Pub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106240
Han Sang Yoon , Hyun Wook Kim , Jin-Young Park , Seung-Ho Jung , Dal-Yong Kong , Yuong-Nam Lee
A quadrupedal trackway (GS-BHG 2) reported from the Bonghwa-gol tracksite of the Upper Cretaceous Jindong Formation (Cenomanian) shows morphological differences from other dinosaur ichnotaxa from South Korea and other Asian countries. The trackway GS-BHG 2 is characterized by an elongated pes with three short, blunt, and straight digits and oval-to kidney-shaped manus without discernible digit traces showing low heteropody and wide trackway gauge. Based on its morphological characteristics and the temporal distribution of dinosaur fauna during the ‘mid’-Cretaceous, the trackmaker of GS-BHG 2 is tentatively assigned as an ankylosaurid dinosaur, and we refer this trackway as cf. Ruopodosaurus. Pes tracks of GS-BHG 2 show differential depth in their medial and lateral parts, implying that the pressure was focused on the medial part of the pedes during locomotion.
{"title":"First reports of a probable ankylosaurian (Thyreophora) trackway from the Jindong Formation (Cenomanian) of Goseong County, South Korea","authors":"Han Sang Yoon , Hyun Wook Kim , Jin-Young Park , Seung-Ho Jung , Dal-Yong Kong , Yuong-Nam Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A quadrupedal trackway (GS-BHG 2) reported from the Bonghwa-gol tracksite of the Upper Cretaceous Jindong Formation (Cenomanian) shows morphological differences from other dinosaur ichnotaxa from South Korea and other Asian countries. The trackway GS-BHG 2 is characterized by an elongated pes with three short, blunt, and straight digits and oval-to kidney-shaped manus without discernible digit traces showing low heteropody and wide trackway gauge. Based on its morphological characteristics and the temporal distribution of dinosaur fauna during the ‘mid’-Cretaceous, the trackmaker of GS-BHG 2 is tentatively assigned as an ankylosaurid dinosaur, and we refer this trackway as cf. <em>Ruopodosaurus</em>. Pes tracks of GS-BHG 2 show differential depth in their medial and lateral parts, implying that the pressure was focused on the medial part of the pedes during locomotion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106235
Javier García-Guerrero , Fredy Parra Ruge , German A. Prieto , Edwin-Alberto Cadena
The fossil record of Lower Cretaceous pliosaurids, particularly from the Valanginian is still poorly known globally, hindering efforts to reconstruct their evolution and palaeogeographical distribution within a broader time frame. Here, we describe an isolated cervical centrum (14 cm maximum diameter) of a pliosaurid belonging to a Brachaucheniinae gen. et sp. indet., from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Valanginian) Rosa Blanca Formation in Zapatoca, Colombia. The presence of large brachaucheniines in the Rosa Blanca Formation suggests that these large pliosaurids were part of the abundant and diverse fauna that inhabited the northwestern margin of Gondwana during the Early Cretaceous and extends their record in northern South America from the Barremian to the late Valanginian. These pliosaurids potentially acted as top predators in the food chain of lower latitude shallow marine environments. This discovery contributes new data to the taxonomic and chronostratigraphic framework of Early Cretaceous marine reptiles from the Proto-Caribbean domain.
