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Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Disorders 情绪调节是抑郁和焦虑症个体认知行为疗法中的一种正念机制
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9081139
Luise Pruessner, Christina Timm, Julia Kalmar, Hinrich Bents, Sven Barnow, Johannes Mander

Background. The global prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders underscores the need for a more profound comprehension of effective treatments. Mindfulness has shown promise in enhancing treatment outcomes and preventing relapse in these conditions, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methods. This study examined the role of emotion regulation as a mediator in the relationship between changes in mindfulness and the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms during individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). We tracked longitudinal changes in mindfulness, emotion regulation, depression, and anxiety at baseline (pre), early treatment (session 5), midtreatment (session 15), and posttreatment (session 25) in 162 patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Further, we examined whether the effects of mindfulness on emotion regulation could be enhanced by introducing a brief mindfulness intervention at the beginning of each CBT session, as compared to progressive muscle relaxation and individual psychotherapy without any standardized session-introducing interventions. Results. Multilevel structural equation modeling indicated that decreases in rumination and increases in reappraisal and acceptance mediated the relationship between mindfulness and reductions in depressive symptoms. In contrast, reductions in avoidance explained the association between mindfulness and changes in anxiety symptoms. These links remained unchanged when adding a mindfulness intervention into individual CBT. Conclusion. Results support emotion regulatory properties of mindfulness and highlight distinct pathways of symptom reduction in depression and anxiety. These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanisms of mindfulness and tailoring treatment to individual patient needs. This trial is registered with NTC02270073.

背景。抑郁症和焦虑症在全球的发病率突出表明,我们需要更深入地了解有效的治疗方法。正念在提高这些疾病的治疗效果和预防复发方面已显示出良好的前景,但人们对其潜在机制仍知之甚少。研究方法本研究探讨了在个体认知行为疗法(CBT)过程中,正念的变化与抑郁和焦虑症状的减轻之间的关系中,情绪调节所起的中介作用。我们追踪了 162 名抑郁症和焦虑症患者在基线(治疗前)、治疗初期(第 5 次治疗)、治疗中期(第 15 次治疗)和治疗后(第 25 次治疗)的正念、情绪调节、抑郁和焦虑的纵向变化。此外,我们还研究了在每个 CBT 疗程开始时引入简短的正念干预,与没有任何标准化疗程引入干预的渐进式肌肉放松和个体心理疗法相比,是否能增强正念对情绪调节的作用。研究结果多层次结构方程模型显示,反刍的减少以及重新评估和接受的增加在正念与抑郁症状减少之间起到了中介作用。相反,回避的减少则解释了正念与焦虑症状变化之间的关系。当在个别 CBT 中加入正念干预时,这些联系保持不变。结论研究结果支持正念的情绪调节特性,并强调了减少抑郁和焦虑症状的不同途径。这些发现对于了解正念的机制以及根据患者的个人需求进行治疗具有重要意义。本试验已注册为 NTC02270073。
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引用次数: 0
Heterogeneous Brain Atrophy Sites in Anxiety Disorders Map to a Common Brain Network 焦虑症中的异质性脑萎缩部位映射到一个共同的脑网络
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3827870
Yinian Yang, Wenqiang Xu, Yingru Wang, Hai Cao, Xiaoqing Yao, Ting Zhang, Xiaohui Xie, Qiang Hua, Wen Cheng, Longshan Shen, Kongliang He, Yanghua Tian, Kai Wang, Gong-Jun Ji

Background. Heterogeneous findings among anxiety disorder studies have hindered elucidation of the underlying pathophysiology and the development of mechanism-based therapies. Purpose. To determine whether structural MRI findings in anxiety disorder studies converge on a common network with therapeutic significance. Materials and Methods. In this retrospective study, a systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed to identify coordinates of gray matter atrophy in patients with anxiety disorder. Atrophy coordinates were then mapped to an anxiety network constructed from the resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data of 652 healthy participants using “coordinate network mapping” and validated by specificity tests. The causal association of this network to anxiety symptoms was tested in a cohort of patients with brain lesions and emergent anxiety symptoms. The potential therapeutic utility of this anxiety network was then assessed by examining the clinical efficacy of network-targeted repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) among a separate anxiety disorder cohort. Statistical analyses of images were performed using nonparametric tests and corrected for family-wise error. Results. Sixteen studies comprising 453 patients with anxiety (245 females; mean age ± [SD], 31.4 ± 8.71 years) and 460 healthy controls (238 females; 31.7 ± 10.08 years) were included in the analysis. Atrophy coordinates were mapped to an anxiety network with a hub region situated primarily within the superficial amygdala. Lesions associated with emergent anxiety symptoms exhibited stronger connectivity within this anxiety network than lesions not associated with anxiety (t = 2.99; P = .004). Moreover, the connectivity strength of rTMS targets in the anxiety network was correlated with the improvements of anxiety symptom after treatment (r = .42, P = .02). Conclusions. Heterogeneous gray matter atrophy among patients with anxiety disorder localize to a common network that may serve as an effective therapeutic target.

