Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823080030
A. N. Kotov, A. O. Agibalov, A. A. Sentsov
Abstract
The rapid development of industrial activity leads steadily to an increase in the influence of various factors that have a negative impact on the environment. One of them is a high level of technogenic low-frequency seismoacoustic pollution of settlements. This paper presents the results of in situ measurements of microseismic and acoustic noise in various frequency ranges in conditions of dense urban development using the example of the settlement of Mosrentgen. As a result of processing the primary data, we have obtained averaged values normalized to the reference station, compared the values of microseismic and acoustic noise, and localized areas of increased noise pollution. The features of the spatiotemporal distribution of microseismic and acoustic noise in the area of Mosrentgen are given. It is shown that the Moscow Ring Road and the metro station under construction are sources of low-frequency noise pollution. At the same time, it is recorded that the maximum permissible values of vibration and acoustic background up to 28 dB are exceeded.
{"title":"Low-Frequency Noise Pollution in the Northeastern Part of Mosrentgen (Moscow)","authors":"A. N. Kotov, A. O. Agibalov, A. A. Sentsov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823080030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823080030","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The rapid development of industrial activity leads steadily to an increase in the influence of various factors that have a negative impact on the environment. One of them is a high level of technogenic low-frequency seismoacoustic pollution of settlements. This paper presents the results of in situ measurements of microseismic and acoustic noise in various frequency ranges in conditions of dense urban development using the example of the settlement of Mosrentgen. As a result of processing the primary data, we have obtained averaged values normalized to the reference station, compared the values of microseismic and acoustic noise, and localized areas of increased noise pollution. The features of the spatiotemporal distribution of microseismic and acoustic noise in the area of Mosrentgen are given. It is shown that the Moscow Ring Road and the metro station under construction are sources of low-frequency noise pollution. At the same time, it is recorded that the maximum permissible values of vibration and acoustic background up to 28 dB are exceeded.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139481464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823080017
A. A. Feyzullayev
Abstract
This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the isotopic–geochemical composition of gases from igneous/hydrothermal and sedimentary volcanic systems in various regions of the world based on a large amount of literature data and the results of the author’s own research. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the nature of gases of various volcanic systems using known genetic criteria developed as a result of many years of research by a number of scientists from around the world. Data processing for the purpose of comparative analysis and corresponding graphical constructions have been performed using standard computer programs. A comprehensive analysis of the isotopic composition of carbon-rich gases and the isotopic ratio of helium (R/Ra) allows us to draw the following main conclusions: (1) hydrocarbon (HC) gases of the studied volcanic systems have different genetic sources: (a) abiogenic in igneous and carbonic sedimentary volcanic systems, (b) predominantly abiogenic–biogenic in the hydrothermal system, and (c) biogenic (thermogenic–microbial) in sedimentary volcanoes; (2) the content of abiogenic methane in the magmatic/hydrothermal system is insignificant and does not exceed 1%; (3) the isotope composition of CO2 and the ratio of isotopes of radiogenic and air argon (40Ar/36Ar) in igneous volcanoes varies within very narrow limits when compared with sedimentary volcanoes. However, the use of these parameters as an unambiguous genetic criterion is not possible.