下白垩纪上龙的化石记录，特别是来自Valanginian的化石记录，在全球范围内仍然知之甚少，这阻碍了在更广泛的时间框架内重建它们的进化和古地理分布的努力。在这里，我们描述了一个分离的颈椎体（最大直径14厘米），属于brachacheniinae gen. et sp. indet的上龙。来自哥伦比亚萨帕托卡的下白垩纪（上瓦兰吉尼亚）Rosa Blanca组。Rosa Blanca组中大型brachacheniines的存在表明，这些大型上龙是早白垩纪时期居住在冈瓦纳西北边缘的丰富多样的动物群的一部分，并将其在南美洲北部的记录从巴雷米亚延伸到晚瓦兰吉尼亚。这些上龙有可能成为低纬度浅海环境食物链中的顶级捕食者。这一发现为原加勒比海地区早白垩世海生爬行动物的分类和年代地层格架提供了新的数据。
{"title":"Evidence of large pliosaurids in the late Valanginian of Colombia","authors":"Javier García-Guerrero , Fredy Parra Ruge , German A. Prieto , Edwin-Alberto Cadena","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fossil record of Lower Cretaceous pliosaurids, particularly from the Valanginian is still poorly known globally, hindering efforts to reconstruct their evolution and palaeogeographical distribution within a broader time frame. Here, we describe an isolated cervical centrum (14 cm maximum diameter) of a pliosaurid belonging to a Brachaucheniinae gen. et sp. indet., from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Valanginian) Rosa Blanca Formation in Zapatoca, Colombia. The presence of large brachaucheniines in the Rosa Blanca Formation suggests that these large pliosaurids were part of the abundant and diverse fauna that inhabited the northwestern margin of Gondwana during the Early Cretaceous and extends their record in northern South America from the Barremian to the late Valanginian. These pliosaurids potentially acted as top predators in the food chain of lower latitude shallow marine environments. This discovery contributes new data to the taxonomic and chronostratigraphic framework of Early Cretaceous marine reptiles from the Proto-Caribbean domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106236
Aya Kubota , Ryo Taniguchi , Yoshinori Hikida , Yasuhiro Iba
During the Early Cretaceous, terrestrial ecosystems underwent a critical transition driven by the emergence and diversification of angiosperms. Amber-rich deposits from this period are crucial for understanding the diversity, interactions, and evolution of terrestrial biota. However, their occurrences are limited both geographically and stratigraphically. Here, we report a new amber Lagerstätte from the upper Aptian (116–114 Ma) in northern Hokkaido, Japan. The abundant amber occurs within deep-sea deposits and is rich in bio-inclusions: arthropods (hymenopterans, mites), fungi, and plant remains (tracheids, stellate hairs, pollen grains), with submicron-scale morphological details. This is the first report of fossiliferous amber-rich deposits from the Aptian in Asia. It is also recognized as one of the older amber-rich localities with bio-inclusions following those in northeastern Italy (Carnian, Upper Triassic), the Levantine area (Tithonian, Upper Jurassic; Barremian), Austria (Hauterivian), the United Kingdom (lower Barremian), and southern Congo (upper Aptian). This finding fills a paleobiogeographical gap in fossil record and provides anatomical and ecological insights into a critical interval marked by the rise of modern-type forest ecosystems.
{"title":"A new amber Lagerstätte from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan","authors":"Aya Kubota , Ryo Taniguchi , Yoshinori Hikida , Yasuhiro Iba","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Early Cretaceous, terrestrial ecosystems underwent a critical transition driven by the emergence and diversification of angiosperms. Amber-rich deposits from this period are crucial for understanding the diversity, interactions, and evolution of terrestrial biota. However, their occurrences are limited both geographically and stratigraphically. Here, we report a new amber Lagerstätte from the upper Aptian (116–114 Ma) in northern Hokkaido, Japan. The abundant amber occurs within deep-sea deposits and is rich in bio-inclusions: arthropods (hymenopterans, mites), fungi, and plant remains (tracheids, stellate hairs, pollen grains), with submicron-scale morphological details. This is the first report of fossiliferous amber-rich deposits from the Aptian in Asia. It is also recognized as one of the older amber-rich localities with bio-inclusions following those in northeastern Italy (Carnian, Upper Triassic), the Levantine area (Tithonian, Upper Jurassic; Barremian), Austria (Hauterivian), the United Kingdom (lower Barremian), and southern Congo (upper Aptian). This finding fills a paleobiogeographical gap in fossil record and provides anatomical and ecological insights into a critical interval marked by the rise of modern-type forest ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106234
Ning Jia , Qi Zhang , Haichun Zhang
The Jurassic-Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae is considered as one of the most basal lineages of Apocrita, one of two suborders of the insect order Hymenoptera. Herein three genera and three species, of which one genus and three species are recognized as new to science, are described and illustrated from the Jianshangou Bed of the lower Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, NE China, including Tuphephialtites wangi sp. nov., Crephanogaster beipiaoensis sp. nov., and Chorephialtites longispinus gen. et sp. nov. So far a total of three genera and five species within the subfamily Ephialtitinae are known from the middle Jehol Biota in NE China, suggesting a high morphological disparity of Ephialtitidae during the Early Cretaceous in NE China. Occurrence of Crephanogaster Rasnitsyn, 1990 in both the Turga Formation of Transbaikalia, Russia and the Yixian Formation of NE China confirms these two formations are of coeval deposits. Additionally, a key to the genera of Ephialtitinae is given.
