Cretaceous Research最新文献_第2页

Revaluation of the taxonomy and diversity of Lepisosteiformes from the Alcântara Formation (Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous), Brazil 巴西上白垩统Cenomanian alc<e:1> ntara组Lepisosteiformes的分类和多样性的重新评价

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106291

Erick Ribeiro-Souza , Yuri Modesto Alves , Cesar Leandro Schultz , Manuel Alfredo Medeiros

Lepisosteiformes, ginglymodian fishes with fusiform bodies and ganoid scales, are a common source of Mesozoic fossil remains. Despite their widespread historical distribution, their diversity in the Alcântara Formation (northeastern Brazil) remains poorly understood, with only one lepisosteid previously identified. In contrast, nearby groups, such as the Santana Group and the Kem Kem Group, host diverse lepisosteiform taxa. This study revises the taxonomy of ganoid scales from the Alcântara Formation using external morphology, microstructure, and ultrastructure analyses. The scales examined exhibit characteristic Lepisosteiformes features, including ganoine on the free field and articulation via ventral and vertical processes. Histological analysis revealed both palaeoniscoid and lepidosteoid scales. Lepidosteoid scales varied significantly in shape, size, and structure based on body position, with smooth ganoine scales dominating the sample, and representing a large, non-gar lepisosteiform (cf. Adrianaichthys). Smaller, ornamented scales were rare and indicative of a lepisosteid taxon. Palaeoniscoid scales, identified as Obaichthys, were the least abundant and showed a prominent median spine; they were of different developmental stages and allowed the inference of the existence of different Obaichthys africanus morphotypes. This study offer many insights regarding the different aspects of lepisosteiform squamation such as histological structure, external morphology, shape, size, and ornamentation. We identified at least three Lepisosteiformes taxa in the Alcântara Formation: a non-gar lepisosteiform (cf. Adrianaichthys), the obaichthyid Obaichthys, and a lepisosteid. These findings highlight similarities between Cenomanian faunal communities in northeastern Brazil and northwestern Africa, expanding our understanding of Lepisosteiformes diversity and extending the known vertical distribution of Obaichthyidae in South America to the Cenomanian. We also propose the existence of two distinct morphotypes of O. africanus.

钩形鱼是一种具有梭形体和腺状鳞片的钩形鱼类，是中生代化石遗迹的常见来源。尽管它们在历史上分布广泛，但它们在alc ntara组（巴西东北部）的多样性仍然知之甚少，以前只发现了一种lepisosteid。相比之下，附近的群体，如桑塔纳群和Kem Kem群，拥有多种瘦异体类群。本研究利用外部形态学、微观结构和超微结构分析修订了alc ntara组类瘤鳞片的分类。所检查的鳞片表现出典型的瘦异体特征，包括自由场上的甘油三酯和通过腹侧和垂直突起的关节。组织学分析显示古石类鳞片和鳞片类鳞片。鳞骨类鳞片的形状、大小和结构在身体位置的基础上发生了显著变化，光滑的甘油脂鳞片占主导地位，代表了一个大的、非甘油脂的瘦异异体（参见adrianichthys）。较小的，有装饰的鳞片是罕见的，表明一个瘦异类分类单元。古石类鳞片（Obaichthys）数量最少，具突出的中脊；它们处于不同的发育阶段，因此可以推断出存在不同的非洲奥巴希鱼形态。本研究提供了许多关于瘦异异体鳞片的不同方面的见解，如组织学结构，外部形态，形状，大小和纹饰。我们在alc ntara组中发现了至少三个Lepisosteiformes类群：一个非gar lepisosteiform（参见Adrianaichthys）， Obaichthys和一个lepisosteid。这些发现突出了巴西东北部和非洲西北部塞诺曼尼亚动物群落之间的相似性，扩大了我们对Lepisosteiformes多样性的理解，并将已知的南美Obaichthyidae垂直分布扩展到塞诺曼尼亚。我们还提出了两种不同形态的非洲古猿的存在。

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引用次数: 0

Paleoenvironmental evolution and Tethyan transgression during the Valanginian: Insights from the Tonalá and San Miguel Papalutla Formations, Tlaxiaco Basin, Mexico 瓦兰吉尼亚期古环境演化与特提斯海侵：来自墨西哥特拉西科盆地tonal<e:1>组和San Miguel Papalutla组的启示

