Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics最新文献_第5页

Changes in the Nature of Temperature Anomalies of the Black Sea Surface during the Warming Period of the Late 20th–Early 21st Centuries 20 世纪末 21 世纪初变暖时期黑海表层温度异常的性质变化

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823120174

A. B. Polonsky, A. N. Serebrennikov

Abstract

A general increase in the surface temperature of the Black Sea has been confirmed based on an analysis of satellite data from 1982 to 2021 with a spatial resolution of about 0.05° × 0.05°. The annual mean temperature increase is about 0.6°C/10 years. The annual temperature increase due to a linear trend is maximum in May–June. During these months of hydrological spring, the rate of increase in sea surface temperature (SST) is approximately one and a half times greater than in October–November. During most of the year, the general warming of the surface water layer is not accompanied by a significant increase in the intramonthly SST variance. Such an increase is observed only in some months of transition seasons, especially during the period of hydrological spring, when the absolute value of extreme thermal anomalies and their area increase significantly. The maximum amplitudes of interannual SST variations are confined to the northwestern part of the Black Sea. Changes in the fields of the atmospheric pressure and wind have a significant impact on the spatiotemporal structure of SST. Long-term trends in the surface pressure over the Black Sea indicate an intensification of regional cyclonic activity in the atmosphere (especially pronounced since 2009), which leads to the increased generation of negative SST anomalies of significant amplitude. Such anomalies occur mainly in the warm half of the year (especially in May and October) due to the development of upwellings of wind origin of various types. In May and October, negative SST anomalies in the range of ‒(6–5)°С are characterized by the maximum areas. Warm anomalies are also most often recorded in May and (to a lesser extent) in October. They are generated by anomalous heat fluxes on the sea surface, including those in the shallow areas of the shelf, and spread to open areas of the water basin due to horizontal advection, predominantly of wind origin. The described patterns of spatiotemporal SST variability and their causes are illustrated by a comprehensive analysis of wind and SST fields of high spatial resolution during the development of extreme thermal anomalies.

摘要根据对 1982 年至 2021 年空间分辨率约为 0.05° × 0.05°的卫星数据的分析，证实了黑海表面温度的普遍上升。年平均温度增幅约为 0.6°C/10年。由于线性趋势，年气温升幅在 5-6 月间最大。在水文春季的这几个月中，海面温度（SST）的上升率约为 10-11 月的 1.5 倍。在一年中的大部分时间里，表层水温的普遍升高并没有伴随着海表温度月内差异的显著增加。只有在过渡季节的某些月份，特别是水文春季期间，极端热异常的绝对值及其面积才会明显增加。海温年际变化的最大振幅仅限于黑海西北部。大气压力和风场的变化对海温的时空结构有重大影响。黑海上空表面气压的长期趋势表明，大气中的区域气旋活动加剧（自 2009 年以来尤为明显），导致产生幅度较大的负海温异常。这种异常现象主要出现在每年的暖季（尤其是 5 月和 10 月），原因是各种类型的风源上升流的发展。在 5 月和 10 月，-(6-5)°С 范围内的负 SST 异常值最大。暖异常也多出现在 5 月和 10 月（程度较轻）。它们是由海面（包括陆架浅海区域）的异常热通量产生的，并由于水平平流（主要是风力）扩散到水盆的开阔区域。通过对极端热异常现象发生期间高空间分辨率的风场和海温场进行综合分析，说明了所描述的海温时空变化模式及其原因。

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引用次数: 0

Lithospheric Magnetic Anomalies According to the CHAMP Satellite Mission Data over the Western Himalayan Syntaxis and Surrounding Areas 根据喜马拉雅山脉西段和周边地区的 CHAMP 卫星任务数据得出的岩石圈磁异常现象

