Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700142
S. N. Denisov, A. V. Eliseev, I. I. Mokhov
Abstract
The natural fluxes of CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere from the territory of Russia in the 21st century have been analyzed using the results of simulations with the ensemble of global climate models of the international CMIP6 project. Estimates of natural CO2 fluxes in Russian regions differ greatly for different models. Their values for the beginning of the 21st century range from –1 to 1 GtC/year. In the 21st century, the differences in model estimates of fluxes are growing, and, at the end of the 21st century, in the scenario with the largest anthropogenic impacts, SSP5-8.5 range from –2.5 to 2.5 GtC/year. Estimates of natural methane emissions to the atmosphere from the territory of Russia also differ greatly for different models. Modern methane emissions are estimated in the range from 10 to 35 MtCH4/year, with an increase in the 21st century of up to 300%. Ensemble model simulations show general trends for changes in natural greenhouse gas fluxes. Most CMIP6 models are characterized by a maximum of CO2 uptake by terrestrial ecosystems and its further reduction by the end of the 21st century, while natural methane emissions to the atmosphere for all models and scenarios of anthropogenic impacts grow throughout the 21st century. The cumulative temperature potential of natural CO2 fluxes on the territory of Russia in the 21st century is estimated, depending on the scenario of anthropogenic impacts, to be from –0.3 to 0.1 K, and the accelerating warming impact of natural CH4 emissions is estimated in the range of 0.03–0.09 K.
{"title":"Natural Sinks and Sources of CO2 and CH4 in the Atmosphere of Russian Regions and Their Contribution to Climate Change in the 21st Century Evaluated with the CMIP6 Model Ensemble","authors":"S. N. Denisov, A. V. Eliseev, I. I. Mokhov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700142","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The natural fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> into the atmosphere from the territory of Russia in the 21st century have been analyzed using the results of simulations with the ensemble of global climate models of the international CMIP6 project. Estimates of natural CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in Russian regions differ greatly for different models. Their values for the beginning of the 21st century range from –1 to 1 GtC/year. In the 21st century, the differences in model estimates of fluxes are growing, and, at the end of the 21st century, in the scenario with the largest anthropogenic impacts, SSP5-8.5 range from –2.5 to 2.5 GtC/year. Estimates of natural methane emissions to the atmosphere from the territory of Russia also differ greatly for different models. Modern methane emissions are estimated in the range from 10 to 35 MtCH<sub>4</sub>/year, with an increase in the 21st century of up to 300%. Ensemble model simulations show general trends for changes in natural greenhouse gas fluxes. Most CMIP6 models are characterized by a maximum of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by terrestrial ecosystems and its further reduction by the end of the 21st century, while natural methane emissions to the atmosphere for all models and scenarios of anthropogenic impacts grow throughout the 21st century. The cumulative temperature potential of natural CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes on the territory of Russia in the 21st century is estimated, depending on the scenario of anthropogenic impacts, to be from –0.3 to 0.1 K, and the accelerating warming impact of natural CH<sub>4</sub> emissions is estimated in the range of 0.03–0.09 K.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141524497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1134/s000143382470018x
A. I. Medvedev, A. V. Eliseev, I. I. Mokhov
Abstract
Based on simulations with an ensemble of CMIP6 (Coupled Models Intercomparison Project, phase 6) climate models using Bayesian averaging, an analysis of changes in the runoff of a number of Russian rivers—the Volga, Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Amur, and Selenga—has been carried out this century. Bayesian weights take into account the skill of runoff reproduction by models (long-term average runoff, linear runoff trend over a time interval with available runoff observations, and interannual and interdecadal variability). The skill of reproduction of runoff characteristics by individual CMIP6 ensemble models varies most widely for long-term average runoff; runoff trend; and, to a lesser extent, interannual variability. In the 21st century, the ensemble average runoff increases for most of the analyzed rivers, with the exception of the Volga. This increase is more pronounced in scenarios with large anthropogenic impacts. It is especially significant for the SSP5-8.5 scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, 14 5-8.5), in which the trend of increase in runoff in 2015–2100 relative to its modern long-term average value is (10 ± 4)% for the Ob, (16 ± 3)% for the Yenisei, (39 ± 7)% for the Lena, (36 ± 7)% for the Amur, and (18 ± 6)% for the Selenga. The main reason for changes in ensemble average runoff in the 21st century in models under all SSP scenarios is the changes in precipitation. Accounting for differences in model skill when reproducing river runoff on average for 2015–2100 reduces intermodel deviations relative to the corresponding values when uniformly weighting the model calculation results by 6–26%, depending on the SSP scenario and river catchment.
