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Einführung in die Kristallographie 晶体学导论
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-10-21 DOI: 10.1524/9783486598858
W. Kleber
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引用次数: 96
Correction 校正
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1823082
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引用次数: 0
High-resolution event stratigraphy (HiRES) of the Silurian across the Cincinnati Arch (USA) through integrating conodont and carbon isotope biochemostratigraphy, with gamma-ray and sequence stratigraphy 通过整合牙形石和碳同位素生物化学地层学、伽马射线和层序地层学,对美国辛辛那提拱门志留系进行高分辨率事件地层学(HiRES)
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1819407
Stephan C. Oborny, B. Cramer, C. Brett
ABSTRACT Silurian strata within the tristate area of Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky have been thoroughly studied for well over a century. Due to rapid facies changes throughout the region numerous lithostratigraphic terminologies were established, many of which were difficult to correlate even over short distances. Recently these stratigraphic complexities have received renewed interest due to advancements in bio-, chemo-, and sequence stratigraphy that greatly improved our understanding of the tristate area. These improvements had significant implications for our ability to correlate Rhuddanian through lower Sheinwoodian strata between the Appalachian and Illinois basins and allowed unified nomenclatural and sequence stratigraphic hierarchies for this interval to be developed across the Cincinnati Arch. Recent advancements in regional chronostratigraphy of Silurian strata, however, highlight several discrepancies with regards to the 3rd- and 4th-order sequence stratigraphic hierarchies assigned within these basins. In an effort to alleviate these points of disagreement, we contribute new δ13Ccarb chemostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analyses of a basinward Appalachian section from Scioto County, Ohio, spanning upper Telychian through Gorstian strata assigned to the Estill through Tymochtee formations, complemented by gamma-ray core scans for localities traversing northwestward from the sampled core section into western Ohio. These new data allow unified nomenclatural and sequence stratigraphic hierarchies to be developed throughout the region for strata spanning the upper Telychian through Gorstian stages. Additionally, these findings highlight a significant shift in the primary sites of sediment accommodation during the studied depositional interval.
一个多世纪以来,人们对印第安纳州、俄亥俄州和肯塔基州三州地区的志留系地层进行了深入的研究。由于整个地区的快速岩相变化,建立了许多岩石地层学术语,其中许多即使在短距离内也很难相互关联。最近,由于生物地层学、化学地层学和层序地层学的进步,极大地提高了我们对三州地区的理解,这些地层复杂性重新引起了人们的兴趣。这些改进对我们将阿巴拉契亚盆地和伊利诺伊盆地之间的Rhuddanian至下Sheinwood地层进行关联的能力产生了重大影响,并允许在辛辛那提拱门上开发该层段的统一命名和层序地层层次。然而,志留系地层区域年代地层学的最新进展突出了这些盆地内三阶和四阶层序地层层次的一些差异。为了缓解这些分歧点,我们对俄亥俄州Scioto县的阿巴拉契亚盆地剖面进行了新的δ13Carb化学地层学和层序地层学分析,该剖面横跨上Telychian至Gorstian地层,归属于Estill至Tymochtee地层,对从采样岩心剖面向西北方向进入俄亥俄州西部的地区进行伽马射线岩心扫描。这些新数据允许在整个地区开发统一的命名和序列地层层次,用于从上特里奇阶到戈尔斯蒂阶的地层。此外,这些发现突出表明,在所研究的沉积间隔期间,沉积物容纳的主要位置发生了重大变化。
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引用次数: 2
Dynamics of a retreating ice sheet: a LiDAR study in Värmland, SW Sweden 退缩冰盖的动力学:瑞典西南部Värmland的激光雷达研究
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1822437
A. Goodship, H. Alexanderson
ABSTRACT Värmland in south western Sweden lies across the established zone of marine-terrestrial transition of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) margin. The region lies inside the Younger Dryas maximum limit reached at 12.7 cal ka BP and the area of rapid final SIS retreat from 11.5 cal ka BP. LiDAR data across Värmland allows more detailed observation and analysis of glacial landforms formed during this stage than previously possible. This study synthesises geomorphological mapping performed on highly detailed digital elevation models (DEMs) and field observations across the region around Torsby in northern Värmland to reconstruct the dynamics of the ice sheet as it retreated. Several landforms that developed during deglaciation are identified and clearly reflect the change from a marine to terrestrially terminating ice margin. Ice-marginal deltas suggest a slowing of retreat at the point of marine-terrestrial transition. Increased topographic control on ice-sheet flow, pattern of drainage and ice sheet decay is indicated by the distribution of streamlined terrain, eskers, and outwash material. Hummocky terrain across low ground and incised valleys suggest persistence of ice in topographic lows beyond the retreat of the main ice front. Combined analysis of identified landforms allows a model for the pattern of retreat to be produced that traces the retreating ice sheet margin in far greater detail than previously has been possible in this area. This provides important data for understanding the final retreat of the SIS and details processes likely occurring beneath the margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet today.
