Journal for Nature Conservation最新文献_第7页

Genetic contamination by farming indigenous crops in the native range: Pollen flow between cultivated and wild Cyclopia (honeybush) 种植本地作物造成的遗传污染：栽培和野生独角蜂（蜜丛）之间的花粉流

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127119

Kirsten Shaw-Bonner , Genevieve Theron , Opeyemi Adedoja , Cecilia Bester , Sjirk Geerts

Genetic contamination through the cultivation of indigenous crops in their native range has become a concern for nature conservation and agriculture alike. The formation of hybrids has negative evolutionary consequences for wild populations and selective breeding consequences for agriculture. To address some of these questions, we investigate gene flow between wild populations and cultivated honeybush – genus Cyclopia Vent. (Fabaceae) – which has commercial value in the tea industry globally. Through genetic data, pollen movement can indirectly be estimated, but complementary data on pollinator flight distances is necessary to validate this. Movement between flowers of cultivated and wild Cyclopia by the only pollinators, Xylocopa bees, was investigated using mark-release-recapture and radio-tagging. Hand-pollination experiments established whether crosses within and between species from cultivated and wild populations can produce viable offspring. Xylocopa bees forage indiscriminately between cultivated and wild Cyclopia during single foraging bouts with a foraging distance over one kilometre and a range covering up to ∼24 000 m². Crossing experiments done by hand showed that viable hybrid seeds can be produced between C. subternata and C. genistoides as well as between C. subternata and C. maculata. Considering the distances moved by the pollinators, longevity of Cyclopia pollen, and the ability of hybrid plants to form, some gene flow through pollen transfer between cultivated and wild Cyclopia plants is likely. To minimize genetic homogenization and the subsequent loss of unique species and alleles, a protocol guiding safe Cyclopia planting distances, effect of Cyclopia species movement outside of their native range for agriculture, and detailed ploidy studies are urgently needed to guide cultivation of indigenous crops in the native range.

由于在本地种植作物而造成的遗传污染已成为自然保护和农业等方面关注的问题。杂交种的形成对野生种群有负面的进化影响，对农业有选择性育种影响。为了解决这些问题，我们研究了野生蜜丛和栽培蜜丛之间的基因流动。（豆科）——在全球茶叶产业中具有商业价值。通过遗传数据，可以间接估计花粉的运动，但需要关于传粉者飞行距离的补充数据来验证这一点。本文采用放射线标记法和放射线标记法研究了栽培独眼花和野生独眼花的传粉者木蜂在花间的运动。手工授粉实验确定了栽培种群和野生种群的物种内部和物种之间的杂交是否能产生可行的后代。在单次觅食过程中，木蜂在栽培和野生独眼蜂之间不分青红皂白地觅食，觅食距离超过1公里，范围可达24 000平方米。手工杂交实验结果表明，地下金缕草与金缕草、地下金缕草与黄斑金缕草均可产生有活力的杂交种子。考虑到传粉者的传粉距离、独角羚花粉的寿命以及杂交植物的形成能力，可能会有一些基因通过花粉在栽培和野生独角羚植物之间的传递而流动。为了最大限度地减少遗传同质化和随后的独特物种和等位基因的损失，迫切需要制定一项指导独角羚安全种植距离的方案，指导独角羚物种在其原生范围外的农业迁移的影响，以及详细的倍性研究，以指导在原生范围内种植本地作物。

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引用次数: 0

Stream position matters in a least-disturbed catchment? Multifaceted biodiversity indices and community assembly of macroinvertebrates along watercourse 在最少受干扰的集水区，河流位置很重要？水道沿线大型无脊椎动物多样性指数与群落组合

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127161

Huawei Bao , Zongwei Lin , Guohao Liu , Yixia Wang , Yaochun Wang , Jiuli Shi , Lishani Wijewardene , Naicheng Wu