背景。焦虑症的研究结果各不相同,这阻碍了对潜在病理生理学的阐明和基于机制的疗法的开发。研究目的确定焦虑症研究中的结构性 MRI 发现是否趋同于一个具有治疗意义的共同网络。材料与方法。在这项回顾性研究中,我们对 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了系统的文献检索,以确定焦虑症患者灰质萎缩的坐标。然后,利用 "坐标网络映射 "将灰质萎缩坐标映射到从 652 名健康参与者的静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)数据中构建的焦虑网络,并通过特异性测试进行验证。该网络与焦虑症状的因果关系在一组脑损伤并出现焦虑症状的患者中进行了测试。然后,通过在一个单独的焦虑症群组中检测网络定向重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)的临床疗效,评估了该焦虑网络的潜在治疗作用。采用非参数检验对图像进行统计分析,并校正了家族误差。研究结果16项研究包括453名焦虑症患者(245名女性;平均年龄(±SD)为31.4±8.71岁)和460名健康对照者(238名女性;31.7±10.08岁)。萎缩坐标被映射到一个焦虑网络,其中心区域主要位于杏仁核浅层。与焦虑症状相关的病变比与焦虑无关的病变在该焦虑网络中表现出更强的连接性(t=2.99;P=.004)。此外,焦虑网络中经颅磁刺激目标的连接强度与治疗后焦虑症状的改善程度相关(r=.42,P=.02)。结论焦虑症患者灰质萎缩的异质性定位到一个共同的网络,该网络可作为有效的治疗目标。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Depression on Pain and Disability in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain after Physical Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial 抑郁对物理治疗后慢性腰痛患者疼痛和残疾的影响:随机对照试验的二次分析
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9065325
Rui Wang, Meng-Si Peng, Yi-Zu Wang, Pei-Jie Chen, Xue-Qiang Wang

Background. Depressive complications in chronic pain are detrimental to rehabilitation. This study was aimed at determining the influence of the presence of depressive symptoms on the efficacy of physical therapy among participants with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods. Data was collected from a randomized controlled trial on 113 participants with CLBP. Participants were reallocated into the depressed or nondepressed groups based on the 50-cutoff point of the self-rating depression scale. All patients received 60 min sessions of physical therapy twice a week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was back-related disability. Secondary outcomes included pain ratings, sleep quality, life quality, other psychological outcomes, and minimal clinically important differences. These outcomes were collected at baseline, 12, 26, and 52 weeks. Results. 31 (27.4%) were accompanied by depressive symptoms. At 12 weeks, the initial depression score was only associated with anxiety score (β = 1.196 [0.531 to 1.860], P = 0.001) and depression score (β = 0.742 [0.200 to 1.284], P = 0.009) in the depressed group, but the initial depression score was associated with anxiety score (β = 0.409 [0.138 to 0.681], P = 0.004), depression score (β = 0.920 [0.658 to 1.184], P < 0.001), sleep quality (β = 0.108 [0.018 to 0.199], P = 0.020), and pain anxiety (β = 0.465 [0.034 to 0.897], P = 0.035) and negatively associated with life quality (β = −0.815 [−1.267 to −0.363], P = 0.001) in the nondepressed group. Conclusions. Physical therapy is effective to CLBP with depressive symptoms. A higher initial depression score may weaken the efficacy of physical therapy in the nondepressed group. Depressive complications may adversely influence intervention efficacy for CLBP. This trial is registered with ChiCTR1800016396.

