Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a25
France de Lapparent de Broin, G. Métais, A. Bartolini, I. A. Brohi, R. A. Lashari, Laurent Marivaux, D. Merle, Mashooque Ali Warar, S. H. Solangi
ABSTRACT We report the discovery of remains of a large chelonian from the base of the early Paleocene Khadro Formation exposed in the Ranikot Fort area (Ranikot Group, Sindh Province, Southern Pakistan). This formation already yielded the snake Gigantophis Andrews, 1901, studied by our friend Jean-Claude Rage. The chelonian specimens consist of a large carapace and a shell fragment of Bothremydidae, a family of Gondwanan origin. A new genus and species, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp. is identified from the first specimen and named in honor of Jean-Claude Rage. It is the first report of a Bothremydidae in Southern Pakistan. Its affinities with Cretaceous and Paleocene representatives of the family are discussed. The association of characters such as the shape of the shell, anterior plastral scute pattern and strongly marked decoration characterize the taxon and, despite some similarities, allows excluding close phylogenetic affinities with Taphrosphyini and Carteremys group; other well-documented bothremydids are also excluded. The shell fragment, also strongly decorated, is left undetermined. The discovery of two new littoral bothremydid specimens in the early Paleocene of Pakistan fills a geographic and stratigraphic gap in our knowledge of the family, which is known since the continental early Cretaceous of Africa, diversifying in the world up to the Miocene deposits of the Neotethys. A particular diversification during the Maastrichtian-Paleocene is recognized along the neotethyan coasts, and occasional dispersals across this ocean were possible. Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp. may have colonized the Indian subcontinent by this time, or may represent an older diversification before the Gondwana breakup.
摘要在巴基斯坦南部信德省拉尼科特堡地区(拉尼科特群)发现了早古新世Khadro组底部的大型龟类化石。我们的朋友让-克洛德·雷吉研究过的那条巨蛇，就是在这个地层中发现的。这些龟类标本包括一个大的甲壳和一个壳碎片，属于冈瓦纳起源的Bothremydidae。从第一个标本中鉴定出一个新属和新种Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.， n. sp.，并以Jean-Claude Rage的名字命名。这是巴基斯坦南部首次报告的Bothremydidae。讨论了其与白垩纪和古新世代表的亲缘关系。壳的形状、前质鳞片图案和明显的装饰等特征的关联是该分类群的特征，尽管有一些相似之处，但可以排除与Taphrosphyini和Carteremys类群的密切系统发育亲缘关系;其他记录良好的双雌虫也被排除在外。贝壳碎片，也有强烈的装饰，是不确定的。在巴基斯坦古新世早期发现的两个新的沿海双颊龙标本填补了我们对该科认识的地理和地层空白，该科自非洲大陆早白垩纪以来就为人所知，在世界上多样化，直到中新世的新特提斯沉积。在马斯特里赫特-古新世期间，沿着新特提斯海岸发现了一种特别的多样化，偶尔也可能分散在这片海洋上。Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.， n. sp.可能在这个时候已经殖民了印度次大陆，或者可能代表了冈瓦纳大陆分裂之前更古老的多样化。
{"title":"First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications","authors":"France de Lapparent de Broin, G. Métais, A. Bartolini, I. A. Brohi, R. A. Lashari, Laurent Marivaux, D. Merle, Mashooque Ali Warar, S. H. Solangi","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a25","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We report the discovery of remains of a large chelonian from the base of the early Paleocene Khadro Formation exposed in the Ranikot Fort area (Ranikot Group, Sindh Province, Southern Pakistan). This formation already yielded the snake Gigantophis Andrews, 1901, studied by our friend Jean-Claude Rage. The chelonian specimens consist of a large carapace and a shell fragment of Bothremydidae, a family of Gondwanan origin. A new genus and species, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp. is identified from the first specimen and named in honor of Jean-Claude Rage. It is the first report of a Bothremydidae in Southern Pakistan. Its affinities with Cretaceous and Paleocene representatives of the family are discussed. The association of characters such as the shape of the shell, anterior plastral scute pattern and strongly marked decoration characterize the taxon and, despite some similarities, allows excluding close phylogenetic affinities with Taphrosphyini and Carteremys group; other well-documented bothremydids are also excluded. The shell fragment, also strongly decorated, is left undetermined. The discovery of two new littoral bothremydid specimens in the early Paleocene of Pakistan fills a geographic and stratigraphic gap in our knowledge of the family, which is known since the continental early Cretaceous of Africa, diversifying in the world up to the Miocene deposits of the Neotethys. A particular diversification during the Maastrichtian-Paleocene is recognized along the neotethyan coasts, and occasional dispersals across this ocean were possible. Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp. may have colonized the Indian subcontinent by this time, or may represent an older diversification before the Gondwana breakup.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"1341 - 1363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47772645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a24
C. Psarras, E. Koskeridou, D. Merle