{"title":"Isotope Composition of Gases of Magmatic and Sedimentary Volcanic Systems: A Review and Comparative Analysis","authors":"A. A. Feyzullayev","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823080017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823080017","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the isotopic–geochemical composition of gases from igneous/hydrothermal and sedimentary volcanic systems in various regions of the world based on a large amount of literature data and the results of the author’s own research. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the nature of gases of various volcanic systems using known genetic criteria developed as a result of many years of research by a number of scientists from around the world. Data processing for the purpose of comparative analysis and corresponding graphical constructions have been performed using standard computer programs. A comprehensive analysis of the isotopic composition of carbon-rich gases and the isotopic ratio of helium (R/Ra) allows us to draw the following main conclusions: (1) hydrocarbon (HC) gases of the studied volcanic systems have different genetic sources: (a) abiogenic in igneous and carbonic sedimentary volcanic systems, (b) predominantly abiogenic–biogenic in the hydrothermal system, and (c) biogenic (thermogenic–microbial) in sedimentary volcanoes; (2) the content of abiogenic methane in the magmatic/hydrothermal system is insignificant and does not exceed 1%; (3) the isotope composition of CO<sub>2</sub> and the ratio of isotopes of radiogenic and air argon (<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>36</sup>Ar) in igneous volcanoes varies within very narrow limits when compared with sedimentary volcanoes. However, the use of these parameters as an unambiguous genetic criterion is not possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139481549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823080054
N. E. Demidov, A. V. Guzeva, A. L. Nikulina, S. Wetterich, L. Schirrmeister
Abstract
The climate warming–related degradation of permafrost can lead to the entry of climatically and biologically active substances, including mercury, into the biosphere; this work focuses on the analysis of the total content of mercury and organic carbon in 15 cores drilled in frozen Quaternary deposits of the Arctic Archipelago of Spitsbergen. The mercury content was additionally analyzed in bedrock samples, because the studied Quaternary deposits are formed by the weathering of the bedrock of the area. The results show that mercury concentrations in 157 studied samples of frozen Quaternary deposits range from 21 to 94 ng/g, with an average value of 40 ng/g. The expected correlation of mercury content with organic carbon content is not revealed. There are no trends in the accumulation of mercury depending on the lithological facies, geomorphological position, the time of sedimentation, or the freezing conditions. The average content of mercury in bedrock is relatively low, with a mean value of 8 ng/g. This means that the main source of mercury in frozen Quaternary deposits is not bedrock, but the formation of organic matter complexes or sorption on clay particles. In terms of the ongoing discussion about mercury input from permafrost to ecosystems, the results obtained from boreholes can be considered preindustrial background values.
{"title":"Mercury in Frozen Quaternary Sediments of the Spitsbergen Archipelago","authors":"N. E. Demidov, A. V. Guzeva, A. L. Nikulina, S. Wetterich, L. Schirrmeister","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823080054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823080054","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The climate warming–related degradation of permafrost can lead to the entry of climatically and biologically active substances, including mercury, into the biosphere; this work focuses on the analysis of the total content of mercury and organic carbon in 15 cores drilled in frozen Quaternary deposits of the Arctic Archipelago of Spitsbergen. The mercury content was additionally analyzed in bedrock samples, because the studied Quaternary deposits are formed by the weathering of the bedrock of the area. The results show that mercury concentrations in 157 studied samples of frozen Quaternary deposits range from 21 to 94 ng/g, with an average value of 40 ng/g. The expected correlation of mercury content with organic carbon content is not revealed. There are no trends in the accumulation of mercury depending on the lithological facies, geomorphological position, the time of sedimentation, or the freezing conditions. The average content of mercury in bedrock is relatively low, with a mean value of 8 ng/g. This means that the main source of mercury in frozen Quaternary deposits is not bedrock, but the formation of organic matter complexes or sorption on clay particles. In terms of the ongoing discussion about mercury input from permafrost to ecosystems, the results obtained from boreholes can be considered preindustrial background values.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139481554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823080042
A. O. Agibalov, O. V. Bergal-Kuvikas, V. A. Zaitsev, V. M. Makeev, A. A. Sentsov
Abstract
Numerous monogenic volcanic structures and thermal water outlets in the Malko-Petropavlovsk zone of transverse dislocations (MPZ) on the Kamchatka Peninsula have been established to be localized in areas of increased fracturing in the upper part of the earth’s crust. In the paper, we characterize at a quantitative level the association of manifestations of volcanism and hydrothermal–magmatic systems with positive anomalies in the morphometric characteristics of the relief (specific length of “weak” zones and watercourses, density of intersections of rivers and lineaments, and dispersion of slope exposure). A high degree of consistency in the orientations of faults and weak zones are revealed: both rose diagrams show northwestern, meridional, and northeastern directions, while the average circular values of their strikes are 75° and 76°, respectively. According to the Nechaev method (Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPE RAS)), 3D models of tectonic fragmentation of the earth’s crust in the depth range of 2.5–10 km are obtained based on the calculation of the specific lengths of weak zones and watercourses. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the point elements of these voxel models is 0.86. Based on the relation between morphometric characteristics and manifestations of volcanism, we suggest that, in general, the nature of the fracturing reflected in the relief is one of the main factors determining the hydrothermal–magmatic activity of the studied area, which has a great effect on human economic activity.
