Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a16
F. Holwerda, O. Rauhut, D. Pol
ABSTRACT Middle Jurassic sauropod taxa are poorly known, due to a stratigraphic bias of localities yielding body fossils. One such locality is Cerro Cóndor North, Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina, dated to latest Early–Middle Jurassic. From this locality, the holotype of Patagosaurus fariasi Bonaparte 1986 is revised. The material consists of the axial skeleton, the pelvic girdle, and the right femur. Patagosaurus is mainly characterised by a combination of features mainly identified on the axial skeleton, including the following: 1) cervical centra with low Elongation Index; 2) high projection of the postzygodiapophyseal lamina; 3) deep anterior pleurocoels that are sometimes compartmentalized in cervicals; 4) high projection of the neural arch and spine in dorsal vertebrae and anterior(most) caudal vertebrae; 5) deep pneumatic foramina in posterior dorsals which connect into an internal pneumatic chamber; and 6) anterior caudal vertebrae with ‘saddle’ shaped neural spines. Diagnostic features on the appendicular skeleton include: 1) a transversely wide and anteroposteriorly short femur; 2) a medial placement of the fourth trochanter on the femur; and 3) an anteroposteriorly elongated ilium with a rounded dorsal rim, with hook-shaped anterior lobe. The characters that are diagnostic for Patagosaurus are discussed, and the osteology of Patagosaurus is compared to that of Early and Middle Jurassic (eu)sauropods from both Laurasia and Gondwana.
{"title":"Osteological revision of the holotype of the Middle Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Patagosaurus fariasi Bonaparte, 1979 (Sauropoda: Cetiosauridae)","authors":"F. Holwerda, O. Rauhut, D. Pol","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a16","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Middle Jurassic sauropod taxa are poorly known, due to a stratigraphic bias of localities yielding body fossils. One such locality is Cerro Cóndor North, Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina, dated to latest Early–Middle Jurassic. From this locality, the holotype of Patagosaurus fariasi Bonaparte 1986 is revised. The material consists of the axial skeleton, the pelvic girdle, and the right femur. Patagosaurus is mainly characterised by a combination of features mainly identified on the axial skeleton, including the following: 1) cervical centra with low Elongation Index; 2) high projection of the postzygodiapophyseal lamina; 3) deep anterior pleurocoels that are sometimes compartmentalized in cervicals; 4) high projection of the neural arch and spine in dorsal vertebrae and anterior(most) caudal vertebrae; 5) deep pneumatic foramina in posterior dorsals which connect into an internal pneumatic chamber; and 6) anterior caudal vertebrae with ‘saddle’ shaped neural spines. Diagnostic features on the appendicular skeleton include: 1) a transversely wide and anteroposteriorly short femur; 2) a medial placement of the fourth trochanter on the femur; and 3) an anteroposteriorly elongated ilium with a rounded dorsal rim, with hook-shaped anterior lobe. The characters that are diagnostic for Patagosaurus are discussed, and the osteology of Patagosaurus is compared to that of Early and Middle Jurassic (eu)sauropods from both Laurasia and Gondwana.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"575 - 643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15
Noritoshi Suzuki, L. O’Dogherty, J. Caulet, P. Dumitrică
ABSTRACT A revised taxonomy of Cenozoic radiolarian families is of particular importance because exhaustive molecular phylogenetic analyses for Collodaria, Entactinaria, Nassellaria and Spumellaria have shown high level of confidence at family or higher taxonomic ranks. In this sense, this study presents a new comprehensive taxonomy at the family level that integrated a classification based on ribosomal taxonomic marker genes (rDNA) and classical morphological taxonomy. However, many family names commonly used in Cenozoic radiolarians (Polycystinea) are derived from genera whose type species were never illustrated at the time of the generic definition. Obviously, in the vast majority of those cases, the “Principle of Typification” regulated in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999: Art. 61) cannot be logically applied. This has contributed to a century-long misunderstanding about the validity of Cenozoic taxa (species, genera and/or family-group names) erected without any illustration or drawing of their types, in particular the huge contribution of Ernst Haeckel from samples of the Challenger expedition (1872-1876). Reexamination of Haeckel's collection definitively confirmed that all the original types series (the specimens on which Haeckel established the nominal species-group taxon) being nonextant; in other words, all name-bearing specimens (the types) are restricted to the illustrations given in Haeckel's drawings. Because “types” in taxonomy are precious things, a nominal species-group taxon lacking at all of illustration (or indication to a repository) do not ensure the recognition of the species. Following the rules and recommendations of the ICZN, these names should be excluded from all nomenclatorial and taxonomical acts. This revision presents the state of the art of all proposed family-group names (with full synonymy lists) for Cenozoic Polycystinea. The list of family-group nominal taxa and their names was inventoried from 6694 publications (89% of the whole known references on radiolarians). The references were examined in order to clarify and fix the status of family names; hence these family-group names were rigidly classified as: valid, junior synonym, nomen dubium, nomen nudum, homonym, and invalid names. A total of 372 family-group names were proposed for the Cenozoic. These consist of 94 valid family-groups, 118 junior synonym family-groups, 111 nomen dubium family-groups (mainly artificially created in a hypothetical conceptual framework), 6 junior homonym family-groups, 19 nomen nudum family-groups, as well as 24 invalid names. In addition, one nomen novum et four new families are presented. The description of 25 families have been also emended. This study also outlines the advantages of an integrated approach to taxonomy of Polycystinea by the combination of both morphological and molecular systematics. Based on molecular phylogenetic studies, the systematic classification proposed at suprageneric le