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823120022

D. Yu. Abramova, L. M. Abramova

Abstract

The spatial distribution of the lithospheric magnetic anomalies field obtained from German CHAMP satellite measurements for several years of its mission is investigated over the territory of the Indo-Asian collision, in particular, the Tarim region and the Western Himalayan syntax (WHS). Maps of the total intensity T_a of the lithospheric magnetic field for these regions are given. The lithospheric magnetic anomalies field as a reflection of the consequences of the Indian lithospheric plate subduction under the Eurasian plate is discussed in the context of modern ideas about the geological and tectonic structure and geophysical processes of the region. The sign inversion of the magnetic anomalies over the northern part of the Indian Plate observed on T_a maps is supposed as a result of the lower crust heating due to mantle processes, the rise of the Curie isotherm and, as a consequence, the loss of the initial magnetization of the lower crust. In order to study the WHS territory and its surroundings in detail, maps of the lithospheric magnetic anomalies field are constructed at the lowest level of CHAMP orbit as possible, which leads to an increase in their resolution by nearing the field sources. The relationship of detected regional anomalies with tectonic processes in this seismically active area and with other available geophysical information is discussed. An interpretation of the obtained information shows that the images of lithospheric magnetic anomalies distinctly correlate with modern view about the location of large-scale geological and tectonic structures.

摘要研究了从德国 CHAMP 卫星数年任务测量中获得的岩石圈磁异常场在印度洋-亚洲碰撞领土上的空间分布情况，特别是塔里木地区和西喜马拉雅综合体（WHS）。文中给出了这些地区岩石圈磁场的总强度 Ta 图。根据有关该地区地质和构造结构以及地球物理过程的现代观点，讨论了反映欧亚板块下印度岩石圈板块俯冲后果的岩石圈磁异常场。Ta 地图上观察到的印度板块北部磁异常的符号反转被认为是地幔过程导致的下地壳加热、居里等温线上升以及下地壳初始磁化丧失的结果。为了详细研究 WHS 领土及其周围地区，尽可能在 CHAMP 轨道的最低层绘制岩石圈磁异常场图，这样可以通过接近磁场源来提高分辨率。讨论了探测到的区域异常与这一地震活跃地区的构造过程以及其他现有地球物理信息之间的关系。对所获信息的解释表明，岩石圈磁异常图像与现代关于大尺度地质和构造结构位置的观点明显相关。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of Zones of Hydrothermally Altered Rocks Using WorldView-2 Data at the Talman Site (Talmanskaya Area, South-Eastern Transbaikal, Russia) 利用 WorldView-2 数据确定塔尔曼遗址（俄罗斯外贝加尔东南部塔尔曼斯卡娅地区）的热液蚀变岩石区

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823120113

V. T. Ishmukhametova, I. O. Nafigin, S. A. Ustinov, D. S. Lapaev, V. A. Minaev, V. A. Petrov

Abstract

This work is aimed at the practical application of satellite imagery data for the selection of promising areas during geological exploration work in conditions of medium-low mountainous terrain and a sharply continental climate. The processing results and analysis of WorldView-2 data within the Talmanskaya area are presented in order to identify zones of hydrothermal-metasomatic changes in rocks that are promising for identifying of gold-polymetallic mineralization. The choice of the study area is due to sufficient geological knowledge and the absence of man-made formations that affect the result of processing satellite imagery materials. To increase the spectral information content of the WorldView-2 data, the spectral channel ratio method was used, as a result of which a pseudocolor RGB composite was created that displays the spectral characteristics of objects on the Earth’s day surface, in particular, minerals of the oxide/hydroxide group containing transition iron ions (Fe³⁺ and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺). A comparison of satellite data processing results along with geological information made it possible to identify spectral anomalies as indicators of the presence of near-ore changes, which are an important search criterion for hydrothermal deposits.

摘要这项工作旨在实际应用卫星图像数据，在中低山地形和大陆性气候条件下进行地质勘探工作时选择有潜力的地区。本文介绍了对 Talmanskaya 地区 WorldView-2 数据的处理结果和分析，目的是确定岩石中的热液-金属变化区域，这些区域有望发现金多金属矿化。之所以选择该研究地区，是因为该地区地质知识充足，没有影响卫星图像资料处理结果的人造地层。为了增加 WorldView-2 数据的光谱信息含量，使用了光谱信道比方法，其结果是创建了伪彩色 RGB 合成图像，显示了地球日表面物体的光谱特征，特别是含有过渡铁离子（Fe3+ 和 Fe3+/Fe2+）的氧化物/氢氧化物组矿物。通过比较卫星数据处理结果和地质信息，可以确定光谱异常是存在近矿变化的指标，而近矿变化是热液矿床的一个重要搜索标准。

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引用次数: 0

Manifestation of Upwellings in the Black Sea in Multisensor Remote Sensing Data 多传感器遥感数据中的黑海隆起现象