{"title":"New ephialtitid wasps (Hymenoptera) of the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota from NE China","authors":"Ning Jia , Qi Zhang , Haichun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jurassic-Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae is considered as one of the most basal lineages of Apocrita, one of two suborders of the insect order Hymenoptera. Herein three genera and three species, of which one genus and three species are recognized as new to science, are described and illustrated from the Jianshangou Bed of the lower Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, NE China, including <em>Tuphephialtites wangi</em> sp. nov., <em>Crephanogaster beipiaoensis</em> sp. nov., and <em>Chorephialtites longispinus</em> gen. et sp. nov. So far a total of three genera and five species within the subfamily Ephialtitinae are known from the middle Jehol Biota in NE China, suggesting a high morphological disparity of Ephialtitidae during the Early Cretaceous in NE China. Occurrence of <em>Crephanogaster</em> Rasnitsyn, 1990 in both the Turga Formation of Transbaikalia, Russia and the Yixian Formation of NE China confirms these two formations are of coeval deposits. Additionally, a key to the genera of Ephialtitinae is given.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106213
Noushin Moradi Lirkashasi , Sakineh Arefifard , Thomas J. Algeo , Jonathan D. Schueth
Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy has been investigated for Upper Cretaceous and lowermost Paleocene deposits in the Garab section located on the northeastern limb of the Kabir Kuh Anticline, Zagros Basin (Iran). The results reveal a relatively complete record that spans the Cenomanian to Danian stages. The base of the section contains Eiffellithus turriseiffelii, implying placement in or above the UC0 Biozone, and the occurrence of Corollithion kennedyi at 68.8 m confirms placement in the Cenomanian. An unconformity is suggested by the missing UC15a-b Biozone in the upper Campanian Gurpi Formation. The Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary (CTB) and Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) is characterized by abundant small taxa including Biscutum constans, Discorhabdus ignotus, and Zeugrhabdotus noeliae, among which the last two taxa are indicators of surface-water fertility during OAE2. The Cretaceous/Paleogene Boundary (KPB) is marked by an increase of abundance of calcareous nannofossils such as Braarudosphaera bigelowii and Neobiscutum spp. and a rapid increase of calcareous dinoflagellates. Our results document high nannofossil productivity during the OAE2, as observed in other Tethyan locations, and rapid turnover and proliferation of disaster taxa such as Braarudosphaera bigelowii, and Neobiscutum spp. at the KPB. These results significantly enhance our understanding of these geological events and suggest that the Garab section is a strong candidate for further study of both the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary and K/Pg boundary.
{"title":"Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the upper Cretaceous to lower Paleocene in Zagros Basin, western Iran","authors":"Noushin Moradi Lirkashasi , Sakineh Arefifard , Thomas J. Algeo , Jonathan D. Schueth","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy has been investigated for Upper Cretaceous and lowermost Paleocene deposits in the Garab section located on the northeastern limb of the Kabir Kuh Anticline, Zagros Basin (Iran). The results reveal a relatively complete record that spans the Cenomanian to Danian stages. The base of the section contains <em>Eiffellithus turriseiffelii</em>, implying placement in or above the UC0 Biozone, and the occurrence of <em>Corollithion kennedyi</em> at 68.8 m confirms placement in the Cenomanian. An unconformity is suggested by the missing UC15a-b Biozone in the upper Campanian Gurpi Formation. The Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary (CTB) and Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) is characterized by abundant small taxa including <em>Biscutum constans</em>, <em>Discorhabdus ignotus</em>, and <em>Zeugrhabdotus noeliae</em>, among which the last two taxa are indicators of surface-water fertility during OAE2. The Cretaceous/Paleogene Boundary (KPB) is marked by an increase of abundance of calcareous nannofossils such as <em>Braarudosphaera bigelowii</em> and <em>Neobiscutum</em> spp. and a rapid increase of calcareous dinoflagellates. Our results document high nannofossil productivity during the OAE2, as observed in other Tethyan locations, and rapid turnover and proliferation of disaster taxa such as <em>Braarudosphaera bigelowii</em>, and <em>Neobiscutum</em> spp. at the KPB. These results significantly enhance our understanding of these geological events and suggest that the Garab section is a strong candidate for further study of both the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary and K/Pg boundary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106217