Explaining the mechanisms underlying spatial variation in biodiversity along eco-geographical gradients is essential for advancing community ecology. This study examines macroinvertebrate assemblages in a minimally disturbed watershed system to address three critical research questions: (1) the spatial scaling of macroinvertebrate diversity patterns, (2) the differential responses of functional and taxonomic diversity indices to river location, and (3) the relative contribution of neutral processes in community assembly. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the alpha diversity from upstream to downstream. The partition of beta diversity revealed that taxonomic beta diversity consistently surpassed functional beta diversity across the assemblages. These biodiversity facets exhibited divergent spatial patterns along the river continuum: taxonomic beta diversity maintained relatively stable throughout the longitudinal gradient, while total functional beta diversity and its components demonstrated significantly elevated values in midstream reaches compared to both headwater and downstream zones. In addition, upstream macroinvertebrate communities are dominated by stochastic processes compared to the midstream and downstream. The results indicated divergent response patterns between taxonomic versus functional alpha and beta diversity indices and community assembly processes to prevailing environmental gradients and longitudinal river gradients, revealing their distinct explanatory capacities in deciphering macroinvertebrate biodiversity patterns and community construction. The present study offers the prospect of expanding the scope to encompass additional taxa, such as benthic diatoms and fish, thereby facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving stream biodiversity.

揭示生物多样性空间变异机制是推进群落生态学研究的重要基础。本研究对最小扰动流域系统中的大型无脊椎动物群落进行了研究，以解决三个关键的研究问题：(1)大型无脊椎动物多样性格局的空间尺度；(2)功能和分类多样性指数对河流位置的差异响应；(3)中性过程在群落群落中的相对贡献。结果表明，上游和下游α多样性差异不显著。beta多样性的划分表明，在不同的组合中，分类学上的beta多样性始终优于功能性的beta多样性。这些生物多样性面沿河流连续体呈现出不同的空间格局：分类多样性在纵向梯度上保持相对稳定，而总功能多样性及其组成在中游均显著高于上游和下游。此外，与中游和下游相比，上游大型无脊椎动物群落受随机过程支配。结果表明，分类学和功能性α和β多样性指数以及群落组装过程对主要环境梯度和纵向河流梯度的响应模式存在差异，揭示了它们在解读大型无脊椎动物生物多样性格局和群落建设方面的独特解释能力。目前的研究提供了扩大范围以涵盖其他分类群的前景，例如底栖硅藻和鱼类，从而促进对驱动溪流生物多样性的潜在机制的全面理解。

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引用次数: 0

Monitoring amphibians in a changing climate: conservation assessment of Natterjack Toad Epidalea calamita using ecoacoustics 气候变化中两栖动物的监测：利用生态声学对水仙蟾蜍的保护评价

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127165

Carlos Abrahams , David Pickett , Sandrina Finocchio-Daniels , Alex Bush

Amphibians are experiencing global population declines, with the Natterjack Toad Epidalea calamita facing significant range contraction and breeding failures across its European range.

Effective conservation of this priority species requires robust, long-term monitoring, yet traditional survey methods are often labour-intensive and limited in scope.

This study presents the first application of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) to assess Natterjack Toad breeding activity. Acoustic recorders were deployed at multiple breeding ponds within the Caerlaverock Wetland Centre, Scotland, over three seasons (2022–2024).

Acoustic data revealed consistent diel patterns, with peak calling activity around 22:00, and a seasonal peak between late April and mid-May. Interannual variation in calling onset and intensity was observed, likely influenced by temperature and rainfall. Spatial variation in call detections highlighted key breeding sites and local differences in habitat suitability.

Due to weather patterns and resourcing limitations, traditional surveys detected minimal evidence of breeding activity, preventing statistical correlation with acoustic data; however, this disparity underscores the value of PAM in detecting presence and breeding behaviour when other methods are constrained.