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106293

Salatiel Díaz-Lara , Claudia Cristina Mendoza-Rosales , Gilberto Silva-Romo , Josep Anton Moreno-Bedmar , Miquel Company , Orestes Antonio de la Rosa-Mora

The Tlaxiaco Basin, located in southern Mexico within the Mixteca Terrane, preserves one of the most complete records of the breakup of Pangea. While its Jurassic units have been extensively studied in the context of rifting, this study focuses on the overlying Lower Cretaceous sedimentary succession, corresponding to the newly defined Tonalá Formation and the San Miguel Papalutla Formation.

Through facies and microfacies analysis, gamma-ray spectroscopy, detrital zircon geochronology, and ammonite biostratigraphy, we reconstruct the paleoenvironmental evolution and sea-level fluctuations in the Tlaxiaco Basin during the Early Cretaceous. These formations document a transition from a carbonate platform to deeper marine basin environments, allowing for the precise identification of facies shifts associated with marine transgression events.

One such transgression, recorded within the Neocomites neocomiensiformis ammonite Zone, correlates with the global third-order sequence KVa2 and reflects a Tethyan affinity. Sedimentological and U–Th geochemical data suggest warm, humid to tropical climatic conditions in the Tlaxiaco Bay during the Valanginian. The development of both formations occurred during a phase of thermal subsidence, resulting in a transgressive depositional pattern influenced by marine currents from the Tethys Sea.

This refined stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental framework supports the interpretation of the Tlaxiaco Basin as a passive-margin system, contributing to broader models of Early Cretaceous eustatic dynamics and continental margin evolution.

特拉西亚科盆地位于墨西哥南部的米斯特卡地体内，保存着盘古大陆分裂最完整的记录之一。虽然在裂谷作用背景下对其侏罗纪单元进行了广泛的研究，但本次研究的重点是上覆的下白垩统沉积演替，对应于新定义的tonal组和San Miguel Papalutla组。通过相微相分析、伽玛能谱、碎屑锆石年代学、鹦鹉螺生物地层学等方法，重建了早白垩世特拉斯夏古盆地的古环境演化和海平面波动。这些地层记录了从碳酸盐岩台地到更深的海相盆地环境的转变，从而可以精确识别与海侵事件相关的相转变。其中一次海侵记录在新奥氏统新奥氏统鹦鹉螺岩带内，与全球三级层序KVa2有关，具有特提斯亲缘关系。沉积学和U-Th地球化学数据表明，在瓦兰吉尼亚时期，特拉西亚科湾的气候条件是温暖、潮湿到热带的。这两个地层的发育都发生在热沉降阶段，形成了受特提斯海海流影响的海侵沉积模式。这一精细的地层和古环境格架支持了对特拉斯夏古盆地作为被动边缘系统的解释，有助于建立更广泛的早白垩世上升动力学和大陆边缘演化模式。

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引用次数: 0

Cranial elements of Shokawa ikoi, and new records of choristoderes from the Lower Cretaceous Okurodani Formation, Tetori Group, Japan 日本鸟取群下白垩统奥黑达尼组化石新记录及Shokawa ikoi的颅部成分

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106283

Ryoko Matsumoto , Makoto Manabe , Susan E. Evans

The extinct reptilian group Choristodera has been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous Tetori Group of Japan. Within the Tetori Group, the Okurodani Formation was the first deposit to yield choristoderan remains with the discovery of the postcranial skeleton of the long-necked Shokawa ikoi. Howerver, until now, the formation has yielded only limited choristoderan material. Here, we report on several further choristodere remains, including the finding of an unexposed skull element during a μCT examination of the holotype of Shokawa ikoi. Although the new specimens are all isolated elements, detailed comparison has revealed that they represent an unexpected diversity of taxa including a long-snouted neochoristodere, a non-neochoristodere with an open lower temporal fenestra, and a possible new monjurosuchid. Similarities between the choristoderan assemblages of the Jehol Biota of China and the Tetori Group of Japan have previously been recognised. However, the new choristoderan records from the Okurodani Formation albeit fragmentary, suggest possible differences in assemblage composition, and add to our knowledge of choristoderan diversity in eastern Asia at a key stage in their evolutionary history.

