Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics最新文献_第6页

Peculiarities of Paleogeography of the Ubsunur Basin in 2022 2022 年乌布苏努尔盆地古地理的特殊性

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090153

T. N. Prudnikova

Abstract

Studies of the paleogeographical properties of the Ubsunur Basin located on the territory of northwestern Mongolia and southern Tuva are based on the discovery of buried ice veins under Aeolian sediments in the region of Lake Khar-Nur in the eastern mountainous frame of the Great Lakes Basin of Western Mongolia. Satellite images have shown outlines of fields along the periphery of the sand deposits, the natural irrigation of which, in our opinion, was due to the melting of the abovementioned ice. Deposits similar to glacial ones have been found in the river valleys of the northern mountainous framing of the Ubsunur Basin, in its foothill part, suggesting the presence of Pleistocene glaciers extending into its flat plains. It is also assumed on this basis that, similarly to Lake Khar-Nur, the peculiar sandy massifs located in the basin could preserve relic zones of permafrost, the thawing of which contributed to the moistening of local landscapes. Such humidification zones have been seen on satellite images. There are no glacial deposits in this territory in geological legends. At this stage of research, we confirm the presence in the past of thin glaciers in the study site, caused by mountain-forming processes, and the eruption of Quaternary volcanoes on the territory of Tuva and Mongolia. Tectonic processes contributed to the damming of the Tes Khem River, the main waterway flowing along the northern mountain rim of the basin, the formation of dammed lakes, and their subsequent descent. Extended original sandy massifs located in the basin within the Agardag mountain range, previously considered fluvioglacial deposits, are a result of the descent of dammed lakes.

摘要对位于蒙古西北部和图瓦南部境内的乌布苏努尔盆地古地理特性的研究，是基于在蒙古西部大湖盆地东部山区框架内的哈尔-努尔湖地区发现了埋藏在风化沉积物下的冰脉。卫星图像显示了沙沉积物外围的田野轮廓，我们认为，这些沙沉积物的自然灌溉是由上述冰融化造成的。在乌布苏努尔盆地北部山区山麓的河谷中也发现了类似于冰川的沉积物，这表明更新世冰川曾延伸至平坦的平原。据此还推测，与哈尔-努尔湖类似，盆地中奇特的沙质丘陵也可能保存有永久冻土遗迹区，永久冻土的融化有助于湿润当地地貌。从卫星图像上可以看到这种湿润区。在地质传说中，该地区没有冰川沉积。在现阶段的研究中，我们确认研究地点过去曾出现过由成山过程造成的薄冰川，以及图瓦和蒙古境内第四纪火山的喷发。构造过程导致特斯克姆河（流经盆地北部山区边缘的主要水道）筑坝、堰塞湖的形成及其后的消退。位于盆地内阿格达格山脉的延伸原始沙丘，以前被认为是冰川沉积物，是堰塞湖下降的结果。

{"title":"Peculiarities of Paleogeography of the Ubsunur Basin in 2022","authors":"T. N. Prudnikova","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090153","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Studies of the paleogeographical properties of the Ubsunur Basin located on the territory of northwestern Mongolia and southern Tuva are based on the discovery of buried ice veins under Aeolian sediments in the region of Lake Khar-Nur in the eastern mountainous frame of the Great Lakes Basin of Western Mongolia. Satellite images have shown outlines of fields along the periphery of the sand deposits, the natural irrigation of which, in our opinion, was due to the melting of the abovementioned ice. Deposits similar to glacial ones have been found in the river valleys of the northern mountainous framing of the Ubsunur Basin, in its foothill part, suggesting the presence of Pleistocene glaciers extending into its flat plains. It is also assumed on this basis that, similarly to Lake Khar-Nur, the peculiar sandy massifs located in the basin could preserve relic zones of permafrost, the thawing of which contributed to the moistening of local landscapes. Such humidification zones have been seen on satellite images. There are no glacial deposits in this territory in geological legends. At this stage of research, we confirm the presence in the past of thin glaciers in the study site, caused by mountain-forming processes, and the eruption of Quaternary volcanoes on the territory of Tuva and Mongolia. Tectonic processes contributed to the damming of the Tes Khem River, the main waterway flowing along the northern mountain rim of the basin, the formation of dammed lakes, and their subsequent descent. Extended original sandy massifs located in the basin within the Agardag mountain range, previously considered fluvioglacial deposits, are a result of the descent of dammed lakes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139667166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forward and Backward Linkages between Land Surface Temperature and Leaf Area Index for the Summer in Belarus 白俄罗斯夏季地表温度与叶面积指数之间的前向和后向联系