{"title":"A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) – suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts","authors":"Noritoshi Suzuki, L. O’Dogherty, J. Caulet, P. Dumitrică","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A revised taxonomy of Cenozoic radiolarian families is of particular importance because exhaustive molecular phylogenetic analyses for Collodaria, Entactinaria, Nassellaria and Spumellaria have shown high level of confidence at family or higher taxonomic ranks. In this sense, this study presents a new comprehensive taxonomy at the family level that integrated a classification based on ribosomal taxonomic marker genes (rDNA) and classical morphological taxonomy. However, many family names commonly used in Cenozoic radiolarians (Polycystinea) are derived from genera whose type species were never illustrated at the time of the generic definition. Obviously, in the vast majority of those cases, the “Principle of Typification” regulated in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999: Art. 61) cannot be logically applied. This has contributed to a century-long misunderstanding about the validity of Cenozoic taxa (species, genera and/or family-group names) erected without any illustration or drawing of their types, in particular the huge contribution of Ernst Haeckel from samples of the Challenger expedition (1872-1876). Reexamination of Haeckel's collection definitively confirmed that all the original types series (the specimens on which Haeckel established the nominal species-group taxon) being nonextant; in other words, all name-bearing specimens (the types) are restricted to the illustrations given in Haeckel's drawings. Because “types” in taxonomy are precious things, a nominal species-group taxon lacking at all of illustration (or indication to a repository) do not ensure the recognition of the species. Following the rules and recommendations of the ICZN, these names should be excluded from all nomenclatorial and taxonomical acts. This revision presents the state of the art of all proposed family-group names (with full synonymy lists) for Cenozoic Polycystinea. The list of family-group nominal taxa and their names was inventoried from 6694 publications (89% of the whole known references on radiolarians). The references were examined in order to clarify and fix the status of family names; hence these family-group names were rigidly classified as: valid, junior synonym, nomen dubium, nomen nudum, homonym, and invalid names. A total of 372 family-group names were proposed for the Cenozoic. These consist of 94 valid family-groups, 118 junior synonym family-groups, 111 nomen dubium family-groups (mainly artificially created in a hypothetical conceptual framework), 6 junior homonym family-groups, 19 nomen nudum family-groups, as well as 24 invalid names. In addition, one nomen novum et four new families are presented. The description of 25 families have been also emended. This study also outlines the advantages of an integrated approach to taxonomy of Polycystinea by the combination of both morphological and molecular systematics. Based on molecular phylogenetic studies, the systematic classification proposed at suprageneric le","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"405 - 573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71086991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a14
J. Gardner, A. Villa, S. Colombero, M. Venczel, M. Delfino
ABSTRACT Albanerpetontids are an extinct clade of superficially salamander-like lissamphibians that range from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)-Early Pleistocene and have a primarily Laurasian distribution. The best Cenozoic record for the clade is in Europe, where two species in the type genus Albanerpeton Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976 occur in over 40 localities of early Oligocene-Early Pleistocene age in Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, and Serbia. From the post-evaporitic Messinian (5.41-5.33 Ma or latest Miocene) succession at Moncucco Torinese, in the Piedmont Basin, northwestern Italy, here we describe isolated albanerpetontid jaws and vertebrae referable to A. pannonicum Venczel & Gardner, 2005. This Italian occurrence extends the temporal record for A. pannonicum from the Early Pleistocene and Pliocene back into the latest Miocene and it narrows the temporal gap between that species and its European congener, A. inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976 (early Oligocene-late Miocene).
Albanerpetontids是中侏罗世(Bathonian)-早更新世(early Pleistocene)的一种已灭绝的表面似蝾螈的无尾两栖动物分支，主要分布于月牙区。该分支最好的新生代记录是在欧洲，在奥地利、捷克共和国、法国、德国、匈牙利、意大利和塞尔维亚的早渐新世-早更新世时期的40多个地点，有两个模式属Albanerpeton Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976年的两个物种。本文从意大利西北部皮埃蒙特盆地Moncucco Torinese的后蒸发期(5.41-5.33 Ma或中新世晚期)演代中，描述了参考A. pannonicum Venczel & Gardner, 2005的孤立的albanerpetontid颚骨和椎骨。意大利的这一发现将A. pannonicum的时间记录从早更新世和上新世延伸到中新世晚期，并缩小了该物种与其欧洲同系物A. inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976(早渐新世-晚中新世)之间的时间差距。
{"title":"A Messinian (latest Miocene) occurrence for Albanerpeton Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976 (Lissamphibia: Albanerpetontidae) at Moncucco Torinese, Piedmont Basin, northwestern Italy, and a review of the European Cenozoic record for albanerpetontids","authors":"J. Gardner, A. Villa, S. Colombero, M. Venczel, M. Delfino","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a14","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Albanerpetontids are an extinct clade of superficially salamander-like lissamphibians that range from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)-Early Pleistocene and have a primarily Laurasian distribution. The best Cenozoic record for the clade is in Europe, where two species in the type genus Albanerpeton Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976 occur in over 40 localities of early Oligocene-Early Pleistocene age in Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, and Serbia. From the post-evaporitic Messinian (5.41-5.33 Ma or latest Miocene) succession at Moncucco Torinese, in the Piedmont Basin, northwestern Italy, here we describe isolated albanerpetontid jaws and vertebrae referable to A. pannonicum Venczel & Gardner, 2005. This Italian occurrence extends the temporal record for A. pannonicum from the Early Pleistocene and Pliocene back into the latest Miocene and it narrows the temporal gap between that species and its European congener, A. inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976 (early Oligocene-late Miocene).","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"391 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42092882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a13
F. Gedik, L. Karadenizli
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the Oligocene successions that contain predominantly siliciclastic, limestones with larger benthic foraminifera in the Burdur Basin of southwest Anatolia, Turkey. The Burdur-1 and Burdur-2 sections in the Oligocene deposits are described sedimentologically and were sampled for lithology, biostratigraphy, microfacies analysis and fossil content. Larger benthic foraminifera were mainly recovered from limestones in the upper part of the Burdur-2 section. Thin-section analysis of the larger benthic foraminiferal assemblage reveals that the upper part of the Burdur-2 section includes Nummulites fichteli Michelotti, 1841, Operculina complanata (Defrance, 1822), Nephrolepidina praemarginata (Douvillé, 1908), Eulepidina sp., Planorbulina sp., Amphistegina sp., and Asterigerina sp. This foraminiferal association represents the Shallow Benthic Foraminifera Zone 22 (SBZ 22) of Rupelian-early Chattian age. Sedimentological analysis in the Burdur-1 and Burdur-2 sections has revealed an association of massive-unorganized conglomerate, parallel-bedded sandstone, massive mudstone, graded-massive conglomerate, graded-massive sandstone, well-sorted organized conglomerate, well-sorted parallel-bedded sandstone and microfossil-bearing parallel-bedded limestone facies. Alluvial fan /river, fan-delta, beach and shallow shelf carbonate facies communities were identified by lateral and vertical correlation of facies. It is concluded that the large Burdur Fan developed in a graben basin that opened and was flooded by a branch of the Tethyan Ocean that invaded southwest Anatolia during the Oligocene.