ABSTRACT Conidae is a diverse family of carnivorous marine gastropods. They rapidly diversified during the Miocene and now they inhabit tropical and subtropical seas. Here we attempt to provide the first inventory of fossil conids from the late Miocene of Crete (Greece). This paper deals with the genera Conilithes and Conus (Kalloconus) da Motta, 1991 and will be followed by papers presenting other genera of the family. Using UV light, we described the residual colour patterns of eleven species, of which three are new: Conilithes herodus n. sp., Conus (Kalloconus) helladicus n. sp and Conus (Kalloconus) asterousiaensis n. sp. One species is in open nomenclature: Conilithes sp.. Six species are first recorded in the late Miocene of Crete: Conilithes brezinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Conilithes striatulus (Brocchi, 1814), Conus (Kalloconus) neumayri Hoernes & Auinger, 1879, Conus (Kalloconus) hendricksi (Harzhauser & Landau, 2016), Conus (Kalloconus) gulemani Erünal-Erentöz, 1958 and Conus (Kalloconus) letkesensis (Harzhauser & Landau 2016). Conilithes antidiluvianus (Bruguière, 1792) is the only species already recorded by past Greek authors. Firstly, our study reveals that only two species are restricted to the late Miocene of Crete (Conilithes herodus n. sp. and Conus (Kalloconus) helladicus n. sp.). Secondly, we found deep relationships with the conid assemblage from the Langhian of Paratethys (six shared species). This result could be interpreted as a conid fauna, present and widely distributed since the Langhian-Serravallian in both the Paratethys and the eastern Proto-Mediterranean. This fauna disappeared from Paratethys during the Serravallian, but probably persisted in the eastern Proto-Mediterranean, as suggested by the relationships with the Serravallian of Turkey and the Tortonian of Crete (this work). On the other hand, the weak relationships with the late Neogene of Italy might be biased because, for the comparison with Italian faunas, we used works that illustrated Conidae without UV light.
{"title":"Late Miocene Conidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of Crete (Greece). Part 1: genera Conilithes Swainson, 1840 and Conus (Kalloconus) da Motta, 1991","authors":"C. Psarras, E. Koskeridou, D. Merle","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a24","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conidae is a diverse family of carnivorous marine gastropods. They rapidly diversified during the Miocene and now they inhabit tropical and subtropical seas. Here we attempt to provide the first inventory of fossil conids from the late Miocene of Crete (Greece). This paper deals with the genera Conilithes and Conus (Kalloconus) da Motta, 1991 and will be followed by papers presenting other genera of the family. Using UV light, we described the residual colour patterns of eleven species, of which three are new: Conilithes herodus n. sp., Conus (Kalloconus) helladicus n. sp and Conus (Kalloconus) asterousiaensis n. sp. One species is in open nomenclature: Conilithes sp.. Six species are first recorded in the late Miocene of Crete: Conilithes brezinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Conilithes striatulus (Brocchi, 1814), Conus (Kalloconus) neumayri Hoernes & Auinger, 1879, Conus (Kalloconus) hendricksi (Harzhauser & Landau, 2016), Conus (Kalloconus) gulemani Erünal-Erentöz, 1958 and Conus (Kalloconus) letkesensis (Harzhauser & Landau 2016). Conilithes antidiluvianus (Bruguière, 1792) is the only species already recorded by past Greek authors. Firstly, our study reveals that only two species are restricted to the late Miocene of Crete (Conilithes herodus n. sp. and Conus (Kalloconus) helladicus n. sp.). Secondly, we found deep relationships with the conid assemblage from the Langhian of Paratethys (six shared species). This result could be interpreted as a conid fauna, present and widely distributed since the Langhian-Serravallian in both the Paratethys and the eastern Proto-Mediterranean. This fauna disappeared from Paratethys during the Serravallian, but probably persisted in the eastern Proto-Mediterranean, as suggested by the relationships with the Serravallian of Turkey and the Tortonian of Crete (this work). On the other hand, the weak relationships with the late Neogene of Italy might be biased because, for the comparison with Italian faunas, we used works that illustrated Conidae without UV light.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"1309 - 1339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45263209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a23
Feixiang Wu, Mee-mann Chang, P. Janvier
ABSTRACT Lampreys, one of the remaining two living jawless vertebrates, carry great weight in the study of vertebrate evolution. They have a long history dating back to the Devonian but left a scarce fossil record. So far, only five unequivocal fossil lampreys have been described, of which four are Paleozoic. Mesomyzon Chang, Zhang & Miao, 2006, the only known Mesozoic lamprey bridging the Paleozoic and extant relatives, was originally considered similar in morphology and life history to modern forms. Although being repeatedly referred to in early vertebrate phylogeny, the morphology of Mesomyzon is far from adequately known. Based on extensive investigations on numerous new and well-preserved specimens, we present herein more details of the morphology of this fossil lamprey, thereby releasing a package of new information of the cranial nerves, some associated structures of the oral disc, and the naso-hypophysial complex, which are barely preserved in previously known fossil lampreys. Mesomyzon shows peculiarities in having an extremely long anterior dorsal fin and a ribbon-like preanal skin fold, and hence being restored in a distinct profile from the formerly claimed look. Additionally, it shares with some Southern Hemispheric species the widely separated dorsal fins, posteriorly positioned cloaca and enlarged oral papillae. In the light of these new data, the feeding ecology of Mesomyzon was tentatively discussed and this fossil lamprey was considered a likely blood feeder, judging from the reinforcement of the attachment and sensory structures on the periphery of the oral disc.