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823120137

D. V. Khlebnikov, A. Yu. Ivanov, M. A. Evdoshenko, S. K. Klimenko

Abstract

Results of upwelling research in the Black Sea, namely in the northeastern part of the sea, near the Tendrovskaya Spit and western coast of Crimea, and off the coast of Turkey, are presented. The results are based on the use of Earth remote sensing data, in particular the data from color scanners (MODIS, VIIRS, OLCI-A, and OLCI-B), infrared radiometers (TIRS and AVHRR), and SAR images from synthetic aperture radars. An integrated approach using almost exclusively remote sensing data makes it possible to fully characterize the observed upwellings in the Black Sea. In the active phase, upwelling, in addition to sea surface temperature (SST), is usually reflected in both the chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration field and sea surface roughness field. In our cases, the duration of upwellings varied from 6 to 10 days; the SST differences in the upwelling zone reached 3–8°C; and Chl a concentrations were 5–6 times higher than the background values, being 0.5–0.7 mg/m³. The maximum SST anomalies up to 8°C were observed off the Turkish coast. The analysis revealed a clear relationship between areas of reduced SST in the upwelling zone, sea surface roughness, and Chl a concentration. It is shown that, in the case of using a complete set of remote sensing data, observing, monitoring, and studying upwelling does not present any fundamental difficulties.

摘要介绍了黑海上升流研究的结果，即黑海东北部、Tendrovskaya Spit 和克里米亚西海岸附近以及土耳其沿海的上升流研究结果。研究结果基于对地球遥感数据的使用，特别是来自彩色扫描仪（MODIS、VIIRS、OLCI-A 和 OLCI-B）、红外辐射计（TIRS 和 AVHRR）以及合成孔径雷达的合成孔径雷达图像的数据。几乎完全使用遥感数据的综合方法使得全面描述黑海观测到的上升流成为可能。在活动阶段，除了海面温度（SST）外，上升流通常还反映在叶绿素 a（Chl a）浓度场和海面粗糙度场中。在我们的案例中，上升流持续时间从 6 天到 10 天不等；上升流区的海面温度差达到 3-8°C ；叶绿素 a 浓度比背景值高 5-6 倍，为 0.5-0.7 mg/m3。在土耳其沿岸观测到的最大海温异常可达 8°C。分析表明，上升流区海温降低的区域、海面粗糙度和 Chl a 浓度之间存在明显的关系。这表明，在使用全套遥感数据的情况下，观测、监测和研究上升流并不存在任何根本性的困难。

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引用次数: 0

Satellite-Based Mapping of the Negative Impact of Gold Mining Enterprises on the Natural Environment of the Cryolithozone (Using the Example of Magadan Oblast) 基于卫星的黄金开采企业对冰冻带自然环境负面影响的测绘（以马加丹州为例）

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090086

P. G. Ilyushina, A. N. Shikhov, O. M. Makarieva

Abstract

Gold mining at ore and alluvial deposits substantially negatively impacts the natural environment, in particular, by land degradation and the contamination of watercourses with suspended solids. In this study, we consider a methodology for identifying and mapping the negative impact of gold mining enterprises on the natural environment based on a long-term series of free-available Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite images. This study is carried out using the example of Tenkinsky, Susumansky, and Yagodninsky districts in Magadan oblast, where the largest gold deposits are located. Identifying features of active mining areas, as well as abandoned ones (on which vegetation began to recover), have been found in satellite images. Based on the expert interpretation of the images and NDVI analysis, it is found that about 2% of the study area has been affected by gold mining. The processes of vegetation recovery are identified only on 10% of the degraded lands. In the Tenkinsky district, the area of disturbed lands for the period 2001–2021 increased more than seven times, which is associated with a substantial increase in gold mining. Using the C2RCC processor (module of the SNAP software package), the content of suspended solids in the water of the most impacted rivers, the Berelekh, Ayan-Yuryakh, and Kolyma, has been estimated in comparison with natural values (typical for noncontaminated water). We have found that the main source of suspended matter in the rivers is the alluvial gold deposits located in the floodplain of the Berelekh River. At the same time, the seasonal variability of water contamination is determined by the hydrological situation. In particular, water turbidity decreases during low water periods and increases during high-flow periods.

