Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221030
J. Baxter, D. Costinett
Broad-scale modeling and optimization play a vital role in the design of advanced power converters. Optimization is normally implemented via brute force iterations of design variables or utilizing metaheuristic techniques which are time consuming for a wide range of potential topologies, device implementations, and operating points. Recently, discrete time state-space modeling has shown merits in rapid analysis and generality to arbitrary circuit topologies but has not yet been utilized under rapid optimization techniques across multiple converter parameters. In this work, we investigate methods to incorporate rapid gradient-based optimization techniques to leverage discrete time state-space modeling and showcase the approach in the power converter design process. The method is validated on a 48-to-1V converter designed using the proposed techniques.
{"title":"Power Converter and Discrete Device Optimization Utilizing Discrete Time State-Space Modeling","authors":"J. Baxter, D. Costinett","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221030","url":null,"abstract":"Broad-scale modeling and optimization play a vital role in the design of advanced power converters. Optimization is normally implemented via brute force iterations of design variables or utilizing metaheuristic techniques which are time consuming for a wide range of potential topologies, device implementations, and operating points. Recently, discrete time state-space modeling has shown merits in rapid analysis and generality to arbitrary circuit topologies but has not yet been utilized under rapid optimization techniques across multiple converter parameters. In this work, we investigate methods to incorporate rapid gradient-based optimization techniques to leverage discrete time state-space modeling and showcase the approach in the power converter design process. The method is validated on a 48-to-1V converter designed using the proposed techniques.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89513704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221056
J. Massing, M. Stefanello, H. Gründling, H. Pinheiro
This paper proposes the use of a discrete-time adaptive voltage controller for the inner loop of grid-forming inverters, which is a state-feedback model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) employing a gradient adaptive algorithm. The proposed controller is suitable for grid-connected and islanded microgrid applications. The grid impedance at the point of common coupling is considered in the design of the adaptive voltage controller in a way that its uncertainty is simply compensated by the adaptation of the state-feedback gains. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposal.
{"title":"Adaptive Voltage Control of Grid-Forming Inverters","authors":"J. Massing, M. Stefanello, H. Gründling, H. Pinheiro","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221056","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the use of a discrete-time adaptive voltage controller for the inner loop of grid-forming inverters, which is a state-feedback model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) employing a gradient adaptive algorithm. The proposed controller is suitable for grid-connected and islanded microgrid applications. The grid impedance at the point of common coupling is considered in the design of the adaptive voltage controller in a way that its uncertainty is simply compensated by the adaptation of the state-feedback gains. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposal.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"108 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83262183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221187
Faris Alotaibi, Hasan Ibrahim, Jaewon Kim, P. Enjeti
In this paper, a method to detect a man-in-the-middle attack (MiTM) on a grid following PV inverter is discussed. The control objective of the grid following inverter is to utilize the measurement data from the smart meter to supply the maximum available solar power at any given point to a residential load, while simultaneously preventing any reverse power flow to the grid. Now, a false data injection (FDI) attack is envisioned on the smart meter data (P and Q) communicated to the inverter by malicious actors. In such cases, the FDI can result in the inverter producing more power than the feeder load demand, resulting in reverse power flow into the grid, causing the system to disconnect. The proposed method superimposes a small randomly varying voltage with a unique signature termed as “watermark” into the input inverter DC link voltage and then checks the measurement data returned from the smart meter to contain the appropriate transformation of the secret watermark to detect any possible acts of FDI. A unique characteristic of our method is its ability to inject the watermark signal into the DC link, which is external to the PV inverter. This broadens its applicability to any commercial inverter setup. Communication protocols such as Modbus that could serve as attack points are reviewed. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) implementation reveals that the method effectively identifies FDI and unobservable FDI such as replay attacks. An experimental 3.5kW PV inverter is currently under test, with outcomes to be disclosed at a subsequent stage.