{"title":"Oligocene larger benthic foraminifera and sedimentation of the Burdur Basin, SW Anatolia, Turkey","authors":"F. Gedik, L. Karadenizli","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study focuses on the Oligocene successions that contain predominantly siliciclastic, limestones with larger benthic foraminifera in the Burdur Basin of southwest Anatolia, Turkey. The Burdur-1 and Burdur-2 sections in the Oligocene deposits are described sedimentologically and were sampled for lithology, biostratigraphy, microfacies analysis and fossil content. Larger benthic foraminifera were mainly recovered from limestones in the upper part of the Burdur-2 section. Thin-section analysis of the larger benthic foraminiferal assemblage reveals that the upper part of the Burdur-2 section includes Nummulites fichteli Michelotti, 1841, Operculina complanata (Defrance, 1822), Nephrolepidina praemarginata (Douvillé, 1908), Eulepidina sp., Planorbulina sp., Amphistegina sp., and Asterigerina sp. This foraminiferal association represents the Shallow Benthic Foraminifera Zone 22 (SBZ 22) of Rupelian-early Chattian age. Sedimentological analysis in the Burdur-1 and Burdur-2 sections has revealed an association of massive-unorganized conglomerate, parallel-bedded sandstone, massive mudstone, graded-massive conglomerate, graded-massive sandstone, well-sorted organized conglomerate, well-sorted parallel-bedded sandstone and microfossil-bearing parallel-bedded limestone facies. Alluvial fan /river, fan-delta, beach and shallow shelf carbonate facies communities were identified by lateral and vertical correlation of facies. It is concluded that the large Burdur Fan developed in a graben basin that opened and was flooded by a branch of the Tethyan Ocean that invaded southwest Anatolia during the Oligocene.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"377 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49027802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The oldest known condylarth fauna of the Tertiary of South America comes from basal Palaeocene strata of the Santa Lucia Formation at Tiupampa (Bolivia). It includes five genera and seven species: Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus minutus, T. cotasi n. sp., T. robustus n. sp., Pucanodus gagnieri, Andinodus boliviensis, and Simoclaenus sylvaticus, n. gen., n. sp. This work presents a thorough revision of all the fossils previously described, which are interpreted in the light of recently discovered specimens including materials belonging to three new taxa. The sample contains 33 jaws and 43 isolated teeth. The Tiupampa condylarths are included in the Kollpaniinae Marshall, Case & Woodburne, 1990 (= Molinodinae Bonaparte, Van Valen & Kramartz, 1993), a subfamily of the Mioclaenidae (Kollpania tiupampina Marshall & Muizon, 1988, the type species of the type genus of the Kollpaniidae Marshall, Case & Woodburne, 1990 is regarded as a junior synonym of Tiuclaenus minutus Muizon & Marshall, 1987). Some of the taxa (e.g., Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus cotasi) are well represented and the cheek dentition of the former is almost completely known. However, other genera such as Andinodus and Simoclaenus are still poorly known (a few lower teeth only in the case of Andinodus). Because of their scant representation, their position within the Kollpaniinae still has to be confirmed by the discovery of new specimens, especially upper molars of Andinodus. The Tiupampa condylarths are clearly related to the North American Mioclaenidae, although it is not possible to securely relate them to a specific genus. They share with the North American taxa the following derived characters when compared to Protungulatum: bulbous cusps, the apices of which are approximated in occlusal view; protocone enlarged; stylar shelf greatly reduced or lost; styles reduced and tending to be aligned with para- and metacristae; paraconid appressed against metaconid; entoconid and hypoconulid connate to fused, and forming an obliquely oriented posterolingual crest. The major characteristics of the Kollpaniinae are: metaconid well posterior to protoconid, strongly inflated, and invading the talonid basin posteriorly; loss of the entocristid; hypoconid extremely inflated, occupying at least the medial half of the talonid (generally more); talonid basin reduced to an obliquely oriented groove that is widely opened lingually; posterior slope of the hypoconulid of m3 less convex than in the other mioclaenids. The Kollpaniinae (Tiupampa condylarths and Escribania) are also regarded as closely related to the Didolodontidae and Litopterna (especially the Protolipternidae). The key synapomorphy of the three groups is the morphology and development of the paracristid, which is narrower than half the width of the trigonid, deeply arched posteriorly, projected anteriorly, and attaching on the anterior to anterolingual side of the proto- and paraconids. Study of the Tiupampa condylarths confirms that the So