{"title":"Relation between Morphometric Parameters of Relief Characterizing the Fracturing of the Upper Part of the Lithosphere and Manifestations of Volcanism in the Malko-Petropavlovsk Zone","authors":"A. O. Agibalov, O. V. Bergal-Kuvikas, V. A. Zaitsev, V. M. Makeev, A. A. Sentsov","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823080042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823080042","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Numerous monogenic volcanic structures and thermal water outlets in the Malko-Petropavlovsk zone of transverse dislocations (MPZ) on the Kamchatka Peninsula have been established to be localized in areas of increased fracturing in the upper part of the earth’s crust. In the paper, we characterize at a quantitative level the association of manifestations of volcanism and hydrothermal–magmatic systems with positive anomalies in the morphometric characteristics of the relief (specific length of “weak” zones and watercourses, density of intersections of rivers and lineaments, and dispersion of slope exposure). A high degree of consistency in the orientations of faults and weak zones are revealed: both rose diagrams show northwestern, meridional, and northeastern directions, while the average circular values of their strikes are 75° and 76°, respectively. According to the Nechaev method (Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPE RAS)), 3D models of tectonic fragmentation of the earth’s crust in the depth range of 2.5–10 km are obtained based on the calculation of the specific lengths of weak zones and watercourses. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the point elements of these voxel models is 0.86. Based on the relation between morphometric characteristics and manifestations of volcanism, we suggest that, in general, the nature of the fracturing reflected in the relief is one of the main factors determining the hydrothermal–magmatic activity of the studied area, which has a great effect on human economic activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139481671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s000143382307006x
V. S. Zhukov, D. K. Kuzmin
Abstract
In this paper we present the results of studies of the Botuobin, Talakh, and Khamakin reservoirs of the Vendian period in the Chayanda hydrocarbon field (Eastern Siberia). Based on an analysis of variations in the petrophysical parameters of reservoirs upon an increase in effective pressure from 37 to 57 MPa, i.e., under conditions simulating the development of a field for depletion, changes in the volume and compressibility of the pore space are estimated. In this case, the porosity coefficient decreases by 0.043 abs. %, while the compressibility of the pore space decreases by 0.228 1/GPa. The average volumetric compression strain increases by 0.096%, which means a reduction in the volume of developed reservoirs by almost 0.1% relative to the beginning of development. A deformable formation model developed by Yu.O. Kuzmin based on the geodynamic history of the development of deposits is applied to estimate the magnitude of possible subsidence of the ground surface during development. The maximal values of possible surface subsidence (drawdowns) upon a decrease in reservoir fluid pressure by 5 MPa are estimated to be 0.33 m with allowance for the dynamics of petrophysical parameters and 0.335 m with no allowance for it. The maximal drawdowns are already estimated at 0.60 and 0.65 m upon a decrease in reservoir pressure by 10 MPa and 0.78 and 0.83 m upon a complete depletion of reservoir energy, respectively. The results of the studies show that taking into account the changes in petrophysical characteristics caused by the field development processes alters the estimate of the deformation state of the rock massif and the ground surface above the deposit and, consequently, the estimate of the level of geodynamic risk of oil-and-gas complex objects.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of the Development of the Chayanda Field on Surface Ground Subsidence","authors":"V. S. Zhukov, D. K. Kuzmin","doi":"10.1134/s000143382307006x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000143382307006x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this paper we present the results of studies of the Botuobin, Talakh, and Khamakin reservoirs of the Vendian period in the Chayanda hydrocarbon field (Eastern Siberia). Based on an analysis of variations in the petrophysical parameters of reservoirs upon an increase in effective pressure from 37 to 57 MPa, i.e., under conditions simulating the development of a field for depletion, changes in the volume and compressibility of the pore space are estimated. In this case, the porosity coefficient decreases by 0.043 abs. %, while the compressibility of the pore space decreases by 0.228 1/GPa. The average volumetric compression strain increases by 0.096%, which means a reduction in the volume of developed reservoirs by almost 0.1% relative to the beginning of development. A deformable formation model developed by Yu.O. Kuzmin based on the geodynamic history of the development of deposits is applied to estimate the magnitude of possible subsidence of the ground surface during development. The maximal values of possible surface subsidence (drawdowns) upon a decrease in reservoir fluid pressure by 5 MPa are estimated to be 0.33 m with allowance for the dynamics of petrophysical parameters and 0.335 m with no allowance for it. The maximal drawdowns are already estimated at 0.60 and 0.65 m upon a decrease in reservoir pressure by 10 MPa and 0.78 and 0.83 m upon a complete depletion of reservoir energy, respectively. The results of the studies show that taking into account the changes in petrophysical characteristics caused by the field development processes alters the estimate of the deformation state of the rock massif and the ground surface above the deposit and, consequently, the estimate of the level of geodynamic risk of oil-and-gas complex objects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823070058
A. D. Zavyalov, A. N. Morozov, I. M. Aleshin, S. D. Ivanov, K. I. Kholodkov, V. A. Pavlenko
Abstract
This article is the second in a series devoted to the modification of the Map of Expected Earthquakes (MEE) method of medium-term earthquake forecasting. The description of algorithms for preparing and analyzing initial data and the results of their application are presented. In particular, the following additional functional capabilities have been achieved: (1) the creation of various computational grids for further spatial and temporal scanning of the earthquake catalog within the analyzed seismic active region, (2) the declustering of earthquake catalogs and evaluation of representative values of energy classes (magnitudes) in space and time, and (3) the evaluation of time interval length for calculating the background parameters of prognostic features. The overall result of successful scientific and technical work will be the creation of an upgraded method for medium-term earthquake prediction taking into account the spatial distribution of earthquake sources, the integrated use of physically based earthquake precursors, the results of seismic zoning in the form of a lineament–domain–focal (LDF) model, and other related areas of research.