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s000143382309013x

S. A. Lysenko

Abstract

On the basis of Earth remote sensing data for 2000–2020, quantitative estimates of the influence of vegetation cover degradation on the summer warming in Belarus have been obtained. The average leaf area index of Belarus for this period increased by 3.3%, mainly due to forest areas, the leaf index of which increased by about 8%. The growth of the leaf area index slowed down the summer warming of forest lands in the north (above 54° N) by about half and by more than a quarter in the south of Belarus. At the same time, the leaf area index of croplands decreased by about 5%, which caused their additional warming and amplified their land surface temperature daily cycle for the summer period. Statistically significant signs of bioclimatic land degradation have been found on the territory of Belarus with a total area of about 400 000 ha, which are enhanced by high values of positive feedback between temperature, vegetation cover, and soil moisture. About of 58% of the degrading lands are agricultural lands located mainly in the southern part of the country. On these lands, the summer temperature grows twice as fast as the average for Belarus, and the leaf index decreases at a rate of about 2% per year, which indicates the insufficiency of agriculture climate mitigation in certain regions of Belarus.

摘要根据 2000-2020 年的地球遥感数据，对植被退化对白俄罗斯夏季变暖的影响进行了定量估算。在此期间，白俄罗斯的平均叶面积指数增加了 3.3%，主要原因是林区的叶面积指数增加了约 8%。叶面积指数的增长使白俄罗斯北部（北纬 54°以上）林地的夏季升温速度减慢了约一半，南部则减慢了四分之一以上。与此同时，耕地的叶面积指数下降了约 5%，这导致了耕地的额外升温，并扩大了夏季地表温度的日周期。据统计，白俄罗斯境内总面积约 40 万公顷的生物气候土地出现了明显的退化迹象，温度、植被覆盖率和土壤湿度之间的正反馈值较高，加剧了这种退化。大约 58% 的退化土地是农田，主要位于白俄罗斯南部。在这些土地上，夏季气温的增长速度是白俄罗斯平均气温的两倍，叶片指数以每年约 2% 的速度下降，这表明白俄罗斯某些地区的农业气候缓解措施不足。

{"title":"Forward and Backward Linkages between Land Surface Temperature and Leaf Area Index for the Summer in Belarus","authors":"S. A. Lysenko","doi":"10.1134/s000143382309013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000143382309013x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>On the basis of Earth remote sensing data for 2000–2020, quantitative estimates of the influence of vegetation cover degradation on the summer warming in Belarus have been obtained. The average leaf area index of Belarus for this period increased by 3.3%, mainly due to forest areas, the leaf index of which increased by about 8%. The growth of the leaf area index slowed down the summer warming of forest lands in the north (above 54° N) by about half and by more than a quarter in the south of Belarus. At the same time, the leaf area index of croplands decreased by about 5%, which caused their additional warming and amplified their land surface temperature daily cycle for the summer period. Statistically significant signs of bioclimatic land degradation have been found on the territory of Belarus with a total area of about 400 000 ha, which are enhanced by high values of positive feedback between temperature, vegetation cover, and soil moisture. About of 58% of the degrading lands are agricultural lands located mainly in the southern part of the country. On these lands, the summer temperature grows twice as fast as the average for Belarus, and the leaf index decreases at a rate of about 2% per year, which indicates the insufficiency of agriculture climate mitigation in certain regions of Belarus.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139667529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Landsat-8 Satellite Data to Predict Ore Mineralization for the Northern Territories by the Example of the Central Part of the Maloural’skaya Zone (the Polar Urals) 利用大地遥感卫星-8 号卫星数据，以马卢拉斯卡亚区中部（极地乌拉尔）为例，预测北方领土的矿石成矿情况