已经灭绝的爬行动物群是在日本的下白垩纪Tetori群中记录的。在Tetori群中，Okurodani组是第一个发现史前动物遗骸的矿床，发现了长颈Shokawa ikoi的颅骨后骨架。然而，到目前为止，这种形成只产生了有限的合唱团材料。在这里，我们报告了几个进一步的脊骨遗留物，包括在Shokawa ikoi全型的μCT检查中发现的未暴露的头骨元素。虽然这些新发现的标本都是孤立的元素，但经过详细的比较发现，它们代表了一个意想不到的分类群多样性，包括一个长鼻子的新choristodere，一个具有开放的下颞窗的非新choristodere，以及一个可能的新monjurosuchid。中国的热河生物群和日本的鸟取鸟群的合唱队组合之间的相似性先前已经得到承认。然而，来自奥黑达尼组的新的编年虫记录虽然是碎片化的，但表明了组合组成的可能差异，并增加了我们对东亚编年虫多样性的认识，这是它们进化史上的关键阶段。

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引用次数: 0

Comment on Aurell et al. (2021) “Latest Jurassic-early Cretaceous synrift evolution of the Torrelapaja Subbasin (Cameros Basin): Implications for Northeast Iberia palaeogeography”. Cretaceous Research 128 (104997) 评论Aurell等人（2021）“Torrelapaja次盆地（Cameros盆地）的晚侏罗世-早白垩世syng裂化演化：对伊比利亚东北古地理的启示”。白垩纪研究128 （104997）

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106255

Pablo Suarez-Gonzalez , I. Emma Quijada , Ramón Mas , M. Isabel Benito , Eugenia Arribas , José Arribas , Sonia Campos-Soto

Aurell et al. (2021; Cretaceous Research, vol. 128, 104997) studied Lower Cretaceous deposits from the Torrelapaja Subbasin, a relatively small area to the SE of the Cameros Basin (N Spain), making new sedimentological and stratigraphic interpretations. They used those interpretations to establish correlations of the entire Cameros Basin with other basins, inferring palaeogeographic reconstructions of NE Iberia. This comment shows that some of their interpretations are not fully supported by their data and arguments, or that they can be qualified with data published before their article. This comparison with previous data shows that Aurell et al. (2021) provided an inaccurate view of the regional literature, which resulted in the misleading idea that their palaeogeographic interpretations were more novel than they actually are.

Aurell等人（2021；白垩纪研究，vol. 128, 104997）研究了Torrelapaja次盆地的下白垩统沉积物，这是一个相对较小的区域，位于喀麦隆盆地（西班牙北部）的东南部，做出了新的沉积学和地层学解释。他们利用这些解释建立了整个喀麦隆盆地与其他盆地的相关性，推断了伊比利亚东北部的古地理重建。这个评论表明他们的一些解释并没有完全得到他们的数据和论点的支持，或者他们可以用他们文章之前发表的数据来证明。与先前数据的比较表明，Aurell等人（2021）提供了对区域文献的不准确看法，这导致了他们的古地理解释比实际更新颖的误导性观点。

引用次数: 0

Development of a large supradetachment basin and its tectonic implication: The Early Cretaceous Hetao Basin, NW China 大型上拆离盆地发育及其构造意义：早白垩世河套盆地

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106275

Jin Zhang

The eastern Asia experienced a regional tectonic-thermal event during the Early Cretaceous. The Hetao Basin is one of the larger Cretaceous basins developed in the northern North China Craton (NCC). Geological mapping and seismic profiles indicate that the formation of the western Hetao Basin in the Early Cretaceous was controlled by a low angle detachment fault with a dip angle of ca. 30° and was a supradetachment basin but not a foreland basin. The apatite fission track ages and the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages indicate that the western margin of the Hetao Basin experienced rapid exhumation (ca. 0.8mm/a) at ca. 130 Ma. The tectonic-thermal event of the Early Cretaceous were also widespread in the entire Alxa region to the west of Hetao Basin. Combined with the data from the eastern Hetao Basin, the whole Hetao Basin is the largest supradetachment basin in eastern Asia. The unified paleostress field and northwest-southeast extensional direction across the entire eastern Asia continent indicate that the simultaneous extension and basin formation was controlled firstly by a regional tectonic factor. The rollback of the Paleo-Pacific Plate to the eastern margin of the Asian continent in the Early Cretaceous maybe the only possibility, while locally the broken-off of oceanic slab of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and the subsequent upwelling of the asthenosphere beneath the northern North China Craton were also important factors resulting in the development of Hetao Basin.