摘要矿床和冲积矿床的金矿开采对自然环境造成了严重的负面影响，特别是土地退化和悬浮固体对水道的污染。在本研究中，我们根据长期免费提供的 Landsat 和 Sentinel-2 卫星图像系列，考虑了一种识别和绘制金矿开采企业对自然环境的负面影响的方法。本研究以马加丹州最大的金矿所在地 Tenkinsky、Susumansky 和 Yagodninsky 地区为例进行。在卫星图像中发现了活跃矿区和废弃矿区（植被已开始恢复）的识别特征。根据专家对图像的解读和 NDVI 分析，发现约有 2% 的研究区域受到金矿开采的影响。只有 10% 的退化土地发现了植被恢复过程。在 Tenkinsky 地区，2001-2021 年期间受干扰土地的面积增加了七倍多，这与金矿开采的大幅增加有关。利用 C2RCC 处理器（SNAP 软件包的模块），将受影响最严重的河流（别列列赫河、阿扬-尤里亚赫河和科雷马河）水中的悬浮固体含量与自然值（未受污染水的典型值）进行了比较估算。我们发现，河流中悬浮物质的主要来源是位于别列列赫河洪泛区的冲积金矿床。同时，水污染的季节性变化是由水文状况决定的。特别是，在枯水期，水的浑浊度会降低，而在丰水期，浑浊度会升高。

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引用次数: 0

International Cooperation in the Research and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes (on the 55th Anniversary of the Intercosmos Program) 为和平目的研究和利用外层空间的国际合作（纪念国际宇宙计划 55 周年）

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090219

L. A. Vedeshin

Abstract

Studies of large-scale space processes and phenomena require the scientific efforts of many countries and the use of expensive technical resources, the development and manufacture of which requires intergovernmental cooperation. These are just some of the things that lead to the need for cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space. From the very beginning of the space age, the Soviet Union offered the international community all kinds of cooperation, and, after its collapse in 1991, Russia, as its legal successor, assumed obligations to implement previously planned international projects under the Intercosmos program and continued cooperation with national space organizations in the United States, Europe, India, China, Japan, etc., on the basis of bilateral intergovernmental agreements.

AbstractStudies of large-scale space processes and phenomena requires the scientific efforts of many countries and the use of expensive technical resources, the development and manufacture of which requires intergovernmental cooperation.这些只是导致探索和利用外层空间需要合作的部分原因。从太空时代一开始，苏联就向国际社会提供了各种合作，1991 年苏联解体后，俄罗斯作为其合法继承国，承担了根据国际宇宙航行联合会方案实施先前计划的国际项目的义务，并根据双边政府间协定，继续与美国、欧洲、印度、中国、日本等国家的空间组织开展合作。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index as a Source of Information on Aboveground Phytomass in Steppes 评估归一化差异植被指数作为草原地上植被量信息来源的作用

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090116

A. V. Khoroshev, O. G. Kalmykova, G. Kh. Dusaeva

Abstract

Labor consumption of phytomass measurements on sample plots hinders the extrapolation of point data to areas comparable to commercial lands or landscape units. Vegetation indices calculated from satellite images are usually considered indicators of green phytomass; they are used for its areal estimates. The task of this study is to establish the informativity of the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) depending on the fractional structure of living and dead aboveground phytomass, seasonal dynamics of the biological cycle, hydrothermal conditions, and landscape position. The results of monthly measurements of aboveground phytomass fractions on 13 sites in phytocenoses of forest feather grass and feather grass formations in the Burtinskaya steppe (Orenburg Nature Reserve) from May to September 2015–2020 were used. The NDVI values were calculated for each period from Landsat satellite images at all sites. Hypotheses about geobotanical, hydrothermal, phonological, and landscape factors of NDVI informativity were tested by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficients using the dispersion and multiregression analysis. The discrepancy between the seasonal peaks of the NDVI and green phytomass is not consistent with the common concept of a direct indicator value of the NDVI. The total live biomass correlates more clearly with the index in June and July; the correlation is lower in the end of the season. The NDVI index turned out to be sensitive not so much to the reserves of green phytomass, but more to the mass and proportion of forbs and the ratio of live and dead phytomass. In late spring and early summer, the NDVI is most closely associated with forbs and, in July, with cereals. The hypothesis about the possibility of screening green mass with standing dead biomass was confirmed, which leads to a decrease in the NDVI despite the preservation or growth of green phytomass. The NDVI may underestimate the real green phytomass if there is a sharp increase in the mass of standing dead biomass, usually in the second half of summer and early autumn. The NDVI more adequately reflects the state of the aboveground phytomass of steppe communities that have not been exposed to fires for a long time when compared with burned communities and fallows.