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090098

J. N. Ivanova, I. O. Nafigin

Abstract

In the course of this study, an approach is developed focused on identifying probabilistic zones of increased fracturing (areas with a high density of lineaments), considered a predictive sign for the localization of ore mineralization in the central part of the Maloural’skaya zone (the Polar Urals). This area is promising for the detection of polymetallic-type ore occurrences (Fe, Cu, Cu-Zn, and Au-Cu). Predictive schemes for the distribution of highly permeable rock zones are constructed and promising areas for polymetallic mineralization are identified based on this approach, accounting for the geological information, the distribution of mineral resources, remote sensing data and the results of their processing, and the lineament density schemes. The remote sensing data processing is based on the identification of structures by manual and automatic methods and their integration based on fuzzy logic. Morphostructural maps obtained from the Landsat-8 spacecraft data show that ore occurrences of polymetallic specialization known in the area are located along the perimeter of a large morphostructure of the first order, as well as near radial structures up to 20 km in length in the NE and (less often) in the NW direction. As a result of a comparison of remote sensing data with the geological map of the study area and known ore occurrences, six promising zones are identified. The contoured areas show spatial consistency with several known polymetallic ore occurrences localized in the study area.

摘要在本研究过程中，开发了一种方法，重点是确定断裂增加的概率区（线状物密度高的区域），这被认为是马卢拉斯卡亚区（极地乌拉尔）中部矿化定位的预测标志。该地区有望发现多金属型矿点（铁、铜、铜锌和金铜）。根据地质信息、矿产资源分布、遥感数据及其处理结果以及线状密度方案，构建了高渗透岩石带分布预测方案，并以此为基础确定了有希望的多金属矿化区域。遥感数据处理的基础是通过人工和自动方法识别结构，并根据模糊逻辑进行整合。从 Landsat-8 号航天器数据获得的形态结构图显示，该地区已知的多金属专业矿点位于一阶大型形态结构的周边，以及东北和（较少）西北方向长达 20 公里的放射状结构附近。通过将遥感数据与研究区域的地质图和已知矿点进行比较，确定了六个有前景的区域。这些等高线区域与研究区内的几个已知多金属矿点在空间上是一致的。

{"title":"Using Landsat-8 Satellite Data to Predict Ore Mineralization for the Northern Territories by the Example of the Central Part of the Maloural’skaya Zone (the Polar Urals)","authors":"J. N. Ivanova, I. O. Nafigin","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090098","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In the course of this study, an approach is developed focused on identifying probabilistic zones of increased fracturing (areas with a high density of lineaments), considered a predictive sign for the localization of ore mineralization in the central part of the Maloural’skaya zone (the Polar Urals). This area is promising for the detection of polymetallic-type ore occurrences (Fe, Cu, Cu-Zn, and Au-Cu). Predictive schemes for the distribution of highly permeable rock zones are constructed and promising areas for polymetallic mineralization are identified based on this approach, accounting for the geological information, the distribution of mineral resources, remote sensing data and the results of their processing, and the lineament density schemes. The remote sensing data processing is based on the identification of structures by manual and automatic methods and their integration based on fuzzy logic. Morphostructural maps obtained from the Landsat-8 spacecraft data show that ore occurrences of polymetallic specialization known in the area are located along the perimeter of a large morphostructure of the first order, as well as near radial structures up to 20 km in length in the NE and (less often) in the NW direction. As a result of a comparison of remote sensing data with the geological map of the study area and known ore occurrences, six promising zones are identified. The contoured areas show spatial consistency with several known polymetallic ore occurrences localized in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139667738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a Model of the Morphological Pattern for Thermokarst Plains with Fluvial Erosion Involving Remote Sensing Data 利用遥感数据建立具有冲积侵蚀作用的热喀斯特平原形态模式模型