{"title":"Modified Medium-Term Earthquake Forecast Method: Map of Expected Earthquakes. Processing and Analyzing the Initial Data","authors":"A. D. Zavyalov, A. N. Morozov, I. M. Aleshin, S. D. Ivanov, K. I. Kholodkov, V. A. Pavlenko","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823070058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823070058","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This article is the second in a series devoted to the modification of the Map of Expected Earthquakes (MEE) method of medium-term earthquake forecasting. The description of algorithms for preparing and analyzing initial data and the results of their application are presented. In particular, the following additional functional capabilities have been achieved: (1) the creation of various computational grids for further spatial and temporal scanning of the earthquake catalog within the analyzed seismic active region, (2) the declustering of earthquake catalogs and evaluation of representative values of energy classes (magnitudes) in space and time, and (3) the evaluation of time interval length for calculating the background parameters of prognostic features. The overall result of successful scientific and technical work will be the creation of an upgraded method for medium-term earthquake prediction taking into account the spatial distribution of earthquake sources, the integrated use of physically based earthquake precursors, the results of seismic zoning in the form of a lineament–domain–focal (LDF) model, and other related areas of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823070034
A. M. Korzhenkov, B. E. Amanbaeva, A. Anarbaev, H. Ibadullaev, L. A. Korzhenkova, M. Pardaev, A. A. Strelnikov, J. Williams, A. B. Fortuna
Abstract
In the fall of 2022, we studied damages at the 16th-century Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque in the city of Osh in the east of the Fergana Valley using archeoseismology method. Seismic deformations related, apparently, to the strong Kokand earthquake that occurred in 1822 have been revealed: a significant horizontal displacement of the upper part of the mosque relative to the lower part, systematic tilts of the colonnades, and rotations around the vertical axis (both of individual parts of the mosque and the building as a whole). Such severe damage could have been caused by seismic oscillations with a strength of Il = 8‒9 (according to the MSK-64 scale). The Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque was built in the 16th century on the ruins of two more ancient structures. It is possible that two seismic events of the 12th and 15th centuries led to the destruction of these buildings (the construction of the pre-Mongol period and, presumably, the Jauz Mosque mentioned in Bāburnāma). The first earthquake is likely responsible for the destruction of the bath complex from the Karakhanid era that is located next to the mosque. The sources of seismic oscillations were tectonic movements along the zones of adyr faults and folds that were located near the Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque. It is possible that the initiator of seismic damage to the mosque was Mount Sulaiman-Too, an actively growing anticlinal adyr fold; the medieval structure under study is located at the its eastern foot.