{"title":"Bayesian Estimates of Changes in Russian River Runoff in the 21st Century Based on the CMIP6 Ensemble Model Simulations","authors":"A. I. Medvedev, A. V. Eliseev, I. I. Mokhov","doi":"10.1134/s000143382470018x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000143382470018x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Based on simulations with an ensemble of CMIP6 (Coupled Models Intercomparison Project, phase 6) climate models using Bayesian averaging, an analysis of changes in the runoff of a number of Russian rivers—the Volga, Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Amur, and Selenga—has been carried out this century. Bayesian weights take into account the skill of runoff reproduction by models (long-term average runoff, linear runoff trend over a time interval with available runoff observations, and interannual and interdecadal variability). The skill of reproduction of runoff characteristics by individual CMIP6 ensemble models varies most widely for long-term average runoff; runoff trend; and, to a lesser extent, interannual variability. In the 21st century, the ensemble average runoff increases for most of the analyzed rivers, with the exception of the Volga. This increase is more pronounced in scenarios with large anthropogenic impacts. It is especially significant for the SSP5-8.5 scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, 14 5-8.5), in which the trend of increase in runoff in 2015–2100 relative to its modern long-term average value is (10 ± 4)% for the Ob, (16 ± 3)% for the Yenisei, (39 ± 7)% for the Lena, (36 ± 7)% for the Amur, and (18 ± 6)% for the Selenga. The main reason for changes in ensemble average runoff in the 21st century in models under all SSP scenarios is the changes in precipitation. Accounting for differences in model skill when reproducing river runoff on average for 2015–2100 reduces intermodel deviations relative to the corresponding values when uniformly weighting the model calculation results by 6–26%, depending on the SSP scenario and river catchment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141524496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700038
A. N. Vulfson, P. V. Nikolaev
Abstract
An approximation of the turbulent moments of the atmospheric convective layer is based on a variant of the local similarity theory using the concepts of the semiempirical theory of Prandtl turbulence. In the proposed variant of the local similarity theory, the second moment of vertical velocity and the “spectral” Prandtl mixing length are used as basic parameters. This approach allows us to extend Prandtl’s theory to turbulent moments of vertical velocity and buoyancy and additionally offer more than ten new approximations. A comparison of the proposed approximation with other variants of the theory of local similarity is considered. It is shown that the selected basic parameters significantly improve the agreement between the local similarity approximations and experimental data. The approximations are consistent with observations in the turbulent convective layer of the atmosphere, the upper boundary of which nearly corresponds to the lower boundary of the temperature inversion. Analytical approximations of local similarity can find applications in the construction of high-order moment closures in the vortex of resolving numerical turbulence models, as well as in the construction of “mass-flux” parametrization.
{"title":"Variant of the Local Similarity Theory and Approximations of Vertical Profiles of Turbulent Moments of the Atmospheric Convective Boundary Layer","authors":"A. N. Vulfson, P. V. Nikolaev","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700038","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An approximation of the turbulent moments of the atmospheric convective layer is based on a variant of the local similarity theory using the concepts of the semiempirical theory of Prandtl turbulence. In the proposed variant of the local similarity theory, the second moment of vertical velocity and the “spectral” Prandtl mixing length are used as basic parameters. This approach allows us to extend Prandtl’s theory to turbulent moments of vertical velocity and buoyancy and additionally offer more than ten new approximations. A comparison of the proposed approximation with other variants of the theory of local similarity is considered. It is shown that the selected basic parameters significantly improve the agreement between the local similarity approximations and experimental data. The approximations are consistent with observations in the turbulent convective layer of the atmosphere, the upper boundary of which nearly corresponds to the lower boundary of the temperature inversion. Analytical approximations of local similarity can find applications in the construction of high-order moment closures in the vortex of resolving numerical turbulence models, as well as in the construction of “mass-flux” parametrization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700087
A. A. Ochirov, Yu. D. Chashechkin
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the properties of two-dimensional infinitesimal periodic perturbations propagating over the incompressible fluid surface in various representations of the medium density profiles is carried out. Viscous or ideal liquids stratified and homogeneous in density are considered. Calculations are carried out by methods of the theory of singular perturbations. Dispersion relations and dependences of phase and group velocities for surface waves in physically observed variables are given. The change in the meaning of dispersion relations during the transition from ideal liquids to viscous and from homogeneous to stratified is shown. Taking into account the influence of electric charge does not qualitatively change the nature of two-dimensional dispersion relations. An increase in the surface density of the electric charge leads to a decrease in the wavelength at a fixed frequency and has no noticeable effect on the fine structure of the periodic flow.