东亚早白垩世经历了一次区域性构造—热事件。河套盆地是华北克拉通北部发育的较大的白垩系盆地之一。地质填图和地震剖面表明，早白垩世河套盆地西部的形成受倾角约30°的低角度滑脱断裂控制，为上滑脱盆地而非前陆盆地。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄和40Ar/39Ar年龄表明，在约130 Ma时，河套盆地西缘经历了快速掘出（约0.8mm/a）。早白垩世构造—热事件在河套盆地以西的整个阿拉善地区也很普遍。结合河套盆地东部的资料，整个河套盆地是东亚最大的上拆离盆地。整个东亚大陆统一的古应力场和西北—东南伸展方向表明，同时伸展和盆地形成首先受区域构造因素控制。早白垩世古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆东缘的回退是唯一的可能，而局部的蒙古-鄂霍次克洋洋板块的断裂和随后华北克拉通北部下方软流圈的上升流也是导致河套盆地发育的重要因素。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy of the Vaca Muerta Formation (Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous) at Puerta Curaco, Neuquén, Argentina 阿根廷neuquassan Puerta Curaco地区Vaca Muerta组（上侏罗统—下白垩统）磁地层学和旋回地层学

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106273

María Paula Iglesia Llanos , Diego A. Kietzmann , Ricardo I.F. Trindade , Janine Araújo do Carmo , Daniele Brandt , João Pedro Rodriguez-Pinto

A high-resolution chronostratigraphic study was conducted on one of the best-exposed sections of the Vaca Muerta Formation in the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina, spanning the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous. The Puerta Curaco section (∼360 m thick) records a rhythmic succession of mudstones, marlstones, limestones, and tuffs deposited on a carbonate ramp system rich in ammonites. Sixty paleomagnetic horizons were sampled and integrated with biostratigraphy (ammonites and calpionellids), magnetostratigraphy, and cyclostratigraphy in order to establish a robust chronostratigraphic framework. The analysis of paleomagnetic components was combined with rock magnetism studies to characterize magnetic mineralogy and define a reliable polarity sequence. The resulting magnetostratigraphic scale comprises 13 normal (N1–N13) and 13 reverse (R1–13) polarity zones for the Tithonian–Berriasian. Mean site directions define two distinct populations, one for the Tithonian, and other for the Berriasian, both passing field tests (i.e., fold test) and confirming a primary magnetic remanence. Cyclostratigraphic calibration of polarity zones, together with Andean–Tethyan ammonite correlations allowed the section to be tied to the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS, 2020), extending across Chrons M22 to M15. The Tithonian paleomagnetic pole (81.3°S, 112.5°E; α₉₅ = 4.4°) falls on the Late Jurassic segment of the South American apparent polar wander path, whereas the Berriasian–Valanginian paleopole (76.0°S, 53.7°E; α₉₅ = 3.2°) is interpreted as rotated.

一项高分辨率的年代地层学研究在阿根廷中西部neuqu盆地Vaca Muerta组最裸露的剖面之一进行，该剖面跨越上侏罗统至下白垩纪。Puerta Curaco剖面（约360米厚）记录了泥岩、泥灰岩、灰岩和凝灰岩的有节奏的序列，沉积在富含菊石的碳酸盐斜坡系统上。对60个古地磁层位进行了采样，并与生物地层学（菊石和calpionellids）、磁地层学和旋回地层学进行了整合，以建立一个健全的年代地层格架。将古地磁成分分析与岩石磁学研究相结合，表征了磁矿物学特征，确定了可靠的极性序列。得到的磁地层学尺度包括13个正极性带（N1-N13）和13个逆极性带（R1-13）。平均地点方向确定了两种不同的种群，一种是Tithonian种群，另一种是Berriasian种群，两者都通过了现场测试（即褶皱测试），并确认了初级磁残余。极性带的旋回地层校准，加上安第斯-特提斯菊石的相关性，使该剖面与地磁极性时间尺度（GPTS, 2020）联系在一起，从M22年代延伸到M15年代。梯通世古磁极（81.3°S, 112.5°E, α95 = 4.4°）位于南美洲视极漂移路径的晚侏罗世段，而Berriasian-Valanginian古磁极（76.0°S, 53.7°E, α95 = 3.2°）被解释为旋转。