已知南美洲第三纪最古老的尖牙动物群来自Tiupampa(玻利维亚)的Santa Lucia组的古新世基底地层。包括Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus minutus, T. cotasi n. sp, T. robustus n. sp, Pucanodus gagnieri, Andinodus boliviensis, simmoclaenus sylvaticus, n. gen.， n. sp. 5属7种。本工作对以前所描述的所有化石进行了彻底的修订，并根据最近发现的标本(包括属于三个新分类群的材料)进行了解释。该样本包含33个颌骨和43个独立的牙齿。Tiupampa髁棘鱼被包括在Kollpaniinae Marshall, Case & Woodburne, 1990 (= Molinodinae Bonaparte, Van Valen & Kramartz, 1993)中，是Mioclaenidae的一个亚科(Kollpania tiupampina Marshall & Muizon, 1988，是Kollpaniidae Marshall模式属的模式种，Case & Woodburne, 1990被认为是Tiuclaenus minutus Muizon & Marshall, 1987)。其中一些分类群(如Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus cotasi)很有代表性，前者的颊齿几乎完全已知。然而，其他属如Andinodus和Simoclaenus仍然知之甚少(仅在Andinodus的情况下有几颗下牙)。由于它们的代表性不足，它们在科尔帕尼亚科中的地位仍然需要通过新标本的发现来证实，特别是安德纳多斯的上磨牙。Tiupampa尖锐骨与北美的Mioclaenidae有明显的关系，尽管不可能将它们与一个特定的属有把握地联系起来。它们与北美分类群相比，具有下列派生特征:球根状尖，其顶端在咬合角度上近似;protocone放大;柱架大大减少或丢失;花柱减少并且倾向于与旁和中嵴对齐;副体表贴于后体表;内圆锥和下圆锥合生到融合，形成斜向的舌后嵴。Kollpaniinae的主要特征是:后锥体远落后于原锥体，膨胀强烈，向塔隆盆地后侵;内胚层的丧失;下圆锥突极度膨胀，至少占据距骨的中间半部(通常更多);塔罗尼盆地缩小为斜向沟，在舌上大开;m3的下圆锥的后斜度比其他圆锥的后斜度小。kolpaniinae (Tiupampa condylarths和Escribania)也被认为与Didolodontidae和Litopterna(特别是protoolipternidae)密切相关。这三个类群的关键突触形态是旁突的形态和发育，其宽度小于三角肌宽度的一半，后深弓状，前突出，连接于原和旁突的前舌侧。对Tiupampa尖锐骨的研究证实，南美洲的Didolodontidae和Litopterna起源于北美的Mioclaenidae。简约分析确定了该分支的单系性，包括北美小齿猴科、kolpaniinae(南美小齿猴科)、Didolodontidae和Litopterna。这个分支被正式指定为哺乳动物的一个新目，Panameriungulata。
{"title":"The \"condylarths\" (archaic Ungulata, Mammalia) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia): implications on the origin of the South American ungulates [X27465] Matrix Muizon and Cifelli 2000","authors":"C. Muizon, R. Cifelli","doi":"10.7934/X27465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7934/X27465","url":null,"abstract":"The oldest known condylarth fauna of the Tertiary of South America comes from basal Palaeocene strata of the Santa Lucia Formation at Tiupampa (Bolivia). It includes five genera and seven species: Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus minutus, T. cotasi n. sp., T. robustus n. sp., Pucanodus gagnieri, Andinodus boliviensis, and Simoclaenus sylvaticus, n. gen., n. sp. This work presents a thorough revision of all the fossils previously described, which are interpreted in the light of recently discovered specimens including materials belonging to three new taxa. The sample contains 33 jaws and 43 isolated teeth. The Tiupampa condylarths are included in the Kollpaniinae Marshall, Case & Woodburne, 1990 (= Molinodinae Bonaparte, Van Valen & Kramartz, 1993), a subfamily of the Mioclaenidae (Kollpania tiupampina Marshall & Muizon, 1988, the type species of the type genus of the Kollpaniidae Marshall, Case & Woodburne, 1990 is regarded as a junior synonym of Tiuclaenus minutus Muizon & Marshall, 1987). Some of the taxa (e.g., Molinodus suarezi, Tiuclaenus cotasi) are well represented and the cheek dentition of the former is almost completely known. However, other genera such as Andinodus and Simoclaenus are still poorly known (a few lower teeth only in the case of Andinodus). Because of their scant representation, their position within the Kollpaniinae still has to be confirmed by the discovery of new specimens, especially upper molars of Andinodus. The Tiupampa condylarths are clearly related to the North American Mioclaenidae, although it is not possible to securely relate them to a specific genus. They share with the North American taxa the following derived characters when compared to Protungulatum: bulbous cusps, the apices of which are approximated in occlusal view; protocone enlarged; stylar shelf greatly reduced or lost; styles reduced and tending to be aligned with para- and metacristae; paraconid appressed against metaconid; entoconid and hypoconulid connate to fused, and forming an obliquely oriented posterolingual crest. The major characteristics of the Kollpaniinae are: metaconid well posterior to protoconid, strongly inflated, and invading the talonid basin posteriorly; loss of the entocristid; hypoconid extremely inflated, occupying at least the medial half of the talonid (generally more); talonid basin reduced to an obliquely oriented groove that is widely opened lingually; posterior slope of the hypoconulid of m3 less convex than in the other mioclaenids. The Kollpaniinae (Tiupampa condylarths and Escribania) are also regarded as closely related to the Didolodontidae and Litopterna (especially the Protolipternidae). The key synapomorphy of the three groups is the morphology and development of the paracristid, which is narrower than half the width of the trigonid, deeply arched posteriorly, projected anteriorly, and attaching on the anterior to anterolingual side of the proto- and paraconids. Study of the Tiupampa condylarths confirms that the So","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"22 1","pages":"47-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44896553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-03DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a12
J. Steyer, B. Peecook, Thomas Arbez, S. Nesbitt, S. Tolan, M. Stocker, Roger M. H. Smith, K. Angielczyk, C. Sidor
ABSTRACT Temnospondyl specimens collected recently in the Middle-?Late Triassic of the Ruhuhu (Tanzania) and Luangwa (Zambia) rift basins are described and figured. They are attributed to cf. Cherninia megarhina (Chernin & Cosgriff, 1975), Mastodonsauroidea indet., Stereospondyli indet., and cf. Stereospondyli, as well as intercentra of small adult individual(s) which may belong to a new taxon. Although fragmentary, this new material allows taxonomic updates to the Triassic temnospondyl assemblages of Tanzania and Zambia and documents an interesting phylogenetic and ecological diversity. For example, among the Triassic mastodonsauroids of Zambia, Cherninia megarhina coexisted with Stanocephalosaurus pronus (Howie, 1970) in nonmarine environments. Similar to that of the South African Karoo Basin, these temnospondyl assemblages also illustrate the rapid recovery of the group after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction and contribute to a better understanding of the impact of this extinction on the tetrapod faunas of southern Pangea.