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090220

A. S. Victorov, V. N. Kapralova, T. V. Orlov

Abstract

This paper reports a new variant of the model of the morphological pattern for thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion involving numerous remote sensing data. This variant of the model takes into account different trends of the thermokarst processes for watershed plains and lowered bottoms of khasyreis (drained thermokarst lakes). The model is tested at eight key sites differing in physiography, climate, and geocryology. Testing is based on high-resolution remote sensing data. The model is verified with a statistical analysis of lake area distributions within both watershed plain surface and lowered bottoms of khasyreis, demonstrating a state of dynamic balance in the course of emergence, growth, and drainage of the thermokarst lakes. The analysis shows that the morphological pattern of the thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion changes evolutionarily, with a reduction in the area of the main watershed surface according to a dependence close to exponential; the specific type of the dependence results primarily from the ratio of the lake generation density and the location density of the fluvial sources.

摘要本文报告了一种新的热喀斯特平原形态模式变体，该变体涉及大量遥感数据和河道侵蚀。该模型的变体考虑到了分水岭平原和排水热卡湖（khasyreis）低底的热卡过程的不同趋势。该模型在 8 个主要地点进行了测试，这些地点的地貌、气候和地球岩石学各不相同。测试以高分辨率遥感数据为基础。该模型通过对流域平原表面和下沉的喀斯特湖底的湖泊面积分布进行统计分析得到了验证，证明了热喀斯特湖泊在出现、生长和排水过程中的动态平衡状态。分析表明，热卡斯特平原的形态模式随着河水侵蚀的演化而变化，主流域表面的面积按照接近指数的依存关系减少；依存关系的具体类型主要来自湖泊生成密度与河水源位置密度的比值。

{"title":"Developing a Model of the Morphological Pattern for Thermokarst Plains with Fluvial Erosion Involving Remote Sensing Data","authors":"A. S. Victorov, V. N. Kapralova, T. V. Orlov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090220","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This paper reports a new variant of the model of the morphological pattern for thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion involving numerous remote sensing data. This variant of the model takes into account different trends of the thermokarst processes for watershed plains and lowered bottoms of khasyreis (drained thermokarst lakes). The model is tested at eight key sites differing in physiography, climate, and geocryology. Testing is based on high-resolution remote sensing data. The model is verified with a statistical analysis of lake area distributions within both watershed plain surface and lowered bottoms of khasyreis, demonstrating a state of dynamic balance in the course of emergence, growth, and drainage of the thermokarst lakes. The analysis shows that the morphological pattern of the thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion changes evolutionarily, with a reduction in the area of the main watershed surface according to a dependence close to exponential; the specific type of the dependence results primarily from the ratio of the lake generation density and the location density of the fluvial sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dielectric Model of the Upper Organic Layer of Forest Soils for a Frequency of 435 MHz 频率为 435 兆赫的森林土壤上部有机层介电模型

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090104

A. Yu. Karavaiskii, Yu. I. Lukin

Abstract

A dielectric model based on the refractive dielectric model of the mixture of thawed and frozen forest organic soils in the root zone for a frequency of 435 MHz has been developed. The model is created on the basis of dielectric measurements of four soils whose organic matter content varies in the range from 15 to 31%. The dielectric measurements are carried out in the range of the gravimetric moisture from 0 to 0.6 g/g and temperature range from –30 to 25°C. The coefficient of determination (R²) between values calculated by the model and measured values of the real (ε') and imaginary (ε'') parts of complex dielectric permittivity is 0.97. The normalized root-mean-square error is 16 and 21% for the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric permittivity, respectively. This dielectric model may be applied in remote sensing algorithms when retrieving the value of forest soil moisture in the root zone from radar and radiometric data.