摘要在样地进行植物量测量需要耗费大量人力物力，这阻碍了将点数据推断为可与商业用地或景观单位相媲美的区域。根据卫星图像计算的植被指数通常被认为是绿色植物量的指标，用于估算其面积。本研究的任务是确定归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）的信息量，这取决于地上植物体的生死分数结构、生物循环的季节动态、水热条件和景观位置。本文采用了 2015 年 5 月至 2020 年 9 月期间对布尔金斯卡亚草原（奥伦堡自然保护区）森林羽毛草和羽毛草植物群落 13 个地点的地上植物体分数进行的月度测量结果。根据所有地点的 Landsat 卫星图像计算了每个时期的 NDVI 值。通过使用分散和多元回归分析法计算斯皮尔曼相关系数，检验了有关 NDVI 信息性的地理植物学、热液学、语音学和景观学因素的假设。归一化差异植被指数的季节性峰值与绿色植物量之间的差异与归一化差异植被指数直接指标值的常见概念并不一致。总活生物量在 6 月和 7 月与该指数的相关性更明显，而在季节末期相关性较低。事实证明，归一化差异植被指数对绿色植物量的储量并不太敏感，而对牧草的质量和比例以及活体和枯死植物量的比例更为敏感。在春末夏初，NDVI 与牧草的关系最为密切，而在七月则与谷物的关系最为密切。用枯死生物量筛选绿色植被的假设得到了证实，这导致尽管绿色植被保留或生长，但归一化差异植被指数下降。如果立枯生物量急剧增加（通常在夏末秋初），则净植被指数可能会低估真正的绿色植物量。与燃烧过的群落和休耕地相比，NDVI 能更充分地反映长期未受火灾影响的草原群落的地上植物量状况。

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引用次数: 0

Registering the Peculiarities of Wind Wave Breaking from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 无人机记录风浪破碎的特殊性

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090128

A. E. Korinenko, V. V. Malinovsky, A. A. Kubryakov

Abstract

The results of using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to study the processes of gravitational wave breaking are presented. The experiments are carried out in the coastal zone of the western Crimea (the area of Sevastopol) in the range of wind speeds from 5.5 to 9.5 m/s. The determination of the geometric dimensions of breaking and their speeds is carried out according to video recordings of the sea surface obtained from the UAV. It is shown that the spatial resolution of the transformed image plays a key role in separating the active phase of breaking and residual foam. Errors occur in determining the kinematic properties of the breaking with a rough spatial resolution. The proportion of the sea surface covered with foam of breaking waves, the ratio of the maximum length of the spume to the length of the breaking wave, and the distribution of the total breaking length in the intervals of movement speeds per surface unit (obtained from UAVs with a spatial resolution better than 0.5m) are in agreement with results of other authors. Data analysis shows that the use of UAVs makes it possible to study the statistical characteristics and kinematics of wind wave breaking. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the effect of spatial resolution in the video frame, which can lead to the distortion or omission of measurement data at values comparable to or exceeding the breaking scale.

摘要介绍了使用无人飞行器（UAV）研究引力波破碎过程的结果。实验在克里米亚西部沿海地区（塞瓦斯托波尔地区）进行，风速范围为 5.5 至 9.5 米/秒。根据无人机获取的海面视频记录，确定了断裂的几何尺寸及其速度。结果表明，转换图像的空间分辨率在区分活动破碎阶段和残余泡沫方面起着关键作用。如果空间分辨率较低，在确定断裂运动特性时就会出现误差。破浪泡沫覆盖海面的比例、水花最大长度与破浪长度之比以及破浪总长度在每表面单位运动速度区间的分布（由空间分辨率优于 0.5 米的无人机获得）与其他作者的结果一致。数据分析表明，使用无人机可以研究风浪破碎的统计特征和运动学。同时，有必要考虑到视频帧空间分辨率的影响，这可能会导致测量数据在与破浪尺度相当或超过破浪尺度时失真或遗漏。

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引用次数: 0

Peculiarities of Paleogeography of the Ubsunur Basin in 2022 2022 年乌布苏努尔盆地古地理的特殊性