Our findings demonstrate that PAM is a scalable, non-invasive tool capable of capturing fine-scale temporal and spatial patterns in amphibian activity. This approach offers significant potential for long-term monitoring, particularly under changing environmental conditions, and should be integrated into conservation strategies for Natterjack Toad and other threatened amphibians.

两栖动物正经历着全球数量的下降，在整个欧洲范围内，Natterjack Toad面临着显著的范围缩小和繁殖失败。有效保护这一优先物种需要强有力的长期监测，而传统的调查方法往往是劳动密集型的，而且范围有限。本研究首次应用被动声监测（PAM）技术评价黄貂草的繁殖活动。声学记录仪在苏格兰Caerlaverock湿地中心的多个繁殖池塘部署了三个季节（2022-2024）。声学数据显示了一致的拨号模式，呼叫活动高峰在22:00左右，季节性高峰在4月下旬至5月中旬。观察到呼叫开始和强度的年际变化，可能受温度和降雨的影响。鸣叫检测的空间差异突出了关键繁殖地点和生境适宜性的地方差异。由于天气模式和资源限制，传统调查发现的繁殖活动证据很少，无法与声学数据进行统计关联；然而，当其他方法受到限制时，这种差异强调了PAM在检测存在和繁殖行为方面的价值。我们的研究结果表明，PAM是一种可扩展的、非侵入性的工具，能够捕捉两栖动物活动的精细时空模式。这种方法为长期监测提供了巨大的潜力，特别是在不断变化的环境条件下，应该将其纳入Natterjack Toad和其他濒危两栖动物的保护战略中。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating remote sensing and ecological niche modeling to assess shifts in vegetation communities in Egypt’s western Mediterranean 结合遥感和生态位模型评估埃及地中海西部植被群落的变化

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127167

Heba Bedair , Marwa W.A. Halmy , Kamal Shaltout

Niche modeling is an effective tool to forecast change in taxa range and evaluate the impacts of human activities on specific species in desert environments. Despite their utility, these methods are rarely applied to Mediterranean plants of Egypt, likely due to the inhospitable nature of many desert areas. The present study attempts to identify the habitat suitable for vegetation communities, and identify environmental drivers of their distribution, and assess the effect of human’s activity on the land cover in the Mareotis subsector of Egypt. Using occurrence data from 36 environmental variables and 291 plots, the Maxent algorithm was utilized to forecast the suitability of the habitat for four vegetation communities. Additionally, seven Landsat 8 satellite images were analyzed and classified using supervised classification to track land use/ cover changes (LULC). The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of the models exceeded 0.9, revealing strong prediction accuracy, and reliable forecasts of Mediterranean plant communities’ possible geographical distribution. Elevation, wind speed, and the lowest temperature of the coldest month were the key bioclimatic drivers influencing the distribution of the majority of groups. The Rocky and gravelly area emerged as the predominant land use category, covering 59.9% of the region. However, 4% of the natural land cover has been converted to croplands, roads, resorts, and built-up areas due to human activities as of 2020. The study’s conclusions can help guide management plans meant to save the area’s species. Furthermore, similar research in dry regions undergoing comparable land use shifts might use the approach and findings as a reference.

生态位模型是预测荒漠环境中特定物种类群范围变化和评价人类活动对其影响的有效工具。尽管这些方法很有用，但很少应用于埃及的地中海植物，可能是由于许多沙漠地区的不适宜居住的性质。本研究旨在确定埃及Mareotis亚区适合植被群落的生境，确定其分布的环境驱动因素，并评估人类活动对土地覆盖的影响。利用36个环境变量和291个样地的发生数据，利用Maxent算法对4种植被群落的生境适宜性进行了预测。此外，对7幅Landsat 8卫星图像进行了分析和分类，采用监督分类方法跟踪土地利用/覆盖变化（LULC）。模型的曲线下面积（Area Under The Curve， AUC）值均超过0.9，预测精度较高，对地中海植物群落可能的地理分布有较好的预测效果。海拔、风速和最冷月份的最低温度是影响大多数类群分布的主要生物气候驱动因素。岩石和砾石区是主要的土地利用类型，占区域面积的59.9%。然而，截至2020年，由于人类活动，4%的自然土地覆盖已被转化为农田、道路、度假村和建成区。这项研究的结论可以帮助指导旨在拯救该地区物种的管理计划。此外，在经历类似土地利用变化的干旱地区进行的类似研究可以将该方法和研究结果作为参考。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape factors and nesting structure influence productivity in a raptor on the eastern coast of India 景观因素和筑巢结构影响了印度东海岸猛禽的生产力