{"title":"A new look at the Cretaceous Lamprey Mesomyzon Chang, Zhang & Miao, 2006 from the Jehol Biota","authors":"Feixiang Wu, Mee-mann Chang, P. Janvier","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lampreys, one of the remaining two living jawless vertebrates, carry great weight in the study of vertebrate evolution. They have a long history dating back to the Devonian but left a scarce fossil record. So far, only five unequivocal fossil lampreys have been described, of which four are Paleozoic. Mesomyzon Chang, Zhang & Miao, 2006, the only known Mesozoic lamprey bridging the Paleozoic and extant relatives, was originally considered similar in morphology and life history to modern forms. Although being repeatedly referred to in early vertebrate phylogeny, the morphology of Mesomyzon is far from adequately known. Based on extensive investigations on numerous new and well-preserved specimens, we present herein more details of the morphology of this fossil lamprey, thereby releasing a package of new information of the cranial nerves, some associated structures of the oral disc, and the naso-hypophysial complex, which are barely preserved in previously known fossil lampreys. Mesomyzon shows peculiarities in having an extremely long anterior dorsal fin and a ribbon-like preanal skin fold, and hence being restored in a distinct profile from the formerly claimed look. Additionally, it shares with some Southern Hemispheric species the widely separated dorsal fins, posteriorly positioned cloaca and enlarged oral papillae. In the light of these new data, the feeding ecology of Mesomyzon was tentatively discussed and this fossil lamprey was considered a likely blood feeder, judging from the reinforcement of the attachment and sensory structures on the periphery of the oral disc.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"1293 - 1307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43096017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a22
Raphäel Vasseur, B. Lathuilière
ABSTRACT Late Liassic in the Western Tethys has been the cradle of Middle and Late Jurassic diversity of corals. This is what revised and enhanced taxonomy of corals from Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages reveals. The current new taxonomic study of Pliensbachian corals describes 66 species distributed in 41 genera and 20 identified families. It includes four new genera: Podosmilia n. gen., Tubulosmilia n. gen., Prismastrea n. gen. and Spongiocoenia n. gen.; and 20 new species: Axosmilia amellagouensis n. sp., Apocladophyllia guigouensis n. sp., Coryphyllia bicuneiformis n. sp., Coryphyllia capillaria n. sp., Proleptophyllia calix n. sp., Proleptophyllia magna n. sp., Proleptophyllia subphaceloida n. sp., Fungiaphyllia praecursor n. sp., F. rotunda n. sp., Margarosmilia dividenda n. sp., Paravolzeia calabrensis n. sp., Distichophyllia pauciseptata n. sp., Retiophyllia zizensis n. sp., Epismiliopsis paraeudesi n. sp., Phacelostylophyllum mg. arbustulum n. sp., Podosmilia horologium n. gen., n. sp., Stylophyllopsis bovista n. sp., S. veracolumella n. sp., Tubulosmilia regularis n. gen., n. sp. and Prismastrea organum n. gen., n. sp. So many new species appear surprising at first sight considering the special attention paid in this study to the correction of species diversity overestimations that took place in the literature of the last century as a consequence of a typological approach. Many taxa previously considered extinct at T-J boundary were still living during Pliensbachian times, various genera are known only for Pliensbachian. In addition, a small number of genera namely Isastrea, Montlivaltia and Thamnasteria have their first occurrence during this stage. Despite their low abundance during Pliensbachian, these genera will significantly increase their part in Middle and Upper Jurassic communities. Most collected coral assemblages come from both reefs and level-bottom assemblages found in carbonate platform situation.