{"title":"New data on the Triassic temnospondyls from the Karoo rift basins of Tanzania and Zambia","authors":"J. Steyer, B. Peecook, Thomas Arbez, S. Nesbitt, S. Tolan, M. Stocker, Roger M. H. Smith, K. Angielczyk, C. Sidor","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a12","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Temnospondyl specimens collected recently in the Middle-?Late Triassic of the Ruhuhu (Tanzania) and Luangwa (Zambia) rift basins are described and figured. They are attributed to cf. Cherninia megarhina (Chernin & Cosgriff, 1975), Mastodonsauroidea indet., Stereospondyli indet., and cf. Stereospondyli, as well as intercentra of small adult individual(s) which may belong to a new taxon. Although fragmentary, this new material allows taxonomic updates to the Triassic temnospondyl assemblages of Tanzania and Zambia and documents an interesting phylogenetic and ecological diversity. For example, among the Triassic mastodonsauroids of Zambia, Cherninia megarhina coexisted with Stanocephalosaurus pronus (Howie, 1970) in nonmarine environments. Similar to that of the South African Karoo Basin, these temnospondyl assemblages also illustrate the rapid recovery of the group after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction and contribute to a better understanding of the impact of this extinction on the tetrapod faunas of southern Pangea.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"365 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43250992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11
É. Steurbaut, D. Nolf
ABSTRACT Re-excavation of the famous Mont-des-Récollets quarry in northern France and re-interpretation of the adjacent Cassel borehole have led to the reconstruction of one of the most complete Upper Ypresian and Lutetian stratigraphic successions of the southern North Sea Basin. It includes the entire suite of formations and members, from the top of the Hyon Sand Formation (top NP12) to the base of the Maldegem Formation (mid-NP15), originally defined in central Belgium, extending the lateral distribution of most of these units up to northern France. The similarity in lithofacies and calcareous nannofossil assemblages and the identification of in situ specimens of Nummulites laevigatus (Bruguière, 1792) and Campanile giganteum (Lamarck, 1804) at the Mont-des-Récollets bear witness to direct north-south connections between the Belgian Basin and the Paris Basin during Biochron NP14 and early Biochron NP15. However, direct connections have only been intermittent. During late Biochron NP12 and Biochron NP13, both basins became disconnected because of lowering of the global sea level in combination with uplift of the Paris Basin. The massively reworked large-sized N. laevigatus and the presence of N. laevigatus-bearing sandstone blocks and lignitic pebbles at the base of the Lede Formation indicate a major erosion phase at the NP14-NP15 Biochron transition in the Belgian Basin. This was probably due to uplift of the Brabant Massif. The new Mont-des-Récollets data, including the introduction of a new genus (Luminocanthus n. gen.) and ten new species (Blackites minusculus n. sp., Blackites praeinflatus n. sp., Luminocanthus eolutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Luminocanthus plenilutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Martiniaster cecellanoriae n. sp., Nannoturba joceliniae n. sp., Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp., Sphenolithus recolletensis n. sp., Trochoaster nodosus n. sp. and Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.) have allowed to substantially refine the calcareous nannofossil stratigraphy. The subdivision of Zone NP13 into 3 subzones (NP13-a to NP13-c) as well as the major nannofossil turnover at the base of Zone NP14 and the nine nannofossil-events within Zone NP14 have been recognised throughout the Belgian Basin. Several of these have been recorded in the Paris Basin, the Hampshire Basin and the Aquitaine Basin, highlighting their interbasinal correlation potential. The nannofossil data provide for the first time evidence that the base of the ‘Chaumont-en-Vexin sands' (term informally introduced herein to designate the base of the historical Lutetian stratotype) and the base of Unit A4 in the upper Aalter Sand Fomation are coeval or nearly coeval. This is also the case for the base of the overlying units, the ‘Glauconie Grossière s.s.' (as redefined in the Paris Basin by Blondeau in 1980) and the Brussel Sand Formation (‘Bruxellian' as originally defined in Belgium by Dumont in 1839). This investigation and its continuation, detailed in a forthcoming study of the