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127168

Sakti P. Pattnayak , Biswajit Samantaray , Sandeep Rout , B. Anjan Kumar Prusty , Taej Mundkur

Understanding how modified landscapes influence the breeding output of apex predators, such as raptors, is crucial for effective conservation planning. Cyclone-driven loss of mature nesting trees along India’s eastern coast has forced raptors to adapt to man-made structures, whose true fitness value remains unknown. Thus, we monitored the productivity of 33 White-bellied Sea-Eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) territories along India’s cyclone-prone Odisha coast over four breeding seasons (2021–2025) and analysed 91 nesting attempts with the Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). Fledge rate, the proportion of hatchlings that left the nest, was best explained by a negative effect of human population density (β = –0.53 ± 0.25 SE) and a positive effect of waterbody proportion (β = 0.19 ± 0.37). Nests far from waterbodies or embedded in dense settlement matrices fledged significantly fewer young, emphasising the primacy of accessible aquatic prey over vegetation structure or neighbour spacing. Nest structure was equally decisive: all 19 attempts in natural trees produced fledglings (mean ± SD = 1.74 ± 0.45), whereas 39 % of the 72 attempts on telecommunication and power pylons failed, yielding a much lower mean of 0.68 ± 0.60 fledglings, suggesting that artificial structures might be acting as ecological traps. Our findings highlight three management priorities: (i) protecting and restoring tall, cyclone-resilient coastal tree patches; (ii) establishing seasonal disturbance-free buffers that limit shoreline clearing and road traffic around active nests; and (iii) retrofitting existing pylons with raptor-safe platforms and scheduling maintenance outside the breeding window, and custom-made artificial structures should be placed at suitable sites.

了解改变后的景观如何影响顶级掠食者（如猛禽）的繁殖产出，对于有效的保护规划至关重要。飓风导致印度东海岸成熟筑巢树的消失，迫使迅猛龙适应人造建筑，其真正的适合度仍然未知。因此，我们在四个繁殖季节（2021-2025年）监测了印度易受气旋影响的奥里萨邦海岸33个白腹海鹰（halaeetus leucogaster）领地的生产力，并使用广义线性混合模型（glmm）分析了91次筑巢尝试。出巢率与人口密度负相关（β = -0.53±0.25 SE），与水体比例正相关（β = 0.19±0.37）。远离水体或嵌入密集沉降矩阵的巢穴中，幼鸟的羽化明显减少，强调了可接近的水生猎物比植被结构或邻居间距更重要。筑巢结构同样具有决定性作用：在天然树木上进行的19次尝试均产生了雏鸟（平均±SD = 1.74±0.45），而在电信和电力塔上进行的72次尝试中有39%失败，平均产生了0.68±0.60只雏鸟，这表明人工结构可能起到了生态陷阱的作用。我们的研究结果强调了三个管理重点：(i)保护和恢复高大的、具有抗气旋能力的沿海树木斑块；（ii）建立不受季节性干扰的缓冲区，限制清理海岸线和限制活跃巢穴周围的道路交通；（iii）在现有的桥塔上加装对猛禽安全的平台，并在繁殖窗口外安排维修，并在合适的地点放置定制的人工结构。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the land hermit crab trade in physical pet shops across three Asian Countries: Implications for conservation management 调查三个亚洲国家实体宠物店的陆地寄居蟹贸易：对保护管理的启示