{"title":"A Method to Detect Man in the Middle Attack (MiTM) on a Grid Following PV Inverter","authors":"Faris Alotaibi, Hasan Ibrahim, Jaewon Kim, P. Enjeti","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221187","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a method to detect a man-in-the-middle attack (MiTM) on a grid following PV inverter is discussed. The control objective of the grid following inverter is to utilize the measurement data from the smart meter to supply the maximum available solar power at any given point to a residential load, while simultaneously preventing any reverse power flow to the grid. Now, a false data injection (FDI) attack is envisioned on the smart meter data (P and Q) communicated to the inverter by malicious actors. In such cases, the FDI can result in the inverter producing more power than the feeder load demand, resulting in reverse power flow into the grid, causing the system to disconnect. The proposed method superimposes a small randomly varying voltage with a unique signature termed as “watermark” into the input inverter DC link voltage and then checks the measurement data returned from the smart meter to contain the appropriate transformation of the secret watermark to detect any possible acts of FDI. A unique characteristic of our method is its ability to inject the watermark signal into the DC link, which is external to the PV inverter. This broadens its applicability to any commercial inverter setup. Communication protocols such as Modbus that could serve as attack points are reviewed. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) implementation reveals that the method effectively identifies FDI and unobservable FDI such as replay attacks. An experimental 3.5kW PV inverter is currently under test, with outcomes to be disclosed at a subsequent stage.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81492273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221033
Chengmao Du, Xiong Du, X. Zou, Junliang Liu, Ziming Qiu
It is urgent to ensure small signal stable operation of wind farm under variable wind speed conditions. However, the sub-synchronous resonant (SSR) stable wind speed range varies with the ratio of Type-III and Type-IV wind turbines in the hybrid wind farm grid-connected system (HWF-GCS) with series compensation lines. Firstly, the wind speed-frequency two-variable equivalent admittance model is established. Then, the influence of the ratio of Type-III and Type-IV wind turbines on the SSR stable wind speed range is analyzed by means of the amplitude phase contours plot criterion. The results show that the less the Type-III wind turbines in the HWF, the larger the stable wind speed range and the higher the stability margin, which can provide reference for the stability design in full wind speed range of actual hybrid wind farms. Simulation plat based on Matlab/Simulink is built to verify the correctness of the model and analysis results.
{"title":"SSR Stable Wind Speed Range Analysis for Hybrid Wind Farms Through Two-variable Admittance Modeling","authors":"Chengmao Du, Xiong Du, X. Zou, Junliang Liu, Ziming Qiu","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221033","url":null,"abstract":"It is urgent to ensure small signal stable operation of wind farm under variable wind speed conditions. However, the sub-synchronous resonant (SSR) stable wind speed range varies with the ratio of Type-III and Type-IV wind turbines in the hybrid wind farm grid-connected system (HWF-GCS) with series compensation lines. Firstly, the wind speed-frequency two-variable equivalent admittance model is established. Then, the influence of the ratio of Type-III and Type-IV wind turbines on the SSR stable wind speed range is analyzed by means of the amplitude phase contours plot criterion. The results show that the less the Type-III wind turbines in the HWF, the larger the stable wind speed range and the higher the stability margin, which can provide reference for the stability design in full wind speed range of actual hybrid wind farms. Simulation plat based on Matlab/Simulink is built to verify the correctness of the model and analysis results.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91129635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221080
Faraj H. Alyami, J. Gnamien, P. Gómez
This paper introduces a dynamic cosimulation approach to evaluate the effect of the selection of magnetic core material in toroidal inductors for DC-DC converters under varying load conditions. This cosimulation approach is based on the combination of transient analysis and finite element analysis to investigate how different high-frequency magnetic materials perform as potential core components for the converter’s inductor. The study considers a DC-DC buck converter modeled in Simulink and a detailed toroidal core inductor modeled through COMSOL Multiphysics. The LiveLink for Simulink tool available in COMSOL Multiphysics is utilized for accurate inclusion of the nonlinear inductor model and its integration into the dynamic buck converter model. The study provides insights into the behavior of different magnetic materials under high current exposure, and their suitability for use in DC-DC converters. The results of this investigation can provide practical guidance for designing and optimizing DC-DC converters in various electrical systems, with a focus on selecting appropriate magnetic materials for toroidal inductors.