{"title":"The Mont-des-Récollets section (N France): a key site for the Ypresian-Lutetian transition at mid-latitudes – reassessment of the boundary criterion for the base-Lutetian GSSP","authors":"É. Steurbaut, D. Nolf","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Re-excavation of the famous Mont-des-Récollets quarry in northern France and re-interpretation of the adjacent Cassel borehole have led to the reconstruction of one of the most complete Upper Ypresian and Lutetian stratigraphic successions of the southern North Sea Basin. It includes the entire suite of formations and members, from the top of the Hyon Sand Formation (top NP12) to the base of the Maldegem Formation (mid-NP15), originally defined in central Belgium, extending the lateral distribution of most of these units up to northern France. The similarity in lithofacies and calcareous nannofossil assemblages and the identification of in situ specimens of Nummulites laevigatus (Bruguière, 1792) and Campanile giganteum (Lamarck, 1804) at the Mont-des-Récollets bear witness to direct north-south connections between the Belgian Basin and the Paris Basin during Biochron NP14 and early Biochron NP15. However, direct connections have only been intermittent. During late Biochron NP12 and Biochron NP13, both basins became disconnected because of lowering of the global sea level in combination with uplift of the Paris Basin. The massively reworked large-sized N. laevigatus and the presence of N. laevigatus-bearing sandstone blocks and lignitic pebbles at the base of the Lede Formation indicate a major erosion phase at the NP14-NP15 Biochron transition in the Belgian Basin. This was probably due to uplift of the Brabant Massif. The new Mont-des-Récollets data, including the introduction of a new genus (Luminocanthus n. gen.) and ten new species (Blackites minusculus n. sp., Blackites praeinflatus n. sp., Luminocanthus eolutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Luminocanthus plenilutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Martiniaster cecellanoriae n. sp., Nannoturba joceliniae n. sp., Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp., Sphenolithus recolletensis n. sp., Trochoaster nodosus n. sp. and Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.) have allowed to substantially refine the calcareous nannofossil stratigraphy. The subdivision of Zone NP13 into 3 subzones (NP13-a to NP13-c) as well as the major nannofossil turnover at the base of Zone NP14 and the nine nannofossil-events within Zone NP14 have been recognised throughout the Belgian Basin. Several of these have been recorded in the Paris Basin, the Hampshire Basin and the Aquitaine Basin, highlighting their interbasinal correlation potential. The nannofossil data provide for the first time evidence that the base of the ‘Chaumont-en-Vexin sands' (term informally introduced herein to designate the base of the historical Lutetian stratotype) and the base of Unit A4 in the upper Aalter Sand Fomation are coeval or nearly coeval. This is also the case for the base of the overlying units, the ‘Glauconie Grossière s.s.' (as redefined in the Paris Basin by Blondeau in 1980) and the Brussel Sand Formation (‘Bruxellian' as originally defined in Belgium by Dumont in 1839). This investigation and its continuation, detailed in a forthcoming study of the","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"311 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49419922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-06DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a10
Thomas Laville, J. Haug, C. Haug
ABSTRACT Thylacocephala is an enigmatic ingroup of Euarthropoda. Thylacocephalans, only known from Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossils, are characterized by a particular anatomy: a prominent folded shield enveloping most of the body, large compound eyes, three pairs of large, presumably raptorial appendages and a trunk with 8-22 stout segments bearing swimming appendages. However, lifestyle(s) and phylogenetic relationships of Thylacocephala are still largely unknown. This study is focused on thylacocephalans from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte (c. 307 Ma, Middle Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous). A new species is described from a siderite concretion of Mazon Creek: Eodollocaris keithflinti n. gen., n. sp. The new species displays a particular mixture of characters typical for Palaeozoic species on the one hand and Mesozoic species on the other hand. Additionally, new details of the appendages and of the trunk are provided for already known species from the same locality, namely Concavicaris georgeorum Schram, 1990 and Convexicaris mazonensis Schram, 1990. These new informations are helpful to better understand the possible lifestyle of these representatives of Thylacocephala.