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引用次数: 0

Orbit shape evolution in abelisauridae: Macroevolutionary trends and functional implications abelisauridae的轨道形状演化：宏观演化趋势和功能意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106272

Enzo Emanuel Seculi Pereyra

Large carnivorous theropods evolved diverse orbital morphologies, including eight-shaped, keyhole-shaped, and elliptical orbits, which have been linked to feeding performance and biomechanical adaptations. In Abelisauridae, the most abundant and best-known clades of Gondwanan theropods, the orbit underwent significant morphological changes, with Cretaceous taxa exhibiting keyhole-shaped and eight-shaped orbits. However, a rigorous phylogenetic comparative approach and multivariate quantification of orbit shape are necessary to further investigate macroevolutionary trends in Abelisauridae orbital evolution. To address this, I applied 2D geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic comparative methods to analyze macroevolutionary trends of orbit shape in Abelisauridae. The results indicate that the abelisaurid orbit shape evolved as an integrated morphological module undergoing accelerated evolution in Cretaceous taxa, likely driven by intensified ecological and functional pressures on orbital shape design. Additionally, phylogenetic signal was not detected, supporting the hypothesis that orbit evolution was primarily driven by selective pressures rather than phylogenetic constraints. Disparity through time analysis revealed a decline in morphological variation during the Late Cretaceous, coinciding with the canalization of specialized orbit morphologies. The results are consistent with previous studies on abelisaurid feeding strategies and suggest that specialized predation may have influenced orbit evolution since at least the Early Cretaceous. These findings provide new insights into the evolutionary history of Abelisauridae, emphasizing the role of ecological and functional factors in shaping the dinosaurs orbital diversity.

大型食肉兽脚亚目恐龙进化出了不同的轨道形态，包括八字形、锁眼形和椭圆形轨道，这与进食性能和生物力学适应有关。在冈瓦纳兽脚亚目中数量最多、最知名的分支Abelisauridae中，轨道发生了显著的形态变化，白垩纪类群呈现出锁眼形和8形轨道。然而，严格的系统发育比较方法和轨道形状的多元量化是进一步研究Abelisauridae轨道进化的宏观进化趋势的必要条件。为了解决这个问题，我应用二维几何形态计量学和系统发育比较方法分析了Abelisauridae轨道形状的宏观进化趋势。结果表明，在白垩纪分类群中，abelisaurid轨道形状作为一个完整的形态模块加速进化，可能是由于生态和功能对轨道形状设计的压力加剧所致。此外，没有检测到系统发育信号，这支持了轨道进化主要是由选择压力而不是系统发育约束驱动的假设。时间分析的差异揭示了晚白垩世形态变化的减少，与特化轨道形态的渠化相一致。这一结果与先前关于阿贝利龙捕食策略的研究一致，并表明至少从早白垩纪开始，专门的捕食可能就影响了轨道进化。这些发现为Abelisauridae的进化史提供了新的见解，强调了生态和功能因素在塑造恐龙轨道多样性中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Reply to comment made by Suarez-Gonzalez et al. on “Latest Jurassic-Early Cretaceous synrift evolution of the Torrelapaja Subbasin (Cameros Basin): Implications for Northeast Iberia palaeogeography” by Aurell et al. (Cretaceous Research 128 (2021) 104997) 回复Suarez-Gonzalez等人对Aurell等人“Torrelapaja次盆地（Cameros盆地）的晚侏罗世-早白垩世syng裂化演化：对伊比利亚东北古地理的启示”的评论（白垩纪研究128 (2021)104997）

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106274

Marcos Aurell , Beatriz Bádenas , Diego Castanera , José M. Gasca , José I. Canudo , Elisa Laita , Carlos L. Liesa