{"title":"Archaeoseismological Study of Medieval Monuments at the Foot of Sulaiman-Too Mountain (Osh City, Fergana Valley)","authors":"A. M. Korzhenkov, B. E. Amanbaeva, A. Anarbaev, H. Ibadullaev, L. A. Korzhenkova, M. Pardaev, A. A. Strelnikov, J. Williams, A. B. Fortuna","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823070034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823070034","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In the fall of 2022, we studied damages at the 16th-century Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque in the city of Osh in the east of the Fergana Valley using archeoseismology method. Seismic deformations related, apparently, to the strong Kokand earthquake that occurred in 1822 have been revealed: a significant horizontal displacement of the upper part of the mosque relative to the lower part, systematic tilts of the colonnades, and rotations around the vertical axis (both of individual parts of the mosque and the building as a whole). Such severe damage could have been caused by seismic oscillations with a strength of <i>I</i><sub><i>l</i></sub> = 8‒9 (according to the MSK-64 scale). The Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque was built in the 16th century on the ruins of two more ancient structures. It is possible that two seismic events of the 12th and 15th centuries led to the destruction of these buildings (the construction of the pre-Mongol period and, presumably, the Jauz Mosque mentioned in Bāburnāma). The first earthquake is likely responsible for the destruction of the bath complex from the Karakhanid era that is located next to the mosque. The sources of seismic oscillations were tectonic movements along the zones of adyr faults and folds that were located near the Ravat Abdullakhan Mosque. It is possible that the initiator of seismic damage to the mosque was Mount Sulaiman-Too, an actively growing anticlinal adyr fold; the medieval structure under study is located at the its eastern foot.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823070022
A. A. Feyzullayev, U. A. Movsumova
Abstract
This article presents a comparative analysis of the isotope-geochemical characteristics of the products of activity of mud volcanoes (MVs) in the northwestern (Azerbaijan) and southeastern (Iran) parts of the South Caspian Basin (SCB). Gases of MVs in the studied regions are mainly of thermocatalytic origin, with the predominance of methane. High concentrations of nitrogen (up to 50%) are noted in the gases of some MVs in the Iranian sector. One distinctive feature of the MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB is the presence of isotopically superheavy (>5‰) carbon dioxide, which is not typical for MVs in Iran. The waters of the MVs of Iran and most of the MVs of Azerbaijan are of the sodium chloride type. Isotopically heavy bicarbonate and carbonate ions, characteristic of the mud volcanic waters of Azerbaijan, are not typical for the volcanoes of the Iranian part of the SCB. Organic matter of rock ejecta of MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB refers mainly to type II and type II–III kerogen, while in its Iranian part it is mainly type III kerogen. Mud volcanoes of Azerbaijan are characterized by a wide range of gas generation depths (10–16 km) and, accordingly, significant subvertical migration. The calculated maximum depth of the HC gas source in the Iranian part of the SCB does not exceed 12 km.
{"title":"Isotope-Geochemical Characteristics of Fluids and Organic Matter of Rocks of Mud Volcanoes in the Northwestern (Azerbaijan) and Southeastern (Iran) Parts of the South Caspian Basin: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"A. A. Feyzullayev, U. A. Movsumova","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823070022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823070022","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This article presents a comparative analysis of the isotope-geochemical characteristics of the products of activity of mud volcanoes (MVs) in the northwestern (Azerbaijan) and southeastern (Iran) parts of the South Caspian Basin (SCB). Gases of MVs in the studied regions are mainly of thermocatalytic origin, with the predominance of methane. High concentrations of nitrogen (up to 50%) are noted in the gases of some MVs in the Iranian sector. One distinctive feature of the MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB is the presence of isotopically superheavy (>5‰) carbon dioxide, which is not typical for MVs in Iran. The waters of the MVs of Iran and most of the MVs of Azerbaijan are of the sodium chloride type. Isotopically heavy bicarbonate and carbonate ions, characteristic of the mud volcanic waters of Azerbaijan, are not typical for the volcanoes of the Iranian part of the SCB. Organic matter of rock ejecta of MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB refers mainly to type II and type II–III kerogen, while in its Iranian part it is mainly type III kerogen. Mud volcanoes of Azerbaijan are characterized by a wide range of gas generation depths (10–16 km) and, accordingly, significant subvertical migration. The calculated maximum depth of the HC gas source in the Iranian part of the SCB does not exceed 12 km.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.1134/s000143382306004x
G. I. Gorchakov, V. M. Kopeikin, R. A. Gushchin, A. V. Karpov, E. G. Semoutnikova, O. I. Datsenko, T. Ya. Ponomareva
Abstract
According to the monitoring data of the optical and microphysical characteristics of smoke aerosol at AERONET stations during forest fires in the summer of 2019 in Alaska, the anomalous selective absorption of smoke aerosol has been detected in the visible and near-infrared spectral range from 440 to 1020 nm. With anomalous selective absorption, the imaginary part of the refractive index of smoke aerosol reached 0.315 at a wavelength of 1020 nm. A power-law approximation of the spectral dependence of the imaginary part of the refractive index with an exponent from 0.26 to 2.35 is proposed. It is shown that, for anomalous selective absorption, power-law approximations of the spectral dependences of the aerosol optical extinction and absorption depths are applicable with an Ångström exponent from 0.96 to 1.65 for the aerosol optical extinction depth and from 0.97 to –0.89 for the aerosol optical absorption depth, which reached 0.72. Single scattering albedo varied from 0.62 to 0.96. In the size distribution of smoke aerosol particles with anomalous selective absorption, the fine fraction of particles of condensation origin dominated. The similarity of the fraction of particles distinguished by anomalous selective absorption with the fraction of tar balls (TBs) detected by electron microscopy in smoke aerosol, which, apparently, arise during the condensation of terpenes and their oxygen-containing derivatives, is noted.