{"title":"Pliensbachian corals from the Western Tethys","authors":"Raphäel Vasseur, B. Lathuilière","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a22","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Late Liassic in the Western Tethys has been the cradle of Middle and Late Jurassic diversity of corals. This is what revised and enhanced taxonomy of corals from Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages reveals. The current new taxonomic study of Pliensbachian corals describes 66 species distributed in 41 genera and 20 identified families. It includes four new genera: Podosmilia n. gen., Tubulosmilia n. gen., Prismastrea n. gen. and Spongiocoenia n. gen.; and 20 new species: Axosmilia amellagouensis n. sp., Apocladophyllia guigouensis n. sp., Coryphyllia bicuneiformis n. sp., Coryphyllia capillaria n. sp., Proleptophyllia calix n. sp., Proleptophyllia magna n. sp., Proleptophyllia subphaceloida n. sp., Fungiaphyllia praecursor n. sp., F. rotunda n. sp., Margarosmilia dividenda n. sp., Paravolzeia calabrensis n. sp., Distichophyllia pauciseptata n. sp., Retiophyllia zizensis n. sp., Epismiliopsis paraeudesi n. sp., Phacelostylophyllum mg. arbustulum n. sp., Podosmilia horologium n. gen., n. sp., Stylophyllopsis bovista n. sp., S. veracolumella n. sp., Tubulosmilia regularis n. gen., n. sp. and Prismastrea organum n. gen., n. sp. So many new species appear surprising at first sight considering the special attention paid in this study to the correction of species diversity overestimations that took place in the literature of the last century as a consequence of a typological approach. Many taxa previously considered extinct at T-J boundary were still living during Pliensbachian times, various genera are known only for Pliensbachian. In addition, a small number of genera namely Isastrea, Montlivaltia and Thamnasteria have their first occurrence during this stage. Despite their low abundance during Pliensbachian, these genera will significantly increase their part in Middle and Upper Jurassic communities. Most collected coral assemblages come from both reefs and level-bottom assemblages found in carbonate platform situation.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"1187 - 1291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46940222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-19DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a23
S. Klopfstein
ABSTRACT With an estimated 100 000 extant species, Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are more specious than all vertebrates together. However, only 288 fossil species have been described to date, with hundreds more awaiting formal description in palaeontological collections. One of the largest gaps in our knowledge concerns the c. 12 million years between the K-PG mass extinction and the late Ypresian, from which only two species have been formally described, including Pimpla stigmatica Henriksen, 1922 from the Danish Fur Formation (c. 55 Ma). I here redescribe and reclassify this species in the genus Epitheronia Gupta, 1962 and describe nine new species from this fossil locality that are consistent with a placement in Pimplinae: Crusopimpla collina n. sp., C. elongata n. sp., C. minuta n. sp., C. rettigi n. sp., C. violina n. sp., Theronia? furensis n. sp., T. nigriscutum n. sp., Xanthopimpla ciboisae n. sp., and X. crescendae n. sp. The diagnosis of the genus Crusopimpla Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein, 2018 is amend in the light of the new species. By comparing the preserved colouration between and within specimens of different species, we draw conclusions about the taxonomic usefulness of colour patterns observed in Fur Formation ichneumonids. The number of described species of pimpline parasitoid wasps from Fur is very high when compared to any other fossil deposit, but low with respect to numbers of extant species. Further study and excavation of Fur ichneumonids will certainly reveal an even higher diversity. RÉSUMÉ Une grande diversité de guêpes parasitoïdes Pimplinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) trouvée dans l'Éocène basal de la Formation de Fur (Danemark). Estimées à près de 100 000 espèces, les guêpes parasitoïdes de la famille des Ichneumonidae sont aujourd'hui plus diversifiées que l'ensemble des vertébrés. Cependant, seulement 288 espèces sont actuellement décrites dans le registre fossile. Plusieurs centaines de nouvelles espèces attendent donc dans les collections paléontologiques pour une description formelle. L'une des lacunes temporelles les plus importantes concerne les 12 millions d'années suivant la crise du Crétacé-Paléogène, jusqu'à la fin de l'Yprésien. Seulement deux espèces y sont scientifiquement décrites, dont Pimpla stigmatica Henriksen, 1922 de la Formation danoise de Fur (c. 55 Ma). Nous redécrivons ici et reclassifions cette espèce au sein du genre Epitheronia Gupta, 1962 et décrivons neuf nouvelles espèces issues de cette Formation au sein des Pimplinae: Crusopimpla collina n. sp., C. elongata n. sp., C. minuta n. sp., C. rettigi n. sp., C. violina n. sp., Theronia? furensis n. sp., T. nigriscutum n. sp., Xanthopimpla ciboisae n. sp. et X. crescendae n. sp. La diagnose du genre Crusopimpla Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein, 2018 est amendée grâce aux données des nouvelles espèces décrites. En comparant la coloration préservée au sein même d'un spécimen ou entre spécimens d'une même espèce et de différentes espèces, no