Aurell et al. (2021) documented the Tithonian-Albian evolution of the Torrelapaja Subbasin (Cameros Basin, Spain) by defining three synrift sequences (SS), and highlighting new paleogeographic implications for northeast Iberia. The comment by Suarez-Gonzalez et al. (2025) expresses concern that our work challenges several established assumptions and interpretations by their research group. This Reply systematically addresses the three main points of scientific controversy raised in that comment: (1) The correlation between the Torrelapaja Formation (SS-2) and the Enciso Group of the Hauterivian-Barremian, further supported by recent cyclostratigraphic results that contradict the traditionally accepted Aptian age; (2) The mid-Albian age of the oyster-rich beds of the Torrelapaja Subbbasin (SS-3) and its assignment to the Escucha Formation, an interpretation consistent with regional stratigraphic and structural data; (3) The only northern source to explain the marine incursions in the Torrelapaja Subbasin, which best fits the facies distribution observed in the northern marginal zones of the Maestrazgo Basin during the Aptian-Albian. In particular, we show that the alternative proposal of a seaway connecting the Cameros and Maestrazgo basins during the early Aptian emphasized in Suarez-Gonzalez et al. (2025) is not supported by the available data.

Aurell等人（2021）通过定义三个共裂谷序列（SS）记录了Torrelapaja次盆地（西班牙Cameros盆地）的Tithonian-Albian演化，并强调了伊比利亚东北部新的古地理意义。Suarez-Gonzalez等人（2025）的评论表达了他们的担忧，认为我们的工作挑战了他们研究小组的几个既定假设和解释。本答复系统地解决了该评论中提出的科学争议的三个主要问题：(1)Torrelapaja组（SS-2）与Hauterivian-Barremian的Enciso群之间的相关性，最近的旋回地层结果进一步支持了这一相关性，该相关性与传统上接受的Aptian年龄相矛盾；(2) Torrelapaja亚盆地（SS-3）富牡蛎层的中阿尔别世时代及其归属于Escucha组，这一解释与区域地层和构造资料一致；(3)是解释Torrelapaja次盆地海相入侵的唯一北部物源，与马埃斯特拉兹戈盆地北缘在阿普提亚-阿尔比安时期观测到的相分布最为吻合。特别是，我们表明Suarez-Gonzalez等人（2025）所强调的在阿普tian早期建立一条连接Cameros和Maestrazgo盆地的海道的替代建议没有得到现有数据的支持。

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引用次数: 0

Latest Maastrichtian climate changes: Insights from high-resolution palynological data from the XHY2008 borehole, Jiayin, NE China 最新的马斯特里赫特气候变化：来自中国东北嘉印XHY2008钻孔高分辨率孢粉数据的见解

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106270

Jiahui Yu , Yuewu Sun , Eugenia V. Bugdaeva , Valentina S. Markevich

The latest Maastrichtian was an important interval in Earth's history, characterized by global climatic fluctuations and significant biotic transitions. Understanding the climate and vegetation changes during this time is important for reconstructing the climatic perturbations during the pre-end-Maastrichtian mass extinction and elucidating the cause of the extinction. However, detailed reconstructions of terrestrial climate and vegetation changes remain limited due to the uneven preservation of palynomorphs and the scarcity of high-resolution palynological records. In this study, based on high-resolution palynological data from the Furao Formation in the XHY2008 borehole, Jiayin, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, three latest Maastrichtian palynological assemblages were identified, in ascending stratigraphic order: (1) the Gabonisporis–Pinuspollenites–Aquilapollenites assemblage; (2) the Laevigatosporites–Monocolpopollenites–Ulmoideipites assemblage; and (3) the Osmundacidites–Pseudointegricorpus–Wodehouseia assemblage. These assemblages provide key insights into the composition of latest Maastrichtian palynoflora and associated climatic changes. The data indicate that the latest Maastrichtian climate was warm and humid (i.e., subtropical) in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, which was typical of the Cretaceous greenhouse climate. However, two cooling and drying events were recognized based on quantitative analyses of the palynomorphs using principal component analysis and ecological affinity statistics. These two transient events involved changes from a subtropical–humid to temperate–subhumid climate in the last 34 kyr of the Cretaceous. These short-term climatic changes might record abrupt climatic perturbations during latest Maastrichtian cooling and enhance our knowledge on the frequency of climatic change.