Miaoqin Lin , Jianguo Li , Yixiao Wu , Tan Tan , Yigang Xu
The International Continental Scientific Drilling Project (ICDP) in the Songliao Basin that has produced a continuous core of the Lower Cretaceous in 4134.81 m thickness, i.e. the SK-II borehole, provides an exceptional archive for studying tectonic and palaeoenvironmental history of the basin under the Cretaceous greenhouse climate. The Shahezi Formation that consists of the main part of this core, represents the primary basin fills at the syn-rift stage of the Songliao Basin and thus marks its commencement and is crucial for studying the timing and mechanism of this basin's early evolution. The precise age of the Shahezi Formation, however, remains controversial and little is known about the palaeovegetation and palaeoenvironment during its deposition. In this study, plenty of pollen and spores are extracted from core samples near the base of the Shahezi Formation. They are the oldest fossils so-far identified from the SK-Ⅱ borehole. The high abundance and diversity of Cicatricosisporites, in association with some other fossils as Pilosisporites, indicate a clear early–middle Aptian age for the base of the Shahezi Formation, i.e. the primary formation of the Songliao Basin. The vegetation was overall featured by abundant ferns, common cycads and some bryophytes in the ground storey, alongside conifer trees or shrubs of Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Araucariaceae and Cheirolepidiaceae in the upper canopy, with increases of Cheirolepidiaceae and cycads over time. A generally warm and humid tropical to subtropical climate with a trend to be slightly drier was developed, which might be a response of terrestrial ecosystem to the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a.
{"title":"Vegetation and climate during the primary formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China","authors":"Miaoqin Lin , Jianguo Li , Yixiao Wu , Tan Tan , Yigang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The International Continental Scientific Drilling Project (ICDP) in the Songliao Basin that has produced a continuous core of the Lower Cretaceous in 4134.81 m thickness, i.e. the SK-II borehole, provides an exceptional archive for studying tectonic and palaeoenvironmental history of the basin under the Cretaceous greenhouse climate. The Shahezi Formation that consists of the main part of this core, represents the primary basin fills at the syn-rift stage of the Songliao Basin and thus marks its commencement and is crucial for studying the timing and mechanism of this basin's early evolution. The precise age of the Shahezi Formation, however, remains controversial and little is known about the palaeovegetation and palaeoenvironment during its deposition. In this study, plenty of pollen and spores are extracted from core samples near the base of the Shahezi Formation. They are the oldest fossils so-far identified from the SK-Ⅱ borehole. The high abundance and diversity of <em>Cicatricosisporites</em>, in association with some other fossils as <em>Pilosisporites</em>, indicate a clear early–middle Aptian age for the base of the Shahezi Formation, i.e. the primary formation of the Songliao Basin. The vegetation was overall featured by abundant ferns, common cycads and some bryophytes in the ground storey, alongside conifer trees or shrubs of Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Araucariaceae and Cheirolepidiaceae in the upper canopy, with increases of Cheirolepidiaceae and cycads over time. A generally warm and humid tropical to subtropical climate with a trend to be slightly drier was developed, which might be a response of terrestrial ecosystem to the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106216
Wei-Wei Wang , Dong Ren , Zhi-Peng Zhao
Nototracans have lived on Earth for over 350 million years, yet limited species records and poor specimen preservation have significantly impeded our understanding of their early evolutionary history. Herein, we supplement the information of a known species and report a new species, Weichangiops trangularis Yang and Hong, 1980 and Weichangiops squamosus sp. nov., from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Duolun, Inner Mongolia, China. The diagnosis characters of Weichangiops Yang and Hong, 1980 and W. trangularis were revised based on the new well-preserved specimens. These newly discovered fossil specimens allow for a detailed summary of morphological characteristics in Notostraca, with a systematic review of features observed in Cretaceous lineages. Given the relatively rarity of Cretaceous notostracan fossils, these findings not only expand the known species diversity of this period but also provide valuable insights into the early evolutionary processes of Notostraca.