本文介绍了一种动态联合仿真方法，以评估在不同负载条件下，DC-DC变换器环形电感磁芯材料选择的影响。这种联合仿真方法是基于瞬态分析和有限元分析相结合的方法，研究不同的高频磁性材料作为变换器电感器的潜在核心元件的性能。该研究考虑了在Simulink中建模的DC-DC降压变换器和通过COMSOL Multiphysics建模的详细环形磁芯电感器。利用COMSOL Multiphysics中提供的LiveLink for Simulink工具精确地包含非线性电感模型并将其集成到动态降压变换器模型中。该研究提供了不同磁性材料在高电流暴露下的行为的见解，以及它们在DC-DC转换器中使用的适用性。该研究结果可为各种电气系统中DC-DC变换器的设计和优化提供实用指导，重点是为环形电感选择合适的磁性材料。
{"title":"Cosimulation Approach for Transient Analysis and Inductor Design of DC-DC Buck Converters","authors":"Faraj H. Alyami, J. Gnamien, P. Gómez","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221080","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a dynamic cosimulation approach to evaluate the effect of the selection of magnetic core material in toroidal inductors for DC-DC converters under varying load conditions. This cosimulation approach is based on the combination of transient analysis and finite element analysis to investigate how different high-frequency magnetic materials perform as potential core components for the converter’s inductor. The study considers a DC-DC buck converter modeled in Simulink and a detailed toroidal core inductor modeled through COMSOL Multiphysics. The LiveLink for Simulink tool available in COMSOL Multiphysics is utilized for accurate inclusion of the nonlinear inductor model and its integration into the dynamic buck converter model. The study provides insights into the behavior of different magnetic materials under high current exposure, and their suitability for use in DC-DC converters. The results of this investigation can provide practical guidance for designing and optimizing DC-DC converters in various electrical systems, with a focus on selecting appropriate magnetic materials for toroidal inductors.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77747271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221194
W. Weaver, Trever J. Hassell, R. Robinett, D. Wilson
Traditionally, power systems have been designed to operate with fixed frequency/voltage distribution systems. This frequency (0 Hz DC, 50 Hz European, 60 Hz, 400 Hz, or other) optimizes the system’s performance. This approach has worked well throughout history, enabling the development of a design, analysis, and maintenance tool suite. Regulating the voltage in this way results in additional control effort that can impact the system’s performance. Not to mention that single-frequency operation could be considered sub-optimal in energy and power density. In particular, this is expected to be true for systems with highly stochastic sources or loads (e.g., PV, wind). For example, consider military power systems designed to source hotel loads and large pulsed electric loads (e.g., rail gun, electromagnetic launcher). Introducing electric weapons moves impedance matching/energy storage from mechanical/chemical based to electrical-based. By definition, these pulsed loads are multi-frequency and impossible to match impedance to the sources using traditional methods without incurring additional losses in the system. Such pulses can also result in significant voltage swings/transients on the bus. This paper will present the foundations of a generalized power-packet network (PPN) that represents a multi-frequency power system where power channels can be impedance matched independently.
{"title":"Multi-Frequency Power-Channel Power-Packet Networks","authors":"W. Weaver, Trever J. Hassell, R. Robinett, D. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221194","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, power systems have been designed to operate with fixed frequency/voltage distribution systems. This frequency (0 Hz DC, 50 Hz European, 60 Hz, 400 Hz, or other) optimizes the system’s performance. This approach has worked well throughout history, enabling the development of a design, analysis, and maintenance tool suite. Regulating the voltage in this way results in additional control effort that can impact the system’s performance. Not to mention that single-frequency operation could be considered sub-optimal in energy and power density. In particular, this is expected to be true for systems with highly stochastic sources or loads (e.g., PV, wind). For example, consider military power systems designed to source hotel loads and large pulsed electric loads (e.g., rail gun, electromagnetic launcher). Introducing electric weapons moves impedance matching/energy storage from mechanical/chemical based to electrical-based. By definition, these pulsed loads are multi-frequency and impossible to match impedance to the sources using traditional methods without incurring additional losses in the system. Such pulses can also result in significant voltage swings/transients on the bus. This paper will present the foundations of a generalized power-packet network (PPN) that represents a multi-frequency power system where power channels can be impedance matched independently.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"134 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85882721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221011
Rose A. Abramson, Sahana Krishnan, Margaret E. Blackwell, R. Pilawa-Podgurski
Hybrid switched-capacitor (SC) converters have gained popularity due to their efficient switch utilization and use of energy-dense capacitors, which allows them to achieve high efficiency and power density even at large conversion ratios. The Dickson converter is one such popular hybrid SC converter, as it can achieve the theoretical minimum switch stress rating for a given operating condition. However, unlike other hybrid SC topologies that can automatically achieve full soft-charging through the addition of one or more augmenting inductors, certain Dickson variants also require the use of special switching schemes to fully soft-charge all flying capacitors. This technique, denoted as split-phase switching, inserts extra sub-phases into the control scheme so that flying capacitors are disconnected or connected at staggered times. Traditionally, split-phase timing has been calculated analytically, sometimes using imprecise models. This paper instead proposes an active control technique for detecting hard-charging events on the flying capacitors, such that the split-phase timing automatically converges on soft-charging operation. The technique is validated on an 8-to-1 resonant single-inductor Dickson hardware prototype. While this method is demonstrated on a resonant fixed-ratio converter in this work, the technique can also be applied to regulating split-phase applications, as well as used to detect hard-charging events in general.