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127098

Chia-Hsuan Hsu , Shi-Sheng Liu , Sin-Tung Choi , Tzu-Pi Chen , Bao-Min Gan , Wei-Ting Chen , Takahiro Kubo

Unsustainable wildlife trade is a significant driver of biodiversity decline. However, invertebrate species often receive less attention in wildlife trade research. The trade of land hermit crabs (Coenobita spp.) remains understudied, despite their potential ecological impacts and conservation implications. This study investigates the trade of land hermit crabs in 159 physical pet shops across Japan, Taiwan, and China, regions identified as key locations in their trade networks. We conducted a snapshot survey from July to September in 2025, coinciding with the peak activity season of land hermit crabs. Our findings reveal that Japan has the highest proportion of pet shops selling land hermit crabs (39.4 %), followed by China (12.5 %) and Taiwan (12.1 %). Price and body size analyses indicate significant differences among countries, with larger individuals and higher prices. The relationship between rarity and price varied across regions, with Japan and Taiwan showing higher prices for rarer species. In contrast, China exhibited the opposite trend, where species with a higher market proportion were priced higher. These findings highlight distinct consumer preferences and trade dynamics among countries. Given the absence of captive breeding for commercial purposes, we emphasize the need for cross-border collaboration in assessing wild populations, strengthening trade regulations, promoting sustainable management, improving captive breeding capacity, and enhancing public awareness. Our study provides critical insights into the current status of the land hermit crab pet trade and offers recommendations for sustainable management strategies.

不可持续的野生动物贸易是生物多样性下降的重要驱动因素。然而，在野生动物贸易研究中，无脊椎动物物种往往受到较少的关注。尽管陆地寄居蟹（Coenobita spp.）具有潜在的生态影响和保护意义，但其贸易研究仍然不足。我们在2025年7月至9月进行了一次快照调查，恰逢陆地寄居蟹的活动高峰期。我们的研究结果显示，日本宠物店销售陆地寄居蟹的比例最高（39.4%），其次是中国大陆（12.5%）和台湾（12.1%）。价格和体型分析表明，不同国家之间存在显著差异，个体越大，价格越高。稀有度与价格之间的关系因地区而异，日本和台湾的稀有物种价格更高。而中国则相反，占有较高市场份额的品种价格较高。这些发现突出了不同国家之间不同的消费者偏好和贸易动态。鉴于缺乏商业目的的圈养繁殖，我们强调有必要在评估野生种群、加强贸易法规、促进可持续管理、提高圈养繁殖能力和提高公众意识方面开展跨境合作。我们的研究为陆地寄居蟹宠物贸易的现状提供了重要的见解，并为可持续的管理策略提供了建议。

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引用次数: 0

An ecological view in time and space: The disappearing sawfishes in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh 时间和空间的生态观：孟加拉国孟加拉湾消失的锯鳐

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127059

Alifa Bintha Haque , Subrata Sarker , Shashowti Chowdhury Riya , Nidhi G. D’Costa , Eurida Liyana , ANM Samiul Huda

Sawfish are Critically Endangered globally, necessitating spatial protection and fisheries management in critical habitats for their preservation. Understanding of such habitats remains limited in the Bay of Bengal, despite the confirmed presence of at least three sawfish species. However, in the past, the species most frequently captured from Bangladesh was the Largetooth Sawfish (Pristis pristis). In this study, using a multidisciplinary approach of ecological modelling of suitable habitats and ground-truthing using fishers' knowledge, habitats for sawfish were identified in Bangladesh’s coastal waters. This was achieved by applying an ethnoecological and georeferenced habitat database to determine suitable habitat for sawfish (mostly Largetooth Sawfish). Landsat imagery and thematic layers were analyzed with ENVI and GIS and developed a series of GIS models to identify and rank suitable grounds. The model outputs were verified with fishers’ local ecological knowledge with an accuracy level of 93%. According to the fishers, catches (from 2019 to 2021) were primarily from the Sundarbans mangrove region, while 60% of fishers reported not observing a sawfish for over two decades in the wild, roughly since the early 2000 s. Most fishers highlighted shallow coastal zones and mangrove-associated rivers as critical habitats for juvenile and adult sawfish. Ecological modeling using a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) revealed that water depth and salinity were the primary drivers of habitat suitability, explaining 19 % and 16 % of the variance, respectively. We found the southwest region, particularly the Sundarbans, as the most potential critical habitat for sawfishes in Bangladesh. We recommend immediate spatial conservation measures and bycatch mitigation amongst others, for the long-term population recovery of sawfish in Bangladesh.