最新的马斯特里赫特时期是地球历史上的一个重要时期，其特征是全球气候波动和重大的生物转变。了解这一时期的气候和植被变化对重建末马斯特里赫特大灭绝前的气候扰动和阐明大灭绝的原因具有重要意义。然而，由于孢粉形态的保存不均匀和高分辨率孢粉记录的缺乏，陆地气候和植被变化的详细重建仍然有限。本文利用黑龙江嘉印XHY2008钻孔富饶组高分辨率孢粉资料，确定了3个最新的马氏孢粉组合，按地层顺序依次为：(1)Gabonisporis-Pinuspollenites-Aquilapollenites组合；(2) laevigatosporites - monocolpoplenites - ulmoideipites组合；(3) Osmundacidites-Pseudointegricorpus-Wodehouseia组合。这些组合为了解最新的马斯特里赫特孢粉植物的组成和相关的气候变化提供了关键的见解。研究结果表明，马斯特里赫特最新气候为北半球中纬度温暖湿润的亚热带气候，属于典型的白垩纪温室气候。然而，基于主成分分析和生态亲和统计的定量分析，发现了两个冷却和干燥事件。这两个短暂的事件涉及到白垩纪最后34万年从亚热带湿润气候到温带半湿润气候的变化。这些短期气候变化可能记录了最近一次马斯特里赫特变冷期间突然的气候扰动，并增强了我们对气候变化频率的认识。

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引用次数: 0

A sauropod Tengrisaurus starkovi from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalia, Russia, and Asiatic origin of Titanosauria 俄罗斯外贝加尔湖下白垩纪的一种腾格里龙和泰坦龙的亚洲起源

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY

Cretaceous Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106271

Alexander O. Averianov , Alexander V. Sizov , Dmitry V. Grigoriev , Veniamin V. Kolchanov , Pavel P. Skutschas

Titanosauria is the final and most diverse radiation of sauropod dinosaurs, which is predominantly distributed throughout the Late Cretaceous of Gondwana. Previous hypotheses have suggested that Gondwana might have served as the origin for Titanosauria. However, the presence of a significant number of titanosaurs with procoelous caudal vertebrae in the Early Cretaceous of Asia indicates that the titanosaurian bauplan may have been established on the northern continents as early as the earliest Cretaceous. In contrast, the titanosaurs with procoelous both anterior and middle caudal vertebrae appeared in South America only during the Albian. The most recent research has identified the Tengrisaurus starkovi Averianov et Skutschas, 2017 from the Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian) Murtoi Formation at the Mogoito locality in Buryatia, Transbaikalia, Russia, as the earliest documented sauropod to display the titanosaurian bauplan, as evidenced by its procoelous anterior and middle caudal vertebrae. The present study reports on a recently discovered sauropod posterior cervical vertebra from the Mogoito locality, which is attributed to T. starkovi. A novel phylogenetic analysis, incorporating data from the cervical and caudal vertebrae, confirms the position of Tengrisaurus as a basal member of the titanosaurian clade Colossosauria. Consequently, the Valanginian Tengrisaurus is recognized as the earliest member of both Colossosauria and Titanosauria, which substantially supports a potential Asiatic origin of these clades.

泰坦龙是蜥脚类恐龙中最后的也是最多样化的一种，主要分布在晚白垩纪的冈瓦纳。先前的假说认为冈瓦纳可能是泰坦龙的起源。然而，早白垩纪亚洲地区大量具有原骨尾椎骨的泰坦巨龙的存在表明，早在白垩纪早期，泰坦巨龙群可能已经在北方大陆建立起来。相比之下，具有前尾椎骨和中尾椎骨的泰坦龙仅在阿尔比亚时期出现在南美洲。最近的研究发现，来自俄罗斯外贝加尔湖布里亚特地区Mogoito地区下白垩纪（Valanginian） Murtoi组的Tengrisaurus starkovi Averianov et Skutschas， 2017年，是最早记录的显示巨龙bauplan的蜥脚类动物，其前缘和中尾椎骨证明了这一点。本研究报告了最近在Mogoito地区发现的一种蜥脚类动物后颈椎，其归属于T. starkovi。一项新的系统发育分析，结合了来自颈椎和尾椎的数据，证实了Tengrisaurus是泰坦龙分支Colossosauria的基础成员。因此，Valanginian Tengrisaurus被认为是Colossosauria和Titanosauria的最早成员，这基本上支持了这些分支的潜在亚洲起源。

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