{"title":"An Active Split-Phase Control Technique for Hybrid Switched-Capacitor Converters Using Capacitor Voltage Discontinuity Detection","authors":"Rose A. Abramson, Sahana Krishnan, Margaret E. Blackwell, R. Pilawa-Podgurski","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221011","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid switched-capacitor (SC) converters have gained popularity due to their efficient switch utilization and use of energy-dense capacitors, which allows them to achieve high efficiency and power density even at large conversion ratios. The Dickson converter is one such popular hybrid SC converter, as it can achieve the theoretical minimum switch stress rating for a given operating condition. However, unlike other hybrid SC topologies that can automatically achieve full soft-charging through the addition of one or more augmenting inductors, certain Dickson variants also require the use of special switching schemes to fully soft-charge all flying capacitors. This technique, denoted as split-phase switching, inserts extra sub-phases into the control scheme so that flying capacitors are disconnected or connected at staggered times. Traditionally, split-phase timing has been calculated analytically, sometimes using imprecise models. This paper instead proposes an active control technique for detecting hard-charging events on the flying capacitors, such that the split-phase timing automatically converges on soft-charging operation. The technique is validated on an 8-to-1 resonant single-inductor Dickson hardware prototype. While this method is demonstrated on a resonant fixed-ratio converter in this work, the technique can also be applied to regulating split-phase applications, as well as used to detect hard-charging events in general.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73527752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221014
Xin Zan, Khandoker N Rafa Islam, D. Perreault
Switched-mode power amplifiers are desired that can work across a wide range of power levels and load impedances with fast response speed while maintaining high efficiency. Such designs would be valuable for many applications including plasma generation and wireless power transfer. We introduce a new wide-range switched-mode power amplifier architecture that provides output voltage modulation, enabling it to modulate output power and compensate for resistive load variations. Dynamic frequency modulation is leveraged to address reactive load variations. The new architecture enables all the semiconductor switches to maintain zero-voltage switching across all operating conditions.
{"title":"Wide-Range Switched-Mode Power Amplifier Architecture","authors":"Xin Zan, Khandoker N Rafa Islam, D. Perreault","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221014","url":null,"abstract":"Switched-mode power amplifiers are desired that can work across a wide range of power levels and load impedances with fast response speed while maintaining high efficiency. Such designs would be valuable for many applications including plasma generation and wireless power transfer. We introduce a new wide-range switched-mode power amplifier architecture that provides output voltage modulation, enabling it to modulate output power and compensate for resistive load variations. Dynamic frequency modulation is leveraged to address reactive load variations. The new architecture enables all the semiconductor switches to maintain zero-voltage switching across all operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84544922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220968
K. Datta, J. Stauth
This work develops a general analytical framework to understand and quantity state estimation and flying capacitor voltage balance dynamics in hybrid switched-capacitor converter topologies. We expand a state-space modelling framework previously only applied to flying-capacitor multilevel (FCML) converters to treat other topology classes including Dickson-based, series-parallel (SP), Fibonacci, and exponential (doubler) converters. In the generalized treatment, it is shown that many topologies undergo order-reduction which provides significant simplification compared to the FCML case. To compare the relative difficulty of estimating or balancing flying capacitor voltages, we introduce the concept of condition number to better quantity observability and controllability. A hardware prototype consisting of Series-Parallel and FCML topologies is used to verify the model and illustrate topology differences.
{"title":"Comparison of Voltage Balance and State Estimation Dynamics for Hybrid Switched-Capacitor Converter Topologies","authors":"K. Datta, J. Stauth","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220968","url":null,"abstract":"This work develops a general analytical framework to understand and quantity state estimation and flying capacitor voltage balance dynamics in hybrid switched-capacitor converter topologies. We expand a state-space modelling framework previously only applied to flying-capacitor multilevel (FCML) converters to treat other topology classes including Dickson-based, series-parallel (SP), Fibonacci, and exponential (doubler) converters. In the generalized treatment, it is shown that many topologies undergo order-reduction which provides significant simplification compared to the FCML case. To compare the relative difficulty of estimating or balancing flying capacitor voltages, we introduce the concept of condition number to better quantity observability and controllability. A hardware prototype consisting of Series-Parallel and FCML topologies is used to verify the model and illustrate topology differences.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75007564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221005
Zhichun Wang, Peng Fang
High step-down ratio converters, such as a 48V-1V point of load converter, present cases with significant switching and conduction losses at the same time. One effective solution to reduce these losses is achieving a modularized design, where each module only shares a small fraction of the input voltage and load current. In this paper, we investigate a modular power conversion architecture based on a series capacitor Buck topology. In addition, we proposed a solution to free duty cycle limitation associated with series capacitor Buck converter to enable fast transient response. An experimental prototype has been built and tested to validate the proposed method.
{"title":"Modular Series Capacitor Buck Topology for Point of Load Applications with Duty Cycle Freer","authors":"Zhichun Wang, Peng Fang","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221005","url":null,"abstract":"High step-down ratio converters, such as a 48V-1V point of load converter, present cases with significant switching and conduction losses at the same time. One effective solution to reduce these losses is achieving a modularized design, where each module only shares a small fraction of the input voltage and load current. In this paper, we investigate a modular power conversion architecture based on a series capacitor Buck topology. In addition, we proposed a solution to free duty cycle limitation associated with series capacitor Buck converter to enable fast transient response. An experimental prototype has been built and tested to validate the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"218 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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