背景。慢性疼痛的抑郁并发症不利于康复。本研究旨在确定抑郁症状的存在对慢性腰背痛(CLBP)患者物理治疗效果的影响。研究方法从一项随机对照试验中收集了 113 名慢性腰背痛患者的数据。根据抑郁自评量表的 50 分界点,参与者被重新分配为抑郁组和非抑郁组。所有患者均接受每周两次、每次 60 分钟的物理治疗,为期 12 周。主要结果是背部相关残疾。次要结果包括疼痛评分、睡眠质量、生活质量、其他心理结果和最小临床重要性差异。这些结果分别在基线、12周、26周和52周时收集。结果31人(27.4%)伴有抑郁症状。12 周时,抑郁组的初始抑郁评分仅与焦虑评分(β=1.196 [0.531 至 1.860],P=0.001)和抑郁评分(β=0.742 [0.200 至 1.284],P=0.009)相关,但初始抑郁评分与焦虑评分(β=0.409 [0.138 至 0.681],P=0.004)、抑郁评分(β=0.920 [0.658 to 1.184],P<0.001)、睡眠质量(β=0.108 [0.018 to 0.199],P=0.020)和疼痛焦虑(β=0.465 [0.034 to 0.897],P=0.035),与生活质量负相关(β=-0.815 [-1.267 to -0.363],P=0.001)。结论物理治疗对伴有抑郁症状的慢性脑卒中有效。在非抑郁组中,较高的初始抑郁评分可能会削弱物理治疗的疗效。抑郁并发症可能会对CLBP的干预效果产生不利影响。本试验的注册号为ChiCTR1800016396。
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引用次数: 0
Inferring Depression and Its Semantic Underpinnings from Simple Lexical Choices 从简单的词汇选择中推断抑郁症及其语义基础
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3010831
Line Kruse, Roberta Rocca, Mikkel Wallentin

Spatial demonstratives are highly frequent linguistic universals, with at least two contrastive expressions (proximal (“this”) vs. distal (“that”)) indicating physical, social, or functional proximity of the speaker to the referent object. Recent evidence based on the Demonstrative Choice Task (DCT), in which participants couple words with a spatial demonstrative with no context provided, suggests that demonstrative use is also indicative of experienced or emotional proximity to the self in an imagined mental space. As depression is characterized by increased and maladaptive focus on the self, the DCT may be a simple and reliable way to elicit behaviors that enable inference on the presence of severe depressive states and allow descriptions of the semantic characteristics of individual differences in such states. In two independent cross-sectional studies, including 775 and 879 participants, respectively, we showed that DCT-based classification models reliably capture semantic characteristics of experiential states that are predictive of self-reported depression symptom severity, as measured by PHQ-9. In both samples, DCT classifiers outperformed baseline models and replicated semantic patterns of negative affect previously observed to be associated with depression. This indicates that the paradigm captures semantic characteristics of the experiential states underlying depression symptoms and may be used to map individuals along a broad semantic space, potentially providing novel insights into individual differences in depressive states.

空间示范词是使用频率很高的语言通用词,至少有两种对比表达方式(近距离("这个")与远距离("那个")),表示说话人与所指对象在物理、社会或功能上的接近程度。在演示选择任务(DCT)中,受试者将词语与空间演示词结合在一起,但不提供上下文。最近的证据表明,演示词的使用也表明在想象的心理空间中自我在经验或情感上的接近程度。由于抑郁症的特点是对自我的关注增加和不适应,因此 DCT 可能是一种简单可靠的方法,可以诱发行为,从而推断是否存在严重的抑郁状态,并描述这种状态下个体差异的语义特征。在两项分别包括 775 名和 879 名参与者的独立横断面研究中,我们发现基于 DCT 的分类模型可以可靠地捕捉到体验状态的语义特征,而这些特征可以预测 PHQ-9 测量的自我报告的抑郁症状严重程度。在这两个样本中,DCT 分类器的表现均优于基线模型,并复制了之前观察到的与抑郁相关的负面情绪语义模式。这表明该范式捕捉到了抑郁症状所隐含的体验状态的语义特征,可用于沿着广阔的语义空间对个体进行映射,从而有可能为抑郁状态的个体差异提供新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Couple-Level Manifestations of Posttraumatic Stress and Maternal and Paternal Postpartum Relationship Functioning 夫妻层面的创伤后应激表现与母子产后关系功能
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6140465
Jordan L. Thomas, Jennifer A. Somers, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Jennifer A. Sumner