摘要根据根区解冻和冻结森林有机土壤混合物的折射介电模型，建立了频率为 435 MHz 的介电模型。该模型是在对有机质含量在 15% 到 31% 之间的四种土壤进行介电测量的基础上建立的。介电测量是在 0 至 0.6 克/克的重量水分和 -30 至 25 摄氏度的温度范围内进行的。模型计算值与复介电常数实部（ε'）和虚部（ε''）测量值之间的判定系数（R2）为 0.97。复介电常数的实部和虚部的归一化均方根误差分别为 16% 和 21%。该介电模型可用于遥感算法，从雷达和辐射测量数据中检索根区森林土壤湿度值。

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Suitability of Territories for Detailed Geological and Mineralogical Mapping Based on Statistical Methods for Processing Remote Sensing Data from the Landsat-8 Spacecraft: Using the Example of Southeastern Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia 基于处理 Landsat-8 号航天器遥感数据的统计方法评估领土是否适合进行详细的地质和矿物测绘：以俄罗斯后贝加尔边疆区东南部为例

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090141

I. O. Nafigin, V. T. Ishmuhametova, S. A. Ustinov, V. A. Minaev, V. A. Petrov

Abstract

This paper considers the suitability of using multispectral remote sensing data from the Landsat-8 satellite for conducting regional geological and mineralogical mapping of the territory of southeastern Zabaykalsky krai (Russia) under conditions of medium–low mountain relief and continental climate. To increase the spectral information content of Landsat-8 satellite data, statistical processing algorithms are used, including principal component analysis (PCA), minimum noise fraction (MNF), and independent component analysis (ICA). Statistical processing results are compared with the classes of geological materials: minerals of the oxide/hydroxide group containing transitional iron ions (Fe³⁺ and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺); a group of clay minerals containing Al-OH and Fe, Mg-OH; and minerals containing divalent iron ion (Fe²⁺) and vegetation cover. Pseudocolor RGB composites are generated and interpreted, reflecting the distribution and multiplication of classes of geological materials. To build a prospectivity scheme for the discovery of the minerals, the integration of informative thematic layers is carried out using a fuzzy logic model. The resulting scheme is compared with geological information, and positive conclusions are made about the suitability of territory for further remote studies on mapping hydrothermally altered zones and hypergenesis products in order to localize areas that are promising for revealing hydrothermal–metasomatic mineralization.

摘要本文研究了在中低山地地貌和大陆性气候条件下，利用大地遥感卫星-8 号的多光谱遥感数据对后贝加尔边疆区（俄罗斯）东南部领土进行区域地质和矿物测绘的适宜性。为了增加 Landsat-8 卫星数据的光谱信息量，使用了统计处理算法，包括主成分分析（PCA）、最小噪声分数（MNF）和独立成分分析（ICA）。统计处理结果与地质材料类别进行了比较：含过渡铁离子（Fe3+ 和 Fe3+/Fe2+）的氧化物/氢氧化物组矿物；含 Al-OH 和 Fe、Mg-OH 的粘土矿物组；含二价铁离子（Fe2+）的矿物和植被。生成并解释了伪彩色 RGB 合成物，反映了地质材料类别的分布和繁殖情况。为了建立发现矿产的远景方案，使用模糊逻辑模型对信息主题层进行了整合。将得出的方案与地质信息进行比较，并就领土是否适合进一步开展绘制热液蚀变带和超成因产物的远程研究做出积极结论，以确定有希望揭示热液-金属成矿作用的区域。

{"title":"Assessing the Suitability of Territories for Detailed Geological and Mineralogical Mapping Based on Statistical Methods for Processing Remote Sensing Data from the Landsat-8 Spacecraft: Using the Example of Southeastern Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia","authors":"I. O. Nafigin, V. T. Ishmuhametova, S. A. Ustinov, V. A. Minaev, V. A. Petrov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090141","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This paper considers the suitability of using multispectral remote sensing data from the Landsat-8 satellite for conducting regional geological and mineralogical mapping of the territory of southeastern Zabaykalsky krai (Russia) under conditions of medium–low mountain relief and continental climate. To increase the spectral information content of Landsat-8 satellite data, statistical processing algorithms are used, including principal component analysis (PCA), minimum noise fraction (MNF), and independent component analysis (ICA). Statistical processing results are compared with the classes of geological materials: minerals of the oxide/hydroxide group containing transitional iron ions (Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup>); a group of clay minerals containing Al-OH and Fe, Mg-OH; and minerals containing divalent iron ion (Fe<sup>2+</sup>) and vegetation cover. Pseudocolor RGB composites are generated and interpreted, reflecting the distribution and multiplication of classes of geological materials. To build a prospectivity scheme for the discovery of the minerals, the integration of informative thematic layers is carried out using a fuzzy logic model. The resulting scheme is compared with geological information, and positive conclusions are made about the suitability of territory for further remote studies on mapping hydrothermally altered zones and hypergenesis products in order to localize areas that are promising for revealing hydrothermal–metasomatic mineralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grassland Monitoring Based on Geobotanical, Ground, Spectrometric, and Satellite Data 基于地理植物学、地面、光谱和卫星数据的草原监测