摘要瑞典西南部的Värmland位于斯堪的纳维亚冰盖(SIS)边缘的海陆过渡区。该区域位于达到12.7卡BP的Younger Dryas最大限度内,以及SIS从11.5卡BP快速最终消退的区域内。整个Värmland的激光雷达数据可以对这一阶段形成的冰川地貌进行比以前更详细的观测和分析。这项研究综合了在高度详细的数字高程模型(DEM)上进行的地貌测绘和对Värmland北部Torsby周围地区的实地观测,以重建冰盖退缩时的动态。已经确定了冰川消融期间形成的几种地貌,这些地貌清楚地反映了从海洋到陆地的冰缘变化。冰缘三角洲表明,在海陆过渡点,退缩速度有所放缓。流线型地形、eskers和外部冲刷物质的分布表明,地形对冰盖流动、排水模式和冰盖衰减的控制有所增加。低地和下切山谷中的丘状地形表明,在主冰锋退缩之外的地形低点,冰仍存在。对已识别地貌的综合分析可以产生一个后退模式的模型,该模型比以前在该地区更详细地追踪后退的冰盖边缘。这为了解SIS的最终消退提供了重要数据,并详细说明了今天格陵兰冰盖边缘下可能发生的过程。
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引用次数: 6
Zircon U–Pb-Hf isotope data in eclogite and metagabbro from southern Sweden reveal a common long-lived evolution and enriched source 瑞典南部榴辉岩和变辉长岩中的锆石U–Pb Hf同位素数据揭示了一个共同的长期演化和富集来源
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1822438
A. Petersson, L. Tual
ABSTRACT Several orogenies have shaped the bedrock of southern Sweden. While mafic intrusions represent significant sources of information for reconstructing geodynamics and crustal evolution, the characterization of the various generations of such intrusions in Sweden remains limited. We report in situ zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope data from a Fe-Ti eclogite and a coronitic metagabbro from the Eastern Segment in southern Sweden. Crystallisation ages at 1683 ± 17 Ma of the eclogite suggest affiliation with the surrounding 1730–1660 Ma Transscandinavian Igneous Belt intrusions that dominate the Eastern Segment. Secondary zircon growth and Pb-loss in the eclogite sample at 1459 ± 44 Ma and the crystallisation of the metagabbro at 1431 ± 26 Ma overlap and are related to magmatic activity during the Hallandian orogeny. Zircon Hf isotope signatures with chondritic and sub-chondritic values at ~1683 Ma and ~1431 Ma, respectively, correspond to an enriched (or mildly depleted) source in line with a “Mixed Svecofennian Crustal Reservoir”. These isotope signatures are more enriched than those in the surrounding gneisses. Zircon isotope data from the herein analysed zircon grains indicate that the eclogite and metagabbro had an enriched mafic source in the mid to lower crust, or within the subcontinental lithospheric mantle below Fennoscandia.
几个造山运动塑造了瑞典南部的基岩。虽然基性侵入体是重建地球动力学和地壳演化的重要信息来源,但对瑞典各代此类侵入体的描述仍然有限。本文报道了来自瑞典南部东段铁钛榴辉岩和冠状变长岩的原位锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素数据。榴辉岩的结晶年龄为1683±17 Ma,表明其与周围的1730-1660 Ma横越斯堪的纳维亚火成岩带岩体有关,该岩体在东段占主导地位。1459±44 Ma时榴辉岩的次生锆石生长和pb损失与1431±26 Ma时辉长岩的结晶重叠,与哈兰德造山时期的岩浆活动有关。锆石Hf同位素特征分别为~1683 Ma和~1431 Ma的球粒和亚球粒值,对应于一个富集(或轻度亏缺)的烃源岩,符合“混合斯特芬系地壳储层”。这些同位素特征比周围片麻岩的同位素特征更丰富。本文分析的锆石颗粒锆石同位素数据表明,榴辉岩和变质长岩在芬诺斯坎迪亚的中下地壳或次大陆岩石圈地幔内具有丰富的基性来源。
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引用次数: 1
A new large mound dwelling chiton (Mollusca), from the Late Ordovician Boda Limestone of central Sweden 一种新的大丘栖石鳖(软体动物),产于瑞典中部晚奥陶世的博达石灰岩
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1819406
Anette E. S. Högström, J. R. Ebbestad, Yutaro Suzuki
ABSTRACT A new rare Upper Ordovician mound dwelling palaeoloricate chiton is described as Crassaplax collicola gen. et sp. nov. from three large isolated intermediate valves from the Katian carbonate mud mounds of the Boda Limestone in the Siljan district of central Sweden. Together with the previously known Spicuchelodes? sp., also from the Boda Limestone, these are the only known Late Ordovician mound dwellers so far among the palaeoloricates, adding to Ordovician environments with reported chiton remains. Crassaplax collicola is distinguished from other Ordovician palaeoloricate chitons by their thick and large valves that can be 2 cm in length, and especially the clear differentiation between the lateral and central valve areas.