{"title":"High diversity of pimpline parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from the lowermost Eocene Fur Formation (Denmark)","authors":"S. Klopfstein","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With an estimated 100 000 extant species, Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are more specious than all vertebrates together. However, only 288 fossil species have been described to date, with hundreds more awaiting formal description in palaeontological collections. One of the largest gaps in our knowledge concerns the c. 12 million years between the K-PG mass extinction and the late Ypresian, from which only two species have been formally described, including Pimpla stigmatica Henriksen, 1922 from the Danish Fur Formation (c. 55 Ma). I here redescribe and reclassify this species in the genus Epitheronia Gupta, 1962 and describe nine new species from this fossil locality that are consistent with a placement in Pimplinae: Crusopimpla collina n. sp., C. elongata n. sp., C. minuta n. sp., C. rettigi n. sp., C. violina n. sp., Theronia? furensis n. sp., T. nigriscutum n. sp., Xanthopimpla ciboisae n. sp., and X. crescendae n. sp. The diagnosis of the genus Crusopimpla Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein, 2018 is amend in the light of the new species. By comparing the preserved colouration between and within specimens of different species, we draw conclusions about the taxonomic usefulness of colour patterns observed in Fur Formation ichneumonids. The number of described species of pimpline parasitoid wasps from Fur is very high when compared to any other fossil deposit, but low with respect to numbers of extant species. Further study and excavation of Fur ichneumonids will certainly reveal an even higher diversity. RÉSUMÉ Une grande diversité de guêpes parasitoïdes Pimplinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) trouvée dans l'Éocène basal de la Formation de Fur (Danemark). Estimées à près de 100 000 espèces, les guêpes parasitoïdes de la famille des Ichneumonidae sont aujourd'hui plus diversifiées que l'ensemble des vertébrés. Cependant, seulement 288 espèces sont actuellement décrites dans le registre fossile. Plusieurs centaines de nouvelles espèces attendent donc dans les collections paléontologiques pour une description formelle. L'une des lacunes temporelles les plus importantes concerne les 12 millions d'années suivant la crise du Crétacé-Paléogène, jusqu'à la fin de l'Yprésien. Seulement deux espèces y sont scientifiquement décrites, dont Pimpla stigmatica Henriksen, 1922 de la Formation danoise de Fur (c. 55 Ma). Nous redécrivons ici et reclassifions cette espèce au sein du genre Epitheronia Gupta, 1962 et décrivons neuf nouvelles espèces issues de cette Formation au sein des Pimplinae: Crusopimpla collina n. sp., C. elongata n. sp., C. minuta n. sp., C. rettigi n. sp., C. violina n. sp., Theronia? furensis n. sp., T. nigriscutum n. sp., Xanthopimpla ciboisae n. sp. et X. crescendae n. sp. La diagnose du genre Crusopimpla Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein, 2018 est amendée grâce aux données des nouvelles espèces décrites. En comparant la coloration préservée au sein même d'un spécimen ou entre spécimens d'une même espèce et de différentes espèces, no","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"44 1","pages":"645 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47731729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a21
L. O’Dogherty, J. Caulet, P. Dumitrică, Noritoshi Suzuki
ABSTRACT This catalogue provides the most complete and revised work of Cenozoic genera as of December 2019. It is the result of four exhausting years of collaborative work. The first radiolarian genus was described in 1834 by Meyen, so this revision covers 185 years of research on polycystine radiolarians. Additionally, it concludes a pharaonic research project on the taxonomy of all described genera of radiolarians that started fifteen years ago. The main objective was to provide radiolarian researchers with a modern and revised version of the Campbell's work accessible to everyone in an open access journal. This catalogue is organized as a series of plates displaying the images of the type species consisting of all available images of the name-bearing type for the generic names in the Cenozoic Era. This catalogue encompasses extensive information in a very limited space. There are a total of 1683 revised genera. All valid genera provided appear with a diagnosis and an additional support image which is included to ensure the identification of the genus. This catalogue is somewhat different from previous issues on this thematic series. For this reason, it is recommended that the reader refer to the “guide for the users” for a comprehensible reading of the catalogue and to understand the taxonomic acts adopted in this revision. At the end of the plates, the reader will find a set of synthetic figures that display the most important result of this revision project, a result of 409 valid genera. Since numerous taxa of Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg and Ernst Haeckel had no fixed holotype, 207 lectotypes and 7 paralectotype were chosen and designated here from the series of syntypes. 11 neotypes were also designated for taxa that did not have syntypes.