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Surface Periodic Flows of an Incompressible Fluid in Various Models of the Medium","authors":"A. A. Ochirov, Yu. D. Chashechkin","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700087","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A comparative analysis of the properties of two-dimensional infinitesimal periodic perturbations propagating over the incompressible fluid surface in various representations of the medium density profiles is carried out. Viscous or ideal liquids stratified and homogeneous in density are considered. Calculations are carried out by methods of the theory of singular perturbations. Dispersion relations and dependences of phase and group velocities for surface waves in physically observed variables are given. The change in the meaning of dispersion relations during the transition from ideal liquids to viscous and from homogeneous to stratified is shown. Taking into account the influence of electric charge does not qualitatively change the nature of two-dimensional dispersion relations. An increase in the surface density of the electric charge leads to a decrease in the wavelength at a fixed frequency and has no noticeable effect on the fine structure of the periodic flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700051
M. Yu. Kulikov, M. V. Belikovich, A. G. Chubarov, S. O. Dementyeva, A. M. Feigin
Abstract
The database of the SABER/TIMED satellite campaign includes the reconstruction results of nighttime distributions of O, H, and some other characteristics at heights of the mesosphere–lower thermosphere from measurements of volume emission rate ofOH* profiles near 2 μm, temperature, and ozone. The retrieval procedure is based on the chemical equilibrium approximation of nighttime ozone and a model of two excited OH states (ν = 9.8) forming the indicated radiation. In this work, a modernized model of these levels with the corrected constants corresponding to published data is used to retrieve O, H, OH, HO2, and the chemical heating rate at altitudes of 80–100 km according to SABER/TIMED measurements in 2002–2021. It is found that the new parameters of the retrieval procedure lead to significant (up to 2 times or more) changes in the spatial distributions of O, H, and chemical heating rate, but only a slight change in OH and HO2 distributions.
{"title":"Retrieval of Nighttime Distributions of Mesosphere–Lower Thermosphere Characteristics from Satellite Data","authors":"M. Yu. Kulikov, M. V. Belikovich, A. G. Chubarov, S. O. Dementyeva, A. M. Feigin","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700051","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The database of the SABER/TIMED satellite campaign includes the reconstruction results of nighttime distributions of O, H, and some other characteristics at heights of the mesosphere–lower thermosphere from measurements of volume emission rate ofOH* profiles near 2 μm, temperature, and ozone. The retrieval procedure is based on the chemical equilibrium approximation of nighttime ozone and a model of two excited OH states (ν = 9.8) forming the indicated radiation. In this work, a modernized model of these levels with the corrected constants corresponding to published data is used to retrieve O, H, OH, HO<sub>2</sub>, and the chemical heating rate at altitudes of 80–100 km according to SABER/TIMED measurements in 2002–2021. It is found that the new parameters of the retrieval procedure lead to significant (up to 2 times or more) changes in the spatial distributions of O, H, and chemical heating rate, but only a slight change in OH and HO<sub>2</sub> distributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700026
M. G. Akperov, I. I. Mokhov
Abstract
We have obtained quantitative estimates of the spatial and seasonal features of the characteristics of anticyclones in the atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and their changes in recent decades using ERA5 reanalysis data (1979–2021). A high correlation between the interannual variations of the mean seasonal occurence of anticyclones and near-surface temperature over extensive regions in the extratropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere is noted. According to the estimates, up to 60% of the interannual variance of near-surface temperature in winter and summer is associated with variations in the mean seasonal occurence of anticyclones and up to 50% with variations of intense winter and summer anticyclones.