{"title":"New fossil notostracans (Branchiopoda, Notostraca) from the Lower Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China","authors":"Wei-Wei Wang , Dong Ren , Zhi-Peng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nototracans have lived on Earth for over 350 million years, yet limited species records and poor specimen preservation have significantly impeded our understanding of their early evolutionary history. Herein, we supplement the information of a known species and report a new species, <em>Weichangiops trangularis</em> Yang and Hong, 1980 and <em>Weichangiops squamosus</em> sp. nov., from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Duolun, Inner Mongolia, China. The diagnosis characters of <em>Weichangiops</em> Yang and Hong, 1980 and <em>W. trangularis</em> were revised based on the new well-preserved specimens. These newly discovered fossil specimens allow for a detailed summary of morphological characteristics in Notostraca, with a systematic review of features observed in Cretaceous lineages. Given the relatively rarity of Cretaceous notostracan fossils, these findings not only expand the known species diversity of this period but also provide valuable insights into the early evolutionary processes of Notostraca.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106215
Ian Jarvis , Zofia Dubicka , Markéta Chroustová
The uppermost Turonian – lower Campanian Chalk succession at Seaford Head, southern England, is described and the placement of stage and substage boundaries are defined. Previous studies of foraminifera and ostracods in the section are reviewed. New data are provided for 99 samples spanning the full exposed section. Samples yielded abundant well-preserved diverse microfossil assemblages. The stratigraphic distributions of 38 selected stratigraphically important foraminifera species of Gavelinella, Stensioeina, Protostensioeina, Bolivina, Bolivinoides, Pyramidina, Pseudouvigerina and planktonic foraminifera (Contusotruncana, Globotruncana, Marginotruncana), and 40 ostracod taxa are presented. A list of taxa with taxonomic notes and descriptions of five new foraminifera species, Gavelinella praestelligera, G. praethalmanni, G. praetumida, Protostensioeina ukrainica and Stensioeina praeexsculpta, and three informal species, Pyramidina sp. A, B and C is included. Evolutionary lineages of foraminifera genera provide the basis for a refined biostratigraphy that is successfully correlated to Salzgitter-Salder, Germany and Dubivtsi, Ukraine. Records are compared to literature data and benthic foraminifera zonations across northern Europe. However, differing taxonomic concepts of authors hamper comparison with literature data, exemplified by critical review of previous work at Seaford Head. This precludes rigorous assessment of diachronism of marker species, although regional stratigraphic differences in the distribution of the first stensioeinids and representatives of the Gavelinella clementiana group in Europe are apparent. The first detailed ostracod records from the English Coniacian – Campanian are presented. Four new ostracod biozones defined by the lowest occurrences of the index taxa are proposed: Neocythere (Physocythere) virginea; Limburgina senonensis; Phacorhabdotus lonsdaleianus; and Pterygocythere laticristata zones.
{"title":"Foraminifera and ostracod biostratigraphy of the English Coniacian – Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Chalk: New results from Seaford Head and correlation to Eastern Europe","authors":"Ian Jarvis , Zofia Dubicka , Markéta Chroustová","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The uppermost Turonian – lower Campanian Chalk succession at Seaford Head, southern England, is described and the placement of stage and substage boundaries are defined. Previous studies of foraminifera and ostracods in the section are reviewed. New data are provided for 99 samples spanning the full exposed section. Samples yielded abundant well-preserved diverse microfossil assemblages. The stratigraphic distributions of 38 selected stratigraphically important foraminifera species of <em>Gavelinella</em>, <em>Stensioeina</em>, <em>Protostensioeina</em>, <em>Bolivina</em>, <em>Bolivinoides</em>, <em>Pyramidina</em>, <em>Pseudouvigerina</em> and planktonic foraminifera (<em>Contusotruncana, Globotruncana, Marginotruncana</em>), and 40 ostracod taxa are presented. A list of taxa with taxonomic notes and descriptions of five new foraminifera species, <em>Gavelinella