锯鳐是全球极度濒危物种，需要在重要栖息地进行空间保护和渔业管理。尽管孟加拉湾已经确认存在至少三种锯鳐，但对这种栖息地的了解仍然有限。然而，在过去，最常从孟加拉国捕获的物种是大齿锯鳐（Pristis Pristis）。在这项研究中，采用多学科方法对适宜栖息地进行生态建模，并利用渔民的知识进行实地调查，在孟加拉国沿海水域确定了锯鳐的栖息地。这是通过应用民族生态学和地理参考栖息地数据库来确定锯鳐（主要是大齿锯鳐）的合适栖息地来实现的。利用ENVI和GIS对Landsat图像和主题层进行分析，开发了一系列GIS模型来识别和排序合适的土地。利用渔民的当地生态知识对模型输出进行了验证，准确率达到93%。根据渔民的说法，渔获量（从2019年到2021年）主要来自孙德尔本斯红树林地区，而60%的渔民报告说，大约从21世纪初开始，已有20多年没有在野外观察到锯鳐。大多数渔民强调，浅海岸带和与红树林相关的河流是幼锯鳐和成年锯鳐的重要栖息地。利用广义加性模型（GAM）建立的生态模型显示，水深和盐度是生境适宜性的主要驱动因素，分别解释了19%和16%的方差。我们发现西南地区，特别是孙德尔本斯，是孟加拉国锯鳐最潜在的关键栖息地。我们建议立即采取空间保护措施和减少副渔获物等，以便孟加拉国锯鳐的长期种群恢复。

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引用次数: 0

Veronica oetaea, a critically endangered narrow endemic of Mt. Oeta (Central Greece): Population dynamics and conservation threats 欧埃塔山（希腊中部）一种极度濒危的狭窄特有种：种群动态和保护威胁

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127133

S. Oikonomidis , K. Koutsovoulou , I. Dimitriadis , A. Bantounas , P. Delipetrou , C.A. Thanos , K. Georghiou

Veronica oetaea Gustavsson is an annual, narrow-range endemic plant, a specialist of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds (MTPs), and a priority species under the EU Habitats Directive. Its entire global population is confined to three high-altitude MTPs (Alykaina, Greveno, and Livadies) on Mount Oeta, Greece. MTPs are a priority habitat under the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC (code: 3170*). A twelve-year monitoring program (2013–2024), one of the few long-term MTP studies, revealed a marked population decline. The subpopulation in Livadies, the largest pond inhabited by the species, experienced a near-total collapse, with no individuals recorded in 2021 and 2023. In Alykaina and Greveno, subpopulations plummeted by 90–95 % between 2015 and 2016 and have since stabilized at critically low levels. To assess long-term viability, we conducted a Population Viability Analysis (PVA) using population matrix models for each subpopulation incorporating both the reproductive stages and transitional dynamics of the species. These models incorporated in-situ and ex-situ data on the species’ life cycle, alongside climatic parameters, primarily flooding events. The analysis identified secondary summer flooding during the flowering and fruiting period as the most critical threat. Climatic data show this phenomenon has intensified over the last 15 years, disrupting the plant’s reproduction. This is a unique case where precipitation, not drought, negatively affect the floristic composition of this habitat type. The threat is compounded by interspecific competition, with Eleocharis palustris encroaching in Livadies and Trifolium sp. in Alykaina. The PVA projects a high risk of extinction for V. oetaea within the next few decades if current biotic and abiotic pressures persist.