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090153

T. N. Prudnikova

Abstract

Studies of the paleogeographical properties of the Ubsunur Basin located on the territory of northwestern Mongolia and southern Tuva are based on the discovery of buried ice veins under Aeolian sediments in the region of Lake Khar-Nur in the eastern mountainous frame of the Great Lakes Basin of Western Mongolia. Satellite images have shown outlines of fields along the periphery of the sand deposits, the natural irrigation of which, in our opinion, was due to the melting of the abovementioned ice. Deposits similar to glacial ones have been found in the river valleys of the northern mountainous framing of the Ubsunur Basin, in its foothill part, suggesting the presence of Pleistocene glaciers extending into its flat plains. It is also assumed on this basis that, similarly to Lake Khar-Nur, the peculiar sandy massifs located in the basin could preserve relic zones of permafrost, the thawing of which contributed to the moistening of local landscapes. Such humidification zones have been seen on satellite images. There are no glacial deposits in this territory in geological legends. At this stage of research, we confirm the presence in the past of thin glaciers in the study site, caused by mountain-forming processes, and the eruption of Quaternary volcanoes on the territory of Tuva and Mongolia. Tectonic processes contributed to the damming of the Tes Khem River, the main waterway flowing along the northern mountain rim of the basin, the formation of dammed lakes, and their subsequent descent. Extended original sandy massifs located in the basin within the Agardag mountain range, previously considered fluvioglacial deposits, are a result of the descent of dammed lakes.

摘要对位于蒙古西北部和图瓦南部境内的乌布苏努尔盆地古地理特性的研究，是基于在蒙古西部大湖盆地东部山区框架内的哈尔-努尔湖地区发现了埋藏在风化沉积物下的冰脉。卫星图像显示了沙沉积物外围的田野轮廓，我们认为，这些沙沉积物的自然灌溉是由上述冰融化造成的。在乌布苏努尔盆地北部山区山麓的河谷中也发现了类似于冰川的沉积物，这表明更新世冰川曾延伸至平坦的平原。据此还推测，与哈尔-努尔湖类似，盆地中奇特的沙质丘陵也可能保存有永久冻土遗迹区，永久冻土的融化有助于湿润当地地貌。从卫星图像上可以看到这种湿润区。在地质传说中，该地区没有冰川沉积。在现阶段的研究中，我们确认研究地点过去曾出现过由成山过程造成的薄冰川，以及图瓦和蒙古境内第四纪火山的喷发。构造过程导致特斯克姆河（流经盆地北部山区边缘的主要水道）筑坝、堰塞湖的形成及其后的消退。位于盆地内阿格达格山脉的延伸原始沙丘，以前被认为是冰川沉积物，是堰塞湖下降的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Model Calculations of Ozone Content in the Atmosphere by Earth’s Outgoing Radiation 通过地球向外辐射计算大气中的臭氧含量模型

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090189

S. A. Shishigin

Abstract

The model of the atmosphere in the form of a sequence of homogeneous layers 100 m in thickness from the surface of the Earth to a height of 40 km is considered. Layer parameters are defined for the standard atmosphere. Spectral sections of 1002–1003 and 1020–1021 cm0^–1 with an opposite dependence of ozone absorption coefficient on its temperature change are selected. This model was transformed into one efficient homogeneous layer. The contribution to the outgoing radiation of the atmosphere in the selected spectral regions of the ozone absorption band (1002–1003 and 1020–1021 cm^–1) is equal to the contributions to the outgoing radiation of the Earth by all nonuniform layers constituting them. The possibility of adjusting the temperature of the Earth’s underlying surface is shown. The method of calculating the ozone content in the atmosphere by the outgoing radiation of the Earth is considered.

摘要研究了从地球表面到 40 千米高处厚度为 100 米的一系列均质层形式的大气模型。层参数是为标准大气层定义的。选择了 1002-1003 和 1020-1021 cm0-1 光谱段，臭氧吸收系数与温度变化的关系相反。该模型被转化为一个有效的均质层。在选定的臭氧吸收带光谱区（1002-1003 和 1020-1021 厘米-1），大气层的外辐射量等于构成这些光谱区的所有非均匀层对地球外辐射量的贡献。显示了调整地球底层表面温度的可能性。考虑了通过地球外向辐射计算大气中臭氧含量的方法。

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