Objective. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked with impaired intimate relationships in postpartum women, yet less is known about couple-level manifestations of posttraumatic psychopathology and potential associations with relationship functioning for mothers and fathers during this critical time. Method. In a predominately low-to-middle income sample of 867 mother-father couple dyads assessed six months following the birth of a child, two analytic methods—a data-driven dyadic latent profile analysis and hypothesis-driven a priori categorization approach—evaluated whether discrete subgroups of couples could be identified based on both partners’ PTSD symptoms. Structural equation models then tested associations between identified subgroups with (1) self-reported relationship quality and (2) interviewer-rated relationship stress. Results. Three couple-level PTSD symptom groupings were common to both methods: both low, mother low-father high, and mother high-father low. Dyad-level PTSD symptom patterns were differentially related to relationship dysfunction for mothers and fathers, although mixed findings emerged across methods regarding the relevance of which partner had elevated symptoms for relationship functioning in PTSD symptom-discordant couples. Individuals in dyads characterized by at least one partner with elevated PTSD symptoms consistently exhibited greater relationship dysfunction—indexed both subjectively and objectively—compared to dyads where both partners had low symptoms. Conclusions. Couple-level typologies of PTSD symptoms can be identified using data- and hypothesis-driven approaches, with generally concordant results. Dyadic patterns of PTSD symptoms are relevant to relationship functioning for both mothers and fathers during the postpartum period and may help to inform more targeted intervention efforts to support couples who are parenting.

目的:创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与产后妇女亲密关系受损有关。创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与产后妇女亲密关系受损有关,但在这一关键时期,人们对创伤后精神病理学在夫妻层面的表现以及与母亲和父亲关系功能的潜在关联却知之甚少。研究方法在一个主要由中低收入者组成的样本中,对 867 对母亲-父亲夫妇在孩子出生六个月后的情况进行了评估,采用了两种分析方法--数据驱动的夫妇潜特征分析法和假设驱动的先验分类法--评估是否能根据夫妇双方的创伤后应激障碍症状识别出离散的夫妇亚群。然后,结构方程模型检验了所确定的亚组与 (1) 自我报告的关系质量和 (2) 受访者评价的关系压力之间的关联。结果两种方法都有三种夫妻层面的创伤后应激障碍症状分组:双方都低,母亲低父亲高,母亲高父亲低。虽然在创伤后应激障碍症状不一致的夫妻中,哪一方的症状加重与夫妻关系功能的相关性在不同的方法中出现了不同的结果,但夫妻层面的创伤后应激障碍症状模式与母亲和父亲的关系功能障碍的相关性是不同的。在至少有一方创伤后应激障碍症状升高的夫妻关系中,与双方症状都较轻的夫妻关系相比,夫妻关系功能障碍的主观和客观指数都更高。结论以数据和假设为导向的方法可以确定创伤后应激障碍症状的夫妻层面类型,其结果基本一致。创伤后应激障碍症状的组合模式与母亲和父亲在产后期间的关系功能有关,可能有助于为更有针对性的干预工作提供信息,以支持为人父母的夫妇。
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引用次数: 0
Network Analysis of Internet Addiction, Online Social Anxiety, Fear of Missing Out, and Interpersonal Sensitivity among Chinese University Students 中国大学生网络成瘾、网络社交焦虑、害怕错过和人际关系敏感性的网络分析
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5447802
Xinyi Zhu, Wen Lian, Lu Fan

Background. Despite the growing prevalence of internet usage among young people, the relationships between internet addiction, online social anxiety, fear of missing out (FoMO), and interpersonal sensitivity remain uncertain, intricate, and multifaceted. To gain insight into the underlying psychological mechanisms, we employed network analysis to explore the interconnections between them. This endeavor may provide fresh opportunities for intervention and treatment. Methods. In this study, 470 participants were assessed at age from 18 to 22 (M = 20.18 years, SD = 1.861) years. Network analysis was used to examine the connections between symptoms, and statistical measures were applied to assess the stability of the network model. Results. Online social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity had the strongest associations with other symptoms in the network, with “Evaluation anxiety” having the highest expected influence centrality, followed by “Privacy concern anxiety,” “Need for approval,” “Suspicion,” and “vulnerability.” The FoMO symptom, “Fear of missing information,” had the strongest direct relation to internet addiction. “Evaluation anxiety” and “Fear of missing information” played a key role in bridging internet addiction and interpersonal sensitivity. Additionally, the structure distribution of edge weights had a significant difference between gender. Conclusions. Our findings indicated that FoMO, interpersonal sensitivity, and online social anxiety likely play a significant role in the development and continuation of internet addiction. Interpersonal sensitivity seems to contribute to increased online social anxiety, FoMO, and the development of internet addiction, indicating that targeting these symptoms may help reduce negative online behavior and psychological burden.