维罗妮卡（Veronica oetaea Gustavsson）是一种一年生、狭窄范围的地方性植物，是地中海临时池塘（MTPs）的专家，也是欧盟栖息地指令下的优先物种。它的全球人口都局限在希腊Oeta山上的三个高海拔MTPs （Alykaina， Greveno和Livadies）。MTPs是栖息地指令92/43/EEC（代码：3170*）下的优先栖息地。一项为期12年的监测计划（2013-2024年）是为数不多的长期MTP研究之一，显示出种群数量明显下降。该物种居住的最大池塘Livadies的亚种群几乎完全崩溃，在2021年和2023年没有记录到个体。在Alykaina和Greveno，亚种群数量在2015年至2016年期间下降了90 - 95%，此后稳定在极低水平。为了评估其长期生存能力，我们使用种群矩阵模型对每个亚种群进行了种群生存能力分析（PVA），包括物种的生殖阶段和过渡动态。这些模型结合了物种生命周期的原位和非原位数据，以及气候参数，主要是洪水事件。分析认为，花期和结实期的次生夏季洪水是最严重的威胁。气候数据显示，这种现象在过去15年里愈演愈烈，扰乱了植物的繁殖。这是一个独特的例子，降水，而不是干旱，对这种栖息地类型的植物区系组成产生了负面影响。种间竞争加剧了威胁，Eleocharis palustris在livdies和Trifolium sp.在Alykaina的入侵。PVA预测，如果目前的生物和非生物压力持续下去，在未来几十年里，紫叶菊灭绝的风险很高。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-criteria conservation assessment of the economically important rattan Calamus inops Becc. ex K.Heyne (Arecaceae), an endemic species from Sulawesi, Indonesia 经济要地菖蒲的多指标保护评价。ex k.h ayne（槟榔科），印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛特有种

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127099

Himmah Rustiami , Didi Usmadi , Joko Ridho Witono , Liam A. Trethowan , Marlina Ardiyani , Lulut Dwi Sulistyaningsih , Alex Sumadijaya , Ina Erlinawati , I Putu Gede P. Damayanto , Ni Putu Sri Asih , Yuzammi , Ary Prihardhyanto Keim , Andrew J. Henderson

Calamus inops Becc. ex K.Heyne (Arecaceae) is an economically important rattan species endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. This species is increasingly threatened due to unsustainable logging, land use change, and global climate change. We assess the occurrence patterns, environmental factors influencing its distribution, and potential threats to C. inops. Field surveys were conducted in multiple regions of Sulawesi, and species records were created using herbarium data and global biodiversity databases. MaxEnt was used to model predicted current and future distribution. Conservation assessment was conducted using the IUCN Red List criteria. Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) had AUC Training and Test values of 0.9 or more. Suitable habitats for C. inops are primarily concentrated in highland regions, especially within Central Sulawesi and covering an area of approximately 25,456 km² or 15.48 % of the total area of Sulawesi. The population of this species is primarily influenced by mean annual temperature, followed by mean annual precipitation and slope, with most suitable habitats located within protected areas, such as Lore Lindu National Park. Based on the geospatial conservation assessment tool, occurrence, and the declining quality of habitat, we propose the conservation status of C. inops as Vulnerable (VU). The understanding of spatial distribution, habitat requirements, and conservation assessment is needed to manage the conservation aspect of this species and of Sulawesi as a whole.

