 1884, PseudolitochiraWard, 1942, BossacarcinusŠtevčić, 2011, 以及 HeteropilumnusDe Man, 1895。很明显，Heteropilumnus 是一个形态异质的类群，其模式种 H. stormiDe Man, 1895 与该属目前包括的其他物种截然不同。我们讨论了这一发现的意义，尤其是与 Ser.
{"title":"Redefinition and revision of Ser Rathbun, 1931 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae)","authors":"Peter K. L. Ng, Kingsley J. H. Wong","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The taxonomy of the setose brachyuran crabs Ser fukiensisRathbun, 1931 and Litocheira amoyensisGordon, 1930, both described based on material from Fujian, China, have been poorly understood for decades.. The monotypic genus SerRathbun, 1931 had been placed under Carcinoplacinae H. Milne Edwards, 1852 and Rhizopinae Stimpson, 1858 by subsequent authors. Examining type lots of both species and recently acquired material, we find the holotype of L. amoyensis is an immature male but this name represents a senior synonym of Ser fukiensis. The genus Ser is re-diagnosed and hereby placed under Pilumninae Samouelle, 1819. It is here considered to contain three species: the type species, Ser fukiensis (= S. amoyensiscomb. nov.); S. sasekumari (Serène, 1971) comb. nov.; and S. mikawaensis (Sakai, 1969) comb. nov.. Comparisons are made between Ser and morphologically similar genera: RhizopoidesNg, 1987, CryptocoelomaMiers, 1884, PseudolitochiraWard, 1942, BossacarcinusŠtevčić, 2011, and HeteropilumnusDe Man, 1895. It is also apparent that Heteropilumnus is a morphologically heterogeneous group, and that its type species, H. stormiDe Man, 1895, is quite distinct from other species currently included in the genus. We discuss the implications of this finding, especially as it pertains to Ser.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aubrey Jane, D. Rasher, J. Waller, Eric Annis, Markus Frederich
The American lobster (Homarus americanusMilne Edwards, 1837) is an ecologically and economically valuable invertebrate in the Northwest Atlantic. Its geographic range is shifting northward due to ocean warming. While extensive research on the thermal tolerance of this species has been performed on adults and postlarvae, there have been few studies focused on its multiple early developmental stages. We applied transcriptomics to investigate transcriptional changes in laboratory-reared American lobster developmental stages I through V. Changes in gene expression were contextualized in the ontogenetic shifts in distribution that these different life history stages experience, with highly active stage IV exhibiting increased cellular metabolism and shell-building processes. We identified differential expression of transcripts related to thermal and UV stress in planktonic stages I-IV compared to benthic stage V, which suggests innate molecular defenses against these stressors. Together, these findings further our understanding of crustacean development in the context of climate change and can be used to inform population distribution modeling efforts. They also provide evidence for the need to investigate the potential trade-offs associated with responding to a changing environment on a stage-by-stage basis.
美洲龙虾（Homarus americanusMilne Edwards，1837 年）是西北大西洋中一种具有生态和经济价值的无脊椎动物。由于海洋变暖，它的地理范围正在北移。虽然对该物种的成体和幼体进行了广泛的热耐受性研究，但很少有研究关注其多个早期发育阶段。我们应用转录组学研究了实验室饲养的美洲龙虾发育阶段 I 至 V 的转录变化。基因表达的变化与这些不同生活史阶段所经历的本体分布变化有关，高度活跃的发育阶段 IV 表现出更强的细胞新陈代谢和造壳过程。与底栖阶段 V 相比，我们在浮游阶段 I-IV 发现了与热和紫外线胁迫相关的转录本的不同表达，这表明它们对这些胁迫具有先天的分子防御能力。总之，这些发现进一步加深了我们对气候变化背景下甲壳动物发育的理解，并可用于种群分布建模工作。这些发现还证明，有必要研究与逐阶段应对不断变化的环境相关的潜在权衡问题。
{"title":"Developmental priorities shift with ontogeny during the early life stages of the American lobster Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae)","authors":"Aubrey Jane, D. Rasher, J. Waller, Eric Annis, Markus Frederich","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The American lobster (Homarus americanusMilne Edwards, 1837) is an ecologically and economically valuable invertebrate in the Northwest Atlantic. Its geographic range is shifting northward due to ocean warming. While extensive research on the thermal tolerance of this species has been performed on adults and postlarvae, there have been few studies focused on its multiple early developmental stages. We applied transcriptomics to investigate transcriptional changes in laboratory-reared American lobster developmental stages I through V. Changes in gene expression were contextualized in the ontogenetic shifts in distribution that these different life history stages experience, with highly active stage IV exhibiting increased cellular metabolism and shell-building processes. We identified differential expression of transcripts related to thermal and UV stress in planktonic stages I-IV compared to benthic stage V, which suggests innate molecular defenses against these stressors. Together, these findings further our understanding of crustacean development in the context of climate change and can be used to inform population distribution modeling efforts. They also provide evidence for the need to investigate the potential trade-offs associated with responding to a changing environment on a stage-by-stage basis.