本目录提供了截至2019年12月最完整和修订的新生代属作品。这是四年艰苦合作的结果。第一个放射虫属是由Meyen于1834年描述的，因此这次修订涵盖了185年来对多胱氨酸放射虫的研究。此外，它还结束了15年前开始的对所有已描述的放射虫属分类的法老研究项目。其主要目的是为放射虫研究人员提供一个现代的、经过修订的坎贝尔工作的版本，每个人都可以在一个开放获取的期刊上访问。本目录由一系列图版组成，展示模式物种的图像，包括新生代所有可获得的属名命名类型的图像。这份目录在非常有限的篇幅内包含了大量的信息。共修订属1683个。提供的所有有效属都带有诊断和附加支持图像，以确保属的识别。本目录与本专题系列的前几期有所不同。因此，建议读者参考“用户指南”，以便对目录进行理解阅读，并了解这次修订中采用的分类行为。在图版的最后，读者会发现一组合成图，显示了这个修订项目最重要的结果，409个有效属的结果。由于Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg和Ernst Haeckel的许多分类群没有固定的全型，这里从一系列的正型中选择并指定了207个正型和7个副正型。11个新型也被指定为没有模式的分类群。
{"title":"Catalogue of Cenozoic radiolarian genera (Class Polycystinea)","authors":"L. O’Dogherty, J. Caulet, P. Dumitrică, Noritoshi Suzuki","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a21","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This catalogue provides the most complete and revised work of Cenozoic genera as of December 2019. It is the result of four exhausting years of collaborative work. The first radiolarian genus was described in 1834 by Meyen, so this revision covers 185 years of research on polycystine radiolarians. Additionally, it concludes a pharaonic research project on the taxonomy of all described genera of radiolarians that started fifteen years ago. The main objective was to provide radiolarian researchers with a modern and revised version of the Campbell's work accessible to everyone in an open access journal. This catalogue is organized as a series of plates displaying the images of the type species consisting of all available images of the name-bearing type for the generic names in the Cenozoic Era. This catalogue encompasses extensive information in a very limited space. There are a total of 1683 revised genera. All valid genera provided appear with a diagnosis and an additional support image which is included to ensure the identification of the genus. This catalogue is somewhat different from previous issues on this thematic series. For this reason, it is recommended that the reader refer to the “guide for the users” for a comprehensible reading of the catalogue and to understand the taxonomic acts adopted in this revision. At the end of the plates, the reader will find a set of synthetic figures that display the most important result of this revision project, a result of 409 valid genera. Since numerous taxa of Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg and Ernst Haeckel had no fixed holotype, 207 lectotypes and 7 paralectotype were chosen and designated here from the series of syntypes. 11 neotypes were also designated for taxa that did not have syntypes.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"709 - 1185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41649721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a20
Àngel H. Luján, A. Čerňanský, I. Bonilla-Salomón, J. Březina, M. Ivanov
ABSTRACT Fossil turtles from Mokrá-Quarry, South Moravia Region, Czech Republic, are described in this paper. Remains come from two already known karstic fissures uncovered in Mokrá-Western Quarry (1/2001 Turtle Joint and 2/2003 Reptile Joint), as well as three new karstic fissures from Mokrá-Western Quarry (TC/2001 and 4/2018) and Mokrá-Central Quarry (3/2005). All localities correspond to the early Miocene (Burdigalian: late Eggenburgian-Ottnangian MN4). The newly described material belongs to several turtle individuals, including over 100 shell elements, so the material studied here constitutes one of the largest samples in regards of the Czech Republic fossil record. Most of these remains have been identified as Ptychogaster (Ptychogaster) sp. and Testudo (Chersine) cf. kalksburgensis Toula, 1896. However, three specimens presented here (i.e., one shell fragment and two postcranial bones) have been identified as a large tortoise (Testudinidae indet.). Turtle fauna is congruent with two ecological environments, including a dry karst landscape with open to dense steppe vegetation inferred for the heliophile testudinids, as well as freshwater masses to the semi-terrestrial ptychogasterid. Finally, this paper expands our knowledge of fossil turtle assemblages in Central Europe during the early Miocene.