菖蒲在英国。槟榔科（kk . heyne）是印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛特有的重要经济藤本植物。由于不可持续的伐木、土地利用变化和全球气候变化，这一物种正日益受到威胁。分析了其发生模式、影响其分布的环境因素以及对其的潜在威胁。在苏拉威西岛多个地区进行了实地调查，并利用植物标本馆数据和全球生物多样性数据库建立了物种记录。使用MaxEnt对预测的当前和未来分布进行建模。保护评估是根据世界自然保护联盟红色名录的标准进行的。物种分布模型（SDM）的AUC Training和Test值均大于等于0.9。适宜的栖息地主要集中在高原地区，特别是苏拉威西中部，面积约为25456平方公里，占苏拉威西总面积的15.48%。该物种的种群数量主要受年平均温度的影响，其次是年平均降水量和坡度，最适合的栖息地位于保护区内，如洛林杜国家公园。基于地理空间保护评价工具、栖息地的发生和生境质量的下降，提出了柽柳的脆弱保护现状。了解空间分布、栖息地要求和保护评估是管理该物种和整个苏拉威西岛保护方面的必要条件。

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引用次数: 0

Substitutability of CITES-listed species in traditional Chinese medicine amongst the general public in Hong Kong 《公约》所列物种在香港中药中的可替代性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127070

Jessica Bell Rizzolo , Hubert Cheung , Jovy Y.S. Chan

While most medicinal ingredients used in TCM are derived from plants, the use of animal-based medicines from threatened and endangered species has raised significant conservation concerns. We conducted a quantitative survey in 2023 with a population-based sample (n = 1556) in Hong Kong. In addition to gathering baseline data about TCM attitudes and use, we used an experimental vignette survey to assess the willingness to accept substitutes for five products: a) tiger bone, b) bear bile, c) tokay gecko, d) seahorse, and e) saiga antelope horn. We examined how acceptance for substitutes is impacted by the combination of five factors: price, the legality of the original product, the type of substitute (domestic animal, synthetic, or plant-based), availability of the substitute, and conservation status of the species. 72.1 % of respondents believed that TCM is effective and 28.7 % used wildlife supplements as part of TCM. However, the use of synthetic and plant-based TCM supplements was higher than that of wildlife-based ones, and past consumption of substitutes ranged from moderate (34.6 % for saiga) to high (61.9 % for seahorse). In logistic regression models, factors that increased substitutability acceptance differed by species. For bear bile and tokay gecko, having an easily available substitute increased substitutability. For tiger bone, the conservation status of wild tigers impacted substitutability. Price was a significant factor for both saiga and seahorse. We discuss how approaches tailored to specific products, as well as preexistent attitudes towards TCM, can increase the sustainability of TCM and the protection of CITES-listed species in Hong Kong.

虽然中药中使用的大多数药用成分来自植物，但使用来自受威胁和濒危物种的动物药物引起了人们对保护的重大关注。我们于2023年在香港进行了一项以人口为基础的样本（n = 1556）的定量调查。除了收集有关中医态度和使用的基线数据外，我们还使用了一项实验性小问卷调查来评估接受五种产品替代品的意愿：a)虎骨，b)熊胆，c) tokay壁虎，d)海马，e)赛加羚羊角。我们研究了对替代品的接受程度如何受到五个因素的影响：价格、原始产品的合法性、替代品的类型（家畜、合成或植物基）、替代品的可获得性以及物种的保护状况。72.1%的受访者认为中药是有效的，28.7%的受访者将野生动物补充剂作为中药的一部分。然而，合成和植物性中药补充剂的使用率高于野生动物补充剂，过去的替代品消费量从中等（赛加羚羊34.6%）到高（海马61.9%）不等。在逻辑回归模型中，增加可替代性接受度的因素因物种而异。对于熊胆和壁虎来说，有一个容易获得的替代品增加了可替代性。对于虎骨，野生虎的保护状况影响了其可替代性。价格对赛加羚羊和海马来说都是重要的因素。我们将讨论如何为特定产品量身定制的方法，以及对中药的原有态度，以提高中药的可持续性和保护香港的cites列入物种。

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引用次数: 0