背景。尽管互联网在青少年中的使用越来越普遍,但网络成瘾、网络社交焦虑、害怕错过(FoMO)和人际关系敏感度之间的关系仍然是不确定的、错综复杂的和多方面的。为了深入了解其背后的心理机制,我们采用了网络分析的方法来探索它们之间的相互联系。这项工作可能会为干预和治疗提供新的机会。研究方法在这项研究中,我们对 470 名年龄在 18-22 岁(M=20.18 岁,SD=1.861)的参与者进行了评估。研究人员使用网络分析来检查症状之间的联系,并使用统计方法来评估网络模型的稳定性。结果显示网络社交焦虑和人际关系敏感与网络中其他症状的关联性最强,其中 "评价焦虑 "的预期影响中心度最高,其次是 "隐私担忧焦虑"、"需要认可"、"怀疑 "和 "脆弱性"。FoMO 症状 "害怕遗失信息 "与网络成瘾的直接关系最强。"评价焦虑 "和 "对信息缺失的恐惧 "在连接网络成瘾和人际关系敏感性方面发挥了关键作用。此外,边缘权重的结构分布在性别间存在显著差异。结论我们的研究结果表明,FoMO、人际关系敏感性和网络社交焦虑可能在网络成瘾的发展和持续中起着重要作用。人际敏感性似乎会导致网络社交焦虑、FoMO 和网络成瘾的发展,这表明针对这些症状可能有助于减少负面网络行为和心理负担。
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引用次数: 0
Person-Centered Associations between High- and Low-Risk Personality Profiles and Psychological Adjustment in University Students 大学生高风险和低风险人格特征与心理适应之间以人为本的关联
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8810153
Rocco Servidio, Maria Giuseppina Bartolo, Flaviana Tenuta, Anna Lisa Palermiti, Francesca Candreva, Carmela Ciccarelli, Angela Costabile, Linda S. Pagani, Francesco Craig

Personality traits are considered potential risk or protective factors for learning and psychological adjustment. This is a concern in higher education settings, which comprise mostly youth in emerging adulthood. The purpose of this study is to apply a person-centered approach to identify personality profiles of university students based on their character traits and then evaluate whether some clusters predict differences in emotional distress and coping strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey with 467 southern Italian undergraduate university students (M = 21.8, SD = 3.69). Students completed an anonymous online survey and self-report questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits (Personality Inventory for DSM-5), emotional distress (General Anxiety Disorders-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and coping strategies (Brief-COPE). Two distinct clusters were identified, differing in relation to maladaptive personality traits. One was characterized by high maladaptive personality traits, comprising 45.6% of the sample population. This high-risk profile evidenced higher levels of negative affect, detachment, psychoticism, antagonism, and disinhibition. A second cluster, with low maladaptive personality traits, represented the remainder of the sample. Participants featuring high maladaptive personality traits reported lower functioning in terms of avoidant coping strategies in comparison to the second low-risk cluster. Generating profiles of latent traits, such as in cluster analysis, can enhance a more profound theoretical understanding of underlying patterns within personality traits. This can enable higher education settings to meet variations in student needs by adapting their support services and interventions. Students can be trained to use coping strategies more effectively and efficiently.