摘要:在瑞典中部Siljan地区博达石灰岩的Katian碳酸盐岩泥丘中,发现了一种新的罕见的上奥陶统丘生古绿藻石鳖,命名为Crassaplax collicola gen.et sp.nov。与之前已知的Spiuchelodes一起?sp.,也来自博达石灰岩,它们是迄今为止已知的古生物中唯一的晚奥陶世土丘生物,为奥陶纪环境增添了据报道的石鳖遗骸。柯氏Crassaplax collicola与其他奥陶纪古生物壳的区别在于其厚而大的阀瓣,长度可达2厘米,尤其是侧阀瓣区和中央阀瓣区之间的明显区别。
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引用次数: 0
The fossil alga Chaetocladus gracilis revisited: new material from the Silurian of Sweden 重访细毛壳藻化石:来自瑞典志留纪的新材料
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-09-22 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1819408
J. Pettersson, P. Ahlberg, Anders Lindskog, J. Lindgren, M. Eriksson
ABSTRACT In 2006, a new species of non-calcified dasycladalean alga, Chaetocladus gracilis, from the upper Silurian of Skåne (Scania), southernmost Sweden, was erected. The original description was based on a single incomplete fossil recovered from the abandoned limestone quarry at Bjärsjölagård, a classic geologic locality in Scania. Here we present four additional and, importantly, more complete specimens from this same site and type stratum. This new material largely corroborates the general anatomical features of C. gracilis, but also adds some intricate details, most notably with regards to the external sheet-like phytoleim and organisation of the laterals. Elemental mapping confirmed an expected carbonaceous composition of the fossils, which are embedded in a calcareous mudstone. These additional fossils show that the originally described specimen was not a singular occurrence at this locality. Based on the state of preservation of our algal fossils, we note that the mudstone facies of the Ludlow Bjärsjölagård Limestone Member of the Klinta Formation (Öved-Ramsåsa Group), from which all C. gracilis have been recovered, share characteristics with deposits typically referred to as “algal-Lagerstätten”.
摘要2006年,瑞典最南端斯堪的纳维亚志留纪上统的一种新的无钙化大环藻——细毛壳藻(Chaetocladus gracilis)被发现。最初的描述是基于从斯堪尼亚的经典地质地区Bjärsjölagård废弃的石灰岩采石场中发现的一块不完整的化石。在这里,我们展示了来自同一地点和类型地层的四个额外的,更重要的是,更完整的标本。这一新材料在很大程度上证实了薄叶C.gracilis的一般解剖特征,但也增加了一些复杂的细节,最显著的是关于外部片状植物群落和侧枝的组织。元素测绘证实了化石的碳质成分,这些化石嵌入钙质泥岩中。这些额外的化石表明,最初描述的标本并不是这个地方的单一化石。根据我们藻类化石的保存状态,我们注意到,Klita组Ludlow Bjärsjölagård石灰岩段(Öved Ramsåsa群)的泥岩相与通常被称为“藻类Lagerstätten”的矿床具有相同的特征,所有薄C.gracilis都已从该段中回收。
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引用次数: 1
Ove Stephansson, 1938-2020 这位Stephansson,1938-2020
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1809823
R. Lilljequist, A. Zang
One of Sweden’s most successful geologists, Professor Ove Stephansson, passed away on February, 19 2020. During his professional life he published more than 200 articles, conference papers and book...