{"title":"Variability of the Atmospheric Anticyclones and Their Connection with Surface Temperature Variations in Extratropical Latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in Recent Decades","authors":"M. G. Akperov, I. I. Mokhov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700026","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We have obtained quantitative estimates of the spatial and seasonal features of the characteristics of anticyclones in the atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and their changes in recent decades using ERA5 reanalysis data (1979–2021). A high correlation between the interannual variations of the mean seasonal occurence of anticyclones and near-surface temperature over extensive regions in the extratropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere is noted. According to the estimates, up to 60% of the interannual variance of near-surface temperature in winter and summer is associated with variations in the mean seasonal occurence of anticyclones and up to 50% with variations of intense winter and summer anticyclones.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700099
S. A. Riabova
Abstract
The main multifractal properties of time series of mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperatures are analyzed using multifractal fluctuation analysis. We used the results of instrumental temperature observations made at the Zugspitze meteorological station in the period from August 1, 1900, to January 31, 2023. In general, variations in the mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperatures demonstrate multifractal behavior, especially for small time scales, up to about 90 days. An analysis of the generalized Hurst exponent found that the considered time series have a long-term positive correlation and that the multifractality is weaker with large fluctuations. The singularity spectrum for all time series is truncated to the left, which means that the time series have a multifractal structure that is insensitive to local fluctuations of large values.
{"title":"Investigation into Temperature Multifractrality According to Zugspitze Weather Station Data","authors":"S. A. Riabova","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700099","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The main multifractal properties of time series of mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperatures are analyzed using multifractal fluctuation analysis. We used the results of instrumental temperature observations made at the Zugspitze meteorological station in the period from August 1, 1900, to January 31, 2023. In general, variations in the mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperatures demonstrate multifractal behavior, especially for small time scales, up to about 90 days. An analysis of the generalized Hurst exponent found that the considered time series have a long-term positive correlation and that the multifractality is weaker with large fluctuations. The singularity spectrum for all time series is truncated to the left, which means that the time series have a multifractal structure that is insensitive to local fluctuations of large values.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s000143382470004x
A. G. Grankov, E. P. Novichikhin, N. K. Shelobanova
Abstract
Some possibilities of using microwave radiometric measurements from the EOS Aqua and GCOM-W1 satellites to study the influence of tropical waves in the Atlantic on cyclogenesis processes in the Gulf of Mexico by monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of water vapor fields in the gulf are illustrated. Examples of the use of satellite images of atmospheric humidity fields obtained from DMSP and EOS Aqua satellites are given to demonstrate the processes of transformation of tropical waves into Atlantic hurricanes Bonnie (1998), Frances (2004), and Ivan (2004).
摘要说明了通过监测墨西哥湾水汽场的空间和时间变化，利用 EOS Aqua 和 GCOM-W1 卫星的微波辐射测量来研究大西洋热带波对墨西哥湾气旋生成过程的影响的一些可能性。举例说明了如何利用从 DMSP 和 EOS Aqua 卫星获得的大气湿度场卫星图像来展示热带波转变为大西洋飓风 Bonnie（1998 年）、Frances（2004 年）和 Ivan（2004 年）的过程。
{"title":"Applying Satellite Microwave Radiometric Methods to Analyze the Relationship of Tropical Cyclogenesis with Water Vapor Transport in the Atlantic","authors":"A. G. Grankov, E. P. Novichikhin, N. K. Shelobanova","doi":"10.1134/s000143382470004x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000143382470004x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Some possibilities of using microwave radiometric measurements from the EOS Aqua and GCOM-W1 satellites to study the influence of tropical waves in the Atlantic on cyclogenesis processes in the Gulf of Mexico by monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of water vapor fields in the gulf are illustrated. Examples of the use of satellite images of atmospheric humidity fields obtained from DMSP and EOS Aqua satellites are given to demonstrate the processes of transformation of tropical waves into Atlantic hurricanes Bonnie (1998), Frances (2004), and Ivan (2004).</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700014
T. R. Amanbaev
Abstract
A mathematical model is constructed for the dynamics of a raindrop moving in a gravity field through an atmosphere containing fine particles, taking into account the processes of relaxation of its velocity and the capture of fine particles. It has been established that the equation of motion of a drop in the problem being posed belongs to the class of singularly perturbed equations, for the integration of which it is necessary to involve special algorithms. In the limiting modes of droplet motion, analytical solutions of the problem are obtained that describe the dependence of the droplet velocity and coordinate on time. In the complete formulation, the solutions of the problem are obtained numerically for different values of the defining parameters. The influence of the droplet size on the parameters of its motion in a concentrated aerodispersed mixture has been studied. The dependences of the limiting volume fraction of the solid component in the composition of the drop and the intensity of the precipitation of particles (washed out by the drop) on the earth’s surface on the size of the drop are obtained. A comparison of the calculated, approximate–analytical and experimental dependences of the steady-state rate of fall of a drop on its size has been carried out, and it shows their good agreement.