人格特征被认为是学习和心理适应的潜在风险或保护因素。这在高等教育环境中是一个值得关注的问题,因为高等教育中的学生大多是刚步入成年的青年。本研究的目的是采用以人为本的方法,根据大学生的性格特征识别他们的性格特征,然后评估某些群组是否能预测情绪困扰和应对策略的差异。我们对 467 名意大利南部本科大学生(M=21.8,SD=3.69)进行了横断面网络调查。学生们完成了匿名在线调查和自我报告问卷,调查内容包括社会人口学特征、人格特质(DSM-5 人格问卷)、情绪困扰(一般焦虑症-7、患者健康问卷-9)和应对策略(Brief-COPE)。根据适应不良人格特质的不同,确定了两个不同的群组。其中一个群组的特点是具有高度适应不良的人格特质,占样本人群的 45.6%。这种高风险特征表现为较高程度的消极情绪、疏离、精神错乱、对抗和抑制。第二组是低适应不良人格特质者,占样本的其余部分。与第二个低风险群组相比,具有高适应不良人格特质的参与者在回避应对策略方面的功能较低。通过聚类分析等方法生成潜在特质的轮廓,可以从理论上加深对人格特质内在模式的理解。这可以使高等教育机构通过调整其支持服务和干预措施来满足学生的不同需求。可以培训学生更有效、更高效地使用应对策略。
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引用次数: 0
Serum Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder before and after Supplementation with Vitamin D3 补充维生素 D3 前后重度抑郁症患者的血清胃泌素和瘦素浓度
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2057881
Shareefa AlGhamdi, Nabilah Alsulami, Sawsan Khoja, Hadeil Alsufiani, Haythum O. Tayeb, Huda Alshaibi, Frank I. Tarazi

Aim. To determine serum concentrations of leptin and ghrelin in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) before and after vitamin D3 supplementation. Methods. A total of 72 participants were recruited in this study (40 MDD patients and 32 healthy controls). MDD was diagnosed by using Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) scale. Blood samples were collected from all participants at the beginning of the study to determine baseline serum 25(OH)D3, leptin, and ghrelin concentrations. Patients were then treated weekly with vitamin D3 (50,000 IU) for 3 months, and blood samples were collected again by the end of the study. Results. At baseline, serum leptin concentrations were significantly higher in MDD patients than in healthy controls. In contrast, serum ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower compared to those in healthy controls. After supplementation with vitamin D3 for three months, MDD patients showed improvements characterized by a decrease in their BDI’s scores and an increase in their serum vitamin D and ghrelin concentrations. No effects of vitamin D3 supplementation were seen on serum leptin concentration. Conclusions. The antidepressant effects of vitamin D3 supplementation could be mediated by ghrelin but not leptin.

目的测定重度抑郁障碍(MDD)患者在补充维生素 D3 前后血清中瘦素和胃泌素的浓度。研究方法本研究共招募了 72 名参与者(40 名重度抑郁症患者和 32 名健康对照组)。MDD通过贝克抑郁量表(BDI)进行诊断。研究开始时采集所有参与者的血样,以确定血清 25(OH)D3、瘦素和胃泌素的基线浓度。然后,患者每周接受一次维生素 D3(50,000 IU)治疗,为期 3 个月,研究结束时再次采集血液样本。研究结果基线时,多发性硬化症患者的血清瘦素浓度明显高于健康对照组。相比之下,血清胃泌素浓度明显低于健康对照组。在补充维生素 D3 三个月后,多发性硬化症患者的病情有所改善,BDI 评分下降,血清维生素 D 和胃泌素浓度上升。补充维生素 D3 对血清瘦素浓度没有影响。结论补充维生素D3的抗抑郁作用可能是由胃泌素而非瘦素介导的。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of Working Memory Updating in Socially Anxious Individuals 社交焦虑者工作记忆更新的表现
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1799948
Jing Yuan, Xiran Sun, Qin Zhang, Lixia Cui

Working memory updating plays a critical role in executive function. Few studies explored the working memory updating in socially anxious individuals. In this study, we wanted to explore the working memory updating in socially anxious individuals. We studied this issue by instructing participants to perform an emotional 2-back task, and recording their response time and accuracy. We found that high socially anxious individuals showed significant longer response time in positive word condition than that of negative and neutral words. But there was no significant difference in word type in low socially anxious group. In accuracy, we did not observe any significant difference in group, word type, and their interaction. These results indicate that socially anxious individuals have deficits in positive content updating, which have an important implication for developing method to reduce social anxiety.