praestelligera, G. praethalmanni, G. praetumida, Protostensioeina ukrainica</em> and <em>Stensioeina praeexsculpta</em>, and three informal species, <em>Pyramidina</em> sp. A, B and C is included. Evolutionary lineages of foraminifera genera provide the basis for a refined biostratigraphy that is successfully correlated to Salzgitter-Salder, Germany and Dubivtsi, Ukraine. Records are compared to literature data and benthic foraminifera zonations across northern Europe. However, differing taxonomic concepts of authors hamper comparison with literature data, exemplified by critical review of previous work at Seaford Head. This precludes rigorous assessment of diachronism of marker species, although regional stratigraphic differences in the distribution of the first stensioeinids and representatives of the <em>Gavelinella clementiana</em> group in Europe are apparent. The first detailed ostracod records from the English Coniacian – Campanian are presented. Four new ostracod biozones defined by the lowest occurrences of the index taxa are proposed: <em>Neocythere (Physocythere) virginea</em>; <em>Limburgina senonensis</em>; <em>Phacorhabdotus lonsdaleianus</em>; and <em>Pterygocythere laticristata</em> zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106210
Christa-Ch. Hofmann , Ulrich Heimhofer , Emily A. Roberts , Leyla J. Seyfullah
Twelve species of Eucommiidites pollen from deltaic sedimentary rocks of the Rio da Batateira and lowermost Crato formations are here described and depicted with light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A clump of Eucommiidites sp. 6 from sample CAS 27 of the lowermost Crato Formation is thought to be the dispersed equivalent of in situ pollen of Araripestrobus resiniferous found in the laminitic limestone of the Crato Formation. The other Eucommiidites taxa are known only as dispersed taxa. The separation of individual Eucommiidites species using LM is often very difficult and helped by the use of SEM to observe the position of lateral sulci/furrows, plus the sculpture and ornamentation of the sulcus membrane and ektexine. Only two Eucommiidites taxa, E. sp. 2 and E. sp. 3, occur frequently and generally abundantly in medium percentages (4–15 %) in the pollen sum throughout the section, and are interpreted to come from either wind pollinated plants or plants with no specific edaphic requirements. All other taxa are interpreted to have grown further away from the distributary channels, probably in more specialized stands. Two of them (Eucommiidites sp. 6 and E. sp. 8) are preserved in clumps and are suggested to be animal pollinated. The presence of unusually high percentages of 8–14 % of Eucommiidites in the pollen sums reveal that Eucommiidites taxa constituted a significant portion of the ancient vegetation habitats located upriver, but only comprise a few fragments in the macrofossil record of the Araripe Basin.
{"title":"More diverse and abundant than assumed: Eucommiidites pollen preserved in a deltaic setting (Lower Cretaceous) of the Araripe Basin (NE Brazil)","authors":"Christa-Ch. Hofmann , Ulrich Heimhofer , Emily A. Roberts , Leyla J. Seyfullah","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Twelve species of <em>Eucommiidites</em> pollen from deltaic sedimentary rocks of the Rio da Batateira and lowermost Crato formations are here described and depicted with light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A clump of <em>Eucommiidites</em> sp. 6 from sample CAS 27 of the lowermost Crato Formation is thought to be the dispersed equivalent of <em>in situ</em> pollen of <em>Araripestrobus resiniferous</em> found in the laminitic limestone of the Crato Formation. The other <em>Eucommiidites</em> taxa are known only as dispersed taxa. The separation of individual <em>Eucommiidites</em> species using LM is often very difficult and helped by the use of SEM to observe the position of lateral sulci/furrows, plus the sculpture and ornamentation of the sulcus membrane and ektexine. Only two <em>Eucommi</em><em>i</em><em>di</em><em>tes</em> taxa<em>, E</em>. sp. 2 and <em>E</em>. sp. 3, occur frequently and generally abundantly in medium percentages (4–15 %) in the pollen sum throughout the section, and are interpreted to come from either wind pollinated plants or plants with no specific edaphic requirements. All other taxa are interpreted to have grown further away from the distributary channels, probably in more specialized stands. Two of them (<em>Eucommiidites</em> sp. 6 and <em>E</em>. sp. 8) are preserved in clumps and are suggested to be animal pollinated. The presence of unusually high percentages of 8–14 % of <em>Eucommiidites</em> in the pollen sums reveal that <em>Eucommiidites</em> taxa constituted a significant portion of the ancient vegetation habitats located upriver, but only comprise a few fragments in the macrofossil record of the Araripe Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106211