{"title":"New species of Thylacocephala, Eodollocaris keithflinti n. gen., n. sp., from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte, Illinois, United States (c. 307 Ma) and redescription of other Mazon Creek thylacocephalans","authors":"Thomas Laville, J. Haug, C. Haug","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a10","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Thylacocephala is an enigmatic ingroup of Euarthropoda. Thylacocephalans, only known from Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossils, are characterized by a particular anatomy: a prominent folded shield enveloping most of the body, large compound eyes, three pairs of large, presumably raptorial appendages and a trunk with 8-22 stout segments bearing swimming appendages. However, lifestyle(s) and phylogenetic relationships of Thylacocephala are still largely unknown. This study is focused on thylacocephalans from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte (c. 307 Ma, Middle Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous). A new species is described from a siderite concretion of Mazon Creek: Eodollocaris keithflinti n. gen., n. sp. The new species displays a particular mixture of characters typical for Palaeozoic species on the one hand and Mesozoic species on the other hand. Additionally, new details of the appendages and of the trunk are provided for already known species from the same locality, namely Concavicaris georgeorum Schram, 1990 and Convexicaris mazonensis Schram, 1990. These new informations are helpful to better understand the possible lifestyle of these representatives of Thylacocephala.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"295 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49547182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-22DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a9
G. Georgalis, A. Čerňanský, Jozef Klembara
ABSTRACT A long-forgotten, old collection of lizards from the Phosphorites du Quercy in southern France, housed in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna (NHMW), is described in detail in this paper. The material, consisting of several almost complete cranial and postcranial disarticulated elements, originates from different, imprecisely known localities. Nevertheless, the completeness and exceptional preservation of many of these specimens permitted the identification of new taxa, as well as the recognition and better understanding of novel anatomical features of previously described forms. Among the specimens, the material described herein and referred to Cadurcogekko cf. piveteaui ranks among the most complete cranial remains of Paleogene gekkotans. A clarification about the type material of the previously described species Cadurcogekko verus Bolet, Daza, Augé & Bauer, 2015, is provided. A new species of lacertids is established, Pseudeumeces kyrillomethodicus n. sp. Additional, large lacertid material is referred to Mediolacerta Augé, 2005, representing also the largest one attributable to this genus. At least two glyptosaurine taxa are present in this collection, among which, the genus Paraplacosauriops Augé & Sullivan, 2006, is represented by exceptional cranial material, referred to Paraplacosauriops quercyi (Filhol, 1882). The completeness of the cranial material of Paraplacosauriops permits a more comprehensive understanding of its maxillary and mandibular anatomy. A detailed documentation of cranial and postcranial material for the genus Palaeovaranus Zittel, 1887-1890, is conducted. The new maxilla described herein allows a better understanding of the peculiar maxillary features of the genus Palaeovaranus. Emended diagnoses are provided for the genus Palaeovaranus and its type species Palaeovaranus cayluxi Zittel, 1887-1890. The parietal morphology of Palaeovaranus is analyzed in detail and intraspecific variation in this element is assessed. A new species of Palaeovaranus is established, Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp., on the basis of an almost complete parietal that can be differentiated from that of Palaeovaranus cayluxi on the basis of a number of distinctive features. Additional, previously published specimens from Quercy are here referred to Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp., representing younger individuals of this species, and photographs of this material is provided for the first time. The diversity of platynotans in the Paleogene of Europe is discussed and their distinction on the basis of parietal morphology is provided. According to the new emended diagnosis for Palaeovaranus, the genus Melanosauroides Kuhn, 1940, is revalidated herein to accommodate Melanosauroides giganteus Kuhn, 1940, from the late early or middle Eocene of Geiseltal, Germany. So far, Melanosauroides giganteus is solely known from its type area in Geiseltal, and all previously supposed occurrences of this taxon in Quercy are discarded. Abundant anguim
本文详细介绍了一组被遗忘已久的古老蜥蜴，这些蜥蜴来自法国南部维也纳自然历史博物馆(NHMW)的凯尔西磷矿(Phosphorites du Quercy)。该材料由几个几乎完整的颅骨和颅骨后分离的元素组成，来自不同的，不精确的已知位置。尽管如此，许多标本的完整和特殊的保存使得新的分类群的鉴定，以及对先前描述的形式的新的解剖特征的认识和更好的理解成为可能。在这些标本中，本文所描述的材料(称为Cadurcogekko cf. piveteaui)是最完整的古近系壁虎头骨遗骸之一。对先前描述的物种Cadurcogekko verus Bolet (Daza, auge&bauer, 2015)的类型材料进行了澄清。建立了一新种，pseudoumeces kyrillomethodicus n. sp.。另外，大型的lacertid材料被引用到Mediolacerta aug， 2005，这也是该属中最大的一个。至少有两个glytosaurus分类群出现在这个集合中，其中，Paraplacosauriops aug & Sullivan, 2006，由特殊的颅骨材料代表，称为Paraplacosauriops quercyi (Filhol, 1882)。副placosa龙颅骨材料的完整性使我们对其上颌和下颌解剖结构有了更全面的了解。对1887-1890年古氏古蜥蜴属(Palaeovaranus Zittel)的颅骨和颅骨后材料进行了详细的记录。本文描述的新上颌骨有助于更好地理解古瓦龙属的特殊上颌骨特征。对1887 ~ 1890年的古瓦兰纳斯属及其模式种古瓦兰纳斯cayluxi Zittel进行了订正诊断。本文详细分析了古varanus的顶骨形态，并对该元素的种内变异进行了评估。在一个几乎完整的顶骨的基础上，建立了一个新种，Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp.，该顶骨可以根据许多独特的特征与Palaeovaranus cayluxi的顶骨区分开来。另外，以前在Quercy发表的标本在这里被称为Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp.，代表了该物种的年轻个体，并且首次提供了这些材料的照片。讨论了欧洲古近系长颈兽的多样性，并根据顶骨形态对其进行了区分。根据新修订的古varanus诊断，本文将Melanosauroides Kuhn, 1940重新确认为Melanosauroides giganteus Kuhn, 1940，来自德国Geiseltal早始新世晚期或中始新世。到目前为止，人们只从Geiseltal的类群区了解到Melanosauroides giganteus，而所有之前认为在Quercy出现的类群都被抛弃了。丰富的舌形椎体材料是指Placosaurus sp.， Melanosaurini indet。;安圭纳;，古varanus sp.， Saniwa sp.和Anguimorpha indet。，但强调应谨慎考虑其中的某些情况。特别地，讨论了来自Quercy的某些大型孤立蜥蜴椎骨的问题;有人提出，在1848-1852年的古瓦龙属和热尔韦Placosaurus之间存在一种初步的、潜在的椎骨区别，尽管无可否认，只有这些属的关节骨骼可以证实或反驳这种分类参考。本文强调了来自奎尔西磷岩地区的鳞片化石的重要性。通过摄影和显微ct扫描的方法对标本进行了详细的描绘，并给出了最重要材料的三维模型。这是首次对来自Quercy的化石鳞片进行显微ct扫描。本文提供的许多图形可作为欧洲古近系蜥蜴化石的图形关键指南。