工作记忆更新在执行功能中起着至关重要的作用。很少有研究探讨社交焦虑者的工作记忆更新。在本研究中,我们希望探索社交焦虑者的工作记忆更新。我们通过指导受试者执行情绪2-back任务,并记录他们的反应时间和准确性来研究这一问题。我们发现,高社交焦虑者在积极词语条件下的反应时间明显长于消极和中性词语条件下的反应时间。但低社交焦虑组在词语类型上没有明显差异。在准确性方面,我们没有观察到组别、词语类型以及它们之间的交互作用有任何显著差异。这些结果表明,社交焦虑者在积极内容更新方面存在缺陷,这对开发减少社交焦虑的方法具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Interplay between Mitochondrial DNA and Lifestyle Factors in the Pathogenesis of Psychiatric Disorders 探索线粒体 DNA 与生活方式因素在精神疾病发病机制中的相互作用
IF 7.4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4914777
Wenming Wei, Bolun Cheng, Yijing Zhao, Dan He, Xiaoge Chu, Xiaoyue Qin, Na Zhang, Sirong Shi, Qingqing Cai, Jingni Hui, Yan Wen, Huan Liu, Yumeng Jia, Feng Zhang

The objectives of this study were to investigate the interaction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and lifestyle factors in the development of psychiatric disorders and to gain greater insight into their pathogenesis and comorbidity. We analyzed data from approximately 150,000 individuals from the UK Biobank. Mitochondrial gene-by-environment interaction studies (mtGEIS) were performed to assess the relationships between mtDNA and psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and self-harm. These disorders were defined using diagnostic and severity indicators derived from the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Smoking and drinking behaviors were characterized based on UK Biobank criteria. For the mtGEIS, logistic and linear regression models from PLINK 2.0 were employed, accounting for covariates like age, sex, PC1-10, Townsend Deprivation Index (TDI), and educational attainment. We also conducted sex-stratified analyses to detect any gender-specific effects. Our findings highlighted significant associations between mtDNA and three psychiatric disorders. Moreover, the interplay between mtDNA and lifestyle factors showed significant associations with psychiatric disorders (all P values < 0.05). Specifically, two mutant loci, T5004C (BAnx_self = −0.0026, BDep_self = −0.0024, BSelf−harm = −0.0018) and G9123A (BAnx_self = −0.0030, BDep_self = −0.0024, BSelf−harm = −0.0017), were found to reduce the risk of three disorders after interacting with alcohol. Sex-specific differences were also observed. In summary, the expression of mitochondrial genes could be modulated by lifestyle factors like smoking and drinking, potentially affecting psychiatric disorders. These habits might influence mitochondrial respiratory chain activity and the replication and transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial genes, culminating in changes in mitochondrial functionality and subsequently psychiatric disorders.

本研究的目的是调查线粒体 DNA(mtDNA)和生活方式因素在精神疾病发展过程中的相互作用,并进一步了解精神疾病的发病机制和合并症。我们分析了英国生物库中约 15 万人的数据。我们进行了线粒体基因与环境相互作用研究(mtGEIS),以评估 mtDNA 与焦虑、抑郁和自残等精神疾病之间的关系。这些疾病的定义采用了从一般焦虑症(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)中得出的诊断指标和严重程度指标。吸烟和饮酒行为的特征则根据英国生物库标准确定。对于 mtGEIS,我们采用了 PLINK 2.0 的逻辑和线性回归模型,并考虑了年龄、性别、PC1-10、汤森贫困指数(TDI)和教育程度等协变量。我们还进行了性别分层分析,以检测性别特异性效应。我们的研究结果突显了 mtDNA 与三种精神疾病之间的重要关联。此外,mtDNA 与生活方式因素之间的相互作用也显示出与精神疾病的显著关联(所有 P 值均小于 0.05)。具体来说,两个突变位点T5004C(BAnx_self=-0.0026,BDep_self=-0.0024,BSelf-harm=-0.0018)和G9123A(BAnx_self=-0.0030,BDep_self=-0.0024,BSelf-harm=-0.0017)与酒精相互作用后,可降低三种疾病的风险。此外,还观察到了性别差异。总之,线粒体基因的表达可能会受到吸烟和饮酒等生活方式因素的影响,从而对精神疾病产生潜在影响。这些习惯可能会影响线粒体呼吸链的活性以及线粒体基因的复制和转录调控,最终导致线粒体功能的改变,进而引发精神疾病。
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Depression and Anxiety
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