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090050

I. Yu. Botvich, N. A. Kononova, D. V. Emelyanov, T. I. Pisman

Abstract

This study assesses the possibility of grassland monitoring based on various spectral vegetation indices (NDVI, ClGreen, NDRE, and NDMI) calculated according to Sentinel-2 satellite data during the 2018 growing season. Geobotanical studies and the collection of ground-based spectrophotometry data were carried out simultaneously, at the same time of day, and were used as an additional stage of monitoring haymaking. It was possible to identify grasslands and determine the date of mowing based on ground and satellite spectrometric data. A drop in the indices (NDVI, clGreen, NDRE, and NDMI) was observed on the date of mowing (July 25, 2018). The possibility of grassland interpretation based on the NDVI index was proven reliable. It was shown that the dates of mowing, determined according to satellite data, were in good agreement with the ground dates of mowing (July 25 and August 27). The spatial distribution maps of the NDVI index of grasslands according to Sentinel-2 satellite data for certain dates (June 18, July 10, and August 27) were drawn. The resulting maps make it possible to identify grasslands and mowing dates in large areas.

摘要本研究评估了在 2018 年生长季节根据哨兵-2 号卫星数据计算的各种光谱植被指数（NDVI、ClGreen、NDRE 和 NDMI）进行草原监测的可能性。地理植物学研究和地面分光光度计数据收集在一天中的同一时间同时进行，并被用作监测干草种植的附加阶段。根据地面和卫星分光光度数据，可以识别草地并确定割草日期。在刈割日期（2018 年 7 月 25 日）观察到指数（NDVI、clGreen、NDRE 和 NDMI）下降。根据 NDVI 指数解释草原的可能性被证明是可靠的。结果表明，根据卫星数据确定的割草日期与地面割草日期（7 月 25 日和 8 月 27 日）十分吻合。根据哨兵-2 卫星数据绘制了特定日期（6 月 18 日、7 月 10 日和 8 月 27 日）的草地 NDVI 指数空间分布图。由此绘制的地图可以确定大面积草地和割草日期。

{"title":"Grassland Monitoring Based on Geobotanical, Ground, Spectrometric, and Satellite Data","authors":"I. Yu. Botvich, N. A. Kononova, D. V. Emelyanov, T. I. Pisman","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090050","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study assesses the possibility of grassland monitoring based on various spectral vegetation indices (NDVI, ClGreen, NDRE, and NDMI) calculated according to Sentinel-2 satellite data during the 2018 growing season. Geobotanical studies and the collection of ground-based spectrophotometry data were carried out simultaneously, at the same time of day, and were used as an additional stage of monitoring haymaking. It was possible to identify grasslands and determine the date of mowing based on ground and satellite spectrometric data. A drop in the indices (NDVI, clGreen, NDRE, and NDMI) was observed on the date of mowing (July 25, 2018). The possibility of grassland interpretation based on the NDVI index was proven reliable. It was shown that the dates of mowing, determined according to satellite data, were in good agreement with the ground dates of mowing (July 25 and August 27). The spatial distribution maps of the NDVI index of grasslands according to Sentinel-2 satellite data for certain dates (June 18, July 10, and August 27) were drawn. The resulting maps make it possible to identify grasslands and mowing dates in large areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Satellite Registration of Anomalies of Various Geophysical Fields during the Preparation of Destructive Earthquakes in Turkey in February 2023 卫星记录 2023 年 2 月土耳其破坏性地震准备期间各种地球物理场的异常情况