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Specimens of freshwater crabs (PotamonautesMacLeay, 1838) collected from mountainous regions in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa could not be assigned to species level and possibly represented novel lineages. The phylogenetic placement of these two potential novel lineages were investigated with the use of DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial loci (cytochrome oxidase c subunit one - COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear locus (histone 3 (H3)), using a maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference approach incorporating all Potamonautes species described from southern Africa. In addition, a divergence time estimation was undertaken on the tree topology to determine the timing of cladogenesis. Morphometric analyses were also conducted on the two undescribed lineages and co-distributed, phylogenetically closely-related species (P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 and P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021) using discriminant function analyses of carapace and pereiopod variables. Phylogenetic results revealed that the two novel species are sister groups and related to a clade of endemic subtropical species present in north-eastern South Africa, while the divergence time estimation indicates Mio/Pliocene cladogenesis. The morphometric results corroborate the phylogenetic distinction between the two novel lineages and co-distributed sister species. Potamonautes wolkbergin. sp. and P. aurantiusn. sp. are described and compared with other congeneric South African taxa.
从南非林波波省和姆普马兰加省山区采集的淡水蟹（PotamonautesMacLeay，1838 年）标本无法确定物种级别，可能代表新的品系。利用三个线粒体位点（细胞色素氧化酶 c 第一亚单位--COI、12S rRNA 和 16S rRNA）和一个核位点（组蛋白 3 (H3)）的 DNA 序列数据，采用最大似然法和贝叶斯推断法，结合南部非洲描述的所有 Potamonautes 物种，研究了这两个潜在新品系的系统发育位置。此外，还对树的拓扑结构进行了分歧时间估计，以确定支系发生的时间。利用躯壳和围足变量的判别函数分析，还对两个未描述的品系和共同分布的、系统发育上密切相关的物种（P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 和 P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021）进行了形态计量分析。系统发育结果表明，这两个新物种是姊妹群，与南非东北部特有的亚热带物种支系有关，而分歧时间估计表明是中新世/更新世的支系发生。形态计量结果证实了这两个新品系与共同分布的姊妹种之间的系统发育差异。描述了Potamonautes wolkbergin.sp.和P. aurantiusn.sp.，并与南非其他同属类群进行了比较。
{"title":"Hiding in the hills: evidence for two novel mountain-dwelling freshwater crabs of Potamonautes (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae) from South Africa","authors":"Kayleigh Mengel, Savel R Daniels","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruae026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae026","url":null,"abstract":"Specimens of freshwater crabs (PotamonautesMacLeay, 1838) collected from mountainous regions in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa could not be assigned to species level and possibly represented novel lineages. The phylogenetic placement of these two potential novel lineages were investigated with the use of DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial loci (cytochrome oxidase c subunit one - COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear locus (histone 3 (H3)), using a maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference approach incorporating all Potamonautes species described from southern Africa. In addition, a divergence time estimation was undertaken on the tree topology to determine the timing of cladogenesis. Morphometric analyses were also conducted on the two undescribed lineages and co-distributed, phylogenetically closely-related species (P. flavusjoDaniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014 and P. mariepskoppieDaniels, Barnes, Marais & Gouws, 2021) using discriminant function analyses of carapace and pereiopod variables. Phylogenetic results revealed that the two novel species are sister groups and related to a clade of endemic subtropical species present in north-eastern South Africa, while the divergence time estimation indicates Mio/Pliocene cladogenesis. The morphometric results corroborate the phylogenetic distinction between the two novel lineages and co-distributed sister species. Potamonautes wolkbergin. sp. and P. aurantiusn. sp. are described and compared with other congeneric South African taxa.","PeriodicalId":54850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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