{"title":"Rain Drop Motion in an Atmosphere Containing Aerosols Particles","authors":"T. R. Amanbaev","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700014","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A mathematical model is constructed for the dynamics of a raindrop moving in a gravity field through an atmosphere containing fine particles, taking into account the processes of relaxation of its velocity and the capture of fine particles. It has been established that the equation of motion of a drop in the problem being posed belongs to the class of singularly perturbed equations, for the integration of which it is necessary to involve special algorithms. In the limiting modes of droplet motion, analytical solutions of the problem are obtained that describe the dependence of the droplet velocity and coordinate on time. In the complete formulation, the solutions of the problem are obtained numerically for different values of the defining parameters. The influence of the droplet size on the parameters of its motion in a concentrated aerodispersed mixture has been studied. The dependences of the limiting volume fraction of the solid component in the composition of the drop and the intensity of the precipitation of particles (washed out by the drop) on the earth’s surface on the size of the drop are obtained. A comparison of the calculated, approximate–analytical and experimental dependences of the steady-state rate of fall of a drop on its size has been carried out, and it shows their good agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1134/s0001433824700075
R. V. Zhuravlev, E. A. Miller, A. K. Knyazev, N. A. Baranov, E. A. Lezina, A. V. Troitskii
Abstract
In this work, the optimal parametrization of a mesoscale meteorological model is sought based on a comparative analysis of model forecasts and measurement results on temperature inversions in the planetary boundary layer of the atmosphere of the Moscow megapolis. The WRF–ARW model was tested with several different combinations of physical parameterizations to assess the prediction quality for temperature inversion parameter over Moscow. The dynamic and statistical characteristics of temperature inversions have been calculated and analyzed in selecting criteria for the comparisons. The terms of temperature inversion destruction are estimated depending on the inversion type. The measurement results on temperature profiles in the layer of up to 1 km obtained by an MTP-5 passive microwave profiler from 2018 to 2021 served as the data source. One MTP-5 in the north of Moscow was used to tune the model parameters, and another one on the east of Moscow was used for validation. The comparison results show that the model can be optimally tuned using a set of several parameterization variants.
{"title":"Results of Tuned Parameterizations of a Weather Forecast Numerical Model by Measured Characteristics of Temperature Inversions in the Planetary Boundary Layer of the Moscow Megapolis","authors":"R. V. Zhuravlev, E. A. Miller, A. K. Knyazev, N. A. Baranov, E. A. Lezina, A. V. Troitskii","doi":"10.1134/s0001433824700075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433824700075","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this work, the optimal parametrization of a mesoscale meteorological model is sought based on a comparative analysis of model forecasts and measurement results on temperature inversions in the planetary boundary layer of the atmosphere of the Moscow megapolis. The WRF–ARW model was tested with several different combinations of physical parameterizations to assess the prediction quality for temperature inversion parameter over Moscow. The dynamic and statistical characteristics of temperature inversions have been calculated and analyzed in selecting criteria for the comparisons. The terms of temperature inversion destruction are estimated depending on the inversion type. The measurement results on temperature profiles in the layer of up to 1 km obtained by an MTP-5 passive microwave profiler from 2018 to 2021 served as the data source. One MTP-5 in the north of Moscow was used to tune the model parameters, and another one on the east of Moscow was used for validation. The comparison results show that the model can be optimally tuned using a set of several parameterization variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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