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090049

V. G. Bondur, M. N. Tsidilina, E. V. Gaponova, O. S. Voronova, M. V. Gaponova, N. V. Feoktistova, A. L. Zima

Abstract

Studies of variations in the parameters of various geophysical fields during the preparation of destructive earthquakes that occurred in Turkey in February 2023 with magnitudes of 6 ≤ M ≤ 7.8 are carried out using satellite data. It has been found that anomalies of these parameters manifested themselves from 34 to 25 days before the earthquakes as a sharp decrease in the values of relative humidity (RHS) and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), as well as in an increase in the density of local lineaments. An increase in the surface skin temperature (SST), surface air temperature (SAT), RHS, and OLR, as well as in the values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and ionospheric total electron content (TEC), was revealed 19–9 days before the analyzed seismic events. In the period from 5 to 2 days before these earthquakes, a decrease in the SST, SAT, the flux of OLR, and the ionospheric TEC, as well as an increase in RHS and in the length of the secants of the rose diagrams of regional lineaments, were recorded. Quantitative characteristics of these anomalies are determined.

摘要利用卫星数据对 2023 年 2 月在土耳其发生的震级为 6 ≤ M ≤ 7.8 的破坏性地震准备期间各地球物理场参数的变化进行了研究。研究发现，这些参数的异常在地震发生前 34 至 25 天表现为相对湿度（RHS）和外向长波辐射（OLR）值的急剧下降，以及局部线状体密度的增加。在分析的地震事件发生前 19-9 天，地表表皮温度（SST）、地表气温（SAT）、相对湿度（RHS）和外向长波辐射（OLR）以及气溶胶光学深度（AOD）和电离层电子总含量（TEC）的值都有所增加。在这些地震发生前 5 天至 2 天期间，记录到 SST、SAT、OLR 通量和电离层 TEC 下降，RHS 和区域线状玫瑰图的正割长度增加。确定了这些异常现象的定量特征。

{"title":"Satellite Registration of Anomalies of Various Geophysical Fields during the Preparation of Destructive Earthquakes in Turkey in February 2023","authors":"V. G. Bondur, M. N. Tsidilina, E. V. Gaponova, O. S. Voronova, M. V. Gaponova, N. V. Feoktistova, A. L. Zima","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823090049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823090049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Studies of variations in the parameters of various geophysical fields during the preparation of destructive earthquakes that occurred in Turkey in February 2023 with magnitudes of 6 ≤ M ≤ 7.8 are carried out using satellite data. It has been found that anomalies of these parameters manifested themselves from 34 to 25 days before the earthquakes as a sharp decrease in the values of relative humidity (RHS) and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), as well as in an increase in the density of local lineaments. An increase in the surface skin temperature (SST), surface air temperature (SAT), RHS, and OLR, as well as in the values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and ionospheric total electron content (TEC), was revealed 19–9 days before the analyzed seismic events. In the period from 5 to 2 days before these earthquakes, a decrease in the SST, SAT, the flux of OLR, and the ionospheric TEC, as well as an increase in RHS and in the length of the secants of the rose diagrams of regional lineaments, were recorded. Quantitative characteristics of these anomalies are determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139667532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possibilities of Determining Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Mixed Forest Stands Using Sentinel-1 Imagery 利用哨兵-1 图像确定混交林林分数量和质量特征的可能性

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823090190

V. M. Sidorenkov, V. N. Kositsyn, L. A. Badak, D. O. Astapov, I. S. Achikolova

Abstract

This paper presents studies on using Sentinel-1 imagery data to determine the attributes of mixed forest stands. The fieldwork is carried out in Kostroma, Vologda, and Arkhangelsk oblasts and the Udmurt Republic. The study reveals that quantitative and qualitative forest characteristics correlate with radar survey parameters; the value of this correlation is identified. The results make it possible to zone a study area according to the standing volume and forest density.