{"title":"Fossil turtles from the early Miocene localities of Mokrá-Quarry (Burdigalian, MN4), South Moravian Region, Czech Republic","authors":"Àngel H. Luján, A. Čerňanský, I. Bonilla-Salomón, J. Březina, M. Ivanov","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a20","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fossil turtles from Mokrá-Quarry, South Moravia Region, Czech Republic, are described in this paper. Remains come from two already known karstic fissures uncovered in Mokrá-Western Quarry (1/2001 Turtle Joint and 2/2003 Reptile Joint), as well as three new karstic fissures from Mokrá-Western Quarry (TC/2001 and 4/2018) and Mokrá-Central Quarry (3/2005). All localities correspond to the early Miocene (Burdigalian: late Eggenburgian-Ottnangian MN4). The newly described material belongs to several turtle individuals, including over 100 shell elements, so the material studied here constitutes one of the largest samples in regards of the Czech Republic fossil record. Most of these remains have been identified as Ptychogaster (Ptychogaster) sp. and Testudo (Chersine) cf. kalksburgensis Toula, 1896. However, three specimens presented here (i.e., one shell fragment and two postcranial bones) have been identified as a large tortoise (Testudinidae indet.). Turtle fauna is congruent with two ecological environments, including a dry karst landscape with open to dense steppe vegetation inferred for the heliophile testudinids, as well as freshwater masses to the semi-terrestrial ptychogasterid. Finally, this paper expands our knowledge of fossil turtle assemblages in Central Europe during the early Miocene.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"691 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46572904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a19
E. Syromyatnikova, A. Tesakov, V. Titov
ABSTRACT A new record of the genus Naja Laurenti, 1768 is described from the latest Miocene of Solnechnodolsk locality in Russia. It is assigned to N. romani (Hoffstetter, 1939), the largest European cobra, which disappeared in Europe before the end of the Miocene. The record of N. romani is the first evidence of the survival of cobras to the latest Miocene of Eastern Europe, which points to the existence of a Caucasian refugium during the late Miocene. The large size of the vertebra of the cobra from Solnechnodolsk indicates that it belonged to one of the largest specimens of this taxon. Naja romani from Solnechnodolsk represents the first record of cobras in Russia and the Northern Black Sea area, contributing to the knowledge of ancient biodiversity of the region and suggesting a wider range for the genus. Naja romani was a thermophilous snake that indicates a subtropical character of the Solnechnodolsk fauna.
{"title":"Naja romani (Hoffstetter, 1939) (Serpentes: Elapidae) from the late Miocene of the Northern Caucasus: the last East European large cobra","authors":"E. Syromyatnikova, A. Tesakov, V. Titov","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a19","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new record of the genus Naja Laurenti, 1768 is described from the latest Miocene of Solnechnodolsk locality in Russia. It is assigned to N. romani (Hoffstetter, 1939), the largest European cobra, which disappeared in Europe before the end of the Miocene. The record of N. romani is the first evidence of the survival of cobras to the latest Miocene of Eastern Europe, which points to the existence of a Caucasian refugium during the late Miocene. The large size of the vertebra of the cobra from Solnechnodolsk indicates that it belonged to one of the largest specimens of this taxon. Naja romani from Solnechnodolsk represents the first record of cobras in Russia and the Northern Black Sea area, contributing to the knowledge of ancient biodiversity of the region and suggesting a wider range for the genus. Naja romani was a thermophilous snake that indicates a subtropical character of the Solnechnodolsk fauna.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"683 - 689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45439542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a18
Abdus Saboor, J. Ahmad, Suleman Khan, K. Latif, Abuzar Khan, Arbab T. Haider
ABSTRACT The sedimentary strata were sampled in the lesser Himalayas to probe paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary in the eastern Tethys. The study provides an integrated lithologic and bio-sequence stratigraphic analysis, leading to paleoecology and paleoenvironmental interpretations. The planktic foraminiferal limestone of the late Cretaceous is overlain by lateritic sandstones and sandy foraminiferal limestones, the latter being of Paleocene age. Though the deposition of cretaceous strata mainly occurred in transgressive and high stand system tracts, the top of cretaceous is marked by type-I sequence boundary and low stand system tract, corresponding to the Paleocene Hangu Formation. Deposits below the K-Pg boundary zone interval have been correlated to the late Cenomanian Rotalipora reichel biozone to early Campanian Globotruncana ventricosa zone, with absence of Maastrichtian fauna. A marked change in fauna above the K-Pg boundary zone interval has been observed and manifested by presence of larger benthic foraminifera such as Lockhartia Davies, 1932 and Globanomalina Haque, 1956 genera. The boundary occurs at the contrasting inter-facial contact of the two rock units and advocates an early lowered sea-levels or dead ocean model. An organic bed of late Turonian-early Coniacian corresponds to the probable presence of the OAE3 and could represent a missing link in the late Cretaceous of lesser Himalayas in the Pakistani domain. Prior to the K-Pg event and Indo-Eurasian collision, an influx of siliciclastics suggests a major episode of uplift and shortening caused by ophiolite obduction or magmatic upwelling during the Campanian. The subsequent erosion and its re-deposition shaped the platform, evolving it from relatively steeper ramp geometry in the Campanian to gentler epeiric ramp in the Selandian and Thanetian, and triggered deposition of shallow ramp larger benthic foraminiferal facies. The boundary is similar in nature with erosional phase in the whole region but its duration was prolonged in the study section and its upper limit has some regional changes. As finding of this study, the late Cretaceous “Nara Sandstone Member” of the Kawagarh Formation in Hazara area of earlier workers could be revised as Paleocene Hangu Formation.