瑞典最成功的地质学家之一Ove Stephansson教授于2020年2月19日去世。在他的职业生涯中,他发表了200多篇文章、会议论文和书籍。
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引用次数: 1
Lituitid cephalopods from the upper Darriwilian and basal Sandbian (Middle–Upper Ordovician) of Estonia 来自爱沙尼亚上达里威廉和基底沙边(中上奥陶统)的流质头足类
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1762723
M. Aubrechtová, T. Meidla
ABSTRACT Cephalopods of the order Lituitida Starobogatov, 1983 from the late Darriwilian and early Sandbian strata of Estonia are revised herein. During that time, the lituitids reached their peak abundance and were among the key components of cephalopod faunas on Baltica, as well as in other mid- and low-latitude palaeogeographic locations. The Estonian lituitids mostly come from localities representing more off-shore environments with deeper-water sedimentation in the Middle Ordovician. This supports previous assumptions that lituitids preferred pelagic environments and were capable of long-distance migration. In the studied lituitid collection, two genera were identified – Lituites Bertrand, 1763 and Ancistroceras Boll, 1857. Three species – Ancistroceras ristnensis sp. nov., Ancistroceras vahikuelaensis sp. nov. and Lituites nehatuensis sp. nov. – were newly established. However, species determinations were often hindered by high intraspecific variability and fragmentary preservation. Investigation of cameral deposits using median sections showed that: connecting rings in chambers with deposits are commonly broken or missing; oriented fragments of connecting rings are present, sometimes overgrown by primary deposits; several generations of primary deposits can be developed; simultaneous presence of both broken and intact connecting rings in the same specimen is usual. These observations elucidate the formation of cameral deposits in lituitids. Currently, this process is explained either by passive deposition from cameral fluids, or active secretion by cameral mantle. The evidence collected herein from Estonian lituitids reveals, however, that both modes of formation might have occurred successively during the lituitid ontogeny and that a gradual, life-time destruction of connecting rings was possibly involved.
本文对爱沙尼亚Darriwilian晚期和Sandbian早期地层中1983年发现的Lituitida Starobogatov目头足类进行了修正。在此期间,这些液体的丰度达到了顶峰,是波罗的海以及其他中低纬度古地理位置的头足类动物的关键组成部分。爱沙尼亚的流质主要来自中奥陶统较深水沉积的近海环境。这支持了先前的假设,即液体更喜欢远洋环境,并且能够长距离迁移。在所研究的流质标本中,鉴定出两个属:Lituites Bertrand, 1763和Ancistroceras Boll, 1857。新发现3种:①ristnensis sp. nov.;③vahikuelaensis sp.;③nehatuensis sp.;然而,物种的确定经常受到高种内变异性和碎片保存的阻碍。利用中间剖面对照相机矿床进行调查表明:有矿床的腔室中连接环通常断裂或缺失;存在连接环的定向碎片,有时被原生矿床覆盖;可发育几代原生矿床;在同一试样中同时出现断裂和完整的连接环是很常见的。这些观察结果阐明了液体中照相机沉积物的形成。目前,这一过程的解释要么是由相机流体的被动沉积,要么是由相机外套膜的主动分泌。然而,本文从爱沙尼亚流质中收集的证据表明,这两种形成模式可能在流质个体发生过程中先后发生,并且可能涉及到连接环的逐渐的、终生的破坏。
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引用次数: 3
New data on Marocella (Mollusca, Helcionelloida) from the Cambrian (Series 2–Miaolingian) of the Iberian Peninsula 伊比利亚半岛寒武纪(2 -苗岭系)Marocella(软体动物,Helcionelloida)新资料
IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Gff
Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2020.1762722
L. Collantes, E. Mayoral, J. Chirivella, R. Gozalo
ABSTRACT The present work is an overview of the current knowledge about the genus Marocella on the Iberian Peninsula, describing new specimens from the lower and middle Cambrian (Cambrian Series 2 and Miaolingian) of the southwestern Ossa-Morena Zone and Iberian Chains. Specimens from the lower Cambrian of the Ossa-Morena Zone are described as M. morenensis. Also, we found specimens in the Iberian Chains, which have been described earlier from the Cantabrian Mountains and dealt with as Marocella cf. morenensis. These specimens were found in strata of the latest Stage 4 of Cambrian or earliest Wuliuan. The youngest specimens from the upper Leonian to middle Caesaraugustian regional Stage (Wuliuan to early Drumian) of Iberian Chains are newly discovered material and classified as M. aff. morenensis. On the basis of new material of M. morenensis, M. mira and M. morenensis are regarded as different species herein, and the biostratigraphic and palaeobiogeographic distribution of Marocella is reviewed.
摘要本工作概述了伊比利亚半岛Marocella属的现有知识,描述了西南奥萨-莫雷纳带和伊比利亚链下寒武纪和中寒武纪(寒武纪2系和苗岭阶)的新标本。Ossa Morena带下寒武纪的标本被描述为M.morenensis。此外,我们在伊比利亚链中发现了标本,这些标本早些时候在坎塔布里亚山脉被描述为Marocella cf.morenensis。这些标本发现于寒武纪最晚第4期或武源最早的地层中。最年轻的标本来自伊比利亚链的上莱昂阶至中凯撒罗古斯阶区域阶段(武流阶至德拉姆阶早期),是新发现的材料,被归类为M.aff。morenensis。根据羊毛菌的新材料,将米拉羊毛菌和羊毛菌视为不同的物种,并对马罗塞拉的生物地层学和古生物地理学分布进行了综述。
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引用次数: 4
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Gff
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