{"title":"Anomalous Selective Absorption of Smoke Aerosol during Forest Fires in Alaska in July–August 2019","authors":"G. I. Gorchakov, V. M. Kopeikin, R. A. Gushchin, A. V. Karpov, E. G. Semoutnikova, O. I. Datsenko, T. Ya. Ponomareva","doi":"10.1134/s000143382306004x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000143382306004x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>According to the monitoring data of the optical and microphysical characteristics of smoke aerosol at AERONET stations during forest fires in the summer of 2019 in Alaska, the anomalous selective absorption of smoke aerosol has been detected in the visible and near-infrared spectral range from 440 to 1020 nm. With anomalous selective absorption, the imaginary part of the refractive index of smoke aerosol reached 0.315 at a wavelength of 1020 nm. A power-law approximation of the spectral dependence of the imaginary part of the refractive index with an exponent from 0.26 to 2.35 is proposed. It is shown that, for anomalous selective absorption, power-law approximations of the spectral dependences of the aerosol optical extinction and absorption depths are applicable with an Ångström exponent from 0.96 to 1.65 for the aerosol optical extinction depth and from 0.97 to –0.89 for the aerosol optical absorption depth, which reached 0.72. Single scattering albedo varied from 0.62 to 0.96. In the size distribution of smoke aerosol particles with anomalous selective absorption, the fine fraction of particles of condensation origin dominated. The similarity of the fraction of particles distinguished by anomalous selective absorption with the fraction of tar balls (TBs) detected by electron microscopy in smoke aerosol, which, apparently, arise during the condensation of terpenes and their oxygen-containing derivatives, is noted.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.1134/s0001433823060130
Y. A. Zyulyaeva, D. A. Sobaeva, S. K. Gulev
Abstract
Extreme states of the stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) affect the average position of the main propagation trajectories of synoptic vortices in the Northern Hemisphere over a time period from 2 weeks to 2 months. This time scale is considered one of the most difficult periods in forecasting. Based on the analysis of data from idealized numerical experiments on the Isca platform, we have studied the processes of formation of anomalous positions of storm tracks in the Atlantic–European region as a response to sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) and events of extremely strong SPV during various phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is shown that in winter it is impossible to unambiguously talk about the southward displacement of the Atlantic storm track during El Niño events without taking into account the intensity of SPV. The intensity of SPV, expressed as the zonal component of wind speed, averaged along 60° N at the level of 10 hPa, has its maximum predictive potential during El Niño.
{"title":"Response of the Tropospheric Dynamics to Extreme States of the Stratospheric Polar Vortex during ENSO Phases in Idealized Model Experiments","authors":"Y. A. Zyulyaeva, D. A. Sobaeva, S. K. Gulev","doi":"10.1134/s0001433823060130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433823060130","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Extreme states of the stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) affect the average position of the main propagation trajectories of synoptic vortices in the Northern Hemisphere over a time period from 2 weeks to 2 months. This time scale is considered one of the most difficult periods in forecasting. Based on the analysis of data from idealized numerical experiments on the Isca platform, we have studied the processes of formation of anomalous positions of storm tracks in the Atlantic–European region as a response to sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) and events of extremely strong SPV during various phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is shown that in winter it is impossible to unambiguously talk about the southward displacement of the Atlantic storm track during El Niño events without taking into account the intensity of SPV. The intensity of SPV, expressed as the zonal component of wind speed, averaged along 60° N at the level of 10 hPa, has its maximum predictive potential during El Niño.</p>","PeriodicalId":54911,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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