{"title":"Osteological atlas of new lizards from the Phosphorites du Quercy (France), based on historical, forgotten, fossil material","authors":"G. Georgalis, A. Čerňanský, Jozef Klembara","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a9","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A long-forgotten, old collection of lizards from the Phosphorites du Quercy in southern France, housed in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna (NHMW), is described in detail in this paper. The material, consisting of several almost complete cranial and postcranial disarticulated elements, originates from different, imprecisely known localities. Nevertheless, the completeness and exceptional preservation of many of these specimens permitted the identification of new taxa, as well as the recognition and better understanding of novel anatomical features of previously described forms. Among the specimens, the material described herein and referred to Cadurcogekko cf. piveteaui ranks among the most complete cranial remains of Paleogene gekkotans. A clarification about the type material of the previously described species Cadurcogekko verus Bolet, Daza, Augé & Bauer, 2015, is provided. A new species of lacertids is established, Pseudeumeces kyrillomethodicus n. sp. Additional, large lacertid material is referred to Mediolacerta Augé, 2005, representing also the largest one attributable to this genus. At least two glyptosaurine taxa are present in this collection, among which, the genus Paraplacosauriops Augé & Sullivan, 2006, is represented by exceptional cranial material, referred to Paraplacosauriops quercyi (Filhol, 1882). The completeness of the cranial material of Paraplacosauriops permits a more comprehensive understanding of its maxillary and mandibular anatomy. A detailed documentation of cranial and postcranial material for the genus Palaeovaranus Zittel, 1887-1890, is conducted. The new maxilla described herein allows a better understanding of the peculiar maxillary features of the genus Palaeovaranus. Emended diagnoses are provided for the genus Palaeovaranus and its type species Palaeovaranus cayluxi Zittel, 1887-1890. The parietal morphology of Palaeovaranus is analyzed in detail and intraspecific variation in this element is assessed. A new species of Palaeovaranus is established, Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp., on the basis of an almost complete parietal that can be differentiated from that of Palaeovaranus cayluxi on the basis of a number of distinctive features. Additional, previously published specimens from Quercy are here referred to Palaeovaranus lismonimenos n. sp., representing younger individuals of this species, and photographs of this material is provided for the first time. The diversity of platynotans in the Paleogene of Europe is discussed and their distinction on the basis of parietal morphology is provided. According to the new emended diagnosis for Palaeovaranus, the genus Melanosauroides Kuhn, 1940, is revalidated herein to accommodate Melanosauroides giganteus Kuhn, 1940, from the late early or middle Eocene of Geiseltal, Germany. So far, Melanosauroides giganteus is solely known from its type area in Geiseltal, and all previously supposed occurrences of this taxon in Quercy are discarded. Abundant anguim","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"219 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48294340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a8
Denis Audo, Norbert Winkler, S. Charbonnier
ABSTRACT Dendrobranchiate shrimps are abundant in Fossil-Lagerstätten (where fossils are exceptionally preserved). Despite their preservation, classifying them can be challenging as most diagnostic characters are based upon extant species. Penaeus natator Glaessner, 1945 (Late Cretaceous, Lebanon, Sahel Alma), is one of those cases in which the systematic assignment of the species can be difficult. It was assigned by “default” to Penaeus Fabricius, 1798, before being moved to Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905. The recent description of Pseudodrobna kenngotti Winkler, 2017 (Late Jurassic, Germany, Schernfeld, a Solnhofen-type Fossil-Lagerstätte) shows that Penaeus natator should be assigned to Pseudodrobna Winkler, 2017. This attests once again the similarity in composition of crustacean faunas between Late Jurassic Solnhofen-type Fossil-Lagerstätten and the Late Cretaceous Fossil-Lagerstätten of Lebanon. We also discuss the palaeoecological significance of bilobed eyes, which occur in three species from the Late Cretaceous of Sahel Alma: Pseudodrobna natator n. comb., Palaeobenthonectes arambourgi (Roger, 1946) and Palaeobenthesicymus libanensis (Brocchi, 1875). These eyes seem to have evolved convergently due to the deep-water and dim-light palaeoenvironment of these three shrimp species.
{"title":"Pseudodrobna natator n. comb., a new link between crustacean faunas from the Jurassic of Germany and Cretaceous of Lebanon","authors":"Denis Audo, Norbert Winkler, S. Charbonnier","doi":"10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a8","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dendrobranchiate shrimps are abundant in Fossil-Lagerstätten (where fossils are exceptionally preserved). Despite their preservation, classifying them can be challenging as most diagnostic characters are based upon extant species. Penaeus natator Glaessner, 1945 (Late Cretaceous, Lebanon, Sahel Alma), is one of those cases in which the systematic assignment of the species can be difficult. It was assigned by “default” to Penaeus Fabricius, 1798, before being moved to Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905. The recent description of Pseudodrobna kenngotti Winkler, 2017 (Late Jurassic, Germany, Schernfeld, a Solnhofen-type Fossil-Lagerstätte) shows that Penaeus natator should be assigned to Pseudodrobna Winkler, 2017. This attests once again the similarity in composition of crustacean faunas between Late Jurassic Solnhofen-type Fossil-Lagerstätten and the Late Cretaceous Fossil-Lagerstätten of Lebanon. We also discuss the palaeoecological significance of bilobed eyes, which occur in three species from the Late Cretaceous of Sahel Alma: Pseudodrobna natator n. comb., Palaeobenthonectes arambourgi (Roger, 1946) and Palaeobenthesicymus libanensis (Brocchi, 1875). These eyes seem to have evolved convergently due to the deep-water and dim-light palaeoenvironment of these three shrimp species.","PeriodicalId":55111,"journal":{"name":"Geodiversitas","volume":"43 1","pages":"209 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43012914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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