{"title":"Foraminiferal biostratigraphy, facies and sequence stratigraphy analysis across the K-Pg Boundary in Hazara, Lesser Himalayas (Dhudial Section)","authors":"Abdus Saboor, J. Ahmad, Suleman Khan, K. Latif, Abuzar Khan, Arbab T. Haider","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a18","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The sedimentary strata were sampled in the lesser Himalayas to probe paleoenvironmental changes across the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary in the eastern Tethys. The study provides an integrated lithologic and bio-sequence stratigraphic analysis, leading to paleoecology and paleoenvironmental interpretations. The planktic foraminiferal limestone of the late Cretaceous is overlain by lateritic sandstones and sandy foraminiferal limestones, the latter being of Paleocene age. Though the deposition of cretaceous strata mainly occurred in transgressive and high stand system tracts, the top of cretaceous is marked by type-I sequence boundary and low stand system tract, corresponding to the Paleocene Hangu Formation. Deposits below the K-Pg boundary zone interval have been correlated to the late Cenomanian Rotalipora reichel biozone to early Campanian Globotruncana ventricosa zone, with absence of Maastrichtian fauna. A marked change in fauna above the K-Pg boundary zone interval has been observed and manifested by presence of larger benthic foraminifera such as Lockhartia Davies, 1932 and Globanomalina Haque, 1956 genera. The boundary occurs at the contrasting inter-facial contact of the two rock units and advocates an early lowered sea-levels or dead ocean model. An organic bed of late Turonian-early Coniacian corresponds to the probable presence of the OAE3 and could represent a missing link in the late Cretaceous of lesser Himalayas in the Pakistani domain. Prior to the K-Pg event and Indo-Eurasian collision, an influx of siliciclastics suggests a major episode of uplift and shortening caused by ophiolite obduction or magmatic upwelling during the Campanian. The subsequent erosion and its re-deposition shaped the platform, evolving it from relatively steeper ramp geometry in the Campanian to gentler epeiric ramp in the Selandian and Thanetian, and triggered deposition of shallow ramp larger benthic foraminiferal facies. The boundary is similar in nature with erosional phase in the whole region but its duration was prolonged in the study section and its upper limit has some regional changes. As finding of this study, the late Cretaceous “Nara Sandstone Member” of the Kawagarh Formation in Hazara area of earlier workers could be revised as Paleocene Hangu Formation.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"663 - 682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47869812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-09DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a17
M. Augé, Michaël Dion, A. Phélizon
ABSTRACT Here we describe the lizard fauna from the locality of Montchenot (Paris Basin, late Paleocene, MP6). This material can be allocated to five major clades: Scincoidea, Lacertoidea (?Lacertidae), Amphisbaenia, Anguimorpha (?Anguidae and Shinisauridae). The assemblage from Monchenot is dominated by small lizard specimens and appears as highly sorted. Predation could produce such biased assemblages. The composition of the lizard fauna from Monchenot is rather similar to those of Cernay-lès-Reims and Rivecourt, two coeval localities (MP6) in the Paris Basin. However, these faunas sharply contrast (in diversity and composition) with the lizard fauna found in the early Eocene of the same area (Paris Basin and Belgian Basin). These differences highlight the impact of the Paleocene/Eocene transition on the lizard fauna of Europe.
本文描述了巴黎盆地晚古新世Montchenot地区的蜥蜴区系。这些材料可划分为五个主要分支:蛇尾科，蛇尾科(?Lacertidae)，两栖科，蛇尾科(?鳗鲡科和蝇蛆科)。蒙奇诺的组合以小型蜥蜴标本为主，似乎高度分类。捕食可能会产生这种有偏见的组合。蒙奇诺的蜥蜴动物群组成与巴黎盆地两个同时期的地点(MP6) cernay - l -兰斯-兰斯和Rivecourt相当相似。然而，这些动物群在多样性和组成上与同一地区(巴黎盆地和比利时盆地)始新世早期发现的蜥蜴动物群形成鲜明对比。这些差异突出了古新世/始新世过渡对欧洲蜥蜴动物群的影响。
{"title":"The lizard (Reptilia, Squamata) assemblage from the Paleocene of Montchenot (Paris Basin, MP6)","authors":"M. Augé, Michaël Dion, A. Phélizon","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a17","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Here we describe the lizard fauna from the locality of Montchenot (Paris Basin, late Paleocene, MP6). This material can be allocated to five major clades: Scincoidea, Lacertoidea (?Lacertidae), Amphisbaenia, Anguimorpha (?Anguidae and Shinisauridae). The assemblage from Monchenot is dominated by small lizard specimens and appears as highly sorted. Predation could produce such biased assemblages. The composition of the lizard fauna from Monchenot is rather similar to those of Cernay-lès-Reims and Rivecourt, two coeval localities (MP6) in the Paris Basin. However, these faunas sharply contrast (in diversity and composition) with the lizard fauna found in the early Eocene of the same area (Paris Basin and Belgian Basin). These differences highlight the impact of the Paleocene/Eocene transition on the lizard fauna of Europe.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"645 - 661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46582848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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