摘要本文介绍了利用哨兵-1 图像数据确定混交林林分属性的研究。实地工作在科斯特罗马州、沃洛格达州、阿尔汉格尔斯克州和乌德穆尔特共和国进行。研究表明，森林的定量和定性特征与雷达勘测参数相关，并确定了这种相关性的价值。研究结果使得根据活立木蓄积量和森林密度划分研究区域成为可能。

引用次数: 0

Physical Foundations of Recent Geodynamics 近代地球动力学的物理基础

IF 0.7 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823080078

Yu. O. Kuzmin

Abstract

The physical (phenomenological) foundations of recent geodynamics are considered. The definitions of geodynamics and recent geodynamics are substantiated based on ideas about the primacy of movements in the event of strains. The main tasks of the study are formulated, as are the scheme of formation of the recent geodynamic state of the subsoil. The issues of identifying the movements of the Earth’s surface are discussed and a formula is proposed for estimating the relative bending strain. It is shown that the observed strains of the Earthʼs surface, obtained by geodetic (satellite and ground) methods, are relative in nature and depend on the specific kinematic scheme of motion of individual elements (blocks) of the medium. The results of long-term repeated geodetic observations of recent vertical and horizontal movements of the Earthʼs surface in seismically active (Kopetdag, Kamchatka) and aseismic, platform regions (Pripyat depression) are presented. It is shown that the average annual rate of regional relative strains varies in the range from 10^–8 to 10^–9 year^–1. Zonal and local strains vary in the range from 10^–4 to 10^–6 year^–1. The “paradoxes” of large and small strains in recent geodynamics are formulated and their explanation is given on the basis of the equations of hereditary mechanics of solids and ideas about the parametric induction of strain processes in fault zones by small natural and technogenic impacts.

摘要研究了近代地球动力学的物理（现象学）基础。根据在应变情况下运动至上的观点，对地球动力学和近代地球动力学的定义进行了论证。制定了研究的主要任务，以及底土近期地球动力学状态的形成方案。讨论了确定地球表面运动的问题，并提出了估算相对弯曲应变的公式。研究表明，通过大地测量（卫星和地面）方法获得的地球表面观测应变是相对的，取决于介质中各个元素（块）的具体运动方案。本文介绍了在地震活跃地区（堪察加半岛的科佩特达格）和无地震平台地区（普里皮亚季洼地）对近期地球表面垂直和水平运动进行长期重复大地测量观测的结果。结果表明，区域相对应变的年平均速率在 10-8 至 10-9 年-1 之间变化。区域和局部应变的变化范围为 10-4 至 10-6 年-1。提出了近期地球动力学中大应变和小应变的 "悖论"，并根据固体遗传力学方程和关于小的自然和技术影响对断层带应变过程的参数诱导的观点，对这些 "悖论 "做出了解释。

{"title":"Physical Foundations of Recent Geodynamics","authors":"Yu. O. Kuzmin","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823080078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823080078","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The physical (phenomenological) foundations of recent geodynamics are considered. The definitions of geodynamics and recent geodynamics are substantiated based on ideas about the primacy of movements in the event of strains. The main tasks of the study are formulated, as are the scheme of formation of the recent geodynamic state of the subsoil. The issues of identifying the movements of the Earth’s surface are discussed and a formula is proposed for estimating the relative bending strain. It is shown that the observed strains of the Earthʼs surface, obtained by geodetic (satellite and ground) methods, are relative in nature and depend on the specific kinematic scheme of motion of individual elements (blocks) of the medium. The results of long-term repeated geodetic observations of recent vertical and horizontal movements of the Earthʼs surface in seismically active (Kopetdag, Kamchatka) and aseismic, platform regions (Pripyat depression) are presented. It is shown that the average annual rate of regional relative strains varies in the range from 10<sup>–8</sup> to 10<sup>–9</sup> year<sup>–1</sup>. Zonal and local strains vary in the range from 10<sup>–4</sup> to 10<sup>–6</sup> year<sup>–1</sup>. The “paradoxes” of large and small strains in recent geodynamics are formulated and their explanation is given on the basis of the equations of hereditary mechanics of solids and ideas about the parametric induction of strain processes in fault zones by small natural and technogenic impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139481362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0