Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1109/MCAS.2023.3236659
Yang Lou, Lin Wang, Guanrong Chen
Network robustness is critical for various industrial and social networks against malicious attacks, which has various meanings in different research contexts and here it refers to the ability of a network to sustain its functionality when a fraction of the network fail to work due to attacks. The rapid development of complex networks research indicates special interest and great concern about the network robustness, which is essential for further analyzing and optimizing network structures towards engineering applications. This comprehensive survey distills the important findings and developments of network robustness research, focusing on the a posteriori structural robustness measures for single-layer static networks. Specifically, the a posteriori robustness measures are reviewed from four perspectives: 1) network functionality, including connectivity, controllability and communication ability, as well as their extensions; 2) malicious attacks, including conventional and computation-based attack strategies; 3) robustness estimation methods using either analytical approximation or machine learning-based prediction; 4) network robustness optimization. Based on the existing measures, a practical threshold of network destruction is introduced, with the suggestion that network robustness should be measured only before reaching the threshold of destruction. Then, a posteriori and a priori measures are compared experimentally, revealing the advantages of the a posteriori measures. Finally, prospective research directions with respect to a posteriori robustness measures are recommended.
{"title":"Structural Robustness of Complex Networks: A Survey of A Posteriori Measures[Feature]","authors":"Yang Lou, Lin Wang, Guanrong Chen","doi":"10.1109/MCAS.2023.3236659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCAS.2023.3236659","url":null,"abstract":"Network robustness is critical for various industrial and social networks against malicious attacks, which has various meanings in different research contexts and here it refers to the ability of a network to sustain its functionality when a fraction of the network fail to work due to attacks. The rapid development of complex networks research indicates special interest and great concern about the network robustness, which is essential for further analyzing and optimizing network structures towards engineering applications. This comprehensive survey distills the important findings and developments of network robustness research, focusing on the a posteriori structural robustness measures for single-layer static networks. Specifically, the a posteriori robustness measures are reviewed from four perspectives: 1) network functionality, including connectivity, controllability and communication ability, as well as their extensions; 2) malicious attacks, including conventional and computation-based attack strategies; 3) robustness estimation methods using either analytical approximation or machine learning-based prediction; 4) network robustness optimization. Based on the existing measures, a practical threshold of network destruction is introduced, with the suggestion that network robustness should be measured only before reaching the threshold of destruction. Then, a posteriori and a priori measures are compared experimentally, revealing the advantages of the a posteriori measures. Finally, prospective research directions with respect to a posteriori robustness measures are recommended.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"23 1","pages":"12-35"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43215506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2022.3221832
Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.
未来的作者被要求提交新的，未发表的手稿，包括在即将到来的事件中描述的这篇论文。
{"title":"TechRxiv: Share Your Preprint Research with the World!","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2022.3221832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2022.3221832","url":null,"abstract":"Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers. ","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"176 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138505453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3267940
Fidel Makatia, R. Reis
{"title":"CASS Kenya Chapter and CASS Rio Grande do Sul Chapter Joint Workshop [Education]","authors":"Fidel Makatia, R. Reis","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3267940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3267940","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3277489
R. Reis, F. Fonthal
{"title":"IEEE CASS Tour Colombia 2022 [CAS in the World]","authors":"R. Reis, F. Fonthal","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3277489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3277489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3302398
Liviu Goras, Sanjit K. Mitra, Majid Ahmadi
The International Symposium on Signals, Circuits, and Systems organized since 1993 every two years in Iasi, a beautiful town in the north-eastern part of Romania, was created as a joint activity of the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Information Technology of the “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi and the Romanian Chapter of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. This year the conference held its 16th edition. While, due to the pandemic, the previous edition took place on-line, this time the conference was held in a hybrid format.
{"title":"The 16th Edition of the International Symposium on Signals, Circuits, and Systems, ISSCS 2023, Iasi, Romania [Women in CAS]","authors":"Liviu Goras, Sanjit K. Mitra, Majid Ahmadi","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3302398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3302398","url":null,"abstract":"The International Symposium on Signals, Circuits, and Systems organized since 1993 every two years in Iasi, a beautiful town in the north-eastern part of Romania, was created as a joint activity of the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Information Technology of the “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi and the Romanian Chapter of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. This year the conference held its 16th edition. While, due to the pandemic, the previous edition took place on-line, this time the conference was held in a hybrid format.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"11213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136302381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3243685
{"title":"2023: The Golden Age of Semiconductors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3243685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3243685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3267894
G. Di Capua
{"title":"Women in Circuits and Systems (WiCAS) at ICECS 2022 [Women in CAS]","authors":"G. Di Capua","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3267894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3267894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3243839
{"title":"Conference in Romania","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3243839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3243839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3239651
Fan Chen
{"title":"An Interview with Professor Adel Sedra [Interview]","authors":"Fan Chen","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3239651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3239651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62548630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392
Wolfgang Mathis
In the 19th century, new electrical, magnetic, and thermal phenomena were observed, eventually leading to the development of electromagnetic theory and thermodynamics as new theories of physics. These theories were mainly developed by physicists in France, Great Britain, and Germany. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was one of the German physicists involved in this process and thus became one of the founders of mathematical physics, at least in Germany. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he developed optical spectroscopy and examined the spectrum of the sun, becoming one of the founders of astrophysics. Kirchhoff introduced the black body and discovered the law of thermal radiation. However, electrical engineers know Kirchhoff because of his fundamental contributions to electrical circuits and the well-known Kirchhoff’s laws.
在19世纪，新的电、磁和热现象被观察到，最终导致了电磁理论和热力学作为新的物理理论的发展。这些理论主要是由法国、英国和德国的物理学家提出的。古斯塔夫·罗伯特·基尔霍夫(Gustav Robert Kirchhoff)是参与这一过程的德国物理学家之一，因此成为数学物理学的创始人之一，至少在德国是这样。他与罗伯特·威廉·本生一起发展了光谱学，并研究了太阳的光谱，成为天体物理学的创始人之一。基尔霍夫介绍了黑体，发现了热辐射定律。然而，电气工程师知道基尔霍夫是因为他对电路的基本贡献和著名的基尔霍夫定律。
{"title":"Gustav Robert Kirchhoff [Pioneers]","authors":"Wolfgang Mathis","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392","url":null,"abstract":"<fig orientation=\"portrait\" position=\"float\" xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"> <graphic orientation=\"portrait\" position=\"float\" xlink:href=\"kirch-3302392.tif\"/> </fig> In the 19th century, new electrical, magnetic, and thermal phenomena were observed, eventually leading to the development of electromagnetic theory and thermodynamics as new theories of physics. These theories were mainly developed by physicists in France, Great Britain, and Germany. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was one of the German physicists involved in this process and thus became one of the founders of mathematical physics, at least in Germany. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he developed optical spectroscopy and examined the spectrum of the sun, becoming one of the founders of astrophysics. Kirchhoff introduced the black body and discovered the law of thermal radiation. However, electrical engineers know Kirchhoff because of his fundamental contributions to electrical circuits and the well-known Kirchhoff’s laws.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136301714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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