Cristian D. Benavides-Cabra , María E. Páramo-Fonseca , José A. Narváez-Rincón , Daniel E. Pomar
We describe a new specimen of a lamniform shark from the upper Aptian of the Arcillolitas abigarradas Member of the Paja Formation of Villa de Leiva (Colombia). It represents the first lamniform shark specimen from the Lower Cretaceous with both teeth and vertebrae preserved. The specimen consists of several disarticulated but well-preserved teeth and well-preserved partially articulated vertebral centra, denticles and soft tissues. We refer the specimen to Protolamna ricaurtei, a species recently erected from a specimen found in the same formation. It is a lamniform shark characterized by proportionally small tearing-type teeth with small triangular main cusp, two pairs of small triangular lateral cusplets, and massive bilobated roots. The specimen represents a mature individual to be 6.65 m in total length, making it the oldest record of a gigantic lamniform. This specimen is the first evidence that not all macrophagous lamniforms follow the linear function relating crown height to total body length. Our taphonomic analysis indicates that the specimen must have rapidly reached an anoxic bottom, with low benthic activity, gentle currents, and with microbial mats that facilitated the rapid phosphatization of the soft tissues. Based on the preserved anatomy, we propose that Protolamna ricaurtei was a relatively slow but active swimmer feeding in tropical near-shore areas over small preys such as bony fishes, small sharks, squids, and crustaceans.
我们描述了来自Villa de Leiva（哥伦比亚）Paja组的Arcillolitas abigarradas上Aptian的一种新的板形鲨鱼标本。它代表了下白垩纪第一个保存了牙齿和椎骨的板状鲨鱼标本。标本由几颗脱臼但保存完好的牙齿和保存完好的部分脱臼的椎体中心、牙髓和软组织组成。我们认为该标本属于richaurtei原olamna，这是最近从同一地层中发现的标本中生长出来的一个物种。它是一种板形鲨鱼，其特征是成比例的小撕裂型牙齿，具有小三角形的主尖，两对小三角形的侧尖，和巨大的双叶根。该标本代表了一个成熟的个体，总长度为6.65米，使其成为最古老的巨型板形动物记录。该标本首次证明，并非所有巨噬细胞板状体都遵循冠高与体长的线性关系。我们的埋藏学分析表明，标本必须迅速到达缺氧的底部，底栖生物活动低，水流温和，微生物席促进了软组织的快速磷化。根据保存下来的解剖结构，我们认为ricaurteprotoolamna是一种相对缓慢但活跃的游泳者，以热带近岸地区的小型猎物为食，如硬骨鱼、小鲨鱼、鱿鱼和甲壳类动物。
{"title":"A large lamniform shark from the Aptian of Villa de Leiva (Boyacá, Colombia), based on the first Lower Cretaceous shark specimen preserving both teeth and vertebrae","authors":"Cristian D. Benavides-Cabra , María E. Páramo-Fonseca , José A. Narváez-Rincón , Daniel E. Pomar","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We describe a new specimen of a lamniform shark from the upper Aptian of the Arcillolitas abigarradas Member of the Paja Formation of Villa de Leiva (Colombia). It represents the first lamniform shark specimen from the Lower Cretaceous with both teeth and vertebrae preserved. The specimen consists of several disarticulated but well-preserved teeth and well-preserved partially articulated vertebral centra, denticles and soft tissues. We refer the specimen to <em>Protolamna ricaurtei</em>, a species recently erected from a specimen found in the same formation. It is a lamniform shark characterized by proportionally small tearing-type teeth with small triangular main cusp, two pairs of small triangular lateral cusplets, and massive bilobated roots. The specimen represents a mature individual to be 6.65 m in total length, making it the oldest record of a gigantic lamniform. This specimen is the first evidence that not all macrophagous lamniforms follow the linear function relating crown height to total body length. Our taphonomic analysis indicates that the specimen must have rapidly reached an anoxic bottom, with low benthic activity, gentle currents, and with microbial mats that facilitated the rapid phosphatization of the soft tissues. Based on the preserved anatomy, we propose that <em>Protolamna ricaurtei</em> was a relatively slow but active swimmer feeding in tropical near-shore areas over small preys such as bony fishes, small sharks, squids, and crustaceans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55207,"journal":{"